EP1580834A1 - System und Verfahren zur dynamischen Kontrolle der Bandbreite einer Antenne, zugehöriges Telefon - Google Patents

System und Verfahren zur dynamischen Kontrolle der Bandbreite einer Antenne, zugehöriges Telefon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1580834A1
EP1580834A1 EP05102363A EP05102363A EP1580834A1 EP 1580834 A1 EP1580834 A1 EP 1580834A1 EP 05102363 A EP05102363 A EP 05102363A EP 05102363 A EP05102363 A EP 05102363A EP 1580834 A1 EP1580834 A1 EP 1580834A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
switching
impedance
module
band
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05102363A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1580834B1 (de
Inventor
Fernando Romao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Apple Inc
Original Assignee
Sagem SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1580834A1 publication Critical patent/EP1580834A1/de
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Publication of EP1580834B1 publication Critical patent/EP1580834B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/335—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dynamic control technique of the width of the bandwidth of an antenna.
  • antennas used in mobile phones suffer miniaturization and the diversity of functions built into them.
  • the space available for the antennas is reduced.
  • the direct consequence of reducing the space available for the antenna in a mobile phone is a decrease in performance and the bandwidth of the antenna.
  • the losses of the antenna of a mobile for which the volume of the antenna is restricted are typically at the end of GSM band ("Global System for Mobile Communications") mobile communications) by 2 dB, and losses at the end of the DCS band ("Digital Communication System”) and PCS ("Personal Communications Services') between 1.7 dB and 3 dB.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • DCS Digital Communication System
  • PCS Personal Communications Services'
  • Two switching elements for example in the form impedances L, are placed between two radiating surfaces 1 and 2 of a antenna of a mobile phone. Depending on the frequency of use of the antenna, the impedances L connect or not the two radiating surfaces 1 and 2 and thus perform a switching within the antenna.
  • other switching elements are of course known, and combine capacitors and / or diodes to inductors.
  • the quality factor Q of the components is paramount.
  • the gain of the system of switching of Figure 1 is -3 dBiso for an impedance L equal to 10 nh and having a quality factor Q of 80, while the gain is -4 dBiso for an impedance L equal to 10 nh and having a quality factor Q of 50.
  • FIG. 1 An example of a known impedance matching system is schematically shown in FIG.
  • Such a system thus comprises a transmitting / receiving antenna 3 connected to a transceiver module 4 in which all the elements digital and radio of a phone are present.
  • the module 4 thus comprises an output 47 of RX receiver chain of a GSM band, an output 48 of a GSM TX transmission chain, and by example an output 49 of the receiver channel RX of a DCS band and a output 50 of transmission chain TX DCS.
  • Other bands may well understood to be provided in addition to the band or in lieu of the DCS band, like a PCS band for example.
  • Switching means 41 controlled by means of control 42 make it possible to switch between circuits impedance matching.
  • an impedance matching circuit 43 RX GSM is connected between switching means 41 and output 47
  • a GSM TX impedance matching circuit 44 is connected between the switching means 41 and the output 48
  • an adaptation circuit 45 RX DCS impedance is connected between switching means 41 and the output 49
  • a TX DCS impedance matching circuit 46 is connected between switching means 41 and output 50. As shown in FIG. FIG. 4, all these means are included in the transmitter / receiver module 4.
  • Frontal modules Front end
  • switching module a switching module
  • Module 4 in particular the front module, depends on the antenna 3 used.
  • the switching means 41 are generally characterized at 50 ⁇ also, which also introduces losses at antenna gain level 3.
  • the invention proposes to overcome at least one of the disadvantages of the art prior.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to propose a technique of control of the bandwidth of an antenna which allows a reduction of the dimensions of the antenna while keeping performances in bandwidth and efficiency that are acceptable.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to propose a technique of control of the bandwidth of an antenna that allows to perform an adaptation of the impedances on the reception channels RX and transmission when the antenna characteristic is too far from 50 ⁇ .
  • One of the aims of the invention is to propose a technique of command of the bandwidth of an antenna which allows to have a point at 50 ⁇ that is common to all frequency bands.
  • one of the aims of the invention is to propose a technique controlling the bandwidth of an antenna which allows the insertion of to the standard transceiver module with a baseband and a radio frequency band a connector for access to an antenna external.
  • One of the aims of the invention is also to propose a technique control of the bandwidth of an antenna that allows to define a single point of control in manufacturing and during recipe checks at the operators
  • One of the aims of the invention is furthermore to propose a technique of control of the bandwidth of an antenna which allows manufacturers of complete transceiver modules with a baseband and a radio frequency band to make modules standards independent of customer application and / or manufacturers of front end modules comprising a power amplifier and a switch module to make standard modules independent of customer application.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to propose a technique of bandwidth control that allows to adapt a module transmitter / receiver having a baseband and a band radio frequencies from one mobile phone to another.
  • the invention proposes a system according to claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a telephone and a method of setting implementation of the system.
  • the present invention has the advantage of extending the band passing antenna of a mobile phone in multiband configuration.
  • Figure 3 shows a block diagram of the invention.
  • the inventor realized that by combining an impedance switching system 6 relatively simple directly in series on the point of attack B of a multiband antenna 3 (in the driven domain) and output A of a module transmitter / receiver 4, it was possible to extend the bandwidth of the antenna 3, and this in a surprising way and contrary to what thought the specialists.
  • the principle of the invention is simple and makes it possible to extend the band passing a multiband antenna 3 from an antenna presenting insufficient bandwidth characteristics for an application given.
  • the switching system 6 placed between the points A and B makes it possible to switch between at least two band modes.
  • Each band mode corresponds to a state corresponding to the series connection of a impedance between said antenna 3 and said module 4.
  • the first band mode is shown schematically at the Figure 4A.
  • the impedance between points A and B is null and the frequency-dependent loss diagram is by example that in full line in Figure 5.
  • the second band mode is shown schematically at the Figure 4B.
  • the impedance between points A and B is equal to an adaptation impedance Z and the loss pattern in Frequency function is the dashed line in Figure 5.
  • the loss diagram is shifted in the frequency domain (phenomenon of "frequency shifting" in English). We can thus improve the performance of the antenna 3 according to the frequency of use.
  • the impedance Z varies as a function of the frequency of use of the antenna 3.
  • the impedance Z is equal to a first value Z 1 for the equal frequency value f 1 and Z is a second value Z 2 for the value of equal frequency f 2 .
  • Figure 6 shows a first schematic embodiment possible a switching system 6 according to the invention.
  • the system 6 is thus mainly composed of an active element 61 switching that can be switched on or off between module 4 and the antenna 3, the passive impedance Z, being composed for its part example of an inductance 62 connected in series with a capacitor 63, the inductor 62 and the capacitor 63 being connected in parallel with the element active 61 at points A and B.
  • the active element is an active diode 61.
  • the active diode 61 is of the PIN diode type (semiconductor configuration: P layer - intrinsic layer - n layer).
  • the diode 61 in the off state, is equivalent to a capacity of 0.2 pF in parallel with a resistance of 10 k ⁇ . It thus materializes a infinite impedance approximated.
  • the diode 61 In the on state, is equivalent to a resistance of 0.3 ⁇ in series with an inductance of 0.4 nh. She thus materializes an approximate short circuit.
  • the active diode 61 can be replaced by any other device capable of switching between a short circuit and a circuit open for signals of the type considered.
  • the diode 61 can be replaced by an effect transistor of field, or a miniature electromechanical switch in technology MEMS ("micro-electronic mechanical system").
  • Table 1 gives examples of digital applications for values of the impedance Z A of the antenna 3 for a GSM band on the RX channel in the case of FIG. 6, the diode 61 being conducting.
  • the TOS is the Stationary Wave Rate of the antenna and characterizes the distance of the characteristic of the antenna from the ideal value of 50 ⁇ . The closer the TOS is to - ⁇ , the better the antenna is.
  • FIGS. 7A to 7E show several possible choices for Z, the choice being made according to the different bands.
  • FIG. 7A shows a capacitance in parallel with an inductance connected in series with a capacitance
  • FIG. 7B represents an inductance in series with a capacitance
  • FIG. 7C represents an inductance connected in parallel with a capacitor, the mounting being in series with a capacitor
  • Figure 7D shows inductance in series with a capacitance
  • Figure 7E shows an inductance connected in parallel with a capacitance.
  • Table 3 shows the equivalent electrical characteristics of each Z as a function of the usage band.
  • the impedance Z is equivalent to a capacity when the antenna 3 has an element parasitic inductive and that Z is equivalent to an inductance when the antenna 3 comprises a parasitic capacitive element.
  • Z compensates as well always the parasitic behavior of the antenna 3 for a frequency given, so that the TOS and the losses are the lowest possible.
  • the width of the bandwidth of the antenna is thus controlled dynamically.
  • Figure 8 shows schematically a possible embodiment complete of a switch having a switching system 6.
  • the system 6 is connected, as in Figures 3 and 6 for example, between the transmitter / receiver module 4 and the antenna 3.
  • the connection between the system 6 and module 4 is materialized by point 5, which is the point common to 50 ⁇ of all frequency bands.
  • the link between the system 6 and the antenna 3 is materialized as for it by the pole 8.
  • the telephone further comprises means 7 forming a processor central office defining the switching strategy of the active element 61, preferably the active diode 61, in communication.
  • the means 7 thus comprise memory means capable of storing a program of switching of the active diode 61 and microprocessor means enabling the implementation of the program.
  • the switching strategy of the active diode 61 is thus predefined in the switching program and depends on the frequency and the cycle of communication (phase of transmission, reception or listening of control).
  • the link between the system 6 and the means 7 is effected by a pole referenced by 9.
  • the means 7 also control, thanks to a link 68, 41 means of switching the different channels (RX, TX and listening of control) of the different GSM / DCS / PCS bands of the telephone. Ways 41 switching of different channels are similar to the means referenced 41 in FIG. 1.
  • the control of the means 41 of band switching occurs in synchronism with the control of the switching system 6 of the active diode 61.
  • the system 6 is moreover connected to the mass of the telephone thanks to pole 10.
  • the impedance Z and the active diode 61 are connected in parallel to each other between points A and B.
  • Point A is connected to point 5 and point B is connected to point 8.
  • a capacitor 66 is connected between the pole 10 and an internal terminal 67 to the system 6.
  • a control resistor 65 is connected between point 67 and pole 9.
  • a choke inductor 64 is connected between point 67 and point A.
  • the diode 61 is still passing in TX and that the diode is blocked in RX, then the voltage of diode control arriving at pole 9 is 3 V for the on state and 0 V for the blocked state. There is indeed no harmonic generated.
  • the switching program can fix the diode active 61 can be blocked in TX as well.
  • the control voltage arriving at pole 9 is this time 3 V for the on state and -20 / -30 V for the state blocked. This avoids the creation of harmonics.
  • the control signal can also be a current of ordered.
  • the control signal arriving at the pole 9 thus controls the opening or closing the diode 61 according to the frequency of use and the communication cycle (TX transmission, RX reception or listening to control).
  • the command is thus dynamic.
  • the switching of the diode 61 from one state to another takes place during the phases of radio inactivity of the phone, and in a very short time (from the order of a few tens of microseconds) depending on the strategy predefined in the means 7.
  • Figure 9 shows another possible embodiment of a switch.
  • the device is similar to that of Figure 8 and the elements are not included for clarity.
  • the difference in the mode of embodiment of Figure 9 compared to that of Figure 8 is that the impedance Z is variable.
  • the value of the impedance Z is set by the control means 7 through a connection 69.
  • the means 7 thus control the value of the impedance Z at the same time as the state of the active diode 61 for optimized use of the antenna.
  • the invention has the advantage of allowing a command dynamic of the bandwidth of the antenna thanks to a simple device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
EP05102363A 2004-03-25 2005-03-23 System und Verfahren zur dynamischen Kontrolle der Bandbreite einer Antenne, zugehöriges Telefon Expired - Fee Related EP1580834B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0403067A FR2868215B1 (fr) 2004-03-25 2004-03-25 Systeme et procede de commande dynamique de la largeur de la bande passante d'une antenne, telephone associe
FR0403067 2004-03-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1580834A1 true EP1580834A1 (de) 2005-09-28
EP1580834B1 EP1580834B1 (de) 2012-09-19

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EP05102363A Expired - Fee Related EP1580834B1 (de) 2004-03-25 2005-03-23 System und Verfahren zur dynamischen Kontrolle der Bandbreite einer Antenne, zugehöriges Telefon

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1580834B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2396132T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2868215B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2274795A1 (de) * 2008-05-08 2011-01-19 Comrod As Übertragungseinheit für funkfrequenzsignale und verfahren zur alternativen verwendung einer elektrischen antenne oder einer magnetantenne mit einem klassischen antennentuner

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09331206A (ja) * 1996-06-12 1997-12-22 Saitama Nippon Denki Kk Ｔｄｍａ方式用携帯電話機のアンテナ整合部
US5923297A (en) * 1998-05-06 1999-07-13 Ericsson Inc. Retractable antenna system with switchable impedance matching
JP2002314453A (ja) * 2001-04-10 2002-10-25 Nec Saitama Ltd アンテナ整合回路切替機能付き携帯電話機
US6643497B1 (en) * 1999-09-07 2003-11-04 Nec Corporation Portable telephone compensable for change of antenna impedance

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09331206A (ja) * 1996-06-12 1997-12-22 Saitama Nippon Denki Kk Ｔｄｍａ方式用携帯電話機のアンテナ整合部
US5923297A (en) * 1998-05-06 1999-07-13 Ericsson Inc. Retractable antenna system with switchable impedance matching
US6643497B1 (en) * 1999-09-07 2003-11-04 Nec Corporation Portable telephone compensable for change of antenna impedance
JP2002314453A (ja) * 2001-04-10 2002-10-25 Nec Saitama Ltd アンテナ整合回路切替機能付き携帯電話機

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 04 31 March 1998 (1998-03-31) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2003, no. 02 5 February 2003 (2003-02-05) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2274795A1 (de) * 2008-05-08 2011-01-19 Comrod As Übertragungseinheit für funkfrequenzsignale und verfahren zur alternativen verwendung einer elektrischen antenne oder einer magnetantenne mit einem klassischen antennentuner
EP2274795A4 (de) * 2008-05-08 2014-03-05 Comrod As Übertragungseinheit für funkfrequenzsignale und verfahren zur alternativen verwendung einer elektrischen antenne oder einer magnetantenne mit einem klassischen antennentuner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1580834B1 (de) 2012-09-19
FR2868215B1 (fr) 2009-02-20
FR2868215A1 (fr) 2005-09-30
ES2396132T3 (es) 2013-02-19

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