EP1580398A1 - Apparatus and method for subsoil construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves lowering a tool (5) and guiding it with a telescopic rod with an outer rod in which at least one inner rod is movable accommodated. The tool is attached to the outer rod and is lowered with it. At least one inner rod is first lowered with the outer rod and then pulled out of the outer rod by a movably guided carriage element (20) on the mast (12). An independent claim is also included for a civil engineering device.

Description

The invention relates to a method for civil engineering in which lowered a tool while using a telescopic linkage is guided, which has an outer rod, in which at least one inner rod is slidably received.

The invention further relates to a device for civil engineering with a mast and a telescopic rod arranged thereon, at one end of a tool is attachable, wherein the Telescopic rod has an outer rod, in which at least an inner rod is slidably received ,.

A generic state of the art is based, for example EP 0 947 664 A. Here's a telescopic one Drill rod described, which also as a so-called Kelly linkage is known. In an outer tube, which with a Rotary drive is connected to a mast, are several inner bars arranged telescopically. At the innermost telescopic pole At the bottom of a drilling tool is attached. The first telescopic pole is still connected to a crane rope, through which the innermost bar and all other bars can be lowered down.

The telescopic length is in this known system limited by the diameter of the outer tube. The diameter of the outer tube in turn can not be increased arbitrarily be, since this must be recorded in the rotary drive.

The invention is based on the object, a method and a device and a suitable telescopic rod indicate with which one continues to be reliable Leadership even larger processing depths can be achieved can.

The object is achieved by a method with the Feature of claim 1, a device having the feature of Claim 10 and a telescopic rod with the features of Claim 16 solved. Preferred embodiments of the invention are given in the respective dependent claims.

The method according to the invention is characterized that the tool is attached to the outer rod and with this is lowered and that first with the outer rod only an inner rod is lowered, which then by means a slidably guided on the mast slide element the outer bar is pulled.

A basic idea of the invention is based on the fact that the tool is attached directly to the outer rod and the outer rod is lowered with the tool. It will thus a reverse telescoping movement as in a conventional Kelly pole reached. Thus, the inner narrow remains Telescopic rod at the top, so regardless of the Length of the telescopic linkage readily a connection to be made a rotary drive or another drive can. Depending on the desired length can by appropriate Enlargement of the lowerable outer tube almost any Number of inner bars are provided. The outer bar Can be hung on a crane rope, which is the Weight of the entire boom and an attached tool, about a drilling tool or a milling machine, receives.

In addition, the invention provides a special telescoping capability before, in which first the outer rod up to a predetermined depth is lowered. It is then by means of a special carriage element one or more inner bars pulled out to the top. For this purpose, the carriage element even via a separate winch on the mast or via a rack drive or a similar drive. The Pulling movement can also be done along the mast, resulting in a ensures good guidance of the telescopic linkage.

To produce a stable linkage, it is according to the invention provided that the inner rod from the outer rod up is pulled out to a locking position, in which the Outer rod rigidly connected to the adjacent inner rod is, and that the outer rod and the rigidly connected Inner bar lowered further. The locking can be done by suitable locking devices, such as bolts or locking locks respectively.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is that for further lowering from the rigid with the outer rod connected inner rod at least one other inner rod pulled out by the carriage element to the locking position and rigidly connected and that the steps of Lowering, pulling out and connecting possibly as long be repeated until the telescopic boom is extended. By this procedure, a particularly long telescopic rod be pulled out reliably.

Another preferred embodiment is that a piecewise lowering each up to a defined Pulling takes place, at which then one or more inner rods be pulled out by means of the carriage. Especially it is preferred that the pulling position above a Soil surface, in particular in the lower area of the mast, is provided. This can be the one or more inner bars each in the extended position above the ground be locked. The manufactured with tight tolerances Connection area is not so by possibly existing Suspension in a create drilling or milling hole or through Sand and gravel from the soil contaminated. This constitutes one Precision locking ensures safety and protects the precisely machined Guiding and locking areas of the individual bar elements.

For reliable telescoping of the rods, it is according to the invention provided that the carriage element for the method of Outside and / or inside rod engaged with this becomes. For this purpose, the carriage member a gripping or holding device have, which in corresponding gripping areas engages positively and / or non-positively on the respective rod.

Basically, the lifting and lowering of the telescopic linkage arranged civil engineering tool basically exclusively via a suspension cable by means of a winch on the device respectively. According to the invention, it is also possible that the carriage element when lowering and lifting the tool is used. As a result, larger forces can be added over the winds of the carriage element and a total of one higher processing speed can be achieved.

The rigid connection between the individual bar elements can be done in the simplest way by hand, such as using of screw or socket pin. For an efficient However, it is in accordance with the invention that a process Manufacture and / or release of the rigid connection of the telescopic linkage automatically done. For this purpose, hydraulic or be provided pneumatically adjustable retaining bolt, or semi-automatic latching devices, which on reaching a Verrastungsstellung about by an applied spring force automatically assume a latching position.

Another preferred method embodiment is that the telescopic linkage is rotated, in particular driven in rotation becomes. A turn around a defined angle of rotation is for example in the manufacture of slot walls by means Diaphragm wall grippers useful. In addition, the telescopic rod can also used to drive augers be, in which the telescopic linkage via a rotary drive on the mast is set in rotation to the drilling torque to transfer to the tool.

The device according to the invention is characterized that the outer rod is connectable to the tool and that slidably guided on the mast a slide element which for holding and moving the at least one inner rod relative is formed to the outer rod. With this device can the above-described ancestor with the advantages mentioned be executed. In particular, a reliable telescoping achieved even at large processing depths become.

According to the invention, the carriage element can be a gripping device for gripping and / or holding the rods. The Gripping device, for example, a hydraulic or pneumatically operated collet for positive and / or non-positive locking Gripping the bars or just a simple stop ring include.

A particularly economical embodiment of the invention exists in that the tool with the telescopic linkage on one Rope is suspended. The rope can be operated by a winch which, for example, on a mast carrying Lafette is arranged and driven. Such a Cable drive is on most conventional construction machinery. With these can be high forces even at large Achieve processing depths.

When the tool to be operated with the telescopic linkage itself has one or more drives, as for example in a trench wall cutter for the Fräsradantrieb or a diaphragm wall gripper is given, which is a hydraulic or need electrical power, it is provided according to the invention, that a hose feed with at least one Schlauchumlenkrolle is provided, which on Mast is slidably guided. By the arrangement of one or several hose pulleys can be moved along the mast Reliably arrange larger hose lengths, so that a clean Hose feed for energy transfer even with larger ones Ensure machining depths.

The drill pipe can be used for a variety of tools, such as also measuring tools, are used. According to the invention preferred is it that the tool is a milling cutter, a gripper or is a drilling tool.

For rotating or rotating the tool, it is according to the invention that a rotary drive for rotating the telescopic linkage is provided. The rotary drive is usually on Mast arranged and embraces the telescopic rod.

In particular, for the above-described device is a telescopic linkage with an outside bar and one or more Inner bars provided which between a retracted position and an extended position are adjustable, in which the Rods are interconnected via connecting areas. Such a telescopic linkage is characterized according to the invention by that at the connection areas locking elements are arranged. The locking elements can Plug or bolt to be as a simple design. In addition, bolts can also be semi-automatic or fully automatic be operated.

For a cost-effective production of the individual rod elements it is provided according to the invention that the connection areas is arranged at the free ends of the rods and that for leadership and location positioning exclusively the Connection areas are processed. So can simple pipe elements be used in steel, which does not have the full length must be processed. A mechanical processing Rather, it takes place only on the inside and / or outside at the end areas of the bars. in these areas is a good and very precise editing without major expense possible. Overall, a backlash-free connection be reached between the bars.

In principle, rods of solid-shell material can be used as rod elements or struts having lightweight components with the various cross-sectional formats, in particular round or Rectangular cross sections are used. According to the invention a preferred embodiment in that rods closed Pipes are and that at the connection areas Sealing elements are arranged. By the arrangement of sealing elements at the locking areas in conjunction with a Locking the rod elements outside the borehole in clean environment may be a penetration of water, supporting suspensions or soil materials in the interior of the telescopic boom reliably prevented. Inside the telescopic linkage So can also sensitive lines for energy supply or arranged for data transmission. hereby can the maintenance and cleaning costs for the telescopic linkage drastically reduce during operation.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Tiefbau mit einem Raupenfahrzeug;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung von verschiedenen Arbeitsschritten bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Tiefbauverfahren;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung von verschiedenen Arbeitsschritten beim Absenken eines Werkzeugs nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Seitendarstellung von verschiedenen Arbeitsschritten beim Heben eines Werkzeuges nach der Erfindung;

Fig. 5

eine schematische Querschnittsansicht von Verbindungsbereichen eines erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopgestänges; und

Fig. 6

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform von Verbindungsbereichen des Teleskopgestänges nach der Erfindung.

The invention will be further described by means of preferred embodiments, which are schematically illustrated in the drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1

a side view of a device according to the invention for civil engineering with a tracked vehicle;

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of various steps in a civil engineering method according to the invention;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of various steps in lowering a tool according to another embodiment of the method according to the invention;

Fig. 4

a schematic side view of various steps in lifting a tool according to the invention;

Fig. 5

a schematic cross-sectional view of connecting portions of a telescopic linkage according to the invention; and

Fig. 6

a schematic side view of another embodiment of connecting portions of the telescopic boom according to the invention.

Concerning a civil engineering apparatus 10 according to the invention 1, a mast 12 is pivotally mounted on a tracked vehicle 14 held. The mast 12 may in a known manner via a Stellzylinderanordnung of the illustrated approximately vertical Working position pivoted to an approximately horizontal position be in which preferably carried a transport can. Approximately parallel to the mast 12 is over in rope 22 a Telescopic rod 50 held with a tool 5. In the illustrated Embodiment, the tool 5 is a Trench wall cutter with a total of four cutting wheels. The power to Lifting and lowering of the tool 5 is via the cable 22 by means of applied to the crawler 14 winch 24 applied. An energy supply for the hydraulic drives of the Tool 5 via a schematically indicated hydraulic hose 26, by means of a Schlauchumlenkrolle 30 am top of the mast 12 tracked by a hose winch 28 becomes. The hose reel 28 is attached to the tracked vehicle 14 and is powered by a separate motor.

At the lower end of the mast 12 is an approximately sleeve-shaped Rotary drive 20 attached, which for rotating the telescopic linkage 50 and the attached tool 5 is used. Further, on the mast 12, a carriage member 16 with a gripping device 18 slidably guided. Instead of the rotary drive 20 may be provided a simple sleeve-shaped holder. The sliding movement is not shown in detail Carriage rope by means of a winch drive, not shown generated for the carriage rope, which has a lower Carriage roller 17a and an upper carriage roller 17b out is. The carriage member 16 is used for undressing and Retracting the telescopic rod 50, which is closer in Figs. 2 to 4 is shown and described.

Fig. 2 shows a highly schematic of a method according to the invention and a device according to the invention, wherein a feed the hydraulic hose 26 takes place without a hose winch. To hose supply are a total of three hose deflection rollers intended. The first hose deflection roller 30a is attached to the upper end of the inner inner rod 80, while the second hose deflection roller 30b at the lower end of Mast is held. The third hose deflection roller 30c is slidably guided along the mast, whereby by the Adjustment a tight guidance of the hydraulic hose 26 is ensured.

At the beginning of the procedure, which is on the left side of Fig. 2 is shown, the tool 5 together with the retracted telescopic linkage 50 and the carriage member 16th towards the bottom to produce a first stage of a Slit lowered to a predetermined pulling position. This position is illustrated in the second illustration of FIG. Subsequently, the telescopic rod 50 in a extracted first step, wherein an outer rod 60, at whose lower end the tool 5 is attached, the other Inner rods extended by means of the carriage member 16 become. Subsequently, the telescopic rod so pulled out up to the position according to the fourth picture from the left in lowered the ground until the carriage member 16 again reached his drawing position. Now is by means of the carriage element 16 from the intermediate inner rod 70 the inner inner rod 80 pulled out, the telescopic rod 50 reaches its maximum length in this embodiment Has. Now, the so extended telescopic rod 50 to to its maximum depth according to the right-hand illustration of FIG. 2 are lowered. In the telescopic linkage 50 of FIG. 2 So are in the outer rod 60 a total of two inner bars 70, 80 arranged. Such a telescopic rod 50 is also called zweachtel telescope.

In Fig. 3 is a corresponding schematic representation of the Lowering a tool with a simple telescoping Drill pipe shown. This is where the tool carrying outer rod only an inner rod, which, however has approximately twice the length of the outer rod. in this connection the construction and the telescoping is significantly simplified, however, according to the left-hand illustration of FIG greater height in the initial position exists.

The retraction or lifting of the tool by means of a telescopic telescopic rod 50 is shown in Fig. 4. The left-hand illustration of FIG. 4 shows the telescopic linkage 50 extended to the maximum extent, the tool 5 having produced a slot 8 in the ground. The carriage element 16 is in its lower position, the so-called pulling position, which is indicated by the line L _z . In this position, the gripping device, not shown engages the upper end of the inner rod 80. Now, with the aid of the carriage member 16 and the winch not shown here, the tool 5 is raised until the carriage member 16 reaches its upper position, the so-called locking position, which by the line L _{R is} marked. According to the third illustration from the left, the slide element 16 is now returned from its upper latch position to the lower pull position, so that the further telescopic linkage can be pulled out of the slot 8 until the slide element 16 again reaches its upper latch position according to the fourth illustration from the left , Now, according to the fifth image from the left, the inner rod 80 can be at least partially moved back into the outer rod 60 until the carriage member 16 again reaches its lower pulling position. Now, according to the right-hand illustration of FIG. 4, the tool can be pulled completely out of the slot 8.

Fig. 5 shows two different versions for the rigid Connection between the outer rod 60 and the inner rod 70 in the locked position. The outer bar 60 and the inner bar 70 each have a main body a tube 61, 71st on, at the outer end of a precisely processed connection area 62, 72 is welded. The individual components be attached in the left side embodiment with the attached Letter a and in the right-hand version explained by the attached letter b.

In the left side embodiment of Fig. 5 is at the top End of the connecting portion 62a of the outer rod 60a a stopper cover 68a fastened by means of bolts, which the maximum extension position of the inner rod 70a defined. For this is a radial at the connecting portion 72a of the inner rod 70a formed outwardly projecting shoulder 78a. In this area are also two sealing elements 76a in the inner rod 70a, wherein the sealing elements 76a close to a corresponding sealing surface of the stopper cover 68 a rest. At the lower end of the connecting portion 72a is a provided radial expansion, on which the guide surface 77a is formed. The guide surface 77a of the inner rod 70a forms with a corresponding thereto elaborated Guide surface 67 a of the outer rod 60 a close tolerance. to rigid connection openings are provided which for insertion are provided by locking elements 64a. The Locking element 64a is designed as a screw bolt, at the bolt head also embedded a sealing ring is to make a tight closure of the cavity within the Ensure telescopic boom. The trained as a bolt Locking element 64a can in its simplest Hand made to make a rigid connection between the outer rod 60a and the inner rod 70a screwed become.

In the right-hand embodiment of FIG. 5 exist only slight differences. So are the sealing elements 76b arranged in a separate sealing insert 79b, which at the same time the shoulder 78b for the stopper cover 68b forms. In the lower end portion of the inner rod 70 b is a manual locking provided with a locking element 64b, which via a handle 75 by twisting and moving can be moved radially inward.

On the inside of the outer rod 60 is a flat guide wedge 63 attached, which in the illustrated latch position in a guide groove 73 in the flared portion of the inner rod 70 engages.

In Fig. 6 is an alternative embodiment of the connection areas 62c, 72c of the outer rod 60c and the inner rod 70c, respectively shown. To simplify the machining is the guide surface 67c of the outer rod 60c has a separate bush which inserted into the tubular body of the outer rod 60c and has been attached. In the same way is on the outer circumference the inner rod 70c as a guide surface 77c a Jack shrunk. The guide surfaces 67c and 77c provide a reliable and extensive tight leadership between the Outside bar 60c and the inner bar 70c in the locking position for sure. The axial travel limitation takes place via a annular stopper cover 68 c, which at the upper end of Outer bar 60c is welded. The shrunken bushy Guide surface 77c simultaneously forms the Shoulder, which for Wegbegrenzung on the stopper lid 68c in the bolt position comes to rest.

The rigid connection takes place in the illustrated embodiment via locking elements 74c, which on the inner rod 70c are arranged hydraulically adjustable and the Locking radially outward into corresponding openings in the connecting regions 72c and 62c for positive locking Connection retracted.

Claims (18)

Method for civil engineering, in which a tool (5) is lowered and thereby guided by means of a telescopic linkage (50), which has an outer rod (60), in which at least one inner rod (70, 80) is slidably received,
characterized , that the tool (5) is attached to the outer rod (60) and is lowered with this and in that first at least one inner rod (70, 80) is lowered with the outer rod (60), which is then pulled out of the outer rod (60) by means of a slide element (16) displaceably guided on the mast (12). Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the inner rod (70, 80) is withdrawn from the outer rod (60) to a latch position in which the outer rod (60) is rigidly connected to the adjacent inner rod (70), and
that the outer rod (60) and the rigidly connected inner rod (70) are further lowered. Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that for further lowering of the rigid rod with the outer rod (60) connected to the inner rod (70) at least one further inner rod (80) by means of the carriage member (16) pulled out to the locking position and rigidly connected and
that the steps of lowering, Hersausziehens and connecting, if necessary, be repeated until the telescopic rod (50) is pulled out. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that a gradual lowering takes place in each case up to a defined pulling position, at which then one or more inner rods (70, 80) are pulled out by means of the carriage element (16). Method according to claim 4,
characterized in that the pulling position above a bottom surface, in particular in the lower region of the mast (12) is provided. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the carriage member (16) for moving the outer rod (60) and / or inner rod (70, 80) is brought into engagement therewith. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that the carriage element (16) during lowering and lifting of the tool (5) is used. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that a manufacture and / or release of the rigid connection of the telescopic linkage (50) takes place automatically. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that the telescopic rod (50) is rotated, in particular driven in rotation. Device for civil engineering with a mast (12) and a telescopic linkage (50) arranged thereon, at the one end of which a tool (5) can be attached, wherein the telescopic linkage (50) has an outer rod (60), in which at least one inner rod (70 , 80) is slidably received,
characterized , that the outer rod (60) with the tool (5) is connectable and in that a carriage element (16), which is designed to hold and move the at least one inner rod (70, 80) relative to the outer rod (60), is displaceably guided on the mast (12). Device according to claim 10,
characterized in that the carriage member (16) comprises gripping means (18) for gripping and / or holding the rods. Device according to claim 10 or 11,
characterized in that the tool (5) with the telescopic rod (50) is suspended on a rope (22). Device according to one of claims 10 to 12,
characterized in that a hose feed with at least one Schlauchumlenkrolle (30) is provided, which is guided on the mast (12) displaceable. Device according to one of claims 10 to 13,
characterized in that the tool (5) is a milling cutter, a gripper or a drilling tool. Device according to one of claims 10 to 14,
characterized in that a rotary drive (20) for rotating the telescopic linkage (50) is provided. Telescopic linkage for a device (10) according to any one of claims 10 to 15, comprising an outer rod (60) and one or more inner rods (70, 80) which are adjustable between a retracted position and an extended position in which the rods are connected via connecting portions (62 , 72) are interconnected,
characterized in that at least one locking element (64, 74) is arranged at the connecting regions (62, 72). Telescopic linkage according to claim 16,
characterized in that the connecting portions (62, 72) are disposed at the free ends of the rods and
that for guidance and position positioning exclusively the connection areas (62, 72) are processed. Telescopic linkage according to claim 16 or 17,
characterized in that rods are closed tubes (61, 71) and
in that sealing elements (76) are arranged on the connecting regions (72).

Images