EP1579469A2 - Micro-wave tube with mechanical frequency tuning - Google Patents

Micro-wave tube with mechanical frequency tuning

Info

Publication number
EP1579469A2
EP1579469A2 EP03760787A EP03760787A EP1579469A2 EP 1579469 A2 EP1579469 A2 EP 1579469A2 EP 03760787 A EP03760787 A EP 03760787A EP 03760787 A EP03760787 A EP 03760787A EP 1579469 A2 EP1579469 A2 EP 1579469A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
rings
ring
moving
slots
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03760787A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1579469B1 (en
Inventor
Jehan Vanpoperynghe
Jean-Paul Prulhiere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP1579469A2 publication Critical patent/EP1579469A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1579469B1 publication Critical patent/EP1579469B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/18—Resonators
    • H01J23/20—Cavity resonators; Adjustment or tuning thereof
    • H01J23/207—Tuning of single resonator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microwave tube with mechanical frequency tuning.
  • the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of electronic tubes making it possible to generate and / or amplify radioelectric signals.
  • the principle of a microwave tube according to the prior art is shown in Figure 1.
  • the microwave tube comprises: an electron source consisting of an emission cathode K and an electron gun of anodes CA to form an electron beam F, a focusing coil L producing a continuous axial magnetic field B bathing the electron beam so as to avoid its expansion by mutual repulsion between electrons, - a microwave structure H placed near the beam and. capable of generating, propagating and amplifying an electromagnetic wave, and a collector C to collect the electrons after interaction with the wave.
  • TOP traveling wave tubes
  • BO type tubes Back Ward Oscillator
  • klystrons magnetrons
  • carcinotrons masers etc.
  • a BWO type tube comprises an insert I and a periodic structure P.
  • a distance d defines the period of the periodic structure.
  • a BWO type microwave tube is optimized for a single frequency F. It is therefore only effective in a very narrow frequency band ⁇ F, and all the more narrower when the output power is large (typically ⁇ F / F ⁇ 5%).
  • the microwave tubes mentioned above are optimized to work at a fixed frequency and the known means for varying the frequency of the tube always lead to a significant deterioration in the performance of the tube. The invention does not have this drawback.
  • the invention relates to a microwave tube for generating an electromagnetic wave of frequency F, characterized in that it comprises mechanical means for varying the frequency F consisting of a set of rings defining a periodic structure inside the tube, and mechanical means for moving the rings relative to each other while maintaining a periodicity in the periodic structure during the movement of the rings.
  • the mechanical means for moving the rings comprise a set of electrical contacts between the rings, at least one lead screw, a set of nuts mounted on the lead screw, a set of rods, each rod securely connecting a nut to a ring, the tube being provided with at least one slot allowing the passage of rods in the wall of the tube, the lead screw comprising several sectors of different pitches capable of maintaining a periodicity between the rings during 'a rotation of the mother screw.
  • mechanical means for moving the rings comprise a set of electrical contacts between the rings, at least one assembly of pins, each pin being fixedly connected to a ring, the tube being provided at least one longitudinal slot allowing the passage of the lugs in the wall of the tube, an outer ring to the tube comprising at least one set of slots, each slot of the outer ring allowing the passage of at least one lug, the slots d 'a set of slots having a different inclination for each ring to maintain a periodicity to the different rings when moving the rings.
  • the mechanical means for varying the frequency F therefore comprise at least one longitudinal slot made in the tube and allowing the passage of drive means for all of the rings.
  • the microwave tube according to the invention is a TOP, a tube of the BWO type, a klystron, a magnetron, a carcinatron or a maser.
  • the periodic structure of the microwave tube is made of corrugated sheet.
  • the invention has the advantage of being able to vary the frequency F of the electromagnetic wave emitted over a wide range of variation, namely several tens of percent, while retaining the amplification performance of the electromagnetic wave existing in power sources working at fixed frequency.
  • the invention advantageously applies to any source of radioelectric power consisting of an electron beam circulating through a structure comprising periodic or non-periodic variations in shape.
  • the integrated source according to the invention comprises a periodic wavy geometric structure which makes it possible to obtain a frequency variation by a mechanical process allowing either a modification of the pitch of the periodic structure constituted, for example, of corrugated sheet, or a variation of the length of an insert, or a combination of the two structures.
  • This integrated system advantageously allows rapid modulation of the parameters that are the frequency and the power of the radiofrequency signal.
  • the system is easily automated and able to be controlled quickly from the outside, without having to modify the operation of the electron beam.
  • This integrated system is particularly well suited to BWO type microwave tubes. It then replaces the periodic structures in place and / or the inserts. It is also easily adaptable to other types of tubes. It can also be combined with other systems designed to allow variation of the signal output frequency. It then advantageously makes it possible to increase the efficiency and the operating range of the system.
  • the frequency radiated by a tube according to the invention can advantageously be chosen within a significant range, for example several tens of%, without collapse of the output power, the other parameters of the tube (such as, for example, the voltage and the current of the electron beam) not being modified.
  • FIG. 1 represents a principle diagram of microwave tube according to known art
  • FIG. 2 represents a block diagram of a BWO tube according to known art
  • - Figures 3A and 3B show a first embodiment of microwave tube according to the invention
  • Figures 4A and 4B show a second embodiment of microwave tube according to the invention.
  • a first embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 3A and 3B.
  • the electromechanical structure for adjusting the frequency of the microwave tube comprises a fixed part and a mobile part.
  • the fixed part consists of the longitudinal wall 3 of the tube in which is formed at least one guide slot G.
  • the mobile part comprises: at least one mother screw 4, nuts 5 mounted on the mother screw 4, a set of rods 6 and a set of rings (for example four rings A, B, C, D), each rod 6 securely connecting a nut to a ring, the rings being mounted inside the wall 3 of the tube, electrical contacts 2 between the rings.
  • the guide slot (s) G allow the rods 6 to pass through the longitudinal wall 3 of the tube in order to connect the nuts 5 to the rings.
  • a ring seen in section (cf. figures) is, for example, profiled like a ja te.
  • the lead screw When adjusting the frequency, the lead screw is rotated, which drives the nuts 5, the rods 6, the rings A, B, C, D and the electrical contacts 2 in a translational movement.
  • the ring A can be connected to a mechanical part p which can then slide in the tube 3.
  • the mother screw 4 is in one piece. It consists of several different threading areas adapted to each of the nuts 5.
  • a single lead screw is theoretically sufficient for the implementation of the invention.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates the case where the device comprises two lead screws. The second screw, when used, must then rotate in perfect synchronism with the first mother screw. The quality of the translation of the rings is thereby improved due to the symmetrization of the points of application of the movement.
  • a lead screw has several sectors of different pitch to keep the system, during the rotation of the lead screw, the same distance between the vertices of the periodic corrugated structure that constitute the rings.
  • L (AB) be the distance between rings A and B
  • L (BC) the distance between rings B and C
  • L (CD) the distance between rings C and D.
  • Figures 4A and 4B show a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the variation in the periodicity of the rings is based on the rotation of a ring fitted with slots inside which pins can be moved connected to the periodic corrugated structures.
  • the inclination of these slots is such that it makes it possible to maintain a periodicity.
  • the tube 3 is the same as that of the previous assembly.
  • Each ring placed inside the tube 3 is integral with a lug 7.
  • a lug 7 moves inside two slots located on two independent parts, namely the fixed tube 3 and an outer ring 8.
  • a first slot 9 placed on the fixed tube 3 only authorizes translational movements of the rings in the longitudinal direction of the tube.
  • a set of slots 10, placed on the outer ring 8, make it possible to fix the extent of the variations in the period of the periodic structure.
  • the slots 10 correspond to the different pitches of the mother screw 4 of the assembly previous and performs the same function.
  • the slots 10 have a different inclination for each ring in order to maintain, when the rings are moved, a periodicity for the different rings.
  • the outer ring 8 can therefore here be assimilated to a set of screw-mother / nut pairs of the device according to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the tube 3 comprises only a single longitudinal slot 9 and the outer ring 8 comprises only a single set of slots 10.
  • the invention also relates to the case where the tube 3 comprises, for example, two longitudinal slots 9, the two longitudinal slots then being arranged symmetrically on the tube 3, and where the outer ring then comprises two sets of slots 10, the second set of slots 10 being associated with the second longitudinal slot for moving the rings according to the principle of the invention.
  • the mechanism according to the invention can be automated, can be controlled quickly from the outside and at will without modifying the operation of the electron beam.
  • the microwave tube can also include an insert whose length can be adjusted. Such an adjustment is implemented by the displacement of a second tube in the tube 3, with conservation of the electrical continuity. This improvement is not used per se to vary the frequency of the tube. It can allow, for example, to adapt the total length of the tube (insert + periodic structure) to variations in length of the periodic structure.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Length-Measuring Devices Using Wave Or Particle Radiation (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to a microwave tube ( 3 ) for generation of an electromagnetic wave with frequency F, the tube comprises mechanical means for varying the frequency F composed of a set of rings (A, B, C, D) defining a periodic structure inside the tube and mechanical means ( 4, 5, 2, G) for displacing rings with respect to each other while maintaining a periodicity for periodic structure during displacement of the rings.

Description

TUBE MICRO-ONDE A ACCORD MECANIQUE DE FREQUENCE MICROWAVE TUBE WITH MECHANICAL FREQUENCY TUNING
Domaine technique et art antérieurTechnical field and prior art
L'invention concerne un tube micro-onde à accord mécanique de fréquence .The invention relates to a microwave tube with mechanical frequency tuning.
L'invention trouve une application particulièrement avantageuse dans le domaine des tubes électroniques permettant de générer et/ou d'amplifier des signaux radioélectriques . Le principe d'un tube micro-onde selon l'art connu est représenté en figure 1. Le tube micro-onde comprend : une source d'électrons constituée d'une cathode d'émission K et d'un canon à électrons d'anodes CA pour former un faisceau d'électrons F, une bobine de focalisation L produisant un champ magnétique B continu axial baignant le faisceau d'électrons de façon à éviter son expansion par répulsion mutuelle entre électrons, - une structure hyperfréquence H placée à proximité du faisceau et . capable de générer, propager et amplifier une onde électromagnétique, et un collecteur C pour recueillir les électrons après interaction avec l'onde. De nombreuses familles de tubes appliquent le principe de fonctionnement décrit ci-dessus, comme, par exemple, les tubes à onde progressive (TOP) , les tubes de type B O (Back Ward Oscillator) , les klystrons, les magnétrons, les carcinotrons, les masers etc. Ces tubes peuvent fonctionner en mode mono-coupThe invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of electronic tubes making it possible to generate and / or amplify radioelectric signals. The principle of a microwave tube according to the prior art is shown in Figure 1. The microwave tube comprises: an electron source consisting of an emission cathode K and an electron gun of anodes CA to form an electron beam F, a focusing coil L producing a continuous axial magnetic field B bathing the electron beam so as to avoid its expansion by mutual repulsion between electrons, - a microwave structure H placed near the beam and. capable of generating, propagating and amplifying an electromagnetic wave, and a collector C to collect the electrons after interaction with the wave. Many families of tubes apply the operating principle described above, such as, for example, traveling wave tubes (TOP), BO type tubes (Back Ward Oscillator), klystrons, magnetrons, carcinotrons, masers etc. These tubes can operate in single stroke mode
(une seule impulsion) ou en mode récurrent (train d' impulsions) .(single pulse) or in recurrent mode (train pulses).
Pour fournir de très grandes puissances, les concepteurs utilisent des structures périodiques et/ou des cavités qui permettent d'obtenir de fortes amplifications. Parmi ces structures, il y a les tubes de type BWO dont le schéma de principe est donné en figure 2. Un tube de type BWO comprend un insert I et une structure périodique P. Une distance d définit la période de la structure périodique. Un tube micro-onde de type BWO est optimisé pour une fréquence F unique. Il n'est donc efficace que dans une bande de fréquence ΔF très étroite, et d'autant plus étroite que la puissance de sortie est importante (typiquement ΔF/F <5 %) . De façon générale, les tubes micro-onde mentionnés ci-dessus sont optimisés pour travailler à une fréquence fixe et les moyens connus pour faire varier la fréquence du tube conduisent toujours à une dégradation importante des performances du tube. L'invention ne présente pas cet inconvénient.To provide very high powers, the designers use periodic structures and / or cavities which make it possible to obtain strong amplifications. Among these structures, there are BWO type tubes, the principle diagram of which is given in FIG. 2. A BWO type tube comprises an insert I and a periodic structure P. A distance d defines the period of the periodic structure. A BWO type microwave tube is optimized for a single frequency F. It is therefore only effective in a very narrow frequency band ΔF, and all the more narrower when the output power is large (typically ΔF / F <5%). In general, the microwave tubes mentioned above are optimized to work at a fixed frequency and the known means for varying the frequency of the tube always lead to a significant deterioration in the performance of the tube. The invention does not have this drawback.
Exposé de l' inventionStatement of the invention
En effet, l'invention concerne un tube microonde pour la génération d'une onde électromagnétique de fréquence F, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens mécaniques pour faire varier la fréquence F constitués d'un ensemble d'anneaux définissant une structure périodique à l'intérieur du tube, et de moyens mécaniques pour déplacer les anneaux les uns par rapport aux autres tout en maintenant une périodicité à la structure périodique lors du déplacement des anneaux.Indeed, the invention relates to a microwave tube for generating an electromagnetic wave of frequency F, characterized in that it comprises mechanical means for varying the frequency F consisting of a set of rings defining a periodic structure inside the tube, and mechanical means for moving the rings relative to each other while maintaining a periodicity in the periodic structure during the movement of the rings.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens mécaniques pour déplacer les anneaux comprennent un ensemble de contacts électriques entre les anneaux, au moins une vis mère, un ensemble d'écrous montés sur la vis mère, un ensemble de tiges, chaque tige reliant solidement un écrou à un anneau, le tube étant muni d'au moins une fente permettant le passage de tiges dans la paroi du tube, la vis mère comportant plusieurs secteurs de pas différents aptes à conserver une périodicité entre les anneaux lors d'une rotation de la vis mère.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the mechanical means for moving the rings comprise a set of electrical contacts between the rings, at least one lead screw, a set of nuts mounted on the lead screw, a set of rods, each rod securely connecting a nut to a ring, the tube being provided with at least one slot allowing the passage of rods in the wall of the tube, the lead screw comprising several sectors of different pitches capable of maintaining a periodicity between the rings during 'a rotation of the mother screw.
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens mécaniques pour déplacer les anneaux comprennent un ensemble de contacts électriques entre les anneaux, au moins un 'ensemble d'ergots, chaque ergot étant solidement relié à un anneau, le tube étant muni d'au moins une fente longitudinale permettant le passage des ergots dans la paroi du tube, une bague externe au tube comprenant au moins un ensemble de fentes, chaque fente de la bague externe permettant le passage d'au moins un ergot, les fentes d'un ensemble de fentes ayant une inclinaison différente pour chaque anneau afin de conserver une périodicité aux différents anneaux lors du déplacement des anneaux.According to a second embodiment of the invention, mechanical means for moving the rings comprise a set of electrical contacts between the rings, at least one assembly of pins, each pin being fixedly connected to a ring, the tube being provided at least one longitudinal slot allowing the passage of the lugs in the wall of the tube, an outer ring to the tube comprising at least one set of slots, each slot of the outer ring allowing the passage of at least one lug, the slots d 'a set of slots having a different inclination for each ring to maintain a periodicity to the different rings when moving the rings.
Avantageusement, quel que soit le mode de réalisation de 1 ' invention, les moyens mécaniques pour faire varier la fréquence F comprennent donc au moins une fente longitudinale pratiquée dans le tube et permettant le passage de moyens d'entraînement de l'ensemble des anneaux.Advantageously, whatever the embodiment of the invention, the mechanical means for varying the frequency F therefore comprise at least one longitudinal slot made in the tube and allowing the passage of drive means for all of the rings.
Selon une caractéristique supplémentaire, le tube micro-onde selon l'invention est un TOP, un tube de type BWO, un klystron, un magnétron, un carcinatron ou un maser.According to an additional characteristic, the microwave tube according to the invention is a TOP, a tube of the BWO type, a klystron, a magnetron, a carcinatron or a maser.
Selon encore une caractéristique supplémentaire de l'invention, la structure périodique du tube microonde est en tôle ondulée. L'invention présente l'avantage de pouvoir faire varier la fréquence F de l'onde électromagnétique émise dans une importante plage de variation, à savoir plusieurs dizaines de pour cent, tout en conservant les performances d'amplification de l'onde électromagnétique existant dans les sources de puissance travaillant à fréquence fixe.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the periodic structure of the microwave tube is made of corrugated sheet. The invention has the advantage of being able to vary the frequency F of the electromagnetic wave emitted over a wide range of variation, namely several tens of percent, while retaining the amplification performance of the electromagnetic wave existing in power sources working at fixed frequency.
L'invention s'applique avantageusement à toute source de puissance radioélectrique constituée d'un faisceau d'électrons circulant à travers une structure comportant des variations de forme périodiques ou non périodiques.The invention advantageously applies to any source of radioelectric power consisting of an electron beam circulating through a structure comprising periodic or non-periodic variations in shape.
La source intégrée selon l'invention comprend une structure géométrique ondulée périodique qui permet d'obtenir une variation de fréquence par un procédé mécanique permettant soit une modification du pas de la structure périodique constituée, par exemple, de tôle ondulée, soit une variation de la longueur d'un insert, soit encore d'une combinaison des deux structures.The integrated source according to the invention comprises a periodic wavy geometric structure which makes it possible to obtain a frequency variation by a mechanical process allowing either a modification of the pitch of the periodic structure constituted, for example, of corrugated sheet, or a variation of the length of an insert, or a combination of the two structures.
Ce système intégré permet avantageusement une modulation rapide des paramètres que sont la fréquence et la puissance du signal radiofréquence. Le système est facilement automatisable et apte à être commandé rapidement de l'extérieur, sans avoir à modifier le fonctionnement du faisceau d'électrons.This integrated system advantageously allows rapid modulation of the parameters that are the frequency and the power of the radiofrequency signal. The system is easily automated and able to be controlled quickly from the outside, without having to modify the operation of the electron beam.
Ce système intégré est particulièrement bien adaptable aux tubes hyperfréquence de type BWO. Il remplace alors les structures périodiques en place et/ou les inserts. Il est également facilement adaptable à d'autres types de tubes. Il peut également être associé à d'autres systèmes prévus pour permettre une variation de la fréquence de sortie d'un signal. Il permet alors avantageusement d'accroître l'efficacité et le domaine de fonctionnement du système.This integrated system is particularly well suited to BWO type microwave tubes. It then replaces the periodic structures in place and / or the inserts. It is also easily adaptable to other types of tubes. It can also be combined with other systems designed to allow variation of the signal output frequency. It then advantageously makes it possible to increase the efficiency and the operating range of the system.
La fréquence rayonnée par un tube selon l'invention peut avantageusement être choisie dans une plage significative, par exemple plusieurs dizaines de %, sans écroulement de la puissance de sortie, les autres paramètres du tube (tels que, par exemple, la tension et le courant du faisceau d'électrons) n'étant pas modifiés.The frequency radiated by a tube according to the invention can advantageously be chosen within a significant range, for example several tens of%, without collapse of the output power, the other parameters of the tube (such as, for example, the voltage and the current of the electron beam) not being modified.
Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture d'un mode de réalisation préférentiel fait en référence aux figures jointes, parmi lesquelles : la figure 1 représente un schéma de principe de tube micro-onde selon l'art connu ; la figure 2 représente un schéma de principe de tube BWO selon 1 ' art connu ; - les figures 3A et 3B représentent un premier mode de réalisation de tube micro-onde selon l'invention ; les figures 4A et 4B représentent un deuxième mode de réalisation de tube micro-onde selon l'invention.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading a preferred embodiment made with reference to the appended figures, among which: FIG. 1 represents a principle diagram of microwave tube according to known art; FIG. 2 represents a block diagram of a BWO tube according to known art; - Figures 3A and 3B show a first embodiment of microwave tube according to the invention; Figures 4A and 4B show a second embodiment of microwave tube according to the invention.
Sur toutes les figures, les mêmes repères désignent les mêmes éléments.In all the figures, the same references designate the same elements.
Description détaillée de modes de mise en œuyre de 1' inventionDetailed description of methods of implementing the invention
Un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention est représenté aux figures 3A et 3B. La structure électromécanique de réglage de la fréquence du tube micro-onde comprend une partie fixe et une partie mobile.A first embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 3A and 3B. The electromechanical structure for adjusting the frequency of the microwave tube comprises a fixed part and a mobile part.
La partie fixe est constituée de la paroi longitudinale 3 du tube dans laquelle est pratiquée au moins une fente de guidage G.The fixed part consists of the longitudinal wall 3 of the tube in which is formed at least one guide slot G.
La partie mobile comprend : au moins une vis mère 4, des écrous 5 montés sur la vis mère 4, un ensemble de tiges 6 et un ensemble d'anneaux (par exemple quatre anneaux A, B, C, D) , chaque tige 6 reliant solidement un écrou à un anneau, les anneaux étant montés à l'intérieur de la paroi 3 du tube, des contacts électriques 2 entre les anneaux.The mobile part comprises: at least one mother screw 4, nuts 5 mounted on the mother screw 4, a set of rods 6 and a set of rings (for example four rings A, B, C, D), each rod 6 securely connecting a nut to a ring, the rings being mounted inside the wall 3 of the tube, electrical contacts 2 between the rings.
La ou les fentes de guidage G permettent le passage des tiges 6 dans la paroi longitudinale 3 du tube afin de relier les écrous 5 aux anneaux. Un anneau vu en coupe (cf. figures) est, par exemple, profilé comme une ja te .The guide slot (s) G allow the rods 6 to pass through the longitudinal wall 3 of the tube in order to connect the nuts 5 to the rings. A ring seen in section (cf. figures) is, for example, profiled like a ja te.
Lors du réglage de la fréquence, la vis mère est animée d'un mouvement de rotation, lequel entraîne les écrous 5, les tiges 6, les anneaux A, B, C, D et les contacts électriques 2 dans un mouvement de translation. Selon une variante du premier mode de réalisation, l'anneau A peut être relié à une pièce mécanique p qui peut alors coulisser dans le tube 3.When adjusting the frequency, the lead screw is rotated, which drives the nuts 5, the rods 6, the rings A, B, C, D and the electrical contacts 2 in a translational movement. According to a variant of the first embodiment, the ring A can be connected to a mechanical part p which can then slide in the tube 3.
La vis mère 4 est monobloc. Elle est constituée de plusieurs plages de filetages différents adaptés à chacun des écrous 5. Une seule vis mère est théoriquement suffisante à la mise en œuvre de l'invention. A titre d'exemple non limitatif, la figure 3A illustre le cas où le dispositif comprend deux vis mères. La deuxième vis, quand elle est utilisée, doit alors tourner en synchronisme parfait avec la première vis mère. La qualité de la translation des anneaux s'en trouve améliorée du fait de la symétrisation des points d'applications du mouvement.The mother screw 4 is in one piece. It consists of several different threading areas adapted to each of the nuts 5. A single lead screw is theoretically sufficient for the implementation of the invention. By way of nonlimiting example, FIG. 3A illustrates the case where the device comprises two lead screws. The second screw, when used, must then rotate in perfect synchronism with the first mother screw. The quality of the translation of the rings is thereby improved due to the symmetrization of the points of application of the movement.
Une vis mère comporte plusieurs secteurs de pas différents pour conserver au système, lors de la rotation de la vis mère, une même distance entre les sommets de la structure ondulée périodique que constituent les anneaux.A lead screw has several sectors of different pitch to keep the system, during the rotation of the lead screw, the same distance between the vertices of the periodic corrugated structure that constitute the rings.
Soit L(AB) la distance entre les anneaux A et B, L(BC) la distance entre les anneaux B et C et L(CD) la distance entre les anneaux C et D.Let L (AB) be the distance between rings A and B, L (BC) the distance between rings B and C and L (CD) the distance between rings C and D.
Soit (a) le pas de l'écrou solidaire de l'anneau A, (2a) le pas de l'écrou solidaire de l'anneau B, (3a) le pas de l'écrou solidaire de l'anneau C, (4a) le pas de l'écrou solidaire deLet (a) be the pitch of the nut secured to the ring A, (2a) the pitch of the nut secured to the ring B, (3a) the pitch of the nut secured to the ring C, ( 4a) the pitch of the nut secured to
1' anneau D.1 ring D.
Lorsque la vis mère tourne de 180° , l'anneau A se déplace de (3,1416) x (a), l'anneau B se déplace de (3,1416) x (2a), l'anneau C se déplace de (3,1416) x (3a) , l ' anneau D se déplace de ( 3 , 1416 ) x (4a) . Il vient :When the lead screw rotates 180 °, the ring A moves by (3.1416) x (a), the ring B moves by (3.1416) x (2a), the ring C moves by (3.1416) x (3a), the ring D moves by (3, 1416) x (4a). He comes :
L (AB) = (3 , 1416) (2a-a) = (3 , 1416) a,L (AB) = (3, 1416) (2a-a) = (3, 1416) a,
L(BC) = (3,1416) (3a-2a) = (3,l416)a, L(CD) = (3,1416) (4a-3a) = (3 , 1416) a .L (BC) = (3.1416) (3a-2a) = (3.1416) a, L (CD) = (3.1416) (4a-3a) = (3.11416) a.
Il s'en suit que :It follows that:
L(AB)=L(BC)=L(CD)=(3,1416)a, la périodicité de la structure est conservée. Elle varie linéairement en fonction de la rotation de la vis.L (AB) = L (BC) = L (CD) = (3.1416) a, the periodicity of the structure is preserved. It varies linearly depending on the rotation of the screw.
Les figures 4A et 4B représentent un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.Figures 4A and 4B show a second embodiment of the invention.
Selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la variation de la périodicité des anneaux est basée sur la rotation d'une bague équipée de fentes à l'intérieur desquelles peuvent se déplacer des ergots reliés aux structures ondulées périodiques. L'inclinaison de ces fentes est telle qu'elle permet de conserver une périodicité. Le tube 3 est le même que celui du montage précédent. Chaque anneau placé à l'intérieur du tube 3 est solidaire d'un ergot 7. Un ergot 7 se déplace à l'intérieur de deux fentes situées sur deux pièces indépendantes, à savoir le tube fixe 3 et une bague externe 8. Une première fente 9 placée sur le tube fixe 3 n'autorise que des mouvements de translation des anneaux dans la direction longitudinale du tube. Un ensemble de fentes 10, placées sur la bague externe 8, permettent de fixer l'étendue des variations de la période de la structure périodique. Elles correspondent aux différents pas de la vis mère 4 du montage précédent et assure la même fonction. Les fentes 10 ont une inclinaison différente pour chaque anneau afin de conserver, lors du déplacement des anneaux, une périodicité aux différents anneaux. II y a, sur la bague externe 8, autant de couples de fentes 9, 10 et d'ergots 7 que d'anneaux à déplacer à l'intérieur du tube 3.According to the second embodiment of the invention, the variation in the periodicity of the rings is based on the rotation of a ring fitted with slots inside which pins can be moved connected to the periodic corrugated structures. The inclination of these slots is such that it makes it possible to maintain a periodicity. The tube 3 is the same as that of the previous assembly. Each ring placed inside the tube 3 is integral with a lug 7. A lug 7 moves inside two slots located on two independent parts, namely the fixed tube 3 and an outer ring 8. A first slot 9 placed on the fixed tube 3 only authorizes translational movements of the rings in the longitudinal direction of the tube. A set of slots 10, placed on the outer ring 8, make it possible to fix the extent of the variations in the period of the periodic structure. They correspond to the different pitches of the mother screw 4 of the assembly previous and performs the same function. The slots 10 have a different inclination for each ring in order to maintain, when the rings are moved, a periodicity for the different rings. There are as many pairs of slots 9, 10 and lugs 7 on the outer ring 8 as there are rings to be moved inside the tube 3.
La bague externe 8 peut donc ici être assimilée à un ensemble de couples vis-mère/écrous du dispositif selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.The outer ring 8 can therefore here be assimilated to a set of screw-mother / nut pairs of the device according to the first embodiment of the invention.
Selon le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 4A et 4B, le tube 3 ne comprend qu'une seule fente longitudinale 9 et la bague externe 8 ne comprend qu'un seul ensemble de fentes 10. L'invention concerne également le cas où le tube 3 comprend, par exemple, deux fentes longitudinales 9, les deux fentes longitudinales étant alors disposées de façon symétrique sur le tube 3 , et où la bague externe comprend alors deux ensembles de fentes 10, le deuxième ensemble de fentes 10 étant associé à la deuxième fente longitudinale pour assurer le déplacement des anneaux selon le principe de l'invention.According to the embodiment shown in Figures 4A and 4B, the tube 3 comprises only a single longitudinal slot 9 and the outer ring 8 comprises only a single set of slots 10. The invention also relates to the case where the tube 3 comprises, for example, two longitudinal slots 9, the two longitudinal slots then being arranged symmetrically on the tube 3, and where the outer ring then comprises two sets of slots 10, the second set of slots 10 being associated with the second longitudinal slot for moving the rings according to the principle of the invention.
Quel que soit son mode de réalisation, le mécanisme selon l'invention est automatisable, pilotable rapidement de l'extérieur et à volonté sans modifier le fonctionnement du faisceau d'électrons.Whatever its embodiment, the mechanism according to the invention can be automated, can be controlled quickly from the outside and at will without modifying the operation of the electron beam.
Les deux modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus ne sont donnés qu'à titre d'exemples. Tout système mécanique permettant de faire varier rapidement la position des anneaux à l'intérieur du tube tout en maintenant une périodicité des anneaux peut également convenir .The two embodiments described above are given only by way of examples. Any mechanical system allowing the position of the rings to be varied quickly inside the tube while maintaining the rings' periodicity can also suit .
Les deux modes de réalisation de l'invention décrits ci-dessus peuvent facilement être couplés à des moteurs pas à pas, à des vérins placés soit à l'intérieur du tube, soit à l'extérieur du tube (les mouvements étant alors effectués par l'intermédiaire de passages étanches) . Le système selon l'invention peut être adapté à plusieurs catégories de sources, sans remise en cause du principe de base. Selon un perfectionnement de l'invention, le tube micro-onde peut également comporter un insert dont la longueur peut être ajustée. Un tel ajustement est mis en œuvre par le déplacement d'un deuxième tube dans le tube 3, avec conservation de la continuité électrique. Ce perfectionnement n'est pas utilisé en soi pour faire varier la fréquence du tube. Il peut permettre, par exemple, d'adapter la longueur totale du tube (insert + structure périodique) aux variations de longueur de la structure périodique . The two embodiments of the invention described above can easily be coupled to stepping motors, to jacks placed either inside the tube or outside the tube (the movements then being carried out by through watertight passages). The system according to the invention can be adapted to several categories of sources, without calling into question the basic principle. According to an improvement of the invention, the microwave tube can also include an insert whose length can be adjusted. Such an adjustment is implemented by the displacement of a second tube in the tube 3, with conservation of the electrical continuity. This improvement is not used per se to vary the frequency of the tube. It can allow, for example, to adapt the total length of the tube (insert + periodic structure) to variations in length of the periodic structure.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Tube micro-onde (3) pour la génération d'une onde électromagnétique de fréquence F, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens mécaniques pour faire varier la fréquence F constitués d'un ensemble d'anneaux (A, B, C, D) définissant une structure périodique à l'intérieur du tube, et de moyens mécaniques (4, 5, 2, G ; 7, 8, 9, 10) pour déplacer les anneaux les uns par rapport aux autres tout en maintenant une périodicité à la structure périodique lors du déplacement des anneaux.1. Microwave tube (3) for generating an electromagnetic wave of frequency F, characterized in that it comprises mechanical means for varying the frequency F consisting of a set of rings (A, B, C, D) defining a periodic structure inside the tube, and mechanical means (4, 5, 2, G; 7, 8, 9, 10) for moving the rings relative to each other while maintaining a periodicity to the periodic structure when moving the rings.
2. Tube micro-onde (3) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens mécaniques pour déplacer les anneaux comprennent- un ensemble de contacts électriques (2) entre les anneaux, au moins une vis mère (4) , un ensemble d' écrous (5) montés sur la vis mère, un ensemble de tiges (6) , chaque tige reliant solidement un écrou à un anneau, le tube (3) étant muni d'au moins une fente (G) permettant le passage de tiges (6) dans la paroi du tube, la vis mère (4) comportant plusieurs secteurs de pas différents aptes à conserver une périodicité entre les anneaux lors d'une rotation de la vis mère .2. Microwave tube (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical means for moving the rings comprise- a set of electrical contacts (2) between the rings, at least one lead screw (4), a set nuts (5) mounted on the mother screw, a set of rods (6), each rod securely connecting a nut to a ring, the tube (3) being provided with at least one slot (G) allowing the passage of rods (6) in the wall of the tube, the mother screw (4) comprising several sectors of different pitches capable of maintaining a periodicity between the rings during a rotation of the mother screw.
3. Tube micro-onde (3) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens mécaniques pour déplacer les anneaux comprennent un ensemble de contacts électriques (2) entre les anneaux, un ensemble d'ergots (7), chaque ergot étant solidement relié à un anneau, le tube (3) étant muni d'au moins une fente (9) longitudinale permettant le passage des ergots (7) dans la paroi du tube, une bague externe (8) au tube comprenant un ensemble de fentes3. Microwave tube (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical means for moving the rings comprise a set of electrical contacts (2) between the rings, a set of lugs (7), each lug being firmly connected to a ring, the tube (3) being provided with at least one longitudinal slot (9) allowing the lugs (7) to pass through the wall of the tube, a ring external (8) to the tube comprising a set of slots
(10) , chaque fente (10) de la bague externe (8) permettant le passage d'un ergot (7) , les fentes de l'ensemble de fentes ayant une inclinaison différente pour chaque anneau afin de conserver une périodicité aux différents anneaux lors du déplacement des anneaux.(10), each slot (10) of the outer ring (8) allowing the passage of a lug (7), the slots of the set of slots having a different inclination for each ring in order to maintain a periodicity at the different rings when moving the rings.
4. Tube micro-onde selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que c'est un TOP, un tube de type BWO, un klystron, un magnétron, un carcinatron ou un maser.4. Microwave tube according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a TOP, a tube of BWO type, a klystron, a magnetron, a carcinatron or a maser.
5. Tube micro-onde selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la structure périodique est en tôle ondulée.5. Microwave tube according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the periodic structure is made of corrugated sheet.
6. Tube micro-onde selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un insert dont la longueur peut être ajustée. 6. Microwave tube according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an insert whose length can be adjusted.
EP03760787A 2002-06-25 2003-06-25 Micro-wave tube with mechanical frequency tuning Expired - Lifetime EP1579469B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0207849A FR2841379B1 (en) 2002-06-25 2002-06-25 MICROWAVE TUBE WITH MECHANICAL ACCELERATION OF FREQUENCY
FR0207849 2002-06-25
PCT/FR2003/001960 WO2004001787A2 (en) 2002-06-25 2003-06-25 Micro-wave tube with mechanical frequency tuning

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1579469A2 true EP1579469A2 (en) 2005-09-28
EP1579469B1 EP1579469B1 (en) 2011-08-03

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EP (1) EP1579469B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE519217T1 (en)
FR (1) FR2841379B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004001787A2 (en)

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US20080221650A1 (en) * 2006-08-04 2008-09-11 Turner Paul F Microwave applicator with adjustable heating length
US8621435B2 (en) * 2009-12-23 2013-12-31 Microsoft Corporation Time debugging
GB201000156D0 (en) 2010-01-07 2010-02-24 Gas2 Ltd Isothermal reactor for partial oxidisation of methane
GB201112024D0 (en) 2011-07-13 2011-08-31 Gas2 Ltd Isothermal reactor for partial oxidation of methane
CN110686574B (en) * 2019-09-09 2021-06-01 电子科技大学 Microwave ignition test device

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US2658393A (en) * 1945-12-10 1953-11-10 John P Woods Mechanical tuning device
US2853647A (en) * 1954-03-24 1958-09-23 Litton Industries Inc Tunable cavity resonator electron discharge device
US2945156A (en) * 1956-06-07 1960-07-12 Gen Electric Tunable high-frequency apparatus
DE2154745A1 (en) * 1971-11-04 1973-05-10 Philips Patentverwaltung FREQUENCY TUNING DEVICE OF A RESONATOR FOR A KLYSTRON
US4737738A (en) * 1987-05-11 1988-04-12 Agence Spatiale Europeenne Extended interaction device tuned by movable delay line structure
JPH0831724B2 (en) * 1988-02-10 1996-03-27 富士通株式会社 Microwave amplifier
IT1231526B (en) * 1989-06-09 1991-12-07 Selenia Ind Elettroniche PERIODIC STRUCTURE ELEMENT FOR APPLICATIONS IN THE MICROWAVE FIELD, IN PARTICULAR IN THE MICROWAVE TUBES

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Title
See references of WO2004001787A3 *

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WO2004001787A3 (en) 2006-03-02
FR2841379B1 (en) 2005-07-15
FR2841379A1 (en) 2003-12-26
EP1579469B1 (en) 2011-08-03
WO2004001787A2 (en) 2003-12-31
ATE519217T1 (en) 2011-08-15
US7456577B2 (en) 2008-11-25
US20060032446A1 (en) 2006-02-16

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