EP1577257A2 - Hydraulic lifting device for battery-powered industrial vehicle - Google Patents

Hydraulic lifting device for battery-powered industrial vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1577257A2
EP1577257A2 EP05004255A EP05004255A EP1577257A2 EP 1577257 A2 EP1577257 A2 EP 1577257A2 EP 05004255 A EP05004255 A EP 05004255A EP 05004255 A EP05004255 A EP 05004255A EP 1577257 A2 EP1577257 A2 EP 1577257A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lifting
load
hydraulic
valve
electric machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05004255A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1577257A3 (en
EP1577257B1 (en
Inventor
Nis-Georg Nissen
Thomas Stolten
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Jungheinrich AG
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Jungheinrich AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/161—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors with sensing of servomotor demand or load
    • F15B11/163—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors with sensing of servomotor demand or load for sharing the pump output equally amongst users or groups of users, e.g. using anti-saturation, pressure compensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/161—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors with sensing of servomotor demand or load
    • F15B11/165—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors with sensing of servomotor demand or load for adjusting the pump output or bypass in response to demand
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/20507—Type of prime mover
    • F15B2211/20515—Electric motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20538—Type of pump constant capacity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/25—Pressure control functions
    • F15B2211/253—Pressure margin control, e.g. pump pressure in relation to load pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
    • F15B2211/3053—In combination with a pressure compensating valve
    • F15B2211/30535—In combination with a pressure compensating valve the pressure compensating valve is arranged between pressure source and directional control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/505—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50509—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50536—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means using unloading valves controlling the supply pressure by diverting fluid to the return line

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic lifting device for battery-operated Forklift trucks according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a hydraulic lifting device has become known in which at least one hydraulic lifting cylinder is acted upon by a pump in load lifting operation which is driven by an electric machine.
  • the pump works as a hydraulic motor and drives the electric machine as generator on (benefit sinks).
  • Senkzweig is a hydraulic flow restrictor arranged at which in certain operating points, the total hydraulic pressure falls off and which takes over the load attitude.
  • the Senkzweig is between a check valve and the input of the hydraulic pump connected. It is provided at least one secondary consumer, in the lowering operation of the lifting cylinder can be supplied with the medium of the lifting cylinder.
  • the electric machine is always operated in the same direction, and the other hydraulic consumer can be supplied directly with hydraulic energy from the sinking process, so that efficiency losses are minimized.
  • a speed control ensures a Load-independent control of the lowering speed both in regenerative mode Operation of the electric machine as well as in a control alone over a Valve assembly. Both the lifting and the lowering speed via a speed control of the electric machine. This can happen that the Lowering speed is undesirably high, if due to the high volume flow demand the additional consumer the speed of the electric Machine is increased accordingly.
  • a similar lifting device as that described is known from DE 100 10 870 C2 become.
  • a throttle valve and a pressure compensator are arranged, and a connection point between throttle valve and pressure compensator is with the input connected to the hydraulic pump, while the output of the pressure compensator to the tank is directed.
  • With the lifting device described is even with double operation, i.e. Energy recovery during the lowering process and supply of secondary consumers achieved a relatively good efficiency.
  • the invention is based on the object, a hydraulic lifting device for to create battery-operated trucks, with whatever the particular Volume flow requirements minimum flow losses can be achieved.
  • the lift valve in the lifting branch is downstream of the branch arranged the line to the secondary consumers.
  • the line is upstream of the Control valve connected via a pressure compensator with the tank.
  • the pressure compensator with the Pressure in the pressure line (in lifting mode) or pressure at the secondary consumer is driven in order to derive the excess unsolicited quantity (Load sensing).
  • an inlet pressure compensator is arranged upstream of the secondary consumer. Due to this design as a load-sensing system in conjunction with 2-way current controller (Inlet pressure compensator) for controlling the secondary consumer the possibility of several secondary functions simultaneously with pressure medium from the Supply load and their operating speed independently depending on the operation of the respective setpoint generator to regulate.
  • volumetric flow demand of one or more secondary consumers is greater than the volume flow rate available from the load lowering operation the speed control device that the speed of the electric machine is not around the theoretically resulting differential speed is increased.
  • the secondary consumers only as much volume flow is made available as from the Load lowering operation is available. This will cause an unwanted acceleration the lowering process avoided.
  • the sole figure shows a circuit diagram for a device according to the invention.
  • a hydraulic pump 5 can be seen, which with a electric machine 6 is coupled.
  • the electric machine is not powered by one
  • the speed control device shown in its speed controlled, the speed setpoint is specified via a speed setpoint generator, by an operator is operated in an industrial truck.
  • a Reach truck referred to, a lifting cylinder 1, a tilting cylinder 2, a side thrust cylinder 3 and a push cylinder 4 has.
  • the tilt cylinder the mast is tilted backwards or forwards, with the side thrust cylinder is the Load support laterally displaced, and with the push cylinder 4, the mast from Drive part continues on or on this moved forward, as is known.
  • the pump 5 provides the pressure medium for all consumers (main consumers Lifting cylinder 1 and secondary consumers 2 to 4) are available, wherein the pressure medium is sucked from a tank 19 via a check valve 17 in the tank line 7.
  • the individual valves with which the different consumers are controlled are housed in block 18.
  • a lift valve 7 and a check valve 20 are arranged in a pressure or lifting line 9 to the lifting cylinder 1.
  • the lifting speed is determined by the speed of the electric motor 6 and this in turn over the setpoint generator, not shown.
  • a Senkzweig 8 is between lifting cylinder 1 and connected to the check valve 20 in which a throttle valve 11 is arranged. The other end is connected to the tank line 7 between a check valve 17 and the Pump 5 connected.
  • a Branch line 10 connected to the pressure line 9. It serves to supply the mentioned auxiliary consumers.
  • two pressure compensators 15 to the Line 10 is connected, whose output is connected to a line 14, the each leads to a control valve 16.
  • the control valves 16 With the help of the control valves 16 is the Speed of the secondary consumers controlled. Tilting cylinder and side thrust cylinder are operated together via the control valve 16, via a another valve 22 whose position determines to which of the cylinders 2, 3 the Hydraulic medium flows.
  • a tank line 12 is connected, in which a pressure compensator 13 is arranged.
  • the hydraulic medium arrives Tank 19, wherein in the conduit 12, a filter 24 is arranged and parallel to this one Check valve 26.
  • a first shuttle valve 28 is at the ends in each case with the input of the control valves 16 connected.
  • the position of the valve ball depends on which pressure at the two Inputs the larger one is.
  • the shuttle valve is connected to the input of a second shuttle valve 30 connected to the other end with the pressure line 9 in Connection stands. Again, the position of the valve ball depends on which Pressure at the two inputs of the shuttle valve is the larger.
  • the middle of the second shuttle valve 30 is connected to a control input of the pressure compensator 13. In this way, a load-sensing system is created.
  • the operation of the arrangement shown is as follows. Working in lifting mode the hydraulic unit as a pump, and the lifting speed depends on the Specification by the operator via a setpoint generator. This will also the Opening width of the globe valve specified. Stepping during the lifting process Volume flow requirements of the secondary consumers, they are on the Branch line 10 also supplied with hydraulic medium, the amount by the control valves 16 is given, and the pressure compensators 15 ensure that this independent of load happens.
  • hydraulic medium passes through the throttle valve 11 Pump 5 and drives it, so that the electric machine 6 operate as a generator and can return power to the battery.
  • the hydraulic medium passes through the Branch 10 and the pressure compensator 13 to the tank 19, which happens almost lossless.
  • the globe valve 7 is naturally closed.
  • Occur volume flow requirements during the lowering process also in terms of Secondary consumers, these can also be supplied. Not needed Hydraulic medium is in turn returned via pressure compensator 13. Exceeds printing and volume flow from the load-lowering operation the pressure and volume flow demand one or more secondary consumers, so in addition to the supply of a or several secondary consumers in parallel generating regenerative excess Power from the load-lowering operation via pump and electric machine 6 possible. Secondary consumers can work independently in the load-lowering mode with pressure medium be supplied in response to the actuation of the control valves 16 or the associated setpoint generator to be controlled.

Abstract

The device has a hydraulic pump (5) coupled to an electric machine. The pump provides pressure medium being sucked from a tank for consumers. A lifting valve and a check valve (17) are disposed in a pressurizing or lifting conduit to a lifting cylinder. A lowering branch is connected between the lifting cylinder and the check valve. The lifting valve is disposed downstream from branching of a conduit.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine hydraulische Hubvorrichtung für batteriebetriebene Flurförderzeuge nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a hydraulic lifting device for battery-operated Forklift trucks according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Aus DE 44 02 653 C2 ist eine hydraulische Hubvorrichtung bekannt geworden, bei der mindestens ein hydraulischer Hubzylinder im Lasthebebetrieb von einer Pumpe beaufschlagt wird, welche von einer elektrischen Maschine angetrieben ist. Im Lastsenkbetrieb arbeitet die Pumpe als hydraulischer Motor und treibt die elektrische Maschine als Generator an (Nutzsenken). Im Senkzweig ist ein hydraulischer Volumenstrombegrenzer angeordnet, an dem in bestimmten Betriebspunkten der gesamte Hydraulikdruck abfällt und welcher die Lasthaltung übernimmt. Der Senkzweig ist zwischen einem Rückschlagventil und dem Eingang der Hydraulikpumpe angeschlossen. Es ist mindestens ein Nebenverbraucher vorgesehen, der im Senkbetrieb des Hubzylinders mit dem Medium des Hubzylinders versorgt werden kann. Die elektrische Maschine wird stets in gleicher Drehrichtung betrieben, und der weitere hydraulische Verbraucher kann direkt mit hydraulischer Energie aus dem Senkvorgang versorgt werden, so daß Wirkungsgradverluste minimiert sind. Eine Drehzahlregelung sorgt für eine lastunabhängige Steuerung der Senkgeschwindigkeit sowohl im generatorischen Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine als auch bei einer Steuerung allein über eine Ventilanordnung. Sowohl die Heben- als auch die Senkgeschwindigkeit erfolgt über eine Drehzahlregelung der elektrischen Maschine. Hierbei kann geschehen, daß die Senkgeschwindigkeit unerwünscht hoch wird, wenn aufgrund der hohen Volumenstromanforderung des zusätzlichen Verbrauchers die Drehzahl der elektrischen Maschine entsprechend erhöht wird.From DE 44 02 653 C2, a hydraulic lifting device has become known in which at least one hydraulic lifting cylinder is acted upon by a pump in load lifting operation which is driven by an electric machine. In load lowering mode The pump works as a hydraulic motor and drives the electric machine as generator on (benefit sinks). In Senkzweig is a hydraulic flow restrictor arranged at which in certain operating points, the total hydraulic pressure falls off and which takes over the load attitude. The Senkzweig is between a check valve and the input of the hydraulic pump connected. It is provided at least one secondary consumer, in the lowering operation of the lifting cylinder can be supplied with the medium of the lifting cylinder. The electric machine is always operated in the same direction, and the other hydraulic consumer can be supplied directly with hydraulic energy from the sinking process, so that efficiency losses are minimized. A speed control ensures a Load-independent control of the lowering speed both in regenerative mode Operation of the electric machine as well as in a control alone over a Valve assembly. Both the lifting and the lowering speed via a speed control of the electric machine. This can happen that the Lowering speed is undesirably high, if due to the high volume flow demand the additional consumer the speed of the electric Machine is increased accordingly.

Eine ähnliche Hubvorrichtung wie die beschriebene, ist aus DE 100 10 870 C2 bekannt geworden. Im Senkzweig sind ein Drosselventil und eine Druckwaage angeordnet, und ein Verbindungspunkt zwischen Drosselventil und Druckwaage ist mit dem Eingang der Hydraulikpumpe verbunden, während der Ausgang der Druckwaage zum Tank geleitet wird. Mit der beschriebenen Hubvorrichtung wird auch bei Doppelbedienung, d.h. Energierückgewinnung beim Senkvorgang und Versorgung von Nebenverbrauchern ein relativ guter Wirkungsgrad erzielt.A similar lifting device as that described is known from DE 100 10 870 C2 become. In Senkzweig a throttle valve and a pressure compensator are arranged, and a connection point between throttle valve and pressure compensator is with the input connected to the hydraulic pump, while the output of the pressure compensator to the tank is directed. With the lifting device described is even with double operation, i.e. Energy recovery during the lowering process and supply of secondary consumers achieved a relatively good efficiency.

Aus DE 299 11 686 U ist eine elektrohydraulische Hubvorrichtung bekannt geworden, bei der in der Druckleitung mit Hilfe einer Proportional-Dreiwege-Stromregelvorrichtung die Volumenströme zum Hubzylinder bzw. zum Tank einerseits und zu Nebenverbrauchern andererseits aufgeteilt werden. Nachteilig hierbei ist, daß das Hubventil in der Tankleitung hinter der Stromregeleinrichtung, die auch als Prioritätsventil wirken kann, angeordnet ist. Dadurch entstehen im Lastsenkbetrieb Strömungsverluste.From DE 299 11 686 U an electrohydraulic lifting device has become known, in the pressure line by means of a proportional three-way flow control device the volume flows to the lifting cylinder or to the tank on the one hand and to Secondary consumers on the other hand be split. The disadvantage here is that the Lift valve in the tank line behind the flow control device, also called a priority valve can act, is arranged. As a result, flow losses occur in load-lowering operation.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine hydraulische Hubvorrichtung für batteriebetriebene Flurförderzeuge zu schaffen, mit der unabhängig von den jeweiligen Volumenstromanforderungen minimale Strömungsverluste erzielt werden.The invention is based on the object, a hydraulic lifting device for to create battery-operated trucks, with whatever the particular Volume flow requirements minimum flow losses can be achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of patent claim 1.

Bei der Erfindung ist das Hubventil im Hebenzweig abströmseitig von der Abzweigung der Leitung zum Nebenverbraucher angeordnet. Die Leitung ist aufströmseitig des Steuerventils über eine Druckwaage mit dem Tank verbunden.In the invention, the lift valve in the lifting branch is downstream of the branch arranged the line to the secondary consumers. The line is upstream of the Control valve connected via a pressure compensator with the tank.

Bei der beschriebenen hydraulischen Hubvorrichtung fließt das aus dem Hubzylinder verdrängte und über den Senkzweig, die Pumpe, den Druckzweig und die Tankleitung in den Tank abfließende Druckflüssigkeit ausschließlich durch die Druckwaage. Dies ermöglicht einen großen Wirkungsgrad bei der Energierückgewinnung gegenüber den bekannten Lösungen.In the described hydraulic lifting device that flows out of the lifting cylinder displaced and over the Senkzweig, the pump, the pressure branch and the tank line in the tank effluent pressure fluid only through the pressure compensator. This allows a high energy recovery efficiency over the known solutions.

Wie an sich bekannt, sind zwei Betriebszustände für die Energierückgewinnung möglich, nämlich zum einen die generatorische, bei der über die Pumpe die elektrische Maschine als Generator angetrieben wird und Strom in die Batterie zurückspeist und zum anderen die Speisung eines oder mehrerer Nebenverbraucher mit dem aus dem Lastsenkbetrieb zur Verfügung stehenden Druckmittel. Überschüssiges Druckmittel fließt ungenutzt in den Tank. Aufgrund der strömungsgünstig optimierten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist eine Mischform beider Betriebszustände möglich. Übersteigen Druck und Volumenstrom aus dem Lastsenkbetrieb die Druck- und Volumenstromanforderung einer oder mehrerer Nebenverbraucher, so ist die Versorgung eines oder mehrerer Verbraucher parallel zur generatorischen Gewinnung der überschüssigen Leistung aus dem Lastsenkbetrieb über Pumpe und elektrische Maschine möglich.As is well known, two operating states are possible for energy recovery, namely, on the one hand, the generator, in which the pump via the electric Machine is driven as a generator and feeds electricity back into the battery and on the other hand the supply of one or more secondary consumers with the from the Load lowering available pressure medium. Excess pressure medium flows unused into the tank. Due to the aerodynamically optimized design the device according to the invention is a hybrid form of both operating conditions possible. Pressure and flow rate from the load-lowering operation exceed the Pressure and volume flow request of one or more secondary consumers, so is the supply of one or more consumers in parallel with generator extraction the excess power from the load-lowering operation via pump and electrical Machine possible.

Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Druckwaage mit dem Druck in der Druckleitung (im Hebenbetrieb) oder dem Druck am Nebenverbraucher angesteuert wird zwecks Ableitung der überschüssigen nicht angeforderten Menge (Load-Sensing). Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß aufströmseitig des Nebenverbrauchers eine Eingangsdruckwaage angeordnet ist. Aufgrund dieser Ausgestaltung als Load-Sensing-System in Verbindung mit 2-Wege-Stromregler (Eingangsdruckwaage) zur Ansteuerung des Nebenverbrauchers besteht die Möglichkeit, mehrere Nebenfunktionen gleichzeitig mit Druckmittel aus dem Lastsenkbetrieb zu versorgen und deren Funktionsgeschwindigkeit unabhängig voneinander in Abhängig von der Betätigung des jeweiligen Sollwertgebers zu regeln. According to one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the pressure compensator with the Pressure in the pressure line (in lifting mode) or pressure at the secondary consumer is driven in order to derive the excess unsolicited quantity (Load sensing). According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that upstream of the secondary consumer an inlet pressure compensator is arranged. Due to this design as a load-sensing system in conjunction with 2-way current controller (Inlet pressure compensator) for controlling the secondary consumer the possibility of several secondary functions simultaneously with pressure medium from the Supply load and their operating speed independently depending on the operation of the respective setpoint generator to regulate.

Ist die Volumenstromanforderung eines oder mehrerer Nebenverbraucher größer als das aus dem Lastsenkvorgang zur Verfügung stehende Volumenstromangebot, bewirkt die Drehzahlregeleinrichtung, daß die Drehzahl der elektrischen Maschine nicht um die sich theoretisch daraus ergebende Differenzdrehzahl angehoben wird. Den Nebenverbrauchern wird nur soviel Volumenstrom zur Verfügung gestellt, wie aus dem Lastsenkbetrieb zur Verfügung steht. Hierdurch wird eine ungewollte Beschleunigung des Senkvorgangs vermieden.If the volumetric flow demand of one or more secondary consumers is greater than the volume flow rate available from the load lowering operation the speed control device that the speed of the electric machine is not around the theoretically resulting differential speed is increased. The secondary consumers only as much volume flow is made available as from the Load lowering operation is available. This will cause an unwanted acceleration the lowering process avoided.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to a drawing explained in more detail.

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Schaltplan für eine Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung.The sole figure shows a circuit diagram for a device according to the invention.

In dem Schaltplan ist eine Hydraulikpumpe 5 zu erkennen, welche mit einer elektrischen Maschine 6 gekoppelt ist. Die elektrische Maschine wird von einer nicht gezeigten Drehzahlregelvorrichtung in ihrer Drehzahl geregelt, wobei der Drehzahlsollwert über einen Drehzahlsollwertgeber vorgegeben wird, der von einer Bedienperson in einem Flurförderzeug betätigt wird. Im vorliegenden Fall wird auf einen Schubmaststapler bezug genommen, der einen Hubzylinder 1, einen Neigezylinder 2, einen Seitenschubzylinder 3 sowie einen Schubzylinder 4 aufweist. Mit dem Neigezylinder wird der Mast vor oder zurück geneigt, mit dem Seitenschubzylinder wird das Lasttragmittel seitlich verschoben, und mit dem Schubzylinder 4 wird der Mast vom Antriebsteil fort bzw. auf diesen zu vorbewegt, wie an sich bekannt.In the circuit diagram, a hydraulic pump 5 can be seen, which with a electric machine 6 is coupled. The electric machine is not powered by one The speed control device shown in its speed controlled, the speed setpoint is specified via a speed setpoint generator, by an operator is operated in an industrial truck. In the present case is on a Reach truck referred to, a lifting cylinder 1, a tilting cylinder 2, a side thrust cylinder 3 and a push cylinder 4 has. With the tilt cylinder the mast is tilted backwards or forwards, with the side thrust cylinder is the Load support laterally displaced, and with the push cylinder 4, the mast from Drive part continues on or on this moved forward, as is known.

Die Pumpe 5 stellt das Druckmittel für sämtliche Verbraucher (Hauptverbraucher Hubzylinder 1 und Nebenverbraucher 2 bis 4) zur Verfügung, wobei das Druckmittel aus einem Tank 19 über ein Rückschlagventil 17 in der Tankleitung 7 angesaugt wird. Die einzelnen Ventile, mit denen die verschiedenen Verbraucher angesteuert werden, sind im Block 18 untergebracht. In einer Druck- oder Hebenleitung 9 zum Hubzylinder 1 sind ein Hubventil 7 und ein Rückschlagventil 20 angeordnet. Die Hubgeschwindigkeit wird durch die Drehzahl des Elektromotors 6 vorgegeben und diese wiederum über den nicht gezeigten Sollwertgeber. Ein Senkzweig 8 ist zwischen Hubzylinder 1 und dem Rückschlagventil 20 angeschlossen, in dem ein Drosselventil 11 angeordnet ist. Das andere Ende ist an die Tankleitung 7 zwischen einem Rückschlagventil 17 und der Pumpe 5 angeschlossen. Aus dem Hubzylinder rückströmendes Medium wird daher immer über die Pumpe 5 geleitet. Zwischen dem Hubventil 7 und der Pumpe ist eine Zweigleitung 10 an die Druckleitung 9 angeschlossen. Sie dient zur Versorgung der erwähnten Nebenverbraucher. Zu diesem Zweck sind zwei Druckwaagen 15 an die Leitung 10 angeschlossen, deren Ausgang mit einer Leitung 14 verbunden ist, die jeweils zu einem Steuerventil 16 führt. Mit Hilfe der Steuerventile 16 wird die Geschwindigkeit der Nebenverbraucher gesteuert. Neigezylinder und Seitenschubzylinder werden gemeinsam über das Steuerventil 16 betätigt, und zwar über ein weiteres Ventil 22, dessen Stellung bestimmt, zu welchem der Zylinder 2, 3 das Hydraulikmedium strömt.The pump 5 provides the pressure medium for all consumers (main consumers Lifting cylinder 1 and secondary consumers 2 to 4) are available, wherein the pressure medium is sucked from a tank 19 via a check valve 17 in the tank line 7. The individual valves with which the different consumers are controlled are housed in block 18. In a pressure or lifting line 9 to the lifting cylinder 1, a lift valve 7 and a check valve 20 are arranged. The lifting speed is determined by the speed of the electric motor 6 and this in turn over the setpoint generator, not shown. A Senkzweig 8 is between lifting cylinder 1 and connected to the check valve 20 in which a throttle valve 11 is arranged. The other end is connected to the tank line 7 between a check valve 17 and the Pump 5 connected. From the lifting cylinder backflowing medium is therefore always passed through the pump 5. Between the lift valve 7 and the pump is a Branch line 10 connected to the pressure line 9. It serves to supply the mentioned auxiliary consumers. For this purpose, two pressure compensators 15 to the Line 10 is connected, whose output is connected to a line 14, the each leads to a control valve 16. With the help of the control valves 16 is the Speed of the secondary consumers controlled. Tilting cylinder and side thrust cylinder are operated together via the control valve 16, via a another valve 22 whose position determines to which of the cylinders 2, 3 the Hydraulic medium flows.

An die Abzweigleitung 10 ist eine Tankleitung 12 angeschlossen, in der eine Druckwaage 13 angeordnet ist. Über die Druckwaage 13 gelangt das Hydraulikmedium zum Tank 19, wobei in der Leitung 12 ein Filter 24 angeordnet ist und parallel zu diesem ein Rückschlagventil 26.To the branch line 10, a tank line 12 is connected, in which a pressure compensator 13 is arranged. About the pressure compensator 13, the hydraulic medium arrives Tank 19, wherein in the conduit 12, a filter 24 is arranged and parallel to this one Check valve 26.

Ein erstes Wechselventil 28 ist endseitig jeweils mit dem Eingang der Steuerventile 16 verbunden. Die Stellung der Ventilkugel hängt davon ab, welcher Druck an den beiden Eingängen der größere ist. In der Mitte wird das Wechselventil mit dem Eingang eines zweiten Wechselventils 30 verbunden, dessen anderes Ende mit der Druckleitung 9 in Verbindung steht. Auch hier hängt die Stellung der Ventilkugel davon ab, welcher Druck an den beiden Eingängen des Wechselventils der größere ist. Die Mitte des zweiten Wechselventils 30 wird mit einem Steuereingang der Druckwaage 13 verbunden. Auf diese Weise ist ein Load-Sensing-System geschaffen.A first shuttle valve 28 is at the ends in each case with the input of the control valves 16 connected. The position of the valve ball depends on which pressure at the two Inputs the larger one is. In the middle, the shuttle valve is connected to the input of a second shuttle valve 30 connected to the other end with the pressure line 9 in Connection stands. Again, the position of the valve ball depends on which Pressure at the two inputs of the shuttle valve is the larger. The middle of the second shuttle valve 30 is connected to a control input of the pressure compensator 13. In this way, a load-sensing system is created.

Die Wirkungsweise der gezeigten Anordnung ist wie folgt. Im Hebenbetrieb arbeitet das Hydraulikaggregat als Pumpe, und die Hebengeschwindigkeit richtet sich nach der Vorgabe durch die Bedienungsperson über einen Sollwertgeber. Dadurch wird auch die Öffnungsweite des Hubventils vorgegeben. Treten während des Hebenvorgangs Volumenstromanforderungen der Nebenverbraucher auf, werden diese über die Abzweigleitung 10 ebenfalls mit Hydraulikmedium versorgt, wobei die Menge durch die Steuerventile 16 vorgegeben wird, und die Druckwaagen 15 dafür sorgen, daß dies lastunabhängig geschieht.The operation of the arrangement shown is as follows. Working in lifting mode the hydraulic unit as a pump, and the lifting speed depends on the Specification by the operator via a setpoint generator. This will also the Opening width of the globe valve specified. Stepping during the lifting process Volume flow requirements of the secondary consumers, they are on the Branch line 10 also supplied with hydraulic medium, the amount by the control valves 16 is given, and the pressure compensators 15 ensure that this independent of load happens.

Während des Senkvorgangs gelangt Hydraulikmedium über das Drosselventil 11 zur Pumpe 5 und treibt diese an, so daß die elektrische Maschine 6 als Generator arbeiten und Strom in die Batterie zurückspeisen kann. Das Hydraulikmedium gelangt über den Zweig 10 und die Druckwaage 13 zum Tank 19, was nahezu verlustfrei geschieht. Hierbei ist das Hubventil 7 naturgemäß geschlossen.During the lowering process, hydraulic medium passes through the throttle valve 11 Pump 5 and drives it, so that the electric machine 6 operate as a generator and can return power to the battery. The hydraulic medium passes through the Branch 10 and the pressure compensator 13 to the tank 19, which happens almost lossless. Here, the globe valve 7 is naturally closed.

Treten Volumenstromanforderungen während des Senkvorgangs auch bezüglich der Nebenverbraucher auf, können diese ebenfalls versorgt werden. Nicht benötigtes Hydraulikmedium wird wiederum über Druckwaage 13 rückgeführt. Übersteigt Druck- und Volumenstrom aus dem Lastsenkbetrieb die Druck- und Volumenstromanforderung einer oder mehrerer Nebenverbraucher, so ist neben der Versorgung eines oder mehrerer Nebenverbraucher parallel generatorische Gewinnung überschüssiger Leistung aus dem Lastsenkbetrieb über Pumpe und elektrische Maschine 6 möglich. Nebenverbraucher können im Lastsenkbetrieb unabhängig voneinander mit Druckmittel versorgt werden, um in Abhängigkeit von der Betätigung der Steuerventile 16 bzw. der zugehörigen Sollwertgeber geregelt zu werden. Ist die Volumenstrom- anforderung einer oder mehrerer Nebenverbraucher größer als das aus dem Lastsenkvorgang zur Verfügung stehende Volumenstromangebot, so bewirkt die Drehzahlregelung, daß die Drehzahl des Elektromotors 6 nicht um die sich theoretisch daraus ergebende Differenzdrehzahl angehoben wird. Den Nebenverbrauchern wird nur so viel Volumenstrom zur Verfügung gestellt, wie aus dem Lastsenkbetrieb zur Verfügung steht. Hierdurch wird eine ungewollte Beschleunigung des Senkvorgangs vermieden.Occur volume flow requirements during the lowering process also in terms of Secondary consumers, these can also be supplied. Not needed Hydraulic medium is in turn returned via pressure compensator 13. Exceeds printing and volume flow from the load-lowering operation the pressure and volume flow demand one or more secondary consumers, so in addition to the supply of a or several secondary consumers in parallel generating regenerative excess Power from the load-lowering operation via pump and electric machine 6 possible. Secondary consumers can work independently in the load-lowering mode with pressure medium be supplied in response to the actuation of the control valves 16 or the associated setpoint generator to be controlled. Is the volume flow requirement of one or more secondary consumers greater than that from the load lowering operation available volumetric flow rate, so causes the speed control, that the speed of the electric motor 6 is not the theoretically derived resulting differential speed is raised. The secondary consumers will only so much Volume flow provided as available from the load-lowering operation stands. As a result, an unwanted acceleration of the lowering process is avoided.

Claims (4)

Hydraulische Hubvorrichtung für batteriebetriebene Flurförderzeuge, mit mindestens einem hydraulischen Hubzylinder, einem im Lasthebebetrieb als Pumpe arbeitenden, den Hubzylinder mit Druckmittel beschickenden und im Lastsenkbetrieb als Motor arbeitenden, von dem vom Hubzylinder verdrängten Druckmittel angetriebenen Hydraulikpumpe, einer mit der Hydraulikpumpe gekuppelten, im Lasthebebetrieb als Elektromotor und im Lastsenkbetrieb als Generator arbeitenden elektrischen Maschine, einer Drehzahlregeleinrichtung für die elektrische Maschine, wobei die elektrische Maschine durch die Drehzahlregeleinrichtung in Abhängigkeit von der Betätigung eines Sollwertgebers in ihrer Drehzahl regelbar ist, einer Hubventilanordnung in einem zum Hubzylinder führenden Hebenzweig, einem Senkzweig zwischen dem Hubzylinder und einer Verbindung zwischen einem Rückschlagventil und einem Eingang der Hydraulikpumpe, einem Volumenstrombegrenzer im Senkzweig, einer Bypass-Ventilanordnung, welche einen Ausgang der Hydraulikpumpe mit dem Tank verbindet und mindestens einem weiteren hydraulischen Verbraucher, der von der Hydraulikpumpe über ein zugeordnetes Steuerventil versorgbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hubventil (7) im Hebenzweig (9) abströmseitig von der Abzweigung einer Leitung (10) zum Nebenverbraucher (2, 3, 4) angeordnet ist und die Leitung (10) aufströmseitig des Steuerventils (16) über eine Druckwaage (13) mit dem Tank (19) verbindbar ist.Hydraulic lifting device for battery-powered trucks, with at least one hydraulic lifting cylinder, working as a pump in lifting operation, the lifting cylinder with pressure medium and working in the load lowering operation as a motor driven by the displaced by the lifting cylinder pressure medium hydraulic pump, one coupled to the hydraulic pump, in load lifting operation as an electric motor and in the load lowering operation as a generator operating electric machine, a speed control device for the electric machine, wherein the electric machine is controlled by the speed control device in response to the operation of a setpoint generator in their speed, a Hubventilanordnung in a lift cylinder leading to the lifting arm, a Senkzweig between the lifting cylinder and a connection between a check valve and an input of the hydraulic pump, a flow restrictor in the lowering branch, a bypass valve arrangement, which has a Ausg ang the hydraulic pump connects to the tank and at least one further hydraulic consumer, which is supplied from the hydraulic pump via an associated control valve, characterized in that the lifting valve (7) in the lifting branch (9) downstream of the branch of a line (10) to the secondary consumer (2, 3, 4) is arranged and the line (10) upstream of the control valve (16) via a pressure compensator (13) with the tank (19) is connectable. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckwaage (13) mit dem jeweils höheren Druck von Hubzylinder (1) oder Nebenverbraucher (2, 3, 4) angesteuert wird zwecks Ableitung des überschüssigen nicht angeforderten Volumenstroms (Load-Sensing). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure compensator (13) with the respective higher pressure of the lifting cylinder (1) or auxiliary consumers (2, 3, 4) is driven in order to derive the excess unsolicited volume flow (load-sensing). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aufströmseitig des Steuerventils (16) eine Eingangsdruckwaage (15) angeordnet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that upstream of the control valve (16) an inlet pressure compensator (15) is arranged. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehzahlregelvorrichtung für die elektrische Maschine (6) so ausgelegt ist, daß die durch den Lastsenkvorgang vorgegebene Drehzahl nicht erhöht wird, wenn die Volumenstromanforderung des Nebenverbrauchers (2, 3, 4) größer ist als das Volumenstromangebot aus dem Lastsenkvorgang.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the speed control device for the electric machine (6) is designed so that the predetermined by the load lowering operation speed is not increased when the volumetric flow demand of the secondary consumer (2, 3, 4) larger is the volumetric flow demand from the load sinking process.
EP05004255A 2004-03-11 2005-02-26 Hydraulic lifting device for battery-powered industrial vehicle Active EP1577257B1 (en)

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US7181910B2 (en) 2007-02-27
DE102004011913B4 (en) 2005-12-29
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US20050198950A1 (en) 2005-09-15
EP1577257A3 (en) 2005-09-28
EP1577257B1 (en) 2009-01-14

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