EP1575061A2 - Moyen pour l'isolation éléctrique des composants à moyenne et haute tension - Google Patents

Moyen pour l'isolation éléctrique des composants à moyenne et haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1575061A2
EP1575061A2 EP05101225A EP05101225A EP1575061A2 EP 1575061 A2 EP1575061 A2 EP 1575061A2 EP 05101225 A EP05101225 A EP 05101225A EP 05101225 A EP05101225 A EP 05101225A EP 1575061 A2 EP1575061 A2 EP 1575061A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pore
insulation according
insulation
wall
foam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05101225A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1575061A3 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Dr. Hammer
Werner Dr. Hartmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1575061A2 publication Critical patent/EP1575061A2/fr
Publication of EP1575061A3 publication Critical patent/EP1575061A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances

Definitions

  • the invention relates to means for electrical insulation of medium and high voltage components according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • Switchgear and switchgear in the medium and high voltage range need to reduce the size and thus the Costs are electrically insulated with special insulating media, since the ambient air for achieving a compact Construction has an insufficient dielectric strength. This will be a cheap, environmentally friendly, hard Flammable insulating medium with the highest possible dielectric Strength needed.
  • the insulating medium should be as possible in liquid or gaseous form can be used. The concentration should be as low as possible for cost and weight reasons be.
  • a gas filling with the insulating gas sulfur hexafluoride is used, with the about 3 times higher than the insulation with air or dry nitrogen breakthrough field strength can be achieved.
  • SF 6 insulating gas sulfur hexafluoride
  • SF 6 not only has excellent electrical properties but is also non-toxic and chemically very stable.
  • the latter characteristic together with the high absorption coefficient in the infrared spectral range, leads to an extremely high global warming potential of approximately 22,000 CO 2 equivalents.
  • Plastic base e.g. crosslinked polyethylene (PE) are in switchgear because of the complicated geometry and the Use of moving parts and high costs also so far not in use.
  • PE crosslinked polyethylene
  • the invention is based on the use of insulating materials, the a variety of gas-filled, thin-walled closed Contain cavities to which a substantial part of the the insulation of applied electrical potential drops.
  • the cavities lie in the area between 10 and up to a maximum of 30 microns and are called as Micropores designated, the dimensions of which along the by the application of certain electric field a predetermined Do not exceed the maximum value.
  • the cavities can Pores of a closed cell foam or a Be filling of hollow bodies.
  • the invention was based on the finding that compliance an upper limit in the size distribution of the pores crucial is. Only so can the occurrence of discharges in otherwise in low probability, but statistically absolutely existing large pores are prevented for example, in pores> 100 microns, which in the state of Technique a gradual deterioration of the insulation properties is explainable. In the invention, a largely monodisperse distribution with defined pore size ⁇ 30 microns are present.
  • High-voltage switches use insulating materials. Such materials can be realized in such a way that they contain filled, thin-walled closed cavities with a length D pore . The dimension along the determined by the application of the electric field determines a maximum value D max , which must not be exceeded.
  • Foams are state of the art, especially for thermal insulation known. Partially they are also used for electrical Isolation purposes proposed.
  • the characteristic curve 22 describes a distribution with a maximum which lies between 10 and 20 ⁇ m. In particular, no pore sizes> 30 microns are present here. In the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, precisely defined pore sizes are present. Typically, the value d pore is in the range of 10 microns to a maximum of 30 microns.
  • 1 denotes a live conductor
  • 2 a grounded conductor
  • 3 a closed-cell insulation between the ladders 2 and 3.
  • the closed-cell insulation 3 has gas-filled cavities 4, where 5 is the extent of the cavity 4 along the electric field and 6 the extent of the cavity 4 perpendicular to the electric field.
  • a pore diameter d pore is defined, which has a scattering width according to the Gaussian distribution 22 according to FIG. 2, in particular when using a foam.
  • the length of a pore from FIG. 3 can be equated with the pore diameter d pore without necessarily implying a spherical geometry of the cavities. Rather, cavities are also conceivable whose dimensions along the electric field in the direction of the double arrow are smaller than perpendicular to it.
  • a single cavity 4 from the foam 3 of FIG. 3 is considered as a pore, this pore in principle realizes a microscopic hollow sphere.
  • 40 here mean the hollow sphere with a gas-filled cavity 41.
  • the hollow sphere 40 consisting of an insulator 42 has a pore diameter d pore and a wall thickness d wall . Because of the microscopic training is also referred to below as “hollow spheres" or "microballoons”.
  • a plurality of hollow spheres 40 are embedded in an insulating material 43, in particular gas.
  • the thickness of the wall d wall enclosing the cavities satisfies a minimum condition for increased dielectric strength of the insulation according to the invention d wall / ⁇ r ⁇ d pore ,
  • the wall thickness is smaller than the pore radius d wall ⁇ d pore / 2, and further advantages arise when the wall thickness is typically 20% of half the pore diameter, ie the pore radius.
  • This condition is directly related to the fact that gas-filled pores a substantial proportion of the insulator applied electrical potential drops. As the wall thickness the pores, their diameter and their distance from each other determine the volume ratios to each other, it can also a corresponding condition for the volume ratios be derived.
  • the insulating material described above can be used to fill insulating cavity as closed-cell foam or in the form of a bed. It may vary depending on the application made of a plastic, glass or another glassy Material such as glass ceramic exist: have plastics compared to glassy materials the advantage of weight savings, but at temperatures above 100 ° C rapidly decreasing mechanical stability and dielectric strength. method for producing corresponding closed-cell foams correspond to the state of the art and are exemplary described in the two applications mentioned above.
  • the insulation can preferably be made of a plastic which contains neither halogens nor sulfur or nitrogen.
  • a halogen-containing plastic or a polyimide can be selected.
  • An example of this is a newly developed material for thermal insulation based on polyimide (SOLREX®) in the form of microscopic hollow spheres; In this form, the material can be poured like a liquid and thus fills all accessible cavities analogous to liquid or gaseous insulating materials.
  • the material can be cured by moderate heat, so that a positive, closed-cell, foam-like insulating body with a low density of ⁇ 0.1 g / cm 3 is formed.
  • Similar materials are offered eg by Akzonobel eg under the name Expancel®.
  • micro microbeads or "microballoons" with a liquid binder temporarily, i. during processing, or permanently to bind.
  • a liquid binder temporarily, i. during processing, or permanently to bind.
  • water and low boiling organic compounds such as e.g. Suitable alcohols, which subsequently eliminated by evaporation again become.
  • liquid insulating agents such as. Transformer or silicone oils suitable, but also curable liquids, e.g. Synthetic resins or silicone rubber.
  • the gas filling of the pores or "microballoons" advantageously dry air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and one of the above gases can be used.
  • nitrogen, carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and one of the above gases can be used.
  • the present invention describes an isolation system which avoids the use of SF 6 or halogenated hydrocarbons, the use of SF 6 or similar insulating gases as a filling of the closed cavities should not be ruled out, since this further increases the dielectric strength the same volume or a reduction in the amount of insulating gas can be achieved for a given insulation potential.
  • FIG. 5 shows the breakdown field strength or breakdown voltage U D of a foam according to FIG. 1 as a function of the pore size d in a double logarithmic plot.
  • the breakdown voltage U D of this material is compared with the breakdown field strength of sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) and of nitrogen (N 2 ), both of which have constant values.
  • the characteristic curves for SF 6 are denoted by 31 and for N 2 by 32, both of which form abscissa-parallel straight lines.
  • the characteristic of the microfoam designated 33 has a characteristic decreasing with the pore size d.
  • the boundary condition is a 1 mm gap of a switching arrangement.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
EP05101225A 2004-02-23 2005-02-18 Moyen pour l'isolation éléctrique des composants à moyenne et haute tension Withdrawn EP1575061A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200410008751 DE102004008751B4 (de) 2004-02-23 2004-02-23 Mittel zur elektrischen Isolierung von Mittel- und Hochspannungskomponenten
DE102004008751 2004-02-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1575061A2 true EP1575061A2 (fr) 2005-09-14
EP1575061A3 EP1575061A3 (fr) 2009-07-01

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EP05101225A Withdrawn EP1575061A3 (fr) 2004-02-23 2005-02-18 Moyen pour l'isolation éléctrique des composants à moyenne et haute tension

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1575061A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004008751B4 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008110979A2 (fr) * 2007-03-13 2008-09-18 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Matériau d'isolation et son procédé de fabrication
WO2017012768A1 (fr) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation de haute ou moyenne tension à isolation gazeuse
WO2017012780A1 (fr) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation de haute ou moyenne tension comportant une chambre isolante
DE102019125962A1 (de) * 2019-09-26 2021-04-01 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Trockener, syntaktischer Schaum als elektrisch isolierendes Material
WO2024006162A1 (fr) * 2022-06-27 2024-01-04 Swift Bridge Technologies (M) Sdn Bhd Matériau polymère conducteur et câble associé

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008037969B4 (de) 2008-08-13 2012-06-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Stromschienen mit koaxial angeordneten, rohrförmigen Teilleitern
DE102012016225A1 (de) 2012-08-14 2014-03-13 Jürgen Blum Elektro-Feldenergie auf der Basis von zweidimensionalen Elektronensystemen, mit der Energiemasse in dem koaxialen Leitungs- und Spulensystem des koaxialen Generators und Transformators
DE102015116502A1 (de) 2015-09-29 2017-03-30 Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (Rwth) Aachen Leiter für eine elektrische Freileitung und Verfahren zur Ummantelung eines Leiterseils eines Leiters

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0987294A1 (fr) * 1998-09-17 2000-03-22 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Matériau polyimide poreux et son procédé de préparation
US20030087975A1 (en) * 2001-11-05 2003-05-08 Alcatel Microcellular foam dielectric for use in transmission lines

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH572269A5 (fr) * 1972-07-20 1976-01-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
US4273806A (en) * 1978-04-03 1981-06-16 Stechler Bernard G Method of forming electrical insulation by extruding polymeric compositions containing hollow microspheres
US5468314A (en) * 1993-02-26 1995-11-21 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Process for making an electrical cable with expandable insulation
DE69430762D1 (de) * 1994-05-10 2002-07-11 Asahi Chemical Ind Herstellungsverfahren eines Fluorharz Schaums
DE10117017C2 (de) * 2001-04-05 2003-06-05 Siemens Ag Elektrisch isolierender Polymerschaum mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie Verwendung desselben

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0987294A1 (fr) * 1998-09-17 2000-03-22 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Matériau polyimide poreux et son procédé de préparation
US20030087975A1 (en) * 2001-11-05 2003-05-08 Alcatel Microcellular foam dielectric for use in transmission lines

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008110979A2 (fr) * 2007-03-13 2008-09-18 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Matériau d'isolation et son procédé de fabrication
WO2008110979A3 (fr) * 2007-03-13 2008-11-06 Philips Intellectual Property Matériau d'isolation et son procédé de fabrication
CN101632137B (zh) * 2007-03-13 2012-12-05 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 绝缘体材料及其制造方法
RU2470396C2 (ru) * 2007-03-13 2012-12-20 Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. Изоляционный материал и способ его изготовления
US8343603B2 (en) 2007-03-13 2013-01-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Insulator material and method for manufacturing thereof
WO2017012768A1 (fr) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation de haute ou moyenne tension à isolation gazeuse
WO2017012780A1 (fr) * 2015-07-20 2017-01-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation de haute ou moyenne tension comportant une chambre isolante
DE102019125962A1 (de) * 2019-09-26 2021-04-01 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Trockener, syntaktischer Schaum als elektrisch isolierendes Material
WO2024006162A1 (fr) * 2022-06-27 2024-01-04 Swift Bridge Technologies (M) Sdn Bhd Matériau polymère conducteur et câble associé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1575061A3 (fr) 2009-07-01
DE102004008751A1 (de) 2005-09-15
DE102004008751B4 (de) 2008-04-24

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