EP1574809B1 - Multispectral camouflage arrangement - Google Patents

Multispectral camouflage arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1574809B1
EP1574809B1 EP05004782A EP05004782A EP1574809B1 EP 1574809 B1 EP1574809 B1 EP 1574809B1 EP 05004782 A EP05004782 A EP 05004782A EP 05004782 A EP05004782 A EP 05004782A EP 1574809 B1 EP1574809 B1 EP 1574809B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
means according
camouflage means
multispectral camouflage
layer
multispectral
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EP05004782A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1574809A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Ernst
Dieter Girlich
Dieter Clement
Alexander Hoffmann
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Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
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Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
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Priority to PL05004782T priority Critical patent/PL1574809T3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41J—TARGETS; TARGET RANGES; BULLET CATCHERS
    • F41J2/00—Reflecting targets, e.g. radar-reflector targets; Active targets transmitting electromagnetic or acoustic waves
    • F41J2/02—Active targets transmitting infrared radiation

Definitions

  • Camouflage has a high priority especially for military objects. This camouflage may affect visibility or recognizability in multiple radiation spectra, noises, and other aspects.
  • the invention relates to multi-spectral camouflage, in particular for military mobile device, such as the camouflage of an armored vehicle, which consists of the usual parts such as drive motor, gearboxes, wheelsets or chain drive, a crew room and a housing, all inputs and Attachments, composites, and / or fixed installations.
  • Known embodiments provide, for example, to make a vehicle as small as possible, inter alia, to achieve a high camouflage capability.
  • This effort has a limit when the vehicle is to be manned, since an operator requires a certain amount of space in a vehicle according to his height and intended activity in the vehicle and an unmanned vehicle is not a generally applicable solution to the problem. Therefore, a manned vehicle always has a minimum volume and geometric size.
  • even a smaller object in certain spectra is easy to locate today, so that littleness alone no longer protects in general.
  • An infrared warning as another example must be designed so that a vehicle as a heat body shows little or no difference to the surrounding heat radiation. This has been tried so far by constructive measures or by passive Rajtarnstoff to achieve.
  • a favorable arrangement of the components of a vehicle in the vehicle can have an effective camouflage effect, for example, when infrared camouflage heat-contaminated gases produced as exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine or as cooling exhaust of a process to be cooled, mixed with fresh air before delivery to the ambient air and this Exhaust gases are then released at the bottom and rear of the vehicle to the environment and also generally hot spots outside the vehicle with a high temperature gradient to the environment are completely avoided.
  • the tarpaulin includes a thermal protector and temperature control to keep the temperature of the tarpaulin in equilibrium with the ambient temperature.
  • the object of the invention is to show a further camouflage element that meets a controlled adaptation to the current environment in the thermal infrared.
  • the camouflage means is intended in particular for all military platforms and installations, such as military and / or mobile equipment and / or a fixed installation whose signature is controlled by active measures in the thermal infrared range (2 to 15 microns wavelength).
  • the signature in the other spectral ranges is passively reduced.
  • the solution consists of a camouflage agent, which has as its base a purged core area with thermally coupled outer skin whose thermodynamic temperature is forcibly adjusted by heating and / or cooling.
  • the adaptation is done by a suitable control.
  • the advantages of the invention are that there is no contradiction between optimal matching in the thermal infrared range and the high frequency radar range.
  • the visible spectral range as well as the near infrared range are also covered well compatible with the other spectral ranges with regard to optimal camouflage.
  • FIG. 1 The metal foam 1 is enclosed between two carrier layers 2, 3, wherein the here vehicle or device-side carrier 2 and the outer carrier 3 are made of metal.
  • FIG. 2 shows a camouflage means, which like Fig. 1 is constructed, but wherein an external support 4 consists of a dielectric (eg ceramic), which is radar-transparent and absorbs incident high-frequency radar radiation through the open-cell metal foam 1 and / or diffuses diffuse.
  • a dielectric eg ceramic
  • FIG. 3 shows the camouflage agent with an open-cell metal foam 1 and with an external support 3.
  • the vehicle or device-side support 5 is identical to the actual vehicle or equipment armor.
  • FIG. 4 shows a camouflage element in plan view, wherein the upper, outer support is not shown.
  • the gaseous heat carrier is passed through an inlet 6 in the camouflage element. It flows through the open-cell metal foam 1 as a heat exchanger and is discharged through an outlet 7 again. So that the heat exchanger is flushed through as homogeneously as possible, in the region of the inlet 6a and the outlet 7a, the layer structure without the open-pore metal foam is designed to act as a channel for the gaseous heat carrier.
  • the multispectral camouflage agent according to the invention based on a heat exchanger controlled in its temperature, is characterized in that the heat carrier is gaseous (eg air) and that the heat exchanger simultaneously contains signature carriers in the spectral ranges visible light (VIS), near infrared (NIR) and thermal infrared ( TIR) is. Furthermore, the reflection of high-frequency radar radiation is additionally reduced in a broadband manner by the same element.
  • the heat carrier is gaseous (eg air) and that the heat exchanger simultaneously contains signature carriers in the spectral ranges visible light (VIS), near infrared (NIR) and thermal infrared ( TIR) is.
  • VIS visible light
  • NIR near infrared
  • TIR thermal infrared
  • the solid carrier material typically be the original outer wall and the functional layers / layers are thermally conductively connected to one another by suitable methods (eg gluing).
  • the layer construction is made as described, however, the uppermost (visible) layer of high-hardness PzStahl is made in order to achieve an increased ballistic protection effect.
  • the top (visible) layer is not made of metal, but of a non-conductive material (dielectric) is formed, a broadband absorption and / or scattering of high-frequency radar radiation is achieved by the open-cell metal foam.
  • This radar-transparent layer may also consist of ceramic and thus additionally represent a ballistic protection.
  • the thermal decoupling of the layer towards the original outer wall can be enhanced by using a heat insulator under the heat exchanger.
  • the heat insulator can also be formed as a sufficiently sized layer of air.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)

Abstract

The multispectral camouflage system comprises a heat exchanger (1) whose temperature can be adjusted. Air is used as the heat exchange medium and the exchanger simultaneously regulates the signature of the camouflaged object in the visible, near- and far infra-red regions.

Description

Tarnung besitzt insbesondere bei militärischen Objekten einen hohen Stellenwert. Diese Tarnung kann die Sichtbarkeit oder Erkennbarkeit in mehreren Strahlungsspektren, bei Geräuschen und weitere Aspekte betreffen.Camouflage has a high priority especially for military objects. This camouflage may affect visibility or recognizability in multiple radiation spectra, noises, and other aspects.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf multispektrales Tarnmittel, insbesondere für militärisches bewegliches Gerät, wie zum Beispiel auf die Tarnung eines gepanzerten Fahrzeugs, das sich aus den üblichen Teilen wie Antriebsmotor, Getrieben, Radsätzen oder Kettenlaufwerk, einem Besatzungsraum und einem Gehäuse, das alle Ein- und Anbauten aufnimmt, zusammensetzt, und / oder ortsfeste Anlagen.The invention relates to multi-spectral camouflage, in particular for military mobile device, such as the camouflage of an armored vehicle, which consists of the usual parts such as drive motor, gearboxes, wheelsets or chain drive, a crew room and a housing, all inputs and Attachments, composites, and / or fixed installations.

Bekannte Ausführungen sehen zum Beispiel vor, ein Fahrzeug möglichst klein zu machen, um unter anderem eine hohe Tarnungsfähigkeit zu erreichen. Diese Bemühung hat eine Grenze, wenn das Fahrzeug bemannt sein soll, da ein Bediener einen gewissen Platzbedarf in einem Fahrzeug benötigt entsprechend seiner Körpergröße und seiner vorgesehenen Aktivität im Fahrzeug und ein unbemanntes Fahrzeug keine generell einsetzbare Ausweglösung darstellt. Deshalb hat ein bemanntes Fahrzeug immer ein Mindestvolumen und geometrische Größe. Außerdem ist auch ein kleineres Objekt in gewissen Spektren heute gut zu orten, so dass Kleinheit allein nicht mehr generell schützt.Known embodiments provide, for example, to make a vehicle as small as possible, inter alia, to achieve a high camouflage capability. This effort has a limit when the vehicle is to be manned, since an operator requires a certain amount of space in a vehicle according to his height and intended activity in the vehicle and an unmanned vehicle is not a generally applicable solution to the problem. Therefore, a manned vehicle always has a minimum volume and geometric size. In addition, even a smaller object in certain spectra is easy to locate today, so that littleness alone no longer protects in general.

Bezüglich der Tarnung der Sichtbarkeit in optischen und verwandten anderen Spektren sind ebenfalls Grenzen gesetzt. Hierzu gibt es die Beispiele des Tarnkappenluftfahrzeuges und der Tarnkappenschiffe, welche eine spezielle geometrische Formgebung der Außenhülle einhalten, mit der ein sehr geringes Radarecho erzeugt wird.There are also limits to camouflage visibility in optical and related other spectra. For this there are the examples of the stealth aircraft and stealth captains, which maintain a special geometric shape of the outer shell, with which a very low radar echo is generated.

Eine Infrarottarnung als weiteres Beispiel muss so angelegt sein, dass ein Fahrzeug als Wärmekörper keinen oder nur einen geringen Unterschied zur umgebenden Wärmestrahlung zeigt. Dies versucht man bisher durch konstruktive Maßnahmen oder durch passive Zusatztarnmittel zu erreichen.An infrared warning as another example must be designed so that a vehicle as a heat body shows little or no difference to the surrounding heat radiation. This has been tried so far by constructive measures or by passive Zusatztarnmittel to achieve.

Auch eine günstige Anordnung der Komponenten eines Fahrzeugs im Fahrzeug kann eine effektvolle Wirkung bezüglich Tarnung haben, wenn zum Beispiel bei Infrarottarnung wärmebelastete Abgase, welche als Auspuffgase eines Verbrennungsmotors oder als Kühlabluft eines zu kühlenden Prozesses anfallen, vor Abgabe an die Umgebungsluft mit Frischluft vermischt und diese Abgase dann unten und hinten am Fahrzeug an die Umgebung entlassen werden und auch generell Hotspots außen am Fahrzeug mit einem hohen Temperaturgradienten zur Umgebung ganz vermieden werden.Also, a favorable arrangement of the components of a vehicle in the vehicle can have an effective camouflage effect, for example, when infrared camouflage heat-contaminated gases produced as exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine or as cooling exhaust of a process to be cooled, mixed with fresh air before delivery to the ambient air and this Exhaust gases are then released at the bottom and rear of the vehicle to the environment and also generally hot spots outside the vehicle with a high temperature gradient to the environment are completely avoided.

Nach dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Vorschläge zur Tarnung von militärischen Fahrzeugen und Flächen an diesen Fahrzeugen gemacht worden:

  • In der DE 31 23 754 C1 wird ein Tarnwerkstoff zur Tarnung gegen IR-Strahlung und gegen sichtbares Licht beschrieben, welcher aus Schichten besteht und eine erste reflektierende Schicht und eine zweite Schicht aus Kohlenstoff besitzt, welche direkt auf die erste Schicht aufgebracht ist.
  • In der DE 202 12 487 U1 wird eine Wärmetarnplane beschrieben, die aus verschiedenen Schichten besteht und zur Abdeckung und Tarnung von Wärmequellen dient.
  • In der EP 1 112 469 B1 wird ein Tammaterial beschrieben, welches eine optische Tamwirkung besitzt und diese Wirkung durch eine spezifische Oberflächenausbildung und - struktur mit minimaler spiegelaktiver Oberfläche erzielt wird.
  • In der EP 1 375 855 A1 wird eine Tarnung für einen Auspuffauslass angegeben, welcher einen Kasten vor dem Auslass in die Umgebung besitzt, in welchem das Auspuffgas mit weiterem Gas vermischt und verdünnt wird.
The prior art has made various proposals for camouflaging military vehicles and surfaces on these vehicles:
  • In the DE 31 23 754 C1 describes a camouflage material for camouflage against IR radiation and visible light, which consists of layers and has a first reflective layer and a second layer of carbon, which is applied directly to the first layer.
  • In the DE 202 12 487 U1 describes a heat tarpaulin, which consists of different layers and serves to cover and camouflage heat sources.
  • In the EP 1 112 469 B1 describes a Tammaterial, which has an optical Tamwirkung and this effect is achieved by a specific surface formation and - structure with minimal mirror-active surface.
  • In the EP 1 375 855 A1 a camouflage is given for an exhaust outlet, which has a box in front of the outlet into the environment in which the exhaust gas is mixed with other gas and diluted.

Weiterhin tritt als Nachteil bei den meisten bekannten Lösungen ein Widerspruch auf zwischen optimaler Anpassung in dem thermischen Infrarotbereich und dem Radarbereich, da die bekannten Radarabsorber im allgemeinen thermisch schlecht leitend sind.Furthermore, a disadvantage of most known solutions is a contradiction between optimal adaptation in the thermal infrared range and the radar range, since the known radar absorbers are generally poor in thermal conductivity.

Die bisherigen Tarnmittel sind nicht hinreichend in der Lage, sich gesteuert an verschiedene Hintergründe gezielt anzupassen. Insbesondere tritt dieser Nachteil im thermischen Infrarot auf, weil in diesem Spektralbereich die Variation der natürlichen Hintergründe besonders stark ausgeprägt ist. Mit dieser Problematik beschäftigt sich die US 5,080,165 , die eine Abdeckplane zum Schutz militärischer Ziele vor Detektion und Zerstörung offenbartThe previous camouflage means are not sufficiently able to adapt to different backgrounds targeted. In particular, this disadvantage occurs in the thermal infrared, because in this spectral range, the variation of the natural backgrounds is particularly pronounced. The problem is the US 5,080,165 , which discloses a tarpaulin for protecting military targets from detection and destruction

Die Plane umfasst eine Temperaturschutzeinlage sowie Temperaturkontrollmittel, um die Temperatur der Plane im Gleichgewicht mit der Umgebungstemperatur zu halten.The tarpaulin includes a thermal protector and temperature control to keep the temperature of the tarpaulin in equilibrium with the ambient temperature.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein weiteres Tarnelement aufzuzeigen, das im thermischen Infrarot eine gesteuerte Anpassung an die aktuelle Umgebung erfüllt.The object of the invention is to show a further camouflage element that meets a controlled adaptation to the current environment in the thermal infrared.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere Merkmale ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further features emerge from the subclaims.

Das Tarnmittel ist insbesondere für alle militärischen Plattformen und Anlagen gedacht, wie militärischen und / oder beweglichen Gerät und / oder einer ortsfesten Anlage, deren Signatur im thermischen Infrarotbereich (2 bis 15 µm Wellenlänge) durch aktive Maßnahmen gesteuert wird. Die Signatur in den weiteren Spektralbereichen wird passiv gemindert.The camouflage means is intended in particular for all military platforms and installations, such as military and / or mobile equipment and / or a fixed installation whose signature is controlled by active measures in the thermal infrared range (2 to 15 microns wavelength). The signature in the other spectral ranges is passively reduced.

Die Lösung besteht aus einem Tarnmittel, welches als Grundbasis einen durchspülten Kernbereich mit thermisch angekoppelter Außenhaut besitzt, deren thermodynamische Temperatur durch Heizen und /oder Kühlen zwangsweise angepasst wird. Die Anpassung erfolgt durch eine geeignete Steuerung.The solution consists of a camouflage agent, which has as its base a purged core area with thermally coupled outer skin whose thermodynamic temperature is forcibly adjusted by heating and / or cooling. The adaptation is done by a suitable control.

Die Vorteile der Erfindung liegen darin, dass kein Widerspruch zwischen optimaler Anpassung in dem thermischen Infrarotbereich und dem hochfrequenten Radarbereich auftritt. Der sichtbare Spektralbereich sowie der nahe Infrarotbereich werden ebenfalls gut verträglich mit den anderen Spektralbereichen bezüglich einer optimalen Tarnung abgedeckt.The advantages of the invention are that there is no contradiction between optimal matching in the thermal infrared range and the high frequency radar range. The visible spectral range as well as the near infrared range are also covered well compatible with the other spectral ranges with regard to optimal camouflage.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellt und werden im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
Tarnmittel mit einem offenporigen Metallschaum,
Figur 2:
eine Variante des Tarnmittels aus Fig. 1,
Figur 3:
eine weitere Variante des Tarnmittels,
Figur 4:
Draufsicht und Wirkprinzip des Tarnelements
Embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it:
FIG. 1:
Camouflage agent with an open-pored metal foam,
FIG. 2:
a variant of the camouflage Fig. 1 .
FIG. 3:
another variant of the camouflage agent,
FIG. 4:
Top view and working principle of the camouflage

Figur 1 zeigt das Tarnmittel mit dem offenporigen Metallschaum 1. Der Metallschaum 1 ist eingeschlossen zwischen zwei Trägerschichten 2, 3, wobei der hier fahrzeug- bzw. geräteseitige Träger 2 und der außen liegende Träger 3 aus Metall bestehen. FIG. 1 The metal foam 1 is enclosed between two carrier layers 2, 3, wherein the here vehicle or device-side carrier 2 and the outer carrier 3 are made of metal.

Figur 2 zeigt ein Tarnmittel, welches wie Fig. 1 aufgebaut ist, wobei jedoch ein außenliegender Träger 4 aus einem Dielektrikum (z.B. Keramik) besteht, der radartransparent ist und einfallende hochfrequente Radarstrahlung durch den offenporigen Metallschaum 1 absorbiert und / oder diffus streut. FIG. 2 shows a camouflage means, which like Fig. 1 is constructed, but wherein an external support 4 consists of a dielectric (eg ceramic), which is radar-transparent and absorbs incident high-frequency radar radiation through the open-cell metal foam 1 and / or diffuses diffuse.

Figur 3 zeigt das Tarnmittel mit einem offenporigen Metallschaum 1 und mit einem außenliegenden Träger 3. Der fahrzeug- bzw. geräteseitige Träger 5 ist hierbei identisch mit der eigentlichen Fahrzeug- bzw. Gerätepanzerung. FIG. 3 shows the camouflage agent with an open-cell metal foam 1 and with an external support 3. The vehicle or device-side support 5 is identical to the actual vehicle or equipment armor.

Figur 4 zeigt ein Tarnelement in Draufsicht, wobei der obere, außenliegende Träger nicht dargestellt ist. Der gasförmige Wärmeträger wird durch einen Einlass 6 in das Tarnelement geleitet. Er durchströmt den offenporigen Metallschaum 1 als Wärmetauscher und wird durch einen Auslass 7 wieder abgeführt. Damit der Wärmetauscher möglichst homogen durchspült wird, ist im Bereich des Einlasses 6a und des Auslasses 7a der Schichtaufbau ohne den offenporigen Metallschaum ausgeführt, um als Kanal für den gasförmigen Wärmeträger zu wirken. FIG. 4 shows a camouflage element in plan view, wherein the upper, outer support is not shown. The gaseous heat carrier is passed through an inlet 6 in the camouflage element. It flows through the open-cell metal foam 1 as a heat exchanger and is discharged through an outlet 7 again. So that the heat exchanger is flushed through as homogeneously as possible, in the region of the inlet 6a and the outlet 7a, the layer structure without the open-pore metal foam is designed to act as a channel for the gaseous heat carrier.

Das erfindungsgemäße multispektrale Tarnmittel auf der Basis eines in seiner Temperatur gesteuerten Wärmetauschers ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeträger gasförmig ist (z.B. Luft) und dass der Wärmetauscher gleichzeitig Signaturträger in den Spektralbereichen sichtbares Licht (VIS), nahes Infrarot (NIR) und thermisches Infrarot (TIR) ist. Weiterhin wird durch das gleiche Element zusätzlich die Reflexion von hochfrequenter Radarstrahlung breitbandig reduziert.The multispectral camouflage agent according to the invention, based on a heat exchanger controlled in its temperature, is characterized in that the heat carrier is gaseous (eg air) and that the heat exchanger simultaneously contains signature carriers in the spectral ranges visible light (VIS), near infrared (NIR) and thermal infrared ( TIR) is. Furthermore, the reflection of high-frequency radar radiation is additionally reduced in a broadband manner by the same element.

Dabei wird es aus einem Schichtaufbau gebildet, der innen mit einem festen Trägermaterial beginnt (typische, aber nicht ausschließliche Stärke 2 ... 3 mm), dem dann mindestens eine Schicht eines offenporigen Metallschaums (typische, aber nicht ausschließliche Blasengröße 6...10 bpi) mit typischer, aber nicht ausschließlicher Stärke von 15...25 mm folgt und darauf wieder ein fester Träger aufgebracht wird. Dabei wird das feste Trägermaterial vorzugsweise die ursprüngliche Außenwand sein und die funktionalen Schichten/ Lagen werden durch geeignete Verfahren (z. B. Kleben) thermisch leitend miteinander verbunden.It is formed from a layer structure which begins on the inside with a solid support material (typical, but not exclusive thickness 2 ... 3 mm), which then at least one layer of open-cell metal foam (typical, but not exclusive bubble size 6 ... 10 bpi) follows with a typical but not exclusive thickness of 15 ... 25 mm and then again a solid support is applied. In this case, the solid carrier material will preferably be the original outer wall and the functional layers / layers are thermally conductively connected to one another by suitable methods (eg gluing).

Sofern ein erhöhter ballistischer Schutz für das Fahrzeug erforderlich ist, wird der Schichtaufbau wie beschrieben gemacht, jedoch wird die oberste (sichtbare) Schicht aus hochhartem PzStahl hergestellt, um eine erhöhte ballistische Schutzwirkung zu erzielen.If increased ballistic protection is required for the vehicle, the layer construction is made as described, however, the uppermost (visible) layer of high-hardness PzStahl is made in order to achieve an increased ballistic protection effect.

Wenn der Schichtaufbau wie oben beschrieben gemacht wird, jedoch die oberste (sichtbare) Schicht nicht aus Metall, sondern aus einem nichtleitenden Werkstoff (Dielektrikum) gebildet wird, wird durch den offenporigen Metallschaum eine breitbandige Absorption und / oder Streuung von hochfrequenter Radarstrahlung erzielt. Diese radartransparente Schicht (das Dielektrikum) kann auch aus Keramik bestehen und damit zusätzlich einen ballistischen Schutz darstellen.If the layer structure is made as described above, but the top (visible) layer is not made of metal, but of a non-conductive material (dielectric) is formed, a broadband absorption and / or scattering of high-frequency radar radiation is achieved by the open-cell metal foam. This radar-transparent layer (the dielectric) may also consist of ceramic and thus additionally represent a ballistic protection.

Weiterhin kann die thermische Abkopplung der Schicht zur ursprünglichen Außenwand hin durch Verwendung eines Wärmeisolators unter dem Wärmetauscher verstärkt werden. Der Wärmeisolator kann dabei auch als ausreichend dimensionierte Luftschicht ausgeformt sein.Furthermore, the thermal decoupling of the layer towards the original outer wall can be enhanced by using a heat insulator under the heat exchanger. The heat insulator can also be formed as a sufficiently sized layer of air.

Claims (11)

  1. Multispectral camouflage means, based on a heat exchanger whose temperature is controlled, wherein the heat carrier is gaseous and the heat exchanger is at the same time a signature carrier to the spectral ranges of visible light (VIS), the near infrared (NIR) and thermal infrared (TIR), a pore area, which is flushed through and has a thermally coupled outer skin is used as the base, characterized in that the pore area is formed by at least one layer of an open-pore metal foam (1).
  2. Multispectral camouflage means according to Claim 1, characterized in that the open-pore metal foam (1) has a typical, but not exclusive, bubble size of 6... 10 bpi with a typical, but not exclusive, thickness of 50... 25 mm.
  3. Multispectral camouflage means according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the camouflage means is formed from a layer structure which starts internally with a solid carrier material (2, 5) which is then followed by the at least one layer of the open-pore metal foam (1), and then once again by a solid carrier (3, 4) as the uppermost, visible layer.
  4. Multispectral camouflage means according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reflection of radiofrequency radar radiation is additionally reduced over a broad bandwidth.
  5. Multispectral camouflage means according to Claim 4, characterized in that the reduction is achieved by absorption and scattered remission.
  6. Multispectral camouflage means according to Claim 3, characterized in that the inner carrier material (2, 5) is the original outer wall of a vehicle, appliance or an installation.
  7. Multispectral camouflage means according to one of the above-mentioned Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the functional strata are thermally conductively connected to one another by suitable methods, for example adhesive bonding.
  8. Multispectral camouflage means according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the uppermost, visible layer (3) is composed of very hard armour steel, in order to achieve an increased ballistic protection effect.
  9. Multispectral camouflage means according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the uppermost, visible layer (3) is not formed from metal but from a non-conductive material (4) which is transparent to radar.
  10. Multispectral camouflage means according to Claim 9, characterized in that the radar-transparent layer (4) is composed of ceramic and therefore additionally represents ballistic protection.
  11. Vehicle or carrier having a multispectral camouflage means according to one of Claims 1 to 5 and 7-10, characterized in that the thermal decoupling towards the vehicle/carrier is reinforced by using a heat insulator under the heat exchanger, wherein the heat insulator may also be in the form of an air layer of sufficient size.
EP05004782A 2004-03-12 2005-03-04 Multispectral camouflage arrangement Active EP1574809B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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DE102004012563A DE102004012563A1 (en) 2004-03-12 2004-03-12 Multispectral camouflage agent
DE102004012563 2004-03-12

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EP1574809A1 EP1574809A1 (en) 2005-09-14
EP1574809B1 true EP1574809B1 (en) 2010-12-29

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EP (1) EP1574809B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE493625T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004012563A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2357840T3 (en)
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ES2357840T3 (en) 2011-05-03
EP1574809A1 (en) 2005-09-14
ATE493625T1 (en) 2011-01-15
DE102004012563A1 (en) 2005-11-10
DE502005010734D1 (en) 2011-02-10
PL1574809T3 (en) 2011-05-31

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