EP1573291A2 - Apparatus for pressure detection in an engine combustion chamber - Google Patents
Apparatus for pressure detection in an engine combustion chamberInfo
- Publication number
- EP1573291A2 EP1573291A2 EP03785799A EP03785799A EP1573291A2 EP 1573291 A2 EP1573291 A2 EP 1573291A2 EP 03785799 A EP03785799 A EP 03785799A EP 03785799 A EP03785799 A EP 03785799A EP 1573291 A2 EP1573291 A2 EP 1573291A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder head
- orifice
- functional member
- pressure
- flange
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
- G01L23/08—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically
- G01L23/10—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid operated electrically by pressure-sensitive members of the piezoelectric type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
- F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
- F02P19/028—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs the glow plug being combined with or used as a sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
- F23Q2007/002—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines with sensing means
Definitions
- the invention relates to an apparatus for detecting the pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- an apparatus comprising: - a functional member useful for operating the engine, the functional member passing through the wall of a cylinder head, inside an orifice having an axis and formed in this wall, the functional member communicating through this orifice with a combustion chamber of the engine and being intended to be mechanically linked to the cylinder head, with a capacity for a part of this functional member to move axially relative to the rest of the functional member secured to the cylinder head under the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber,
- a combustion pressure sensor in said chamber, the sensor being axially pressurized against a part linked to the functional member, via a fixed bearing surface in position relative to the cylinder head, independently pressure in the combustion chamber, so that the sensor detects the movement of said part of the functional member during variations in the combustion pressure in the combustion chamber.
- this functional member comprises an inner core capable of moving axially with respect to an outer body screwed into the orifice of the cylinder head, under the effect of the combustion pressure, the sensor being interposed between two local areas of the soul and body, the relevant surface of the latter then defining the "bearing surface" presented above.
- a functional member comprises an inner core capable of moving axially with respect to an outer body screwed into the orifice of the cylinder head, under the effect of the combustion pressure, the sensor being interposed between two local areas of the soul and body, the relevant surface of the latter then defining the "bearing surface" presented above.
- Such a design also imposes mounting characteristics which, for example, oblige the manufacturer of the cylinder head to tap the latter at the location of the spark plug mounting hole and to use the sensor body as a surface for fixed reference for pressure reading.
- the object of the invention is: - to dispense with having to pierce the cylinder head in order to place a detection device there, - ensuring more practical conditions for fixing the functional member to the cylinder head,
- this additional means exerts pressure on the sensor by defining said fixed bearing surface in position relative to the cylinder head when the functional member which is mounted on the cylinder head is in an operational state ready to be subjected to pressure in the combustion chamber.
- An additional problem concerns the way of connecting the functional member to the cylinder head, without necessarily fixing the first directly to the second, so as to favor the use of the aforementioned displacement sensor, including with the “monoblock” functional members devoid of moving part, such as spark plugs or injectors.
- the additional means comprises a flange fixedly connected to the cylinder head and a nut screwed to a thread of the flange, the nut putting the sensor and a shoulder of the functional member axially under pressure between it and a shoulder of the flange,
- the additional means comprises a flange structurally independent of the cylinder head, the flange having a first mechanical fixing zone intended to penetrate inside the orifice and comprising first fixing means adapted to engage second means of fixing provided in the wall of the cylinder head orifice, in order to fix the flange to this cylinder head, in the orifice, and a second fixing zone located away from the orifice and having third fixing means for a mechanical connection between the functional member and the flange,
- the additional means also comprises a pressure and fixing member comprising fourth fixing means adapted to engage the third fixing means, so as to exert an axial pressure on the sensor independently of the combustion pressure and to mechanically link the functional member at the flange, part of the outer periphery of this functional member intended to come immediately opposite the wall of the orifice of the cylinder head being mounted freely inside this orifice, being devoid of fixing means engaging the wall of this orifice.
- the external periphery of the functional member has locally a shoulder defining said part linked to the functional member against which the sensor is pressurized by means of the bearing surface
- the flange comprises a hollow cylindrical part having a first part having a first diameter to be placed inside the orifice and a second part of second diameter located outside of the orifice, at l axial opposite of the combustion chamber, this second diameter being greater than the first diameter, the second part thus having an internal volume adapted to receive a shoulder of the functional member as well as the sensor which has an annular shape locally surrounding an external surface of the functional organ.
- the additional means include a flange fixed to the cylinder head outside the orifice, the flange locally defining said fixed bearing surface in position relative to the cylinder head,
- FIG. 1 shows a spark plug mounted axially floating in the orifice of a cylinder head to act on a pressure or displacement sensor
- FIG. 2 shows a fuel injector mounted slightly differently in an orifice of the cylinder head
- FIG. 3 shows a glow plug mounted on the cylinder head
- Figure 4 shows, in enlarged view, the mounting on a cylinder head, of a fuel injector.
- FIG. 1 we see a spark plug 1 electrically powered at 2 and mounted towards its base in a threaded orifice 3 of the cylinder head 5 of an internal combustion engine block 7 comprising a combustion chamber 9.
- the head 1a of the spark plug 1 passes through the orifice and comprises an end with electrodes which communicates with the combustion chamber 9 and which is therefore subjected to the pressure which prevails there.
- the pressure reading in the chamber 9 is carried out by means of a piezoelectric sensor 13.
- the flange is presented as a hollow cylindrical part having a first threaded part 15a, engaged in the thread 3a of the orifice 3 and a second part 15b of larger diameter located outside the orifice, opposite the axial of the combustion chamber.
- the parts 15a and 15b are connected by a shoulder 15c which comes to rest on the cylinder head 5.
- the second part 15b thus defines an interior volume adapted to receive a shoulder 1b of the spark plug and the sensor 13, which is in an annular shape locally surrounding an exterior surface of the spark plug.
- the nut (or threaded ring) 17 is screwed into a thread 16 of the second part 15b.
- the displacement sensor (or pressure sensor) comprises a sensitive element 19 of piezoelectric material (ceramic) interposed between two conductive, contact rings, 21a, 21b, and electrically isolated from the shoulder 1b and the nut 17 by means of insulating rings 23a, 23b.
- the conductive rings of the sensor can be connected to an electronic computer 25 controlling the operation of an injector 27.
- the computer can thus measure the voltage difference between the conductive rings, and deduce from it the quantity of fuel to be injected into the combustion chamber and the moments of injection.
- the pressure in the combustion chamber 9 increases and the spark plug 1 is subjected to it. Since the spark plug is not screwed into the orifice 3, this pressure tends to make it move substantially along the axis 11, towards the outside of the chamber 9, thereby compressing the sensor 13 between the shoulder 1 b and the nut 17.
- the modification of the pressure exerted on the piezoelectric element 19 generates a potential difference between the contact rings 21a, 21b.
- This information is processed by the computer 25 which determines the injection conditions, in particular by reference to an operating model entered in memory, which can make it possible to take account of the state of the engine whatever its operating history.
- FIG. 2 there is a fuel injector 1 'mounted freely, along the axis 11, in the orifice 3 of the cylinder head 5 of an automobile engine, by means of a flange 15 screwed in 15a in the thread 3a of the orifice 3, the pressure and fixing means 17 engaged on the enlarged rear part of the flange 15 pressurizes the displacement sensor 13.
- the displacement sensor 13 is interposed between a radial shoulder, perimeter 25 of the injector 1 'and a shoulder 15c of the flange 15.
- the shoulder 15c of the flange is radial to the mounting axis 11, once all the elements of the device are mounted on the cylinder head and is located between the parts 15a, 15b of the flange.
- the internal volume of larger diameter of the part 15b of the flange situated outside the orifice 3 is sufficient to receive the part of the body of the injector having the shoulder 25, thus that the annular sensor 13 then located around this body.
- the sensor 13 is interposed between the shoulders 15 and 25, these two members being subjected to the axial pressure of the pressure and fixing means 17, which again consists of a nut engaging the tapping 16 of the external part 15b of the flange.
- the spark plug 10 can be a glow plug of a diesel engine, extending in the direction of elongation 11.
- the spark plug comprises an outer body 27, a central core 29 extending inside the body, and a insulating ring 31 disposed between the body and the core, generally constituted by a seal made of elastomeric material.
- the core comprises an electrical resistance 33 protected by a sheath 35 extending as far as the combustion chamber 9, and a rod 29 integral with the sheath 35 and connecting the resistance 33 to a current adductor (not shown) on which comes connect the electrical supply to the resistor.
- the external body 27 of the spark plug 10 has a radially projecting shoulder 41.
- a flange or flange 43 is fixedly connected to the cylinder head 5 for mounting and operating a displacement sensor 45 (annular, identical to sensor 13), in connection with the spark plug and its shoulder 41, under the pressure and the support provided by the rear pressure and fixing means 47, which once again consists of a nut engaged in the rear thread 53 of the part of the flange 43 located outside of the orifice 3, opposite the combustion chamber 9.
- EP-A-1 096 141 Unlike what is provided in EP-A-1 096 141, it is however not the slight axial displacement which can occur between the core 29 and the body 27 during the operation of the engine which is here used to vary the pressure exerted on the sensor 45, but the displacement (typically of a few microns) of the assembly of the spark plug 10, as a function of the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber.
- FIG. 1 the assembly of FIG. 1, with the computer 25 and the injector 27, can be reproduced in FIG. 3 or in FIG. 2, since the sensor concerned can be made up with the same annular parts as the sensor 13.
- Figure 4 we see the application of the invention to an injector 30, (otherwise called "fuel injection means").
- the injection nozzle 30a opens into the combustion chamber 9 and that the injector is mounted inside the orifice 3 of the cylinder head 5 without being directly attached to it, that is to say that, as in the versions of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the part of the external periphery of the functional member coming immediately opposite the wall of the orifice 3 is freely mounted inside this orifice, being devoid of fixing means engaging the wall of this orifice.
- the supply of the injector 30, at the rear, opposite the combustion chamber 9, has not been shown.
- the injector has a shoulder 71 radial to the mounting axis 11 (which is always the axis of the orifice 3). Still on the same side, a flange 73 extending perpendicular to the axis 11 is fixed to the cylinder head 5 by screws 75 and 77.
- the rear end 32 of the injector 30 can pass through an opening provided for this purpose in the flange 73, which will allow to axially pressurize the pressure / displacement sensor 79 interposed between the flange 73 and the shoulder 71 , while the injector 30 is pressed axially against a shoulder 3a of the orifice 3, by means of a spacer 81, at the place where the injector 30 has a shoulder 83.
- the injector 30 tends to be pushed back in the direction of the arrow 85, which exerts additional pressure on the sensor 79, which transmits this information from the already indicated with reference to Figure 1, the computer 25 can if necessary act back on the injector 30 to adapt its operation, depending on the response transmitted by the sensor.
- the pressure / displacement sensor 79 is here annular, being arranged around a part of the body of the injector 30. If necessary, in the different versions, the sensor can be screwed around the part of the functional organ selected.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns an apparatus for detecting pressure in an engine combustion chamber comprising a functional member (1) mounted in an orifice (3) of a cylinder head (5) and a pressure sensor (19) axially pressed against one part (1b) linked to the functional member, via a bearing surface (17) fixed relative to the cylinder head, so as to enable the sensor to detect a displacement of the functional member upon combustion pressure variations. A mechanical link between the functional member and the cylinder head (5) is provided via an additional means (15, 17) fixedly linked to said cylinder head and part at least of said additional means exerts a pressure on the sensor (19) defining said bearing surface in fixed position relative to the cylinder head when the functional member mounted on the cylinder head (5) is in operation ready to be subjected to the pressure in the combustion chamber.
Description
Appareil de détection de la pression dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur L'invention concerne un appareil pour détecter la pression dans une chambre de combustion de moteur à combustion interne. The invention relates to an apparatus for detecting the pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
La méthode de mesure la plus usuelle consiste à placer dans la chambre de combustion un capteur spécifique. Un perçage et un taraudage supplémentaires à ceux déjà réalisés dans la culasse sont donc à prévoir. Ceci n'est pas satisfaisant compte tenu des surcoûts générés et du peu de place disponible dans la culasse, les moteurs actuels intégrant de plus en plus un nombre important de soupapes de taille importante. Une alternative à ce type d'implantation est donc nécessaire.The most common measurement method is to place a specific sensor in the combustion chamber. Drilling and tapping additional to those already made in the cylinder head are therefore to be expected. This is not satisfactory given the additional costs generated and the limited space available in the cylinder head, current engines increasingly incorporating a large number of large valves. An alternative to this type of implantation is therefore necessary.
Dans EP-A-1096141 , on connaît déjà un appareil comprenant : - un organe fonctionnel utile au fonctionnement du moteur, l'organe fonctionnel traversant la paroi d'une culasse, à l'intérieur d'un orifice présentant un axe et ménagé dans cette paroi, l'organe fonctionnel communiquant par cet orifice avec une chambre de combustion du moteur et étant destiné à être lié mécaniquement à la culasse, avec une capacité pour une partie de cet organe fonctionnel de se déplacer axiaiement par rapport au reste de l'organe fonctionnel solidaire de la culasse sous la pression régnant dans la chambre de combustion,In EP-A-1096141, an apparatus is already known comprising: - a functional member useful for operating the engine, the functional member passing through the wall of a cylinder head, inside an orifice having an axis and formed in this wall, the functional member communicating through this orifice with a combustion chamber of the engine and being intended to be mechanically linked to the cylinder head, with a capacity for a part of this functional member to move axially relative to the rest of the functional member secured to the cylinder head under the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber,
- et un capteur de la pression de combustion dans ladite chambre, le capteur étant mis axiaiement en pression contre une partie liée à l'organe fonctionnel, par l'intermédiaire d'une surface de portée fixe en position par rapport à la culasse, indépendamment de la pression dans la chambre de combustion, pour que le capteur détecte le déplacement de ladite partie de l'organe fonctionnel lors des variations de la pression de combustion dans la chambre de combustion.- And a combustion pressure sensor in said chamber, the sensor being axially pressurized against a part linked to the functional member, via a fixed bearing surface in position relative to the cylinder head, independently pressure in the combustion chamber, so that the sensor detects the movement of said part of the functional member during variations in the combustion pressure in the combustion chamber.
Toutefois, mesurer ainsi la pression dans la chambre de combustion nécessite la présence d'un organe fonctionnel (bougie de préchauffage dans le cas de EP-A-1096141) spécifiquement conçu pour la destination visée. Ainsi, cet organe fonctionnel comprend une âme intérieure susceptible de se déplacer axiaiement par rapport à un corps extérieur vissé dans l'orifice de la culasse, sous l'effet de la pression de combustion, le capteur étant interposé entre deux zones locales de l'âme et du corps, la surface concernée de ce dernier définissant alors la « surface de portée » présentée ci avant. Une telle conception impose en outre des caractéristiques de montage qui, par exemple, obligent le fabricant de la culasse à tarauder celle-ci à l'endroit de l'orifice de montage de la bougie et à se servir du corps du capteur comme surface de référence fixe pour le relevé de pression.However, thus measuring the pressure in the combustion chamber requires the presence of a functional member (glow plug in the case of EP-A-1096141) specifically designed for the intended destination. Thus, this functional member comprises an inner core capable of moving axially with respect to an outer body screwed into the orifice of the cylinder head, under the effect of the combustion pressure, the sensor being interposed between two local areas of the soul and body, the relevant surface of the latter then defining the "bearing surface" presented above. Such a design also imposes mounting characteristics which, for example, oblige the manufacturer of the cylinder head to tap the latter at the location of the spark plug mounting hole and to use the sensor body as a surface for fixed reference for pressure reading.
L'invention a pour objet : - de se dispenser d'avoir à percer la culasse afin d'y placer un appareil de détection,
- d'assurer des conditions plus pratiques de fixation de l'organe fonctionnel à la culasse,The object of the invention is: - to dispense with having to pierce the cylinder head in order to place a detection device there, - ensuring more practical conditions for fixing the functional member to the cylinder head,
- de limiter le coût de l'appareil de détection, au moins dans certains modes de réalisation, - de rationaliser la conception de cet appareil,- limit the cost of the detection device, at least in certain embodiments, - rationalize the design of this device,
Dans ce but, une caractéristique importante de cette invention prévoit que :To this end, an important characteristic of this invention provides that:
- une liaison mécanique entre l'organe fonctionnel et la culasse est réalisée par I 'intermédiaire d'un moyen additionnel lié fixement à cette culasse,a mechanical connection between the functional member and the cylinder head is carried out by means of an additional means fixedly linked to this cylinder head,
- et une partie au moins de ce moyen additionnel exerce une pression sur le capteur en définissant la dite surface de portée fixe en position par rapport à la culasse lorsque l'organe fonctionnel qui est monté sur la culasse est dans un état opérationnel prêt à être soumis à la pression dans la chambre de combustion.- And at least part of this additional means exerts pressure on the sensor by defining said fixed bearing surface in position relative to the cylinder head when the functional member which is mounted on the cylinder head is in an operational state ready to be subjected to pressure in the combustion chamber.
Un problème additionnel concerne la manière de lier l'organe fonctionnel à la culasse, sans nécessairement fixer directement le premier à la seconde, de manière à favoriser l'utilisation du capteur de déplacement précité, y compris avec les organes fonctionnels « monoblocs » dépourvus de partie mobile, telles que les bougies d'allumage ou les injecteurs.An additional problem concerns the way of connecting the functional member to the cylinder head, without necessarily fixing the first directly to the second, so as to favor the use of the aforementioned displacement sensor, including with the “monoblock” functional members devoid of moving part, such as spark plugs or injectors.
Pour cela, il est conseillé que:For this, it is advised that:
- une partie de la périphérie extérieure de l'organe fonctionnel destinée à venir immédiatement en regard de la paroi de l'orifice de la culasse est montée librement à l'intérieur de cet orifice, en étant dépourvue de moyen de fixation engageant la paroi de cet orifice, eta part of the external periphery of the functional member intended to come immediately opposite the wall of the orifice of the cylinder head is mounted freely inside this orifice, being devoid of any fixing means engaging the wall of this orifice, and
- le moyen additionnel comprend une bride liée fixement à la culasse et un écrou vissé à un filetage de la bride, l'écrou mettant le capteur et un épaulement de l'organe fonctionnel axiaiement en pression entre lui et un épaulement de la bride,the additional means comprises a flange fixedly connected to the cylinder head and a nut screwed to a thread of the flange, the nut putting the sensor and a shoulder of the functional member axially under pressure between it and a shoulder of the flange,
- et/ou le moyen additionnel comprend une bride structurellement indépendante de la culasse, la bride présentant une première zone de fixation mécanique destinée à pénétrer à l'intérieur de l'orifice et comprenant des premiers moyens de fixation adaptés pour engager des seconds moyens de fixation ménagés dans la paroi de l'orifice de la culasse, afin de fixer la bride à cette culasse, dans l'orifice, et une deuxième zone de fixation située à l'écart de l'orifice et présentant des troisièmes moyens de fixation pour une liaison mécanique entre l'organe fonctionnel et la bride,- And / or the additional means comprises a flange structurally independent of the cylinder head, the flange having a first mechanical fixing zone intended to penetrate inside the orifice and comprising first fixing means adapted to engage second means of fixing provided in the wall of the cylinder head orifice, in order to fix the flange to this cylinder head, in the orifice, and a second fixing zone located away from the orifice and having third fixing means for a mechanical connection between the functional member and the flange,
- et le moyen additionnel comprend également un organe de pression et de fixation comprenant des quatrièmes moyens de fixation adaptés pour engager les troisièmes moyens de fixation, de manière à exercer une pression axiale sur le capteur indépendamment de la pression de combustion et pour lier mécaniquement l'organe fonctionnel à la bride, une partie de la périphérie extérieure de cet organe fonctionnel
destinée à venir immédiatement en regard de la paroi de l'orifice de la culasse étant montée librement à l'intérieur de cet orifice, en étant dépourvue de moyen de fixation engageant la paroi de cet orifice.- And the additional means also comprises a pressure and fixing member comprising fourth fixing means adapted to engage the third fixing means, so as to exert an axial pressure on the sensor independently of the combustion pressure and to mechanically link the functional member at the flange, part of the outer periphery of this functional member intended to come immediately opposite the wall of the orifice of the cylinder head being mounted freely inside this orifice, being devoid of fixing means engaging the wall of this orifice.
Pour favoriser la mise en place de l'organe fonctionnel et du capteur, en protégeant ce dernier et en assurant tant un maintien efficace de l'organe fonctionnel qu'une mise sous pression fiable du capteur, suivant l'axe de l'orifice, on conseille par ailleurs :To favor the installation of the functional organ and the sensor, by protecting the latter and ensuring both an effective maintenance of the functional organ and a reliable pressurization of the sensor, along the axis of the orifice, we also advise:
- que la périphérie extérieure de l'organe fonctionnel présente localement un épaulement définissant ladite partie liée à l'organe fonctionnel contre laquelle le capteur est mis en pression par l'intermédiaire de la surface de portée,the external periphery of the functional member has locally a shoulder defining said part linked to the functional member against which the sensor is pressurized by means of the bearing surface,
- et/ou que la bride comprenne une pièce cylindrique creuse présentant une première partie ayant un premier diamètre pour être placée à l'intérieur de l'orifice et une seconde partie de second diamètre située à l'extérieur de l'orifice, à l'opposé axial de la chambre de combustion, ce second diamètre étant supérieur au premier diamètre, la seconde partie présentant ainsi un volume intérieur adapté pour recevoir un épaulement de l'organe fonctionnel ainsi que le capteur qui présente une forme annulaire entourant localement une surface extérieure de l'organe fonctionnel.- And / or that the flange comprises a hollow cylindrical part having a first part having a first diameter to be placed inside the orifice and a second part of second diameter located outside of the orifice, at l axial opposite of the combustion chamber, this second diameter being greater than the first diameter, the second part thus having an internal volume adapted to receive a shoulder of the functional member as well as the sensor which has an annular shape locally surrounding an external surface of the functional organ.
Dans un autre cas, pour atteindre les objectifs précités, on conseille :In another case, to achieve the above objectives, we advise:
- que le moyen additionnel comprenne une bride fixée à la culasse à l'extérieur de l'orifice, la bride définissant localement la dite surface de portée fixe en position par rapport à la culasse,- that the additional means include a flange fixed to the cylinder head outside the orifice, the flange locally defining said fixed bearing surface in position relative to the cylinder head,
- qu'une partie de la périphérie extérieure de l'organe fonctionnel destinée à venir immédiatement en regard de la paroi de l'orifice de la culasse soit montée librement à l'intérieur de cet orifice, en étant dépourvue de moyen de fixation engageant la paroi de cet orifice, et- that part of the outer periphery of the functional member intended to come immediately opposite the wall of the orifice of the cylinder head is freely mounted inside this orifice, being devoid of fixing means engaging the wall of this orifice, and
- que le capteur soit interposé entre la dite surface de portée de la bride et un épaulement lié fixement à l'organe fonctionnel, de manière que le déplacement de l'organe fonctionnel par rapport à la culasse sous l'effet de la pression dans la chambre de combustion induise une variation de pression sur le capteur. Une description plus détaillée de l'invention va maintenant être fournie en référence aux dessins annexés où : la figure 1 montre une bougie d'allumage montée axiaiement flottante dans l'orifice d'une culasse pour agir sur un capteur de pression ou de déplacement, la figure 2 montre un injecteur de carburant monté légèrement différemment dans un orifice de la culasse, la figure 3 montre une bougie de préchauffage montée sur la culasse,
la figure 4 montre, en vue agrandie, le montage sur une culasse, d'un injecteur de carburant.- That the sensor is interposed between said bearing surface of the flange and a shoulder fixedly connected to the functional member, so that the displacement of the functional member relative to the cylinder head under the effect of the pressure in the combustion chamber induces a pressure variation on the sensor. A more detailed description of the invention will now be provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a spark plug mounted axially floating in the orifice of a cylinder head to act on a pressure or displacement sensor, FIG. 2 shows a fuel injector mounted slightly differently in an orifice of the cylinder head, FIG. 3 shows a glow plug mounted on the cylinder head, Figure 4 shows, in enlarged view, the mounting on a cylinder head, of a fuel injector.
Sur la figure 1 on voit une bougie d'allumage 1 alimentée électriquement en 2 et montée vers sa base dans un orifice 3 taraudé de la culasse 5 d'un bloc de moteur à combustion interne 7 comprenant une chambre de combustion 9. La bougie s'étend suivant un axe d'allongement 11 coaxial à l'orifice.In Figure 1 we see a spark plug 1 electrically powered at 2 and mounted towards its base in a threaded orifice 3 of the cylinder head 5 of an internal combustion engine block 7 comprising a combustion chamber 9. The spark plug s 'extends along an elongation axis 11 coaxial with the orifice.
La tête 1a de la bougie 1 traverse l'orifice et comprend une extrémité avec des électrodes qui communique avec la chambre de combustion 9 et qui est donc soumise à la pression qui y règne. Le relevé de pression dans la chambre 9 s'effectue par l'intermédiaire d'un capteur piézo-électrique 13.The head 1a of the spark plug 1 passes through the orifice and comprises an end with electrodes which communicates with the combustion chamber 9 and which is therefore subjected to the pressure which prevails there. The pressure reading in the chamber 9 is carried out by means of a piezoelectric sensor 13.
Pour fixer la bougie vis-à-vis de la culasse 5 et mettre en pression le capteur 13, une bride 15 et un écrou 17 ont été prévus.To fix the spark plug vis-a-vis the cylinder head 5 and pressurize the sensor 13, a flange 15 and a nut 17 have been provided.
La bride se présente comme une pièce cylindrique creuse présentant une première partie 15a filetée, engagée dans le taraudage 3a de l'orifice 3 et une seconde partie 15b de plus grand diamètre située à l'extérieur de l'orifice, à l'opposé axial de la chambre de combustion. Les parties 15a et 15b sont reliées par un épaulement 15c venant reposer sur la culasse 5.The flange is presented as a hollow cylindrical part having a first threaded part 15a, engaged in the thread 3a of the orifice 3 and a second part 15b of larger diameter located outside the orifice, opposite the axial of the combustion chamber. The parts 15a and 15b are connected by a shoulder 15c which comes to rest on the cylinder head 5.
La seconde partie 15b définit ainsi un volume intérieur adapté pour recevoir un épaulement 1b de la bougie et le capteur 13, lequel se présente sous une forme annulaire entourant localement une surface extérieure de la bougie.The second part 15b thus defines an interior volume adapted to receive a shoulder 1b of the spark plug and the sensor 13, which is in an annular shape locally surrounding an exterior surface of the spark plug.
L'écrou (ou bague filetée) 17 est vissé dans un taraudage 16 de la seconde partie 15b.The nut (or threaded ring) 17 is screwed into a thread 16 of the second part 15b.
Le capteur de déplacement (ou capteur de pression) comprend un élément sensible 19 en matériau piézo-électrique (céramique) intercalé entre deux anneaux conducteurs, de contact, 21a, 21b, et isolé électriquement de l'épaulement 1b et de l'écrou 17 par l'intermédiaire d'anneaux isolants 23a, 23b.The displacement sensor (or pressure sensor) comprises a sensitive element 19 of piezoelectric material (ceramic) interposed between two conductive, contact rings, 21a, 21b, and electrically isolated from the shoulder 1b and the nut 17 by means of insulating rings 23a, 23b.
Ainsi, une fois la bride 15 liée fixement à la culasse 5 (en l'espèce vissée dans l'orifice 3), et la bougie 1 montée dans la bride, avec le capteur 13 soumis à la pression de l'écrou 17, la bougie est maintenue par rapport à la culasse. En outre, tout déplacement de la bougie 1 (suivant l'axe 11) induit par les variations de pression dans la chambre de combustion 9 est détecté par l'élément piézo-électrique du capteur 13.Thus, once the flange 15 is fixedly connected to the cylinder head 5 (in this case screwed into the orifice 3), and the spark plug 1 mounted in the flange, with the sensor 13 subjected to the pressure of the nut 17, the candle is held relative to the cylinder head. In addition, any displacement of the spark plug 1 (along the axis 11) induced by the pressure variations in the combustion chamber 9 is detected by the piezoelectric element of the sensor 13.
Pour que la détection de ces variations de pression améliore le fonctionnement du moteur, les anneaux conducteurs du capteur peuvent être reliés à un calculateur électronique 25 commandant le fonctionnement d'un injecteur 27.
Le calculateur peut ainsi mesurer la différence de tension entre les anneaux conducteurs, et en déduire la quantité de carburant à injecter dans la chambre de combustion et les moments d'injection.In order for the detection of these pressure variations to improve the operation of the engine, the conductive rings of the sensor can be connected to an electronic computer 25 controlling the operation of an injector 27. The computer can thus measure the voltage difference between the conductive rings, and deduce from it the quantity of fuel to be injected into the combustion chamber and the moments of injection.
Plus précisément, lors de la combustion interne, la pression dans la chambre de combustion 9 augmente et la bougie d'allumage 1 y est soumise. La bougie n'étant pas vissée dans l'orifice 3, cette pression a tendance à la faire se déplacer sensiblement suivant l'axe 11 , vers l'extérieur de la chambre 9, comprimant d'autant le capteur 13 entre l'épaulement 1 b et l'écrou 17. La modification de la pression exercée sur l'élément piézoélectrique 19 génère une différence de potentiel entre les anneaux de contact 21a, 21 b. Cette information est traitée par le calculateur 25 qui détermine les conditions d'injection, en particulier par référence à un modèle de fonctionnement entré en mémoire, ce qui peut permettre de tenir compte de l'état du moteur quel que soit son historique de fonctionnement.More specifically, during internal combustion, the pressure in the combustion chamber 9 increases and the spark plug 1 is subjected to it. Since the spark plug is not screwed into the orifice 3, this pressure tends to make it move substantially along the axis 11, towards the outside of the chamber 9, thereby compressing the sensor 13 between the shoulder 1 b and the nut 17. The modification of the pressure exerted on the piezoelectric element 19 generates a potential difference between the contact rings 21a, 21b. This information is processed by the computer 25 which determines the injection conditions, in particular by reference to an operating model entered in memory, which can make it possible to take account of the state of the engine whatever its operating history.
Sur la figure 2, on trouve un injecteur de carburant 1 ' monté librement, suivant l'axe 11, dans l'orifice 3 de la culasse 5 d'un moteur d'automobile, par l'intermédiaire d'une bride 15 vissée en 15a dans le taraudage 3a de l'orifice 3, le moyen de pression et de fixation 17 en prise sur la partie arrière élargie de la bride 15 assure la mise sous pression du capteur de déplacement 13.In FIG. 2, there is a fuel injector 1 'mounted freely, along the axis 11, in the orifice 3 of the cylinder head 5 of an automobile engine, by means of a flange 15 screwed in 15a in the thread 3a of the orifice 3, the pressure and fixing means 17 engaged on the enlarged rear part of the flange 15 pressurizes the displacement sensor 13.
Pour ne pas surcharger les dessins, l'alimentation de l'injecteur l', à l'arrière, à l'opposé de la chambre de combustion 9, n'a pas été représentée.In order not to overload the drawings, the supply of the injector 1a, at the rear, opposite the combustion chamber 9, has not been shown.
Dans cette version, le capteur de déplacement 13 est interposé entre un épaulement radial, périmétrique 25 de l'injecteur 1 ' et un épaulement 15c de la bride 15.In this version, the displacement sensor 13 is interposed between a radial shoulder, perimeter 25 of the injector 1 'and a shoulder 15c of the flange 15.
Comme sur la figure 1 , l'épaulement 15c de la bride est radial à l'axe de montage 11 , une fois tous les éléments de l'appareil montés sur la culasse et est situé entre les parties 15a, 15b de la bride.As in FIG. 1, the shoulder 15c of the flange is radial to the mounting axis 11, once all the elements of the device are mounted on the cylinder head and is located between the parts 15a, 15b of the flange.
Egalement comme sur la figure 1 , le volume intérieur de plus grand diamètre de la partie 15b de la bride situé à l'extérieur de l'orifice 3 est suffisant pour recevoir la partie du corps de l'injecteur présentant l'épaulement 25, ainsi que le capteur annulaire 13 alors situé autour de ce corps. Dans cette version, le capteur 13 est interposé entre les épaulements 15 et 25, ces deux organes étant soumis à la pression axiale du moyen de pression et de fixation 17, lequel consiste à nouveau en un écrou engageant le taraudage 16 de la partie extérieure 15b de la bride.Also as in FIG. 1, the internal volume of larger diameter of the part 15b of the flange situated outside the orifice 3 is sufficient to receive the part of the body of the injector having the shoulder 25, thus that the annular sensor 13 then located around this body. In this version, the sensor 13 is interposed between the shoulders 15 and 25, these two members being subjected to the axial pressure of the pressure and fixing means 17, which again consists of a nut engaging the tapping 16 of the external part 15b of the flange.
Le fonctionnement du mode de réalisation illustré sur la figure 2 est le même que celui de la figure 1.The operation of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 is the same as that of FIG. 1.
Sur la figure 3, on voit une bougie de préchauffage 10 montée librement à l'intérieur de l'orifice 3 d'une culasse 5.
La bougie 10 peut être une bougie de préchauffage d'un moteur Diesel, s'étendant suivant la direction d'allongement 11. La bougie comprend un corps extérieur 27, une âme centrale 29 s'étendant à l'intérieur du corps, et une bague isolante 31 disposée entre le corps et l'âme, généralement constituée par un joint en matériau élastomère. L'âme comporte une résistance électrique 33 protégée par une gaine 35 s'étendant jusque dans la chambre de combustion 9, et une tige 29 solidaire de la gaine 35 et reliant la résistance 33 à un adducteur de courant (non représenté) sur lequel vient se brancher l'alimentation en courant électrique de la résistance .In FIG. 3, we see a glow plug 10 freely mounted inside the orifice 3 of a cylinder head 5. The spark plug 10 can be a glow plug of a diesel engine, extending in the direction of elongation 11. The spark plug comprises an outer body 27, a central core 29 extending inside the body, and a insulating ring 31 disposed between the body and the core, generally constituted by a seal made of elastomeric material. The core comprises an electrical resistance 33 protected by a sheath 35 extending as far as the combustion chamber 9, and a rod 29 integral with the sheath 35 and connecting the resistance 33 to a current adductor (not shown) on which comes connect the electrical supply to the resistor.
A l'arrière de la culasse 5, c'est-à-dire à l'opposé de la chambre de combustion 9, le corps extérieur 27 de la bougie 10 présente un épaulement radialement saillant 41.At the rear of the cylinder head 5, that is to say opposite the combustion chamber 9, the external body 27 of the spark plug 10 has a radially projecting shoulder 41.
En outre, à l'image des figures précédentes , une bride ou collerette 43 est liée fixement à la culasse 5 pour le montage et le fonctionnement d'un capteur de déplacement 45 (annulaire, identique au capteur 13), en liaison avec la bougie et son épaulement 41, sous la pression et le maintien assuré par le moyen de pression et de fixation arrière 47, lequel consiste une nouvelle fois en un écrou engagé dans le taraudage arrière 53 de la partie de la bride 43 située à l'extérieur de l'orifice 3, à l'opposé de la chambre de combustion 9.In addition, like the previous figures, a flange or flange 43 is fixedly connected to the cylinder head 5 for mounting and operating a displacement sensor 45 (annular, identical to sensor 13), in connection with the spark plug and its shoulder 41, under the pressure and the support provided by the rear pressure and fixing means 47, which once again consists of a nut engaged in the rear thread 53 of the part of the flange 43 located outside of the orifice 3, opposite the combustion chamber 9.
A la différence de ce qui est prévu dans EP-A-1 096 141, ce n'est toutefois pas le léger déplacement axial pouvant intervenir entre l'âme 29 et le corps 27 pendant le fonctionnement du moteur qui est ici utilisé pour faire varier la pression exercée sur le capteur 45, mais le déplacement (typiquement de quelques microns) de l'ensemble de la bougie 10, en fonction de la pression régnant dans la chambre de combustion.Unlike what is provided in EP-A-1 096 141, it is however not the slight axial displacement which can occur between the core 29 and the body 27 during the operation of the engine which is here used to vary the pressure exerted on the sensor 45, but the displacement (typically of a few microns) of the assembly of the spark plug 10, as a function of the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber.
Ainsi, comme dans le cas des deux modes de réalisation précédents, suivant la pression dans la chambre de combustion, le déplacement axial de l'épaulement 41 va faire varier la pression sur le capteur 45, la contre-pression étant assurée par l'écrou 47 fixe en position, en prise sur la bride 43 elle-même fixe par rapport à la culasse 5.Thus, as in the case of the two previous embodiments, depending on the pressure in the combustion chamber, the axial movement of the shoulder 41 will vary the pressure on the sensor 45, the back pressure being provided by the nut 47 fixed in position, engaged on the flange 43 itself fixed relative to the cylinder head 5.
Bien entendu, le montage de la figure 1, avec le calculateur 25 et l'injecteur 27, peut être reproduit sur la figure 3 ou sur la figure 2, dès lors que le capteur concerné peut être constitué avec les mêmes pièces annulaires que le capteur 13. Sur la figure 4, on voit l'application de l'invention à un injecteur 30, (autrement dénommé "moyen d'injection de carburant").Of course, the assembly of FIG. 1, with the computer 25 and the injector 27, can be reproduced in FIG. 3 or in FIG. 2, since the sensor concerned can be made up with the same annular parts as the sensor 13. In Figure 4, we see the application of the invention to an injector 30, (otherwise called "fuel injection means").
On notera que l'embout d'injection 30a débouche dans la chambre de combustion 9 et que l'injecteur est monté à l'intérieur de l'orifice 3 de la culasse 5 sans y être directement fixé, c'est-à-dire que, comme dans les versions des figures 1 , 2 et 3, la partie de la périphérie extérieure de l'organe fonctionnel venant immédiatement en regard de la paroi de l'orifice 3 est montée librement à l'intérieur de cet orifice, en étant dépourvue de moyen de fixation engageant la paroi de cet orifice.
Pour ne pas surcharger les dessins, l'alimentation de l'injecteur 30, à l'arrière, à l'opposé de la chambre de combustion 9, n'a pas été représentée.Note that the injection nozzle 30a opens into the combustion chamber 9 and that the injector is mounted inside the orifice 3 of the cylinder head 5 without being directly attached to it, that is to say that, as in the versions of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the part of the external periphery of the functional member coming immediately opposite the wall of the orifice 3 is freely mounted inside this orifice, being devoid of fixing means engaging the wall of this orifice. In order not to overload the drawings, the supply of the injector 30, at the rear, opposite the combustion chamber 9, has not been shown.
Du même côté, on note toutefois que l'injecteur présente un épaulement 71 radial à l'axe de montage 11 (qui est toujours l'axe de l'orifice 3). Toujours du même côté, une bride 73 s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'axe 11 est fixée à la culasse 5 par des vis 75 et 77.On the same side, it is noted however that the injector has a shoulder 71 radial to the mounting axis 11 (which is always the axis of the orifice 3). Still on the same side, a flange 73 extending perpendicular to the axis 11 is fixed to the cylinder head 5 by screws 75 and 77.
L'extrémité arrière 32 de l'injecteur 30 peut passer à travers une ouverture prévue à cet effet dans la bride 73, laquelle va permettre de mettre axiaiement en pression le capteur de pression/déplacement 79 interposé entre la bride 73 et l'épaulement 71, alors que l'injecteur 30 est plaqué axiaiement contre un épaulement 3a de l'orifice 3, par l'intermédiaire d'une entretoise 81 , à l'endroit où l'injecteur 30 présente un épaulement 83.The rear end 32 of the injector 30 can pass through an opening provided for this purpose in the flange 73, which will allow to axially pressurize the pressure / displacement sensor 79 interposed between the flange 73 and the shoulder 71 , while the injector 30 is pressed axially against a shoulder 3a of the orifice 3, by means of a spacer 81, at the place where the injector 30 has a shoulder 83.
Ainsi, sous l'effet de la pression P régnant dans la chambre 9, l'injecteur 30 a tendance à être repoussé dans le sens de la flèche 85, ce qui exerce une pression supplémentaire sur le capteur 79, lequel transmet cette information de la manière déjà indiquée en référence à la figure 1, le calculateur 25 pouvant si nécessaire agir en retour sur l'injecteur 30 pour adapter son fonctionnement, en fonction de la réponse transmise par le capteur.Thus, under the effect of the pressure P prevailing in the chamber 9, the injector 30 tends to be pushed back in the direction of the arrow 85, which exerts additional pressure on the sensor 79, which transmits this information from the already indicated with reference to Figure 1, the computer 25 can if necessary act back on the injector 30 to adapt its operation, depending on the response transmitted by the sensor.
Une fois de plus, on note que le capteur de pression/déplacement 79 est ici annulaire, étant disposé autour d'une partie du corps de l'injecteur 30. Si nécessaire, dans les différentes versions, le capteur pourra être vissé autour de la partie concernée de l'organe fonctionnel retenu.
Once again, it is noted that the pressure / displacement sensor 79 is here annular, being arranged around a part of the body of the injector 30. If necessary, in the different versions, the sensor can be screwed around the part of the functional organ selected.
Claims
1.- Appareil pour détecter la pression dans une chambre de combustion de moteur à combustion interne comprenant :1.- Apparatus for detecting the pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprising:
- un organe fonctionnel (1 ,10,30) utile au fonctionnement du moteur, l'organe fonctionnel traversant la paroi d'une culasse (5), à l'intérieur d'un orifice (3) présentant un axe (11) et ménagé dans cette paroi, l'organe fonctionnel communiquant par cet orifice avec une chambre (9) de combustion du moteur et étant destiné à être lié mécaniquement à la culasse, avec une capacité pour cet organe fonctionnel de se déplacer axiaiement par rapport à la culasse sous la pression régnant dans la chambre de combustion,a functional member (1, 10, 30) useful for the operation of the engine, the functional member passing through the wall of a cylinder head (5), inside an orifice (3) having an axis (11) and formed in this wall, the functional member communicating through this orifice with a combustion chamber (9) of the engine and being intended to be mechanically linked to the cylinder head, with a capacity for this functional member to move axially relative to the cylinder head under the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber,
- et un capteur (19,45,79) de la pression de combustion dans cette chambre, le capteur étant mis axiaiement en pression contre une partie (1 b,25,41) liée à l'organe fonctionnel, par l'intermédiaire d'une surface de portée (17,47,73) fixe en position par rapport à la culasse, indépendamment de la pression dans la chambre de combustion, pour que le capteur détecte le déplacement de l'organe fonctionnel lors des variations de la pression dans la chambre de combustion, caractérisé en ce que :- And a sensor (19,45,79) of the combustion pressure in this chamber, the sensor being axially pressurized against a part (1b, 25,41) linked to the functional organ, via d '' a bearing surface (17,47,73) fixed in position relative to the cylinder head, regardless of the pressure in the combustion chamber, so that the sensor detects the displacement of the functional member during variations in the pressure in the combustion chamber, characterized in that:
- une liaison mécanique entre l'organe fonctionnel (1 ,10,30) et la culasse (5) est réalisée par I 'intermédiaire d'un moyen additionnel (15,17,43,47,73) lié fixement à cette culasse,a mechanical connection between the functional member (1, 10.30) and the cylinder head (5) is carried out by means of additional means (15,17,43,47,73) fixedly connected to this cylinder head,
- et une partie au moins (17,47,73) de ce moyen additionnel exerce une pression sur le capteur (19,45,79) en définissant la dite surface de portée fixe en position par rapport à la culasse lorsque l'organe fonctionnel qui est monté sur la culasse (5) est dans un état opérationnel prêt à être soumis à la pression dans la chambre de combustion. - And at least part (17,47,73) of this additional means exerts pressure on the sensor (19,45,79) by defining said fixed bearing surface in position relative to the cylinder head when the functional member which is mounted on the cylinder head (5) is in an operational state ready to be subjected to pressure in the combustion chamber.
2.- Appareil selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que :2.- Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that:
- une partie (1a) de la périphérie extérieure de l'organe fonctionnel destinée à venir immédiatement en regard de la paroi de l'orifice de la culasse (5) est montée librement à l'intérieur de cet orifice (3), en étant dépourvue de moyen de fixation engageant la paroi de cet orifice, et- A part (1a) of the outer periphery of the functional member intended to come immediately opposite the wall of the orifice of the cylinder head (5) is freely mounted inside this orifice (3), being devoid of fixing means engaging the wall of this orifice, and
- le moyen additionnel comprend une bride (15,43) liée fixement à la culasse et un écrou (17,47) vissé à un filetage de la bride, l'écrou mettant le capteur et un épaulement (1b,25,41) de l'organe fonctionnel axiaiement en pression entre lui et un épaulement (15c) de la bride.- the additional means comprises a flange (15,43) fixedly connected to the cylinder head and a nut (17,47) screwed to a thread of the flange, the nut putting the sensor and a shoulder (1b, 25,41) of the functional member axially pressurized between it and a shoulder (15c) of the flange.
3.- Appareil selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le moyen additionnel comprend :3.- Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional means comprises:
- une bride (15,45) structurellement indépendante de la culasse, la bride présentant une première zone (15a) de fixation mécanique destinée à pénétrer à l'intérieur de l'orifice (3) et comprenant des premiers moyens de fixation adaptés pour engager des seconds moyens de fixation (3a) ménagés dans la paroi de l'orifice (3) de la culasse, afin de fixer la bride à cette culasse, dans l'orifice, et une deuxième zone de fixation (16) située à l'écart de l'orifice et présentant des troisièmes moyens de fixation pour une liaison mécanique entre l'organe fonctionnel (1,10) et la bride, - et un organe (17,47) de pression et de fixation comprenant des quatrièmes moyens de fixation adaptés pour engager les troisièmes moyens de fixation, de manière à exercer une pression axiale sur le capteur (13,45) indépendamment de la pression de combustion et pour lier mécaniquement l'organe fonctionnel à la bride, une partie (1a) de la périphérie extérieure de cet organe fonctionnel destinée à venir immédiatement en regard de la paroi de l'orifice (3) de la culasse étant montée librement à l'intérieur de cet orifice, en étant dépourvue de moyen de fixation engageant la paroi de cet orifice. - a flange (15,45) structurally independent of the cylinder head, the flange having a first zone (15a) for mechanical fixing intended to penetrate inside the orifice (3) and comprising first fixing means suitable for engage second fixing means (3a) formed in the wall of the orifice (3) of the cylinder head, in order to fix the flange to this cylinder head, in the orifice, and a second fixing zone (16) located at the gap from the orifice and having third fixing means for a mechanical connection between the functional member (1,10) and the flange, - and a pressure and fixing member (17,47) comprising fourth means of fixing adapted to engage the third fixing means, so as to exert an axial pressure on the sensor (13,45) independently of the combustion pressure and to mechanically link the functional member to the flange, a part (1a) of the outer periphery of this functional member intended to come immediately opposite the wall of the orifice (3) of the cylinder head being mounted freely inside this orifice, being devoid of fixing means engaging the wall of this orifice.
4.- Appareil selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que :4.- Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that:
- la périphérie extérieure de l'organe fonctionnel présente localement un épaulement (1b, 25,41) définissant la dite partie liée à l'organe fonctionnel, et - le capteur (13,45) est interposé entre un épaulement (15c) de la bride et l'organe de fixation et de pression (17,47) .- the outer periphery of the functional member has locally a shoulder (1b, 25,41) defining said part linked to the functional member, and - the sensor (13,45) is interposed between a shoulder (15c) of the flange and the fixing and pressure member (17,47).
5.- Appareil sur une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la bride comprend une pièce cylindrique creuse présentant une première partie (15a) ayant un premier diamètre pour être placée à l'intérieur de l'orifice et une seconde partie (15b) ayant un second diamètre située à l'extérieur de l'orifice, à l'opposé axial de la chambre de combustion (9) , ce second diamètre étant supérieur au premier diamètre, la seconde partie présentant ainsi un volume intérieur adapté pour recevoir l'épaulement de l'organe fonctionnel (1,10) et le capteur (13,45) qui présente une forme annulaire entourant localement une surface extérieure de l'organe fonctionnel. 5.- Apparatus on any one of claims 2 or 4, characterized in that the flange comprises a hollow cylindrical part having a first part (15a) having a first diameter to be placed inside the orifice and a second part (15b) having a second diameter located outside the orifice, opposite the axial of the combustion chamber (9), this second diameter being greater than the first diameter, the second part thus having an interior volume suitable for receiving the shoulder of the functional member (1,10) and the sensor (13,45) which has an annular shape locally surrounding an outer surface of the functional member.
6.- Appareil selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que :6.- Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that:
- le moyen additionnel comprend une bride (73) fixée à la culasse à l'extérieur de l'orifice, la bride définissant localement la dite surface de portée fixe en position par rapport à la culasse,the additional means comprises a flange (73) fixed to the cylinder head outside the orifice, the flange locally defining said fixed bearing surface in position relative to the cylinder head,
- une partie de la périphérie extérieure de l'organe fonctionnel (30) destinée à venir immédiatement en regard de la paroi de l'orifice (3) de la culasse est montée librement à l'intérieur de cet orifice, en étant dépourvue de moyen de fixation engageant la paroi de cet orifice, et- A part of the outer periphery of the functional member (30) intended to come immediately opposite the wall of the orifice (3) of the cylinder head is freely mounted inside this orifice, being devoid of means fixing engaging the wall of this orifice, and
- le capteur (79) est interposé entre la dite surface de portée de la bride et un épaulement (71) lié fixement à l'organe fonctionnel, de manière que le déplacement de l'organe fonctionnel par rapport à la culasse sous l'effet de la pression dans la chambre de combustion induise une variation de pression sur le capteur. - The sensor (79) is interposed between said bearing surface of the flange and a shoulder (71) fixedly connected to the functional member, so that the displacement of the functional member relative to the cylinder head under the effect pressure in the combustion chamber induces a pressure variation on the sensor.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0216372 | 2002-12-20 | ||
FR0216372A FR2849192B1 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2002-12-20 | APPARATUS FOR DETECTING PRESSURE IN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF AN ENGINE |
PCT/EP2003/014103 WO2004057293A2 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Apparatus for pressure detection in an engine combustion chamber |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1573291A2 true EP1573291A2 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
Family
ID=32406297
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03785799A Withdrawn EP1573291A2 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-12 | Apparatus for pressure detection in an engine combustion chamber |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060123887A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1573291A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006510888A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20060014022A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2849192B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004057293A2 (en) |
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US20060027013A1 (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2006-02-09 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Combustion pressure detecting apparatus |
DE102006037235A1 (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-14 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for determining a pressure in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine |
JP4483955B2 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2010-06-16 | 株式会社デンソー | Engine head module |
CN103380357B (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2016-03-02 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | The cylinder pressure pick-up unit of fuel-direct-jetting type internal combustion engine |
EP2730905B1 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2019-01-02 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | A pressure-measuring plug for a combustion engine |
EP2730904A1 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-05-14 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | A pressure-measuring plug for a combustion engine |
JP6228861B2 (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2017-11-08 | 株式会社Soken | Glow plug integrated combustion pressure sensor |
CN107290099B (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2021-06-08 | 森萨塔科技公司 | Pressure sensor, plug for a pressure sensor and method for producing a plug |
EP3236226B1 (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2019-07-24 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Method of manufacturing a pressure sensor |
US10545064B2 (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2020-01-28 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Integrated pressure and temperature sensor |
US10323998B2 (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2019-06-18 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Fluid pressure sensor |
US10724907B2 (en) | 2017-07-12 | 2020-07-28 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Pressure sensor element with glass barrier material configured for increased capacitive response |
US10557770B2 (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2020-02-11 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Pressure sensor with improved strain gauge |
IT201900020114A1 (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2021-04-30 | Politecnico Di Bari | Low-cost non-intrusive system for determining the pressure in a cylinder of a driving or operating machine by monitoring the stresses on the connecting rod |
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2002
- 2002-12-20 FR FR0216372A patent/FR2849192B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-12-12 KR KR1020057011389A patent/KR20060014022A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-12 US US10/538,748 patent/US20060123887A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-12 EP EP03785799A patent/EP1573291A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-12 JP JP2004561278A patent/JP2006510888A/en active Pending
- 2003-12-12 WO PCT/EP2003/014103 patent/WO2004057293A2/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2004057293A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2849192A1 (en) | 2004-06-25 |
JP2006510888A (en) | 2006-03-30 |
US20060123887A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
WO2004057293A2 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
KR20060014022A (en) | 2006-02-14 |
FR2849192B1 (en) | 2005-03-04 |
WO2004057293A3 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
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