EP1573249A1 - Systeme de chauffe indirecte avec valorisation des particules de combustible ultra fines - Google Patents
Systeme de chauffe indirecte avec valorisation des particules de combustible ultra finesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1573249A1 EP1573249A1 EP03786069A EP03786069A EP1573249A1 EP 1573249 A1 EP1573249 A1 EP 1573249A1 EP 03786069 A EP03786069 A EP 03786069A EP 03786069 A EP03786069 A EP 03786069A EP 1573249 A1 EP1573249 A1 EP 1573249A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating system
- particles
- specific
- hearth
- burners
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
- F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
- F23K2201/101—Pulverizing to a specific particle size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
- F23K2201/103—Pulverizing with hot gas supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/30—Separating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
- F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
- F23K2203/201—Feeding/conveying devices using pneumatic means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to indirect heating systems for burning solid fuels. These systems are characterized by the interposition between the solid fuel grinding station and the hearth of an intermediate silo reserved for pulverized fuel. This type of system is used for fuels that are difficult to burn, such as anthracites or fuels comprising little volatile matter (low volatile bituminous coal in the sense of ASTM), because it allows good separation and optimization of the grinding of the solid fuel on the one hand, and the combustion of said pulverized fuel on the other hand.
- solid fuel such as coal
- a crusher where it is crushed and dried thanks to the supply of very hot air or gas.
- the pulverized fuel is then pneumatically transported to a separator which captures the large particles and returns them to the inlet of the shredder r then one or more cyclones which captures the pulverized fuel and pours it into an intermediate storage silo, sheaths and possibly a gas recirculation fan complete this installation.
- the grinding system receives air and hot gases for drying the raw fuel. All of these hot gases, as well as those produced by the evaporation of moisture from the fuel, are in excess, so they must be extracted by a "specific sheath known as the dewatering sheath". All these circuits operate at low temperature (around 1,00 ° C). The cyclone does not capture 1 00% of the fine particles of solid fuel which are found in the excess gases. The usual solid fuel concentrations in gases are of the order of 50 to 200 g / m 3 , it is therefore necessary to treat these particles.
- ultra fine particles can either be returned to the hearth via a fan (rejection of dewatering at the hearth), or collected in a dust collector such as an electrostatic dust collector or a bag filter, and discharged into the intermediate silo where they mix with the other particles from the cyclone (release of dewatering to the atmosphere).
- a dust collector such as an electrostatic dust collector or a bag filter
- the gases transporting the ultra-fine particles essentially consist of inert gases such as water vapor coming from the evaporation of the humidity of the fuel, C0 2 in strong concentration, and these gases have a low content in 0 2 because they come from the hot combustion gases taken from the hearth for drying the raw fuel.
- the concentration of combustible particles in the gases is far from the optimum required for good combustion.
- the object of the invention is to propose a heating system allowing the recovery and the specific use of the ultra fine particles benefited (that is to say of better quality with respect to combustion) resulting from the passage in the cyclone of the fuel pulverized, and which allows a lowering of the technical minimum of the system without support of noble fuel and a reduction of NOx emissions.
- the indirect heating system according to the invention is a system in which a solid fuel in the form of particles circulates,
- a dust collector captures the finest particles which are then introduced into the hearth by at least one specific pipe and burned by at least one specific burner.
- the ultra fine particles are stored in a specific silo and metered by a feeder then mixed in well defined proportions with air or hot gases then transported to the specific burners by the pipes
- the injector of the specific burner proper will preferably be of either rectangular or circular section.
- the fuel to air ratio may be between 5 kg of fuel per kilo of air to 1 kg / 2 kg of air while at the level of injection into the 3 o burners the ratio will be of the order of 1.5 kg / 1 kg of air to 1 kg / 2 kg of air by an additional injection of hot air.
- the hot air used is called primary air and its temperature is around 250 ° C to 500 ° C, for r particularly difficult to burn fuels such as meta-anthracites, this temperature will be 400 ° C higher.
- the mixture of air or hot gases and atomized fuel will be at a temperature of the order of 200 to 380 ° C. depending on the proportion of the fuel / air mixture. This high temperature level is very favorable for igniting the fuel and stabilizing the burner flame.
- the specific burners are arranged in the vicinity of the main burners.
- the use of these benefited ultra-fine particles produces a high-quality flame which makes it possible to stabilize the combustion of the main burners, which allows a lowering of the minimum possible load without the support of noble fuel. Thanks to this reduction, fuel costs are saved because solid fuel is less expensive than noble fuel such as fuel oil or natural gas. This saving is all the more important as the installation is called upon to operate more often at low load.
- each series of main burners comprises at least two specific burners.
- the number of specific burners will be chosen on a case-by-case basis, but at least two specific burners per series of main burners in order to guarantee a good distribution of the different fuels.
- at least two specific burners will be used, whereas in the case of a tangential heating fireplace, only one specific burner will be sufficient.
- the indirect heating system is a system in which a solid fuel in the form of particles circulates, comprising a grinding station, a hearth, at least one intermediate silo, a separator, at least one cyclone and possibly a cooling fan. gas recirculation, it is characterized in that a dust collector captures the finest particles which are then introduced into the hearth through specific pipes and injectors downstream of the main burners.
- the dosage of ultra fine particles and hot air is similar to the previous one, but the particles are brought to new injectors located outside the main combustion zone and placed so that the flames emitted mix with the flame tails of the main burners.
- the injection of the finest particles is carried out under sub-stoichiometric conditions.
- the injection under these conditions downstream of the burners of ultra-fine particles promotes the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions.
- NOx nitrogen oxides
- the nature te the flow rate of the transport gases for the system which is the subject of the invention are chosen for a stoichiometric combustion of ultra fine particles.
- the particles collected have a diameter of less than 75 microns. Their size is much smaller than the pulverized fuel circulating in the heating system.
- the particles captured have a true density of 0.1 to 0.4 kg / dm 3 lower than those of the particles captured by the cyclone.
- the cyclone will preferably capture the particles rich in the heaviest elements, that is to say in mineral matter and in particular in pyrites.
- this ultra-fine fuel has undergone an improvement in its quality, ie a "benefit".
- the particles recovered in the dust collector are not only much finer than the main mass of fuel recovered in the silo but they also have a different chemical analysis with a lower ash content and therefore a combustible material content (fixed carbon and materials volatile) higher than in the main fuel recovered in the silo.
- part of the captured particles is introduced into the injectors located downstream of the burners.
- the combination of the specific burners and the injectors placed downstream makes it possible to use the ultra fine particles either in the special burners, or in the downstream injectors, or simultaneously in the two types of injectors.
- the specific burners For example for low loads of the heating system we will use the specific burners and for a higher load of the system we will complement the downstream injectors. It will thus be possible to lower the minimum possible load without the support of noble fuel and therefore to achieve savings since the cost of solid fuel is lower than that of noble fuels such as fuel oil or natural gas. The savings are all the more important as the installation is called upon to operate more frequently at low load.
- the hearth is double vault. In this heating system the main burners and the specific burners are located in the vaults. This type of stove is used to burn anthracite or lean coal.
- the hearth is front-heated.
- the main burners and the specific burners are placed on at least one of the walls of the hearth.
- the hearth is tangentially heated.
- the main burners and the specific burners are located in the corners of the hearth.
- the specific burners can and placed in the angles between the main burners or on the faces of the hearth near the main burners.
- the downstream injectors are placed above the main burners either in the corners or in the faces of the hearth.
- the solid fuel is lean coal. Indeed, it is difficult to burn without resorting to the combustion of an external fuel because it is poor in volatile matter, and it releases a lot of NOx.
- the system allows enhance ultra fine particles and therefore improve the combustion of lean coals.
- FIG. 1 is a view of the state of the art of an indirect heating system with reinjection of the dewatering into the hearth
- FIG. 2 is a view of another state of the art of an indirect heating system with rejection of dewatering to the atmosphere
- - Figure 3 is a view of a heating system according to the invention with a double arch fireplace
- FIG. 4 is a view of a heating system according to the invention with a hearth with frontal or tangential heating
- FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the burners.
- the same references will be used for the parts of the same function in the different variants.
- the existing indirect heating systems 1 include a silo 2 where the raw fuel is stored, a crusher 3 where the raw fuel arrives via a line 20 and where it is crushed and dried thanks to the addition of very hot air or gases via line 21.
- the pulverized fuel thus formed is transported via line 30 pneumatically to a separator 4 which collects only large particles and returns them to the inlet of the crusher 3 via line 40.
- the others particles are sent through line 41 to one or more cyclones 5 which have the function of capturing the pulverized fuel which then pours into an intermediate storage silo 6 and then is sent through channel 51 to the main burners 70 to be burned in the hearth 7.
- the gases leaving the cyclone 5 are returned to the circuit by the sheath 50 thanks to the fan 42.
- the grinding system receives air or hot gases through the sheath 21 and itself produces excess gases such as water vapor resulting from the evaporation of moisture from the fuel, it is therefore necessary for the system works correctly extract the gases through a sheath 8 called the dewatering sheath.
- Cyclone 5 cannot have a capture efficiency of 1 00% of fine particles, these are found with the excess gases which are returned to the circuit using the recirculation fan
- the usual solid fuel concentrations are of the order of 50 to 200 g / m 3 .
- the particles are reinjected into the hearth 7 via a fan 9 through the sheath 8.
- the fine particles contained in the gas of the sheath 8 are collected by a dust collector 10, of the electrostatic dust collector or bag filter type, then the ultra fine particles are then sent to the silo 6 where they mix with the other particles already recovered by cyclone 5, while the gases are released into the atmosphere via line 1 00.
- a second silo 60 is provided to receive the ultra fine particles which are then directed by the sheath 52 or 53 to the hearth 7 where they are burned.
- the ultra fine particles are burned either in specific burners 71 or in specific injectors 72.
- the system according to the invention operates as follows: the particles of ground fuel which escape the capture of the cyclone 5 are oriented towards the dust collector. 1 0 by the sheath 8, the gases are then sent to the atmosphere via the sheath 100 while I ⁇ 3 ultra fine particles are stored in the additional silo 60. From this silo 60, part of the particles is sent to the burners 71 by the sheath 52 while the other part is sent to the injectors rs 72 by the sheath 53.
- the specific burners 71 are arranged in the vicinity of the main burners 70, as can be seen in FIG. 5 the main burners 70 are aligned in series and the specific burners 71 are arranged, either on either side of each series, or between the burners
- the burners 71 can be arranged either in the corners of the hearth 7 or on faces of the hearth 7 near the main burners 70.
- Feeders 61 and 62 are used to dose the quantity of fine particles in order to allow their transport in the sheaths 52 and 53.
- the particles are transported using hot air or hot gases arriving through the conduits 52a and 53a. Additional injection at the specific burners 71 is possible by additional injection of air or hot gases (not shown). It is thus possible to adjust the fuel concentration.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0215626A FR2848641B1 (fr) | 2002-12-11 | 2002-12-11 | Systeme de chauffe indirecte avec valorisation des particules de combustible ultra fines |
FR0215626 | 2002-12-11 | ||
PCT/FR2003/050133 WO2004055435A1 (fr) | 2002-12-11 | 2003-11-26 | Systeme de chauffe indirecte avec valorisation des particules de combustible ultra fines |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1573249A1 true EP1573249A1 (fr) | 2005-09-14 |
Family
ID=32338663
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03786069A Withdrawn EP1573249A1 (fr) | 2002-12-11 | 2003-11-26 | Systeme de chauffe indirecte avec valorisation des particules de combustible ultra fines |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8316782B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1573249A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100529539C (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003295071A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2848641B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004055435A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7717701B2 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2010-05-18 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Pulverized solid fuel burner |
WO2008063549A2 (fr) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-05-29 | Summerhill Biomass Systems, Inc. | Combustibles en poudre, leurs dispersions, et dispositifs de combustion y relatifs |
DE102008063505A1 (de) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-07-01 | Uhde Gmbh | Verfahren zur Vergleichmäßigung der Förderung von Brennstoffen in einen Vergaser zur Erzeugung von Synthesegas |
JP5461100B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2014-04-02 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 低品位炭を燃料とする火力発電プラント |
GB201020001D0 (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-01-12 | Doosan Power Systems Ltd | Low rank coal processing apparatus and method |
CN102927582A (zh) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-02-13 | 孙家鼎 | 储仓式热风送粉无三次风燃烧系统 |
CN107655023A (zh) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-02-02 | 王亚苹 | 一种火电厂用煤炭燃烧锅炉 |
CN113883501B (zh) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-09-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 双层煤仓进行灵活调峰的w火焰锅炉的锅炉调峰方法 |
Family Cites Families (22)
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US2053340A (en) * | 1927-07-11 | 1936-09-08 | Nellie Kennedy | Pulverized fuel apparatus |
US2083126A (en) * | 1933-06-10 | 1937-06-08 | Shuman Laurence | Pulverized coal burner |
US2057450A (en) * | 1934-04-09 | 1936-10-13 | Comb Eng Co Inc | Wet refuse burning boiler and furnace installation |
US2427903A (en) * | 1944-05-03 | 1947-09-23 | Comb Eng Co Inc | System for regulating the density of air-fuel mixture supplied by airswept pulverizing mills |
US4092094A (en) * | 1977-02-25 | 1978-05-30 | Lingl Corporation | Method and apparatus for the controlled distribution of powdered solid fuel to burning units |
US4270895A (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1981-06-02 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Swirl producer |
DE2837174C2 (de) * | 1978-08-25 | 1986-02-20 | Vereinigte Kesselwerke AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verfeuern eines schwer zündfähigen, gasarmen Brennstoffs mit trockenem Ascheabzug |
US4253403A (en) * | 1979-10-02 | 1981-03-03 | Joel Vatsky | Air flow regulator |
US4465495A (en) * | 1980-10-17 | 1984-08-14 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Process for making coal-water fuel slurries and product thereof |
US4438709A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-03-27 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | System and method for firing coal having a significant mineral content |
SE8305153L (sv) * | 1982-10-11 | 1984-04-12 | Brandis Silikatwerk | Kompoundoverugnselement |
FR2581444B1 (fr) * | 1985-05-03 | 1988-11-10 | Charbonnages De France | Procede pour la combustion de combustibles fluides et bruleur a turbulence adapte a sa mise en oeuvre |
DE3731271C2 (de) * | 1987-09-17 | 1996-09-05 | Babcock Energie Umwelt | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verfeuern hochballasthaltiger Braunkohle |
DD283481A7 (de) * | 1988-01-28 | 1990-10-17 | Orgreb-Institut Fuer Kraftwerke,Dd | Verfahren und anordnung zum betreiben einer kohlenstaub-ventilatormuehle |
RU2067724C1 (ru) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-10-10 | Малое государственное внедренческое предприятие "Политехэнерго" | Низкоэмиссионная вихревая топка |
CN2248296Y (zh) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-02-26 | 茅群龙 | 火电厂仓储式制粉系统入炉煤粉量在线测控装置 |
DE19623209C1 (de) * | 1996-06-11 | 1998-02-26 | Rheinische Braunkohlenw Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines mit Braunkohle befeuerten Kraftwerkes sowie ein derartiges Kraftwerk |
DE29705789U1 (de) * | 1997-04-02 | 1997-06-05 | Expert Maschbau | Transformator |
EP1219893B1 (fr) * | 1998-07-29 | 2006-01-18 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé |
CN1240902A (zh) * | 1999-03-23 | 2000-01-12 | 张大力 | 改善工业锅炉燃烧的方法 |
FR2803020B1 (fr) * | 1999-12-22 | 2002-04-12 | Abb Alstom Power Comb | Procede pour reduire les emissions d'oxydes d'azote dans une installation de combustion en lit fluidise circulant |
US6360680B1 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-03-26 | Esa Environmental Solutions, Inc. | Method of operating a furnace based upon electrostatic precipitator operation |
-
2002
- 2002-12-11 FR FR0215626A patent/FR2848641B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-11-26 CN CNB2003801089347A patent/CN100529539C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-26 EP EP03786069A patent/EP1573249A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-11-26 AU AU2003295071A patent/AU2003295071A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-11-26 WO PCT/FR2003/050133 patent/WO2004055435A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-11-26 US US10/538,701 patent/US8316782B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2004055435A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2848641A1 (fr) | 2004-06-18 |
US8316782B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
CN100529539C (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
US20060254483A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
CN1738992A (zh) | 2006-02-22 |
FR2848641B1 (fr) | 2005-12-16 |
WO2004055435A1 (fr) | 2004-07-01 |
AU2003295071A1 (en) | 2004-07-09 |
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