EP1571880A2 - Hearing aid with a plurality of microphones and corresponding signal generating method - Google Patents
Hearing aid with a plurality of microphones and corresponding signal generating method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1571880A2 EP1571880A2 EP05101230A EP05101230A EP1571880A2 EP 1571880 A2 EP1571880 A2 EP 1571880A2 EP 05101230 A EP05101230 A EP 05101230A EP 05101230 A EP05101230 A EP 05101230A EP 1571880 A2 EP1571880 A2 EP 1571880A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- microphone
- hearing aid
- microphones
- signal
- aid according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/40—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic
- H04R25/405—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic by combining a plurality of transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/40—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic
- H04R25/407—Circuits for combining signals of a plurality of transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2410/00—Microphones
- H04R2410/01—Noise reduction using microphones having different directional characteristics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hearing aid with a first microphone for providing a first microphone signal, a second microphone for providing a second one Microphone signal and a signal processing device for Generating a hearing aid output signal from the first and the second microphone signal.
- the concerns present invention a corresponding method for Generating a hearing aid output signal.
- the inherent noise of the microphones in hearing aids limits the Dynamic range, especially when differential Directional microphone algorithms are used. These have to Result that at low frequencies the noise of the microphones is raised significantly.
- the directivity for low frequencies is limited, as is known, for example, from "Threemicrophone instrument is designed to extend benefits of directionality", The Hearing Journal, October 2002, Vol. 55, No. 10, pages 38-45 only a directional microphone of the first order and for high frequencies a directional microphone of the second order calculated.
- the attenuation of the interference signals which do not occur from the preferred direction, is lower for low frequencies.
- the directivity is completely removed at low input levels, so that the noise caused by a directional microphone is eliminated.
- the microphone characteristic in this case corresponds to an omnidirectional microphone.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to a directional effect in the low-frequency range to ensure reduced noise and a corresponding Hearing aid or a corresponding method for generating a To provide hearing aid output signal.
- a hearing aid with a first microphone means for providing a first Microphone signal, a second microphone device for Supplying a second microphone signal and a Signal processing device for generating a Hearing aid output signal from the first and the second Microphone signal, the first microphone device a Electret microphone and the second microphone device Includes silicon microphone.
- the favorable noise behavior of the silicon microphones at low frequencies allows a better directivity (larger directivity index) with the same noise. In other words, there is less noise with the same directivity.
- the signal quality at higher frequencies will not influenced because in this area the conventional electret microphone is used for signal recording.
- first microphone device directly a high-pass filter downstream.
- the microphone noise of the Electret microphone suppressed at low frequencies.
- the signal processing device may be an adder include, with the optionally filtered Microphone signals are added. That way you can the two microphone signals in a relatively simple manner combine.
- the Signal processing device for the first and the second Microphone signal in each case an analog / digital converter have, so that the two microphone signals digital can be combined with each other. This allows the Benefits of digital signal processing are used.
- the first microphone device at least two electret microphones.
- directional microphones of first order with two Electret microphones, directional microphones of the second order with three Electret microphones, etc. for the high-frequency range realize.
- the second microphone device include at least two silicon microphones. Leave it Directional microphones of the first order, second order, etc. for realize the low frequency range.
- the input components of a hearing aid according to the invention are outlined simplified.
- the hearing aid has a silicon microphone SM and an electret microphone EM.
- the output signal of the silicon microphone SM is fed to a low-pass filter TP.
- the output signal of the electret microphone EM is in turn directed into a high-pass filter HP.
- the cut-off frequency f G of both filters TP and HP is chosen to be approximately the same, so that, in a first approximation, a flat transmission function results for both filters together in the sum.
- the two output signals of the filters TP and HP are added in an adder A.
- the sum signal of the adder A is supplied to the further hearing aid signal processing SV.
- the illustrated combination of the two types of microphone allows that the low frequencies of the silicon microphone SM and the high frequencies recorded by the electret microphone be the broadband hearing aid input signal for the Signal processing SV to produce.
- the combination can take place analogously in the form of a crossover, or else be realized digitally.
- For the digital Signal processing are analog to digital converter additionally required.
- a directional microphone of the first or second order realize two or three such combined Silicon electret microphones each including high and low Lowpass and adder needed.
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Hörgerät mit einem ersten Mikrofon zum Liefern eines ersten Mikrofonsignals, einem zweiten Mikrofon zum Liefern eines zweiten Mikrofonsignals und einer Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hörgeräteausgangssignals aus dem ersten und dem zweiten Mikrofonsignal. Darüber hinaus betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein entsprechendes Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Hörgeräteausgangssignals.The present invention relates to a hearing aid with a first microphone for providing a first microphone signal, a second microphone for providing a second one Microphone signal and a signal processing device for Generating a hearing aid output signal from the first and the second microphone signal. In addition, the concerns present invention a corresponding method for Generating a hearing aid output signal.
Das Eigenrauschen der Mikrofone in Hörgeräten beschränkt den Dynamikbereich, insbesondere wenn differentielle Richtmikrofonalgorithmen eingesetzt werden. Diese haben zur Folge, dass bei tiefen Frequenzen das Rauschen der Mikrofone deutlich angehoben wird. Je höher die Ordnung des Richtmikrofons gewählt wird, desto gravierender wird dieser Effekt, denn bekanntermaßen fällt die Übertragungsfunktion eines Richtmikrofon zweiter Ordnung mit drei Mikrofonen zu niedrigen Frequenzen hin rascher ab als die Übertragungsfunktion eines Richtmikrofons erster Ordnung mit zwei Mikrofonen. Folglich müssen die tiefen Frequenzen bei einem Richtmikrofon zweiter Ordnung mehr nachverstärkt werden als die tiefen Frequenzen bei einem Richtmikrofon erster Ordnung, so dass das Signal/Rausch-Verhältnis bei tiefen Frequenzen für ein Richtmikrofon zweiter Ordnung ungünstiger ist.The inherent noise of the microphones in hearing aids limits the Dynamic range, especially when differential Directional microphone algorithms are used. These have to Result that at low frequencies the noise of the microphones is raised significantly. The higher the order of the Directional microphones is chosen, the more serious it becomes Effect, because it is known that the transfer function falls a directional microphone second order with three microphones too down faster than the low frequencies Transfer function of a directional microphone first order with two microphones. Consequently, the low frequencies must be included be amplified a second directional microphone more as the low frequencies in a directional microphone first Okay, so the signal-to-noise ratio at low Frequencies less favorable for a second-order directional microphone is.
Bislang wird die Richtwirkung für tiefe Frequenzen
beschränkt, wie dies beispielsweise bekannt ist aus "Threemicrophone
instrument is designed to extend benefits of
directionality", The Hearing Journal, Oktober 2002, Bd. 55,
Nr. 10, Seiten 38 bis 45. Dabei wird unterhalb einer
bestimmten Grenzfrequenz nur ein Richtmikrofon erster Ordnung
und für hohe Frequenzen ein Richtmikrofon zweiter Ordnung
berechnet.
Dadurch ist für tiefe Frequenzen auch die Dämpfung der
Störsignale, die nicht aus der Vorzugsrichtung einfallen,
geringer. Um das Rauschen für den Hörgeräteträger zu
reduzieren, wird deshalb bei leisen Eingangspegeln die
Richtwirkung ganz weggenommen, so dass das durch ein
Richtmikrofon hervorgerufene Rauschen wegfällt. Die
Mikrofoncharakteristik entspricht in diesem Fall einem
omnidirektionalen Mikrofon.So far, the directivity for low frequencies is limited, as is known, for example, from "Threemicrophone instrument is designed to extend benefits of directionality", The Hearing Journal, October 2002, Vol. 55, No. 10, pages 38-45 only a directional microphone of the first order and for high frequencies a directional microphone of the second order calculated.
As a result, the attenuation of the interference signals, which do not occur from the preferred direction, is lower for low frequencies. To reduce the noise for the hearing aid wearer, therefore, the directivity is completely removed at low input levels, so that the noise caused by a directional microphone is eliminated. The microphone characteristic in this case corresponds to an omnidirectional microphone.
Aus der nicht vorveröffentlichten Druckschrift DE 103 16 287 B3 ist ein Richtmikrofonsystem für Hörgeräte bekannt. Ein derartiges Mikrofonsystem kann auf Silicium-Mikromechanik basieren. Alternativ könnte ein Elektret-Kondensatormikrofon benutzt werden.From the unpublished document DE 103 16 287 B3 is a directional microphone system for hearing aids known. One Such microphone system can be based on silicon micromechanics based. Alternatively, an electret condenser microphone could to be used.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht somit darin, eine Richtwirkung auch im tieferfrequenten Bereich bei reduziertem Rauschen zu gewährleisten und ein entsprechendes Hörgerät bzw. ein entsprechendes Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Hörgeräteausgangssignals bereitzustellen.The object of the present invention is therefore to a directional effect in the low-frequency range to ensure reduced noise and a corresponding Hearing aid or a corresponding method for generating a To provide hearing aid output signal.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Hörgerät mit einer ersten Mikrofoneinrichtung zum Liefern eines ersten Mikrofonsignals, einer zweiten Mikrofoneinrichtung zum Liefern eines zweiten Mikrofonsignals und einer Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hörgeräteausgangssignals aus dem ersten und dem zweiten Mikrofonsignal, wobei die erste Mikrofoneinrichtung ein Elektretmikrofon und die zweite Mikrofoneinrichtung ein Silizium-Mikrofon umfasst.According to the invention this object is achieved by a hearing aid with a first microphone means for providing a first Microphone signal, a second microphone device for Supplying a second microphone signal and a Signal processing device for generating a Hearing aid output signal from the first and the second Microphone signal, the first microphone device a Electret microphone and the second microphone device Includes silicon microphone.
Das günstige Rauschverhalten der Silizium-Mikrofone bei
tiefen Frequenzen erlaubt eine bessere Richtwirkung (größerer
Directivity-Index) bei gleichem Rauschen. Anders ausgedrückt
kommt es zu einem geringeren Rauschen bei gleicher
Richtwirkung. Die Signalqualität bei höheren Frequenzen wird
nicht
beeinflusst, weil in diesem Bereich das herkömmliche
Elektretmikrofon zur Signalaufnahme verwendet wird.The favorable noise behavior of the silicon microphones at low frequencies allows a better directivity (larger directivity index) with the same noise. In other words, there is less noise with the same directivity. The signal quality at higher frequencies will not
influenced because in this area the conventional electret microphone is used for signal recording.
Vorzugsweise wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hörgerät der ersten Mikrofoneinrichtung unmittelbar ein Hochpassfilter nachgeschaltet. Auf diese Weise wird das Mikrofonrauschen des Elektretmikrofons bei niedrigen Frequenzen unterdrückt.Preferably, in the hearing aid of the invention first microphone device directly a high-pass filter downstream. In this way, the microphone noise of the Electret microphone suppressed at low frequencies.
Ebenso günstig ist es, wenn der zweiten Mikrofoneinrichtung unmittelbar ein Tiefpassfilter nachgeschaltet wird. Dadurch wird die weniger positive Übertragungscharakteristik des Silizium-Mikrofons ausgeblendet.It is equally favorable if the second microphone device immediately downstream of a low-pass filter. Thereby becomes the less positive transfer characteristic of the Silicon microphones hidden.
Die Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung kann einen Addierer umfassen, mit dem die gegebenenfalls gefilterten Mikrofonsignale addiert werden. Auf diese Weise lassen sich die beiden Mikrofonsignale auf relativ einfache Weise kombinieren. Darüber hinaus kann die Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung für das erste und das zweite Mikrofonsignal jeweils einen Analog/Digital-Wandler aufweisen, so dass die beiden Mikrofonsignale digital miteinander kombiniert werden können. Hierdurch können die Vorzüge der digitalen Signalverarbeitung genutzt werden.The signal processing device may be an adder include, with the optionally filtered Microphone signals are added. That way you can the two microphone signals in a relatively simple manner combine. In addition, the Signal processing device for the first and the second Microphone signal in each case an analog / digital converter have, so that the two microphone signals digital can be combined with each other. This allows the Benefits of digital signal processing are used.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die erste Mikrofoneinrichtung mindestens zwei Elektretmikrofone. Somit lassen sich Richtmikrofone erster Ordnung mit zwei Elektretmikrofonen, Richtmikrofone zweiter Ordnung mit drei Elektretmikrofonen usw. für den Hochtonbereich realisieren.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first microphone device at least two electret microphones. Thus, directional microphones of first order with two Electret microphones, directional microphones of the second order with three Electret microphones, etc. for the high-frequency range realize.
In gleicher Weise kann die zweite Mikrofoneinrichtung mindestens zwei Silizium-Mikrofone umfassen. Damit lassen sich Richtmikrofone erster Ordnung, zweiter Ordnung usw. für den Tieftonbereich realisieren.In the same way, the second microphone device include at least two silicon microphones. Leave it Directional microphones of the first order, second order, etc. for realize the low frequency range.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher erläutert, die ein Prinzipschaltbild eines erfindungsgemäßen Hörgeräts darstellt.The present invention will now be described with reference to the attached Drawing explained in more detail, which is a schematic diagram of a represents hearing aid according to the invention.
Die nachfolgend näher beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele stellen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung dar.The embodiments described in more detail below represent preferred embodiments of the present invention Invention.
In der Figur sind die Eingangskomponenten eines erfindungsgemäßen Hörgeräts vereinfacht skizziert. Demnach besitzt das Hörgerät ein Silizium-Mikrofon SM und ein Elektretmikrofon EM. Das Ausgangssignal des Silizium-Mikrofons SM wird einem Tiefpassfilter TP zugeführt. Das Ausgangssignal des Elektretmikrofons EM wird seinerseits in ein Hochpassfilter HP geleitet. Die Grenzfrequenz fG beider Filter TP und HP ist etwa gleich hoch gewählt, so dass sich in erster Näherung in der Summe eine flach ausgebildete Übertragungsfunktion für beide Filter zusammen ergibt. Die beiden Ausgangssignale der Filter TP und HP werden in einem Addierer A addiert. Das Summensignal des Addierers A wird der weiteren Hörgerätesignalverarbeitung SV zugeführt.In the figure, the input components of a hearing aid according to the invention are outlined simplified. Accordingly, the hearing aid has a silicon microphone SM and an electret microphone EM. The output signal of the silicon microphone SM is fed to a low-pass filter TP. The output signal of the electret microphone EM is in turn directed into a high-pass filter HP. The cut-off frequency f G of both filters TP and HP is chosen to be approximately the same, so that, in a first approximation, a flat transmission function results for both filters together in the sum. The two output signals of the filters TP and HP are added in an adder A. The sum signal of the adder A is supplied to the further hearing aid signal processing SV.
Mit diesem Aufbau kann ausgenützt werden, dass Silizium-Mikrofone bei niedrigen Frequenzen ein geringes Eigenrauschen besitzen, während sie bei höheren Frequenzen schlechter abschneiden als herkömmliche Elektretmikrofone. Die dargestellte Kombination der beiden Mikrofontypen ermöglicht, dass die tiefen Frequenzen von dem Silizium-Mikrofon SM und die hohen Frequenzen von dem Elektretmikrofon aufgenommen werden, um das breitbandige Hörgeräte-Eingangssignal für die Signalverarbeitung SV zu erzeugen. Die Kombination kann analog in Form einer Frequenzweiche erfolgen, oder aber digital realisiert werden. Für die digitale Signalverarbeitung sind entsprechend Analog/Digital-Konverter zusätzlich erforderlich.With this structure can be exploited that silicon microphones at low frequencies a low self-noise while worse at higher frequencies cut off as conventional electret microphones. The illustrated combination of the two types of microphone allows that the low frequencies of the silicon microphone SM and the high frequencies recorded by the electret microphone be the broadband hearing aid input signal for the Signal processing SV to produce. The combination can take place analogously in the form of a crossover, or else be realized digitally. For the digital Signal processing are analog to digital converter additionally required.
Um ein Richtmikrofon erster oder zweiter Ordnung zu realisieren werden zwei bzw. drei solcher kombinierten Silizium-Elektret-Mikrofone jeweils einschließlich Hoch- und Tiefpass sowie Addierer benötigt.To order a directional microphone of the first or second order realize two or three such combined Silicon electret microphones each including high and low Lowpass and adder needed.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004010863A DE102004010863B3 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2004-03-05 | Hearing aid with several microphones |
| DE102004010863 | 2004-03-05 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1571880A2 true EP1571880A2 (en) | 2005-09-07 |
| EP1571880A3 EP1571880A3 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
| EP1571880B1 EP1571880B1 (en) | 2010-07-21 |
Family
ID=34745410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05101230A Revoked EP1571880B1 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-02-18 | Hearing aid with a plurality of microphones |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7756282B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1571880B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE102004010863B3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1571880T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009143434A3 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2010-05-27 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Wide dynamic range microphone |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8107654B2 (en) | 2008-05-21 | 2012-01-31 | Starkey Laboratories, Inc | Mixing of in-the-ear microphone and outside-the-ear microphone signals to enhance spatial perception |
| US8233637B2 (en) | 2009-01-20 | 2012-07-31 | Nokia Corporation | Multi-membrane microphone for high-amplitude audio capture |
| US9380380B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2016-06-28 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. | Acoustic transducer and interface circuit |
| JP5872163B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2016-03-01 | オムロン株式会社 | Acoustic transducer and microphone using the acoustic transducer |
| DE102020202206A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2021-08-26 | Sivantos Pte. Ltd. | Method for suppressing inherent noise in a microphone arrangement |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10316287B3 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2004-07-15 | Siemens Audiologische Technik Gmbh | Directional microphone for hearing aid having 2 acoustically coupled membranes each coupled to respective sound entry opening |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3458668A (en) * | 1966-12-06 | 1969-07-29 | Willco Horgerate Medizinische | Directional hearing aid |
| US5715319A (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1998-02-03 | Picturetel Corporation | Method and apparatus for steerable and endfire superdirective microphone arrays with reduced analog-to-digital converter and computational requirements |
| DE19635229C2 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 2001-04-26 | Siemens Audiologische Technik | Direction sensitive hearing aid |
| JP2003532881A (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2003-11-05 | マイクロブリッジ テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | Gas flow sensor, speaker system, and microphone utilizing measurement of absolute pressure over time |
| US20040101153A1 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2004-05-27 | Oleg Grudin | Gas flow sensor, speaker system and microphone, utilizing measurement absolute of time-variations in absolute pressure |
| US6870939B2 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2005-03-22 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | SMT-type structure of the silicon-based electret condenser microphone |
-
2004
- 2004-03-05 DE DE102004010863A patent/DE102004010863B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-02-18 DK DK05101230.0T patent/DK1571880T3/en active
- 2005-02-18 DE DE502005009928T patent/DE502005009928D1/en active Active
- 2005-02-18 EP EP05101230A patent/EP1571880B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2005-03-03 US US11/073,044 patent/US7756282B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10316287B3 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2004-07-15 | Siemens Audiologische Technik Gmbh | Directional microphone for hearing aid having 2 acoustically coupled membranes each coupled to respective sound entry opening |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| THOMAS A. POWERS AND VOLKMAR HAMACHER: "Three-microphone instrument is designed to extend benefits of directionality" THE HEARING JOURNAL, Bd. 55, Oktober 2002 (2002-10), Seiten 38-45, XP002532166 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009143434A3 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2010-05-27 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Wide dynamic range microphone |
| US8223981B2 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2012-07-17 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Wide dynamic range microphone |
| US9008323B2 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2015-04-14 | Invensense, Inc. | Wide dynamic range microphone |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7756282B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
| DK1571880T3 (en) | 2010-11-01 |
| EP1571880B1 (en) | 2010-07-21 |
| EP1571880A3 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
| DE102004010863B3 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
| DE502005009928D1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
| US20050196001A1 (en) | 2005-09-08 |
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