EP1570170A1 - Fuel-injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel-injection valve

Info

Publication number
EP1570170A1
EP1570170A1 EP03812120A EP03812120A EP1570170A1 EP 1570170 A1 EP1570170 A1 EP 1570170A1 EP 03812120 A EP03812120 A EP 03812120A EP 03812120 A EP03812120 A EP 03812120A EP 1570170 A1 EP1570170 A1 EP 1570170A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
fuel injection
fuel
stop surface
injection valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03812120A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1570170B1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Roessler
Achim Degel
Rolf Keller
Markus Gesk
Guido Pilgram
Bernd Einwiller
Norbert Keim
Michael Lingner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1570170A1 publication Critical patent/EP1570170A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1570170B1 publication Critical patent/EP1570170B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49231—I.C. [internal combustion] engine making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49401—Fluid pattern dispersing device making, e.g., ink jet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49405—Valve or choke making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49405—Valve or choke making
    • Y10T29/49412—Valve or choke making with assembly, disassembly or composite article making
    • Y10T29/49425—Valve or choke making with assembly, disassembly or composite article making including metallurgical bonding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49405—Valve or choke making
    • Y10T29/49426—Valve or choke making including metal shaping and diverse operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49982—Coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • an electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valve is known, the armature of which is characterized in that the armature stop surface facing the inner pole is of slightly wedge-shaped design, in order to reduce the hydraulic damping when the fuel injector is opened and the hydraulic adhesive force after the solenoid coil is switched off To minimize or completely prevent electricity. Furthermore, the stop surface of the armature is designed to be wear-resistant by suitable measures such as vapor deposition and nitriding, so that the stop surface has the same size throughout the life of the fuel injector and the operation of the fuel injector is not impaired.
  • a disadvantage of the fuel injector known from EP 0 683 862 B1 is, above all, the hydraulic damping force which is still present in the working gap when the armature is tightened, despite the optimized armature stop surface. Is an excitation current to the solenoid applied, the armature moves in the direction of the inner pole and thereby displaces the fuel present between the inner pole and the armature. Due to the effects of friction and inertia, a local pressure field is created, which generates a hydraulic force on the anchor stop surface that acts against the direction of movement of the anchor. This extends the opening and metering times of the fuel injector.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with the features of the main claim has the advantage that the design of the surface structure of the coating applied to the armature on the one hand effectively protects the armature stop surface and on the other hand the hydraulic damping force is considerably reduced, as a result of which the fuel injector can be opened more quickly, which in more precise metering times and quantities as well as a higher endurance resistance results.
  • the coating has raised and recessed areas, the height difference between the areas being dimensioned such that the recessed areas remain below the raised areas even after long operation.
  • the height difference is advantageously between 5 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ , which exceeds the normal removal after the running-in phase.
  • the coating is advantageously constructed from one or more chrome layers. drawing
  • FIG. 2A shows a highly schematic, enlarged detail from an exemplary embodiment of a newly coated armature of a fuel injector according to the invention.
  • Embodiment of the anchor after a long running phase Embodiment of the anchor after a long running phase.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B Before an embodiment of an armature of a fuel injection valve according to the invention is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, a fuel injector already known with regard to its essential components will first be briefly explained with reference to FIG. 1 for a better understanding of the invention.
  • An exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 shown in FIG. 1 is in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignited
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is particularly suitable for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4, which cooperates with a valve seat surface 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is a fuel injection valve 1 that opens inwards and has a spray opening 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a solenoid 10.
  • the magnet coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a coil carrier 12, which bears against an inner pole 13 of the magnet coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from one another by a constriction 26 and connected to one another by a non-ferromagnetic connection component 29.
  • the magnet coil 10 is excited via a line 19 by an electrical current that can be supplied via an electrical plug contact 17.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 18, which can be molded onto the inner pole 13.
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is disc-shaped.
  • a paired adjusting disk 15 is used for stroke adjustment.
  • the armature 20 is located on the other side of the adjusting disk 15. This armature is non-positively connected to the valve needle 3 via a first flange 21, which is connected to the first flange 21 by a weld seam 22.
  • a restoring spring 23 is supported on the first flange 21 and, in the present design of the fuel injector 1, is preloaded by a sleeve 24.
  • Fuel channels 30, 31 and 32 run in the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on a guide element 36.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the fuel injector 1 is against by a seal 28 a fuel rail, not shown, and sealed by a further seal 37 against a cylinder head, not shown.
  • An annular damping element 33 which consists of an elastomer material, is arranged on the spray-side side of the armature 20. It rests on a second flange 34, which is non-positively connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 35.
  • the armature 20 In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction in such a way that the valve closing body 4 is held in sealing contact with the valve seat surface 6.
  • the magnetic coil 10 When the magnetic coil 10 is excited, it builds up a magnetic field which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, the stroke being predetermined by a working gap 27 which is in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20.
  • the armature 20 also takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, in the lifting direction.
  • the valve closing body 4, which is connected to the valve needle 3, lifts off the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel guided through the fuel channels 30 to 32 is sprayed off through the spray opening 7.
  • the armature 20 drops from the inner pole 13 after the magnetic field has been sufficiently reduced by the pressure of the return spring 23, as a result of which the first flange 21, which is connected to the valve needle 3, moves counter to the stroke direction.
  • the valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, as a result of which the valve-closure member 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injector 1 is closed.
  • FIG. 2A shows a highly schematic, fragmentary illustration of an armature stop surface 38 facing the inner pole 13 of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • the armature 20 can already, as in that in FIG. 1, already Fuel injector 1 described in more detail.
  • the anchor stop surface 38 is provided according to the invention with a coating 40, which on the one hand protects the anchor stop surface 38 and a corresponding stop surface 39 on the inner pole 13 from wear and, on the other hand, due to its special surface structure 41 for rapid drainage of the fuel when the armature 20 is pulled when the solenoid is energized 10 ensures and thus does not interfere with the opening process of the fuel injector 1.
  • the cavitation of the armature stop surface 38 and the stop surface 39 of the inner pole 13 is reduced since the fuel is not swirled.
  • the surface structure 41 has raised and deepened areas 42, 43 which are achieved by a corresponding coating process. Chromium is preferably used for the coating 40, which is applied in several layers to the anchor stop surface 38 of the anchor 20. This results, in particular, in domed regions 42, between which the recessed regions 43 are formed.
  • the area which is available as an anchor stop surface 38 due to the alternating raised and recessed regions 42, 43 is, as expected, smaller than a closed anchor stop surface 38, so that when the fuel injector 1 closes, there is a reduced hydraulic sticking between the anchor stop surface 38 and the stop surface 39 of the Inner pole 13 can be observed.
  • the surface structure 41 is removed to such an extent after an initial phase in continuous operation that a stable surface structure 41 with subsequent very low wear occurs (running-in), which nevertheless continues to serve as a drainage through the deepened Areas 43 has.
  • the difference in height between the elevated and the recessed areas 42, 43 before running in, is between 5 and 10 ⁇ m and decreases according to the typical wear depths of approx. 4 to 5 ⁇ m. This ensures effective drainage of the armature stop surface 38 and at the same time a large contact surface between the armature stop surface 38 and the stop surface 39 of the inner pole 13.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown and can also be implemented with a large number of other designs of fuel injection valves.
  • the coating 40 may e.g. B. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be provided on the stop surface 39 of the inner pole 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel-injection valve (1) for fuel-injection systems of internal combustion engines. Said valve comprises a solenoid (10), an armature (20) that is subjected to the force of a restoring spring (23) in a closing direction and a valve needle (3), which is connected to the armature (20) by a force-fit. A valve closing body (4), which forms a seal seat together with a valve seat surface (6), is configured on said valve needle. An armature stop face (38) of the armature (20) strikes against a stop face (39) of an internal pole (13) of the solenoid (10) and the armature stop face (38) is provided with a coating (40), whose surface is structured (41).

Description

Brennstoffeinspritzventil Fuel injector
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs .The invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.
Aus der EP 0 683 862 Bl ist ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Brennstoffeinspritzventil be annt, dessen Anker dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die dem Innenpol zugewandte Ankeranschlagfläche geringfügig keilförmig ausgebildet ist, um die hydraulische Dämpfung beim Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils und die hydraulische Adhäsionskraft nach Abschaltung des die Magnetspule erregenden Stromes zu minimieren oder ganz zu unterbinden. Ferner ist durch geeignete Maßnahmen wie Bedampfen und Nitrieren die Anschlagfläche des Ankers verschleißfest gestaltet, so daß die Anschlagfläche während der gesamten Lebensdauer des Brennstoffeinspritzventils die gleiche Größe aufweist und die Funktionsweise des Brennstoffeinspritzventils nicht beeinträchtigt wird.From EP 0 683 862 Bl an electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valve is known, the armature of which is characterized in that the armature stop surface facing the inner pole is of slightly wedge-shaped design, in order to reduce the hydraulic damping when the fuel injector is opened and the hydraulic adhesive force after the solenoid coil is switched off To minimize or completely prevent electricity. Furthermore, the stop surface of the armature is designed to be wear-resistant by suitable measures such as vapor deposition and nitriding, so that the stop surface has the same size throughout the life of the fuel injector and the operation of the fuel injector is not impaired.
Nachteilig an dem aus der EP 0 683 862 Bl bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist vor allem die trotz der optimierten Ankeranschlagfläche nach wie vor vorhandene hydraulische Dämpfungskraft im Arbeitsspalt beim Anziehen des Ankers. Wird ein Erregerstrom an die Magnetspule angelegt, bewegt sich der Anker in Richtung des Innenpols und verdrängt dabei den zwischen dem Innenpol und dem Anker vorhandenen Brennstoff. Aufgrund von Reibungs- und Trägheitseffekten kommt es dabei zum Aufbau eines lokalen Druckfeldes, welches auf der Ankeranschlagfläche eine hydraulische Kraft erzeugt, die gegen die Bewegungsrichtung des Ankers wirkt. Dadurch verlängern sich die Öffnungs- und Zumeßzeiten des Brennstoffeinspritzventils .A disadvantage of the fuel injector known from EP 0 683 862 B1 is, above all, the hydraulic damping force which is still present in the working gap when the armature is tightened, despite the optimized armature stop surface. Is an excitation current to the solenoid applied, the armature moves in the direction of the inner pole and thereby displaces the fuel present between the inner pole and the armature. Due to the effects of friction and inertia, a local pressure field is created, which generates a hydraulic force on the anchor stop surface that acts against the direction of movement of the anchor. This extends the opening and metering times of the fuel injector.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den Merkmalen des Haupt nspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß durch die Gestaltung der Oberflächenstruktur der auf den Anker aufgebrachten Beschichtung einerseits die Ankeranschlagfläche effektiv geschützt und andererseits die hydraulische Dämpfungskraft erheblich herabgesetzt wird, wodurch das Brennstoffeinspritzventil schneller geöffnet werden kann, was in präziseren Zumeßzeiten und -mengen sowie einer höheren Dauerlauffestigkeit resultiert.The fuel injector according to the invention with the features of the main claim has the advantage that the design of the surface structure of the coating applied to the armature on the one hand effectively protects the armature stop surface and on the other hand the hydraulic damping force is considerably reduced, as a result of which the fuel injector can be opened more quickly, which in more precise metering times and quantities as well as a higher endurance resistance results.
Von Vorteil ist insbesondere, daß die Beschichtung erhöhte und vertiefte Bereiche aufweist, wobei die Höhendifferenz zwischen den Bereichen so bemessen ist, daß die vertieften Bereiche auch nach langem Betrieb noch unterhalb der erhöhten Bereiche verbleiben.It is particularly advantageous that the coating has raised and recessed areas, the height difference between the areas being dimensioned such that the recessed areas remain below the raised areas even after long operation.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments and improvements of the fuel injector specified in the main claim.
Der Höhenunterschied liegt dabei vorteilhafterweise zwischen 5 μm und 10 μ , was den normalen Abtrag nach der Einlaufphase übersteigt.The height difference is advantageously between 5 μm and 10 μ, which exceeds the normal removal after the running-in phase.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Beschichtung aus einer oder mehreren Chromschichten aufgebaut . ZeichnungThe coating is advantageously constructed from one or more chrome layers. drawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen axialen Schnitt durch ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil gemäß dem Stand der Technik,1 is an axial section through a fuel injection valve according to the prior art,
Fig. 2A einen stark schematisierten, vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus einem Ausführungsbeispiel eines neubeschichteten Ankers eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils; und2A shows a highly schematic, enlarged detail from an exemplary embodiment of a newly coated armature of a fuel injector according to the invention; and
Fig. 2B einen stark schematisierten, vergrößerten2B shows a highly schematic, enlarged
Ausschnitt aus dem in Fig. 2A dargestelltenDetail from that shown in Fig. 2A
Ausführungsbeispiel des Ankers nach einer längeren Laufphase.Embodiment of the anchor after a long running phase.
Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment
Bevor anhand der Fig. 2A und 2B ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Ankers eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils näher beschrieben wird, soll zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung zunächst anhand von Fig. 1 ein bereits bekanntes Brennstoffeinspritzventil bezüglich seiner wesentlichen Bauteile kurz erläutert werden.Before an embodiment of an armature of a fuel injection valve according to the invention is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, a fuel injector already known with regard to its essential components will first be briefly explained with reference to FIG. 1 for a better understanding of the invention.
Ein in Fig. 1 dargestelltes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündetenAn exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 shown in FIG. 1 is in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignited
Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt . Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine . Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 besteht aus einem Düsenkörper 2, in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel 3 steht mit einem Ventilschließkörper 4 in Wirkverbindung, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, welches über eine Abspritzöffnung 7 verfügt. Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen einen Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet. Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch eine Verengung 26 voneinander getrennt und miteinander durch ein nicht ferromagnetisch.es Verbindungsbauteil 29 verbunden. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.Running internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve 1 is particularly suitable for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine. The fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4, which cooperates with a valve seat surface 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat. In the exemplary embodiment, the fuel injection valve 1 is a fuel injection valve 1 that opens inwards and has a spray opening 7. The nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a solenoid 10. The magnet coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a coil carrier 12, which bears against an inner pole 13 of the magnet coil 10. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from one another by a constriction 26 and connected to one another by a non-ferromagnetic connection component 29. The magnet coil 10 is excited via a line 19 by an electrical current that can be supplied via an electrical plug contact 17. The plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 18, which can be molded onto the inner pole 13.
Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt, welche scheiben örmig ausgeführt ist. Zur Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellscheibe 15. An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich der Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 in - Verbindung , welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is disc-shaped. A paired adjusting disk 15 is used for stroke adjustment. The armature 20 is located on the other side of the adjusting disk 15. This armature is non-positively connected to the valve needle 3 via a first flange 21, which is connected to the first flange 21 by a weld seam 22. A restoring spring 23 is supported on the first flange 21 and, in the present design of the fuel injector 1, is preloaded by a sleeve 24.
In der Ventilnadelführung 14, im Anker 20 und an einem Führungselement 36 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30, 31 und 32. Der Brennstoff wird über eine zentrale Brennstoffzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch eine Dichtung 28 gegen eine nicht weiter dargestellte Brennstoffverteilerleitung und durch eine weitere Dichtung 37 gegen einen nicht weiter dargestellten Zylinderkopf abgedichtet.Fuel channels 30, 31 and 32 run in the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on a guide element 36. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25. The fuel injector 1 is against by a seal 28 a fuel rail, not shown, and sealed by a further seal 37 against a cylinder head, not shown.
An der abspritzseitigen Seite des Ankers 20 ist ein ringförmiges Dämpfungselement 33, welches aus einem Elastomerwerkstoff besteht, angeordnet. Es liegt auf einem zweiten Flansch 34 auf, welcher über eine Schweißnaht 35 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 verbunden ist.An annular damping element 33, which consists of an elastomer material, is arranged on the spray-side side of the armature 20. It rests on a second flange 34, which is non-positively connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 35.
Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der Anker 20 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkδrper 4 an der Ventilsitzfläche 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt, wobei der Hub durch einen in der Ruhestellung zwischen dem Innenpol 12 und dem Anker 20 befindlichen Arbeitsspalt 27 vorgegeben ist. Der Anker 20 nimmt den ersten Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit. Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab, und der über die Brennstoffkanäle 30 bis 32 geführte Brennstoff wird durch die Abspritzöffnung 7 abgespritzt.In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction in such a way that the valve closing body 4 is held in sealing contact with the valve seat surface 6. When the magnetic coil 10 is excited, it builds up a magnetic field which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, the stroke being predetermined by a working gap 27 which is in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20. The armature 20 also takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, in the lifting direction. The valve closing body 4, which is connected to the valve needle 3, lifts off the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel guided through the fuel channels 30 to 32 is sprayed off through the spray opening 7.
Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung stehende erste Flansch 21 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt . Die Ventilnadel 3 wird dadurch in die gleiche Richtung bewegt, wodurch der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 aufsetzt und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 geschlossen wird.If the coil current is switched off, the armature 20 drops from the inner pole 13 after the magnetic field has been sufficiently reduced by the pressure of the return spring 23, as a result of which the first flange 21, which is connected to the valve needle 3, moves counter to the stroke direction. The valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, as a result of which the valve-closure member 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injector 1 is closed.
Fig. 2A zeigt in einer stark schematisierten, ausschnittsweisen Darstellung eine dem Innenpol 13 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 zugewandte Ankeranschlagfläche 38. Der Anker 20 kann dabei wie in dem in Fig. 1 bereits näher beschriebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ausgebildet sein.FIG. 2A shows a highly schematic, fragmentary illustration of an armature stop surface 38 facing the inner pole 13 of the fuel injection valve 1. The armature 20 can already, as in that in FIG. 1, already Fuel injector 1 described in more detail.
Die Ankeranschlag läche 38 ist erfindungsgemäß mit einer Beschichtung 40 versehen, welche einerseits die Ankeranschlagflache 38 sowie eine entsprechende Anschlagfläche 39 am Innenpol 13 vor Verschleiß schützt und andererseits durch ihre spezielle Oberflächenstruktur 41 für ein zügiges Abfließen des Brennstoffs beim Anziehen des Ankers 20 bei Bestromung der Magnetspule 10 sorgt und damit den Öffnungsvorgang des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 nicht stört. Zudem wird die Kavitation der Ankeranschlagflache 38 sowie der Anschlagfläche 39 des Innenpols 13 verringert, da der Brennstoff nicht verwirbelt wird.The anchor stop surface 38 is provided according to the invention with a coating 40, which on the one hand protects the anchor stop surface 38 and a corresponding stop surface 39 on the inner pole 13 from wear and, on the other hand, due to its special surface structure 41 for rapid drainage of the fuel when the armature 20 is pulled when the solenoid is energized 10 ensures and thus does not interfere with the opening process of the fuel injector 1. In addition, the cavitation of the armature stop surface 38 and the stop surface 39 of the inner pole 13 is reduced since the fuel is not swirled.
Die Oberflächenstruktur 41 weist dabei erhöhte und vertiefte Bereiche 42, 43 auf, welche durch ein entsprechendes Beschichtungsverfahren erzielt werden. Bevorzugt wird für die Beschichtung 40 Chrom verwendet, welches in mehreren Schichten auf die Ankeranschlagfläche 38 des Ankers 20 aufgebracht wird. Dadurch ergeben sich insbesondere kalottenförmig erhabene Bereiche 42, zwischen welchen die vertieften Bereiche 43 ausgebildet sind.The surface structure 41 has raised and deepened areas 42, 43 which are achieved by a corresponding coating process. Chromium is preferably used for the coating 40, which is applied in several layers to the anchor stop surface 38 of the anchor 20. This results, in particular, in domed regions 42, between which the recessed regions 43 are formed.
Die Fläche, welche durch die wechselnden erhabenen und vertieften Bereiche 42, 43 als Ankeranschlagflache 38 zur Verfügung steht, ist erwartungsgemäß kleiner als eine geschlossene Ankeranschlagfläche 38, so daß beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ein verringertes hydraulisches Kleben zwischen der Ankeranschlagfläche 38 und der Anschlagfläche 39 des Innenpols 13 zu beobachten ist.The area which is available as an anchor stop surface 38 due to the alternating raised and recessed regions 42, 43 is, as expected, smaller than a closed anchor stop surface 38, so that when the fuel injector 1 closes, there is a reduced hydraulic sticking between the anchor stop surface 38 and the stop surface 39 of the Inner pole 13 can be observed.
Andererseits wird die Oberflächenstruktur 41, wie aus Fig. 2B ersichtlich, nach einer Anfangsphase im Dauerbetrieb so weit abgetragen, daß sich eine stabile Oberflächenstruktur 41 mit nachfolgend sehr geringem Verschleiß einstellt (Einlaufen) , welche trotzdem nach wie vor über die vertieften, als Entwässerung dienenden Bereiche 43 verfügt. Der Höhenunterschied, welcher zwischen den erhöhten und den vertieften Bereichen 42, 43 vor dem Einlaufen besteht, liegt dabei zwischen 5 und 10 μm und verringert sich gemäß den typischen Verschleißtiefen von ca. 4 bis 5 μm. Dadurch ist eine effektive Entwässerung der Ankeranschlagfläche 38 und zugleich eine große Kontaktfläche zwischen Ankeranschlagfläche 38 und Anschlagfläche 39 des Innenpols 13 gewährleistet.On the other hand, as can be seen from FIG. 2B, the surface structure 41 is removed to such an extent after an initial phase in continuous operation that a stable surface structure 41 with subsequent very low wear occurs (running-in), which nevertheless continues to serve as a drainage through the deepened Areas 43 has. The difference in height between the elevated and the recessed areas 42, 43 before running in, is between 5 and 10 μm and decreases according to the typical wear depths of approx. 4 to 5 μm. This ensures effective drainage of the armature stop surface 38 and at the same time a large contact surface between the armature stop surface 38 and the stop surface 39 of the inner pole 13.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt und auch bei einer Vielzahl anderer Bauweisen von Brennstoffeinspritzventilen realisierbar. Die Beschichtung 40 kann z. B. alternativ oder zusätzlich auch an der Anschlagfläche 39 des Innenpols 13 vorgesehen sein. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown and can also be implemented with a large number of other designs of fuel injection valves. The coating 40 may e.g. B. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be provided on the stop surface 39 of the inner pole 13.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Brennstoffeinspritzventil (1) für1. Fuel injector (1) for
Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen, mit einer Magnetspule (10), einem in einer Schließrichtung von einer Rückstellfeder (23) beaufschlagten Anker (20) und einer mit dem Anker (20) kraftschlüssig in Verbindung stehenden Ventilnadel (3) , an der ein VentilschließkörperFuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, with a magnet coil (10), an armature (20) acted upon in a closing direction by a return spring (23) and a valve needle (3) non-positively connected to the armature (20), on which a valve closing body
(4) ausgebildet ist, der zusammen mit einer Ventilsitzfläche(4) is formed together with a valve seat
(6) einen Dichtsitz bildet, wobei der Anker (20) mit einer(6) forms a sealing seat, the armature (20) with a
Ankeranschlagfläche (38) an einer Anschlagfläche (39) einesAnchor stop surface (38) on a stop surface (39)
Innenpols (13) der Magnetspule (10) anschlägt und die Ankeranschlagfläche (38) und/oder die Anschlagfläche (39). mit einer Beschichtung (40) versehen ist, dadurch, gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (40) eine Oberflächenstruktur (41) mit erhöhten Bereichen (42) und vertieften Bereichen (43) aufweist .Inner pole (13) of the magnetic coil (10) and the armature stop surface (38) and / or the stop surface (39). is provided with a coating (40), characterized in that the coating (40) has a surface structure (41) with raised areas (42) and recessed areas (43).
2. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erhöhten Bereiche (42) kalottenförmig ausgebildet sind.2. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the raised areas (42) are dome-shaped.
3. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Höhenunterschied zwischen den erhöhten und den vertieften Bereichen (42, 43) so bemessen ist, daß er größer als ein durch Beanspruchung auftretender Abtrag der erhöhten Bereiche (42) ist.3. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that a difference in height between the raised and the recessed areas (42, 43) is dimensioned such that it is greater than a removal of the raised areas (42) due to stress.
4. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Höhenunterschied zwischen 5 μm und 10 μm beträgt.4. Fuel injection valve according to claim 3, characterized in that the height difference is between 5 microns and 10 microns.
5. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (40) aus Chrom besteht.5. Fuel injection valve according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the coating (40) consists of chromium.
6. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (40) aus mehreren Chromschichten aufgebaut ist. 6. Fuel injection valve according to claim 5, characterized in that the coating (40) is made up of several chrome layers.
EP03812120.8A 2002-12-04 2003-07-02 Fuel-injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP1570170B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10256662 2002-03-04
DE10256662A DE10256662A1 (en) 2002-12-04 2002-12-04 Fuel injector
PCT/DE2003/002211 WO2004051072A1 (en) 2002-12-04 2003-07-02 Fuel-injection valve

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EP1570170A1 true EP1570170A1 (en) 2005-09-07
EP1570170B1 EP1570170B1 (en) 2014-04-16

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EP (1) EP1570170B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2006509140A (en)
CN (1) CN100432418C (en)
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WO2004051072A1 (en) 2004-06-17
US8656591B2 (en) 2014-02-25
US20110305823A1 (en) 2011-12-15
DE10256662A1 (en) 2004-06-17
CN100432418C (en) 2008-11-12
US20060151639A1 (en) 2006-07-13
JP2006509140A (en) 2006-03-16
EP1570170B1 (en) 2014-04-16
US8020789B2 (en) 2011-09-20

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