EP1565653B1 - Hydraulic machine - Google Patents

Hydraulic machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1565653B1
EP1565653B1 EP03767903A EP03767903A EP1565653B1 EP 1565653 B1 EP1565653 B1 EP 1565653B1 EP 03767903 A EP03767903 A EP 03767903A EP 03767903 A EP03767903 A EP 03767903A EP 1565653 B1 EP1565653 B1 EP 1565653B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
machine
switching means
valve
passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03767903A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1565653A1 (en
Inventor
Gaëtan THIERRY
David Higham
David Vacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dosatron International SAS
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Dosatron International SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1565653A1 publication Critical patent/EP1565653A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/03—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with movement in two directions being obtained by two single-acting piston liquid engines, each acting in one direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/08—Distributing valve-gear peculiar thereto
    • F03C1/10—Distributing valve-gear peculiar thereto actuated by piston or piston-rod
    • F03C1/12—Distributing valve-gear peculiar thereto actuated by piston or piston-rod mechanically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B13/00—Pumps specially modified to deliver fixed or variable measured quantities
    • F04B13/02—Pumps specially modified to deliver fixed or variable measured quantities of two or more fluids at the same time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F04B9/103—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber
    • F04B9/1035—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber the movement of the pump piston in the two directions being obtained by two single-acting liquid motors each acting in one direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to hydraulic motors. However, the invention could be applied to other machines, such as hydraulic pumps.
  • a first object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic machine of the kind in question whose size, particularly in the direction of movement of the piston, is lower.
  • Another object is to improve the sealing of the switching means and to avoid an influence of the position of the piston on these switching means.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic machine of simple structure making it possible to clearly define the races of the piston, especially to ensure a precise dosage in the case of a motor coupled to a metering device.
  • Ducts are provided in the body for supplying and discharging liquid from the chambers in connection with the switching means.
  • the body of the machine comprises, inside, an exchangeable cylindrical liner defining the cylindrical housing of the piston.
  • This cylindrical jacket may be of a different material than the body, more resistant to wear.
  • the body of the machine may be cylindrical and admit a first geometric axis, and the cylindrical housing of the piston has a second geometric axis, parallel to the first, but radially offset.
  • the switching means may comprise two valves having seats located in the body, or in a fixed part relative to the body, a valve ensuring the admission of liquid and the other valve ensuring the exit.
  • valves are preferably housed in the part of the body located, relative to the geometric axis of the body, opposite the geometric axis of the piston housing.
  • Each valve may comprise a cylindrical passage opening at each axial end to communicate with one of the chambers delimited by the piston.
  • Each passage is provided with a seat at each of its ends, and an axially movable core in the passage is adapted to close, depending on its position, one of the ends of the passage by bearing against the corresponding seat.
  • the geometric axes of the passages of the two valves are parallel to each other and to the direction of movement of the piston.
  • the passages may be close to each other, separated by a wall.
  • Each core may comprise, towards each end, a bulge, advantageously provided with a seal, able to bear against a corresponding seat, and the zone located substantially at mid-length of the passage communicates with an inlet or outlet duct leading to the outside.
  • This duct may have an orthogonal axis to that of the flap passage and cut this passage.
  • the cores of the valves are coupled to a lantern that can move parallel to the direction of the axes of the valve passages.
  • This lantern can be arranged in a housing of the body located on the side of the valves opposite a closure lid of the body. The lantern can occupy two stable positions.
  • the control means for a sudden change in the position of the switching means, and the lantern are advantageously formed by a rocker device oriented as a whole orthogonal to the direction of movement of the piston.
  • the rocker may comprise an articulated rod, at its end remote from the lantern, on an axis carried by the body of the machine, and a rotary arm articulated on the same axis, this arm being longer than the rod and carrying, at its far end of the axis of articulation, a hammer that can move in a window of the lantern; a leaf spring curve arc is compressed between two integral axes respectively of the rod and the arm.
  • the two stable positions of the rocker correspond to two configurations in which the link is on one side or the other of the arm.
  • a stopper plug is rotatably mounted in the housing of the body below the lantern and allows, in a given angular position, to stop the lantern substantially halfway to ensure a bypass function.
  • a calibrated spring valve is advantageously disposed between the inlet and the outlet so as to open in the event of a rise in pressure drop.
  • the invention also relates to a metering device equipped with a hydraulic motor constituting a machine as defined above, characterized in that it comprises an injection device comprising a cylindrical metering body fixed to the body of the engine, coaxially to the housing of the engine piston, and a plunger hitched to the engine piston and sliding in the metering body.
  • a doser D comprising a hydraulic motor M of generally cylindrical shape, and an injection device I fixed under the engine.
  • the motor M comprises a substantially cylindrical body 1 with a circular section of vertical geometric axis AA.
  • the body 1 is closed at the top by a cover 2 screwed on an external thread of the upper end of the body 1.
  • the cover 2 is provided at its center with a bleed button 3 having a threaded hole in which is screwed the end of a screw 4.
  • the cap 3 is coated with a deformable bellows flexible material.
  • the screw 4 passes through a hole provided in the cover 2 and the screw head is located inside the cover.
  • An O-ring 5 is provided around the screw 4 inside the cover 2 to be sealingly applied by the screw head against the cover.
  • a compression spring 6 is disposed outside the cover 2 between the button 5 and the cover. The spring 6 pushes the button 3 and applies the seal 5 against the lid. Pressing the button 3 makes it possible to drive the screw 4 and create an air purge by passage of air or fluid between the screw and the wall of the hole of the lid.
  • the liner 8 may be of a different material from that of the body 1, more resistant to wear.
  • the body 1 is made of PVC
  • the liner 8 is made of glass or HDPE (high density polyethylene).
  • the liner 8 could be in the same material as the body 1, for example PVC, as the case may be.
  • a piston 9 is adapted to slide reciprocating in the direction of the axis B, in the housing 7.
  • This piston 9 is a simple, non-differential piston which has a closed cross section 10, devoid of any opening.
  • the piston 9 forms a kind of slightly frustoconical disc whose concavity is turned towards the cover 2.
  • the peripheral edge of the piston 9 comprises an annular groove 11 in which is housed a sealing segment 12, shown in detail on Fig.8 .
  • the piston 9 is generally made of plastic, for example polypropylene or polyethylene.
  • the segment 12 comprises an outer ring 12a of a low friction material, for example PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), having a concave inner surface in which is housed an inner ring 12b, for example ring, in a softer material especially in elastomeric material, the cross section of which is compressed.
  • the ring 12b exerts a radial outward thrust on the ring 12a to apply it against the wall of the housing 7.
  • the lower end position and the upper end of the piston 9 are respectively determined by abutments e1, e2 which have a fixed position determined relative to the body 1.
  • the abutment e1 can be formed by a shoulder provided directly on the body
  • the high stop e2 may be constituted by a flange projecting downwardly under the cover 2.
  • Two chambers C1, C2 are formed in the body 1 on either side of the piston, respectively below and above the piston 9.
  • the piston 9 comprises at its center a cylindrical sleeve 13 coaxial closed on the side of the lid 2 and open on the opposite side.
  • the upper end of the rod 14 of a plunger 15 is fixed in the sleeve 13, in particular by screwing.
  • the plunger 15 can slide in a tubular element 16 of the injection device I, sealed in the lower part of the body 1, coaxially with the jacket 8.
  • the plunger 15 has an annular groove provided with a plunger seal 17 provided to allow the passage of liquid when the plunger 15 descends, and to prevent any passage of liquid when the plunger 15 rises.
  • the lower end of the tubular element 16 is provided with a splined connection 18, with a valve 19 having a slot 19a in its middle.
  • the valve 19 opens during the rise of the plunger 15 (suction phase) and closes during the descent of the piston 15 (discharge or injection phase).
  • a pipe (not shown) which is immersed in a container containing a liquid additive to be injected into the main liquid.
  • This main liquid is formed for example by water under sufficient pressure, which ensures the actuation of the motor M.
  • Hydraulic switching means G ( Figs.4-6 ) provide the supply and the liquid evacuation of the chambers C1 and C2.
  • the switching means G are arranged in the body 1 radially outside the cylindrical housing 7 and the jacket 8.
  • the means G are housed in a zone of the body 1 located, with respect to the axis A, of the opposite side. to the axis B.
  • the body 1 may comprise, in this area, a bulge 20 forming a cylinder portion whose generatrices are orthogonal to the axis A.
  • the switching means G comprise two valves Va, Vs, respectively for the inlet and the outlet of the liquid, represented by arrows.
  • the seats 21a, 22a and 21s, 22s of the valves Va and Vs are located on the body 1 or on a fixed part relative to the body.
  • Each valve comprises a cylindrical passage 23a, 23s provided in the body 1, with an axis parallel to the axis A of the body and opening, at its upper axial end, in a space K located radially at the outside of the wall 8.
  • the space K communicates, in the upper part, with the chamber C2.
  • each passage 23a, 23s opens into a housing L communicating with the chamber C1.
  • the passages 23a, 23s are separated from each other by a median wall 24 of the body 1.
  • Each valve comprises a core 25a, 25s with two axially spaced bulges respectively provided with O-rings 26a, 26s and 27a, 27s.
  • the seat 21a for the seal 26a is formed by a frustoconical surface tapering downwards and provided directly in the body 1.
  • the seat 22a, provided in the upper part, is formed by a surface frustoconical decreasing in diameter upwards.
  • This seat 22a is located at the lower end of a cylindrical piece 28 having a lower portion of smaller outside diameter than that of the upper part.
  • a shoulder 29 is formed at the transition of the two outer surfaces.
  • the lower part of the piece 28 is received in a bore of the body 1, coaxial with the passage 23a.
  • the shoulder 29 comes into axial abutment against the upper edge of the bore of the body 1.
  • the part 28 is held in a fixed position by pressing the flange e2 of the cap 2 against its upper edge.
  • the seats 21s and 22s are constituted by frustoconical surfaces provided directly on the body 1 and increasing in diameter from the passage respectively downwards and upwards.
  • the lower ends of the cores 25a, 25s are fixed by screws 30a, 30s against the top wall of a lantern 31 formed by a substantially rectangular frame.
  • the lantern 31 comprises a window opening on its two faces parallel to the plane passing through the axes of the cores 25a, 25s.
  • the lantern 31 is disposed in the housing L of the body 1 located below the valves Va, Vs.
  • the lantern 31 is in contact with two opposite zones of the wall of the housing L, which provide sliding guidance of this lantern.
  • the liquid inlet in the engine has an internally threaded hole Ta for mounting a fitting.
  • the hole Ta is extended by a duct Ta1 eccentric radially outward and smaller in diameter than Ta. This duct Ta1 cuts at right angles to the passage 23a with which it communicates.
  • a threaded hole Ts and a duct Ts1 are provided to establish the connection between the passage 23s and the outlet.
  • the conduit Ts1 cuts at a right angle passage 23s.
  • the wall 24 separates the inlet duct Ta1 from the outlet duct Ts1.
  • the duct Ta1 instead of being eccentric, is coaxial with the inlet hole Ta, and of the same diameter. It is the same for the outlet conduit Ts1 and the outlet hole Ts.
  • the molding of the plastic body 1 is facilitated according to this variant.
  • Advantageously Ta, Ta1, Ts, Ts1 are coaxial.
  • a flip-flop device H constitutes a control means for a sudden change in the position of the lantern 31 and the switching means G.
  • the switching means G in a first stable position illustrated on Fig.5 (Corresponding to the high position of the lantern 31), on the one hand ensure the entry of the liquid into the housing L and the chamber C1 and, on the other hand, the connection of the chamber C2 with the outlet.
  • the core 25a is supported by its seal 27a against the seat 22a and closes the communication with the chamber C2.
  • the seal 27s is spaced from the seat 21a and allows communication with the housing L and the chamber C1.
  • the seal 27s is spaced from the seat 22s and allows a communication of the passage 23s with the space K and the chamber C2.
  • the seal 26s bears against the seat 21s and cuts off any communication between the passage 23s and the chamber C1.
  • the fluid inlet is in the chamber C1, while the chamber C2 is connected to the outlet.
  • a second stable position corresponds to the low position of the lantern 31, with the seat 21a closed / the seat 22a open, and the seat 22s closed / 25s seat opening.
  • the housing L and the chamber C1 are connected to the output Ts, while the space K and the chamber C2 are connected to the input Ta.
  • the rocker H makes it possible to pass the lantern 31 suddenly, and the cores 25a, 25s of the valves, from the high position of Fig.5 at the low position of Fig.6 and vice versa.
  • the mean direction of the rocker H is substantially orthogonal to the axis BB of the housing 7, that is to say the direction of displacement BB of the piston 9.
  • the rocker H comprises a rod 32 having two parallel branches 32a, 32b between which the rod 14 of the plunger 15.
  • the end of the rod 32 remote from the lantern 31 is articulated by an axis 33 orthogonal to the plane passing through the axes A and B.
  • the axis 33 is held in a housing of the body 1 by a flange 34 maintained by a Screw 35 inside the body 1.
  • the rod 32 comprises, at each rear end of its branches, a projection 36a, 36b upwards, with a substantially trapezoidal contour.
  • the average direction of link 32 in the stable position of Fig.2 and Fig.5 is slightly inclined, from the axis 33, downwards with respect to a plane orthogonal to the axis B.
  • the rocker H further comprises an arm 37 formed of two branches 37a, 37b located on either side of the branches 32a, 32b of the rod 32.
  • the branches 37a, 37b are articulated on the axis 33.
  • the length of the branches 37a, 37b is greater than that of the rod 32.
  • the branches 37a, 37b are bent towards each other, in an area 38 beyond the free end of the rod 32, so that their spacing decreases.
  • the branches 37a, 37b, at their end remote from the axis 33, are engaged in the lantern 31 and carry an axis 39 on which is mounted a hammer 40 in the form of a circular ring.
  • the hammer 40 may be included in the arm 37 to form a single piece with this arm.
  • a leaf spring 41 shaped curve arc is compressed between an axis 42 carried at the end of the rod 32 facing the lantern, and an axis 43 carried by the branches 37a, 37b of the arm 37 beyond the end of the rod 32.
  • the spring 41 turns its concavity downwards and tends to increase the angle of the compass formed between the rod 32 and the arm 37.
  • the link 32 is thus held in abutment against the bottom of the body 1 while the hammer 40 is held in abutment against the upper face of the opening of the lantern 31.
  • the lower part of the housing L is provided with a plug 44 which comprises, on its inner surface, two protrusions 44a, 44b, diametrically opposite, provided with a helical ramp 45.
  • This plug 44 is designed to occupy two distant angular positions. a quarter of a turn. In the position illustrated on Fig.2 the projections 44a, 44b are located outside the path of the lantern 31 which can freely move.
  • the lantern 31 When the cap 44 is rotated a quarter of a turn relative to the position of Fig.2 or 3 , the lantern 31 is stopped substantially halfway through the projections 44 when it descends from the high position illustrated on Fig.2 . If the lantern 31 is in the low position, the ramps 45, during rotation of the plug 44, raise the lantern 31 in the intermediate position. The lantern 31 then establishes a bypass between the input Ta and the output Ts of the engine in this intermediate position. Indeed none of the seats 21a - 22s is closed.
  • a valve Q ( Fig.9 ) with calibrated spring Qr is advantageously disposed in an opening U of the wall 24, between the input Ta, Ta1, and the output Ts1, Ts of the motor.
  • the valve Q, opening directly connects the inlet and outlet, which preserves the mechanisms, particularly those located inside the body 1, in case of a specific increase in pressure drop.
  • the valve head Q, in the closed position is held in sealing engagement by the spring Qr against a seat on the wall 24 on the outlet side. On the inlet side, the spring Qr is compressed between the wall 24 and a stop provided at the end of a valve stem.
  • valve Q has been shown only in the variant of Fig.9 it is clear that it could also be provided in the embodiments according to the other figures.
  • the liquid pressure is exerted below the piston 9 over its entire section and causes the rise of this piston.
  • the liquid from the chamber C2 is discharged to the outlet.
  • the plunger 15 rises in the tubular element 16 and can suck an additive from a container connected to the connector 18.
  • the plunger 15 raises the rod 32 and causes additional compression of the leaf spring 41.
  • the shaft 42 passes the alignment position with the pins 33 and 43, the leaf spring 41 partially relaxes and causes a sudden change in the configuration of the scale.
  • the arm 37 rotates, according to the representation of Fig.2 in the clockwise direction about the axis 33 and the hammer 40 strikes the lower wall of the lantern 31 which passes abruptly in the lower position, as shown in FIG. Figs. 3 and 6 .
  • the cores 25a, 25s of the valves are in the low position.
  • the chamber C1 is placed in communication with the outlet, while the chamber C2 is placed in communication with the inlet of liquid under pressure.
  • the plunger 15 also descends, which causes the closure of the valve 19 and the injection of the additive sucked up.
  • the passage of liquid is authorized by the seal 17, during the descent of the plunger 15, from the low side to the high side of this plunger.
  • the invention makes it possible to use, in rise and descent, the entire stroke of the piston and its diameter. This results in an optimization of the compactness.
  • the rocker H is simple, reliable and compact.
  • valve seats being provided on the body, there is little or no deformation of the seats.
  • the position of the piston has no influence on the seat / valve core torque.
  • the tightness of the valves is good at any flow.
  • the approach of the inlet / outlet flaps (separated by the single wall 24) promotes compactness and in the by-pass position the liquid does not pass into the engine.
  • the sleeve 8 / segment 12 makes it easy to modify the materials used according to the applications, for example depending on the chemicals constituting the liquid and / or the temperature.
  • the change of liner 8 is carried out quickly by unscrewing the lid 2, extraction by translation of the liner 8, and implementation of a new liner.

Abstract

A hydraulic motor comprises a body and a piston able to slide in a reciprocating movement in a cylindrical housing of the body. A chamber (C 1, C 2 ) is formed on each side of the piston and hydraulic switching means are provided for feeding and evacuating the respective chambers (C 1, C 2 ), these switching means being able to adopt two stable positions. Control means (H) having elastic means for abruptly bringing about changes in the position of the switching means are included. There are triggering means ( 13, 15 ) able, at the end of the stroke of the piston ( 9 ), to bring about the change in position of the switching means (G). The piston ( 9 ) has a closed cross section and the switching means (G) are arranged in the body ( 1 ) of the machine, redially on the outside of the cylindrical housing ( 7 ) in which the piston ( 9 ) slides.

Description

L'invention est relative à une machine hydraulique du genre de celles qui comprennent :

  • un corps ;
  • un piston propre à coulisser en un mouvement alternatif dans un logement cylindrique du corps, une chambre étant formée de chaque côté du piston ;
  • des moyens de commutation hydraulique pour l' alimentation et l'évacuation des chambres respectives, ces moyens de commutation pouvant prendre deux positions stables ;
  • des moyens de commande pour un changement brusque de la position des moyens de commutation, comprenant des moyens élastiques ;
  • et des moyens de déclenchement propres à provoquer, en fin de course du piston, le changement de position des moyens de commutation.
The invention relates to a hydraulic machine of the type of those which comprise:
  • a body ;
  • a piston adapted to slide reciprocally in a cylindrical housing of the body, a chamber being formed on each side of the piston;
  • hydraulic switching means for supplying and discharging the respective chambers, said switching means being able to assume two stable positions;
  • control means for a sudden change in the position of the switching means, comprising elastic means;
  • and triggering means capable of causing, at the end of the piston stroke, the change of position of the switching means.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement, mais non exclusivement, les moteurs hydrauliques. Toutefois, l'invention pourrait s'appliquer à d'autres machines, telles que des pompes hydrauliques.The invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to hydraulic motors. However, the invention could be applied to other machines, such as hydraulic pumps.

On connaît, par exemple d'après FR-2 789 445 qui divulgue une machine hydraulique avec des caractéristiques techniques selon le préambule de la revendication 1 ou US 4 756 329 , un moteur hydraulique de ce genre qui équipe un doseur pour injecter un additif dans un liquide principal, lequel est sous une pression suffisante pour actionner le moteur.We know, for example according to FR-2 789 445 which discloses a hydraulic machine with technical features according to the preamble of claim 1 or US 4,756,329 a hydraulic motor of this kind that equips a metering device to inject an additive into a main liquid, which is under a sufficient pressure to operate the engine.

Ces machines hydrauliques, en particulier les moteurs donnent satisfaction. Mais leur encombrement est relativement important, généralement supérieur au double de la course du piston, selon la direction du mouvement du piston.These hydraulic machines, in particular the engines give satisfaction. But their size is relatively large, generally greater than double the piston stroke, according to the direction of movement of the piston.

Un premier but de l'invention est de procurer une machine hydraulique du genre en question dont l'encombrement, en particulier suivant la direction de déplacement du piston, soit plus faible.A first object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic machine of the kind in question whose size, particularly in the direction of movement of the piston, is lower.

Un autre but est d'améliorer l'étanchéité des moyens de commutation et d'éviter une influence de la position du piston sur ces moyens de commutation.Another object is to improve the sealing of the switching means and to avoid an influence of the position of the piston on these switching means.

L'invention a également pour but de fournir une machine hydraulique de structure simple permettant de bien définir les courses du piston, notamment pour assurer un dosage précis dans le cas d'un moteur accouplé à un dispositif de dosage.Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic machine of simple structure making it possible to clearly define the races of the piston, especially to ensure a precise dosage in the case of a motor coupled to a metering device.

Selon l'invention, une machine hydraulique, en particulier un moteur hydraulique, du genre défini précédemment est caractérisée par le fait que :

  • le piston est un piston simple, non-différentiel, présentant une section transversale fermée ;
  • et les moyens de commutation sont disposés dans le corps de la machine, radialement à l'extérieur du logement cylindrique où coulisse le piston.
According to the invention, a hydraulic machine, in particular a hydraulic motor, of the kind defined above is characterized by the fact that:
  • the piston is a simple piston, non-differential, having a closed cross section;
  • and the switching means are arranged in the body of the machine, radially outside the cylindrical housing where the piston slides.

Des conduits sont prévus dans le corps pour assurer l'alimentation et l'évacuation de liquide des chambres en liaison avec les moyens de commutation.Ducts are provided in the body for supplying and discharging liquid from the chambers in connection with the switching means.

Avantageusement le corps de la machine comporte, à l'intérieur, une chemise cylindrique échangeable définissant le logement cylindrique du piston. Cette chemise cylindrique peut être en une matière différente de celle du corps, plus résistante à l'usure.Advantageously, the body of the machine comprises, inside, an exchangeable cylindrical liner defining the cylindrical housing of the piston. This cylindrical jacket may be of a different material than the body, more resistant to wear.

Le corps de la machine peut être cylindrique et admettre un premier axe géométrique, et le logement cylindrique du piston admet un deuxième axe géométrique, parallèle au premier, mais décalé radialement.The body of the machine may be cylindrical and admit a first geometric axis, and the cylindrical housing of the piston has a second geometric axis, parallel to the first, but radially offset.

Les moyens de commutation peuvent comprendre deux clapets comportant des sièges situés dans le corps, ou dans une pièce fixe relativement au corps, un clapet assurant l'admission de liquide et l'autre clapet assurant la sortie.The switching means may comprise two valves having seats located in the body, or in a fixed part relative to the body, a valve ensuring the admission of liquid and the other valve ensuring the exit.

Les clapets sont logés de préférence dans la partie du corps située, par rapport à l'axe géométrique du corps, à l'opposé de l'axe géométrique du logement du piston.The valves are preferably housed in the part of the body located, relative to the geometric axis of the body, opposite the geometric axis of the piston housing.

Chaque clapet peut comprendre un passage cylindrique s'ouvrant à chaque extrémité axiale pour communiquer avec l'une des chambres délimitées par le piston. Chaque passage est muni d'un siège à chacune de ses extrémités, et un noyau mobile axialement dans le passage est propre à fermer, selon sa position, l'une des extrémités du passage par appui contre le siège correspondant.Each valve may comprise a cylindrical passage opening at each axial end to communicate with one of the chambers delimited by the piston. Each passage is provided with a seat at each of its ends, and an axially movable core in the passage is adapted to close, depending on its position, one of the ends of the passage by bearing against the corresponding seat.

De préférence, les axes géométriques des passages des deux clapets sont parallèles entre eux et à la direction de déplacement du piston. Les passages peuvent être voisins l'un de l'autre, séparés par une paroi.Preferably, the geometric axes of the passages of the two valves are parallel to each other and to the direction of movement of the piston. The passages may be close to each other, separated by a wall.

Chaque noyau peut comporter, vers chaque extrémité, un renflement, avantageusement muni d'un joint, propre à s'appuyer contre un siège correspondant, et la zone située sensiblement à mi-longueur du passage communique avec un conduit d'entrée ou de sortie débouchant sur l'extérieur. Ce conduit peut avoir un axe orthogonal à celui du passage du clapet et couper ce passage.Each core may comprise, towards each end, a bulge, advantageously provided with a seal, able to bear against a corresponding seat, and the zone located substantially at mid-length of the passage communicates with an inlet or outlet duct leading to the outside. This duct may have an orthogonal axis to that of the flap passage and cut this passage.

Avantageusement, les noyaux des clapets sont attelés à une lanterne pouvant se déplacer parallèlement à la direction des axes des passages de clapets. Cette lanterne peut être disposée dans un logement du corps situé du côté des clapets opposé à un couvercle de fermeture du corps. La lanterne peut occuper deux positions stables.Advantageously, the cores of the valves are coupled to a lantern that can move parallel to the direction of the axes of the valve passages. This lantern can be arranged in a housing of the body located on the side of the valves opposite a closure lid of the body. The lantern can occupy two stable positions.

Les moyens de commande pour un changement brusque de la position des moyens de commutation, et de la lanterne, sont avantageusement formés par un dispositif de bascule orienté dans son ensemble orthogonalement à la direction de déplacement du piston. La bascule peut comprendre une biellette articulée, à son extrémité éloignée de la lanterne, sur un axe porté par le corps de la machine , et un bras rotatif articulé sur le même axe, ce bras étant plus long que la biellette et portant, à son extrémité éloignée de l'axe d'articulation, un marteau pouvant se déplacer dans une fenêtre de la lanterne ; un ressort à lame en arc de courbe est comprimé entre deux axes solidaires respectivement de la biellette et du bras. Les deux positions stables de la bascule correspondent à deux configurations selon lesquelles la biellette se trouve d'un côté ou de l'autre du bras.The control means for a sudden change in the position of the switching means, and the lantern, are advantageously formed by a rocker device oriented as a whole orthogonal to the direction of movement of the piston. The rocker may comprise an articulated rod, at its end remote from the lantern, on an axis carried by the body of the machine, and a rotary arm articulated on the same axis, this arm being longer than the rod and carrying, at its far end of the axis of articulation, a hammer that can move in a window of the lantern; a leaf spring curve arc is compressed between two integral axes respectively of the rod and the arm. The two stable positions of the rocker correspond to two configurations in which the link is on one side or the other of the arm.

Un bouchon formant butée est monté rotatif dans le logement du corps au-dessous de la lanterne et permet, dans une position angulaire donnée, d'arrêter la lanterne sensiblement à mi-course pour assurer une fonction by-pass.A stopper plug is rotatably mounted in the housing of the body below the lantern and allows, in a given angular position, to stop the lantern substantially halfway to ensure a bypass function.

Un clapet à ressort taré est avantageusement disposé entre l'entrée et la sortie de manière à s'ouvrir en cas de hausse de perte de charge.A calibrated spring valve is advantageously disposed between the inlet and the outlet so as to open in the event of a rise in pressure drop.

L'invention concerne également un doseur équipé d'un moteur hydraulique constituant une machine telle que définie précédemment, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un dispositif d'injection comprenant un corps de doseur cylindrique fixé au corps du moteur, coaxialement au logement du piston du moteur, et un plongeur attelé au piston du moteur et coulissant dans le corps de doseur.The invention also relates to a metering device equipped with a hydraulic motor constituting a machine as defined above, characterized in that it comprises an injection device comprising a cylindrical metering body fixed to the body of the engine, coaxially to the housing of the engine piston, and a plunger hitched to the engine piston and sliding in the metering body.

L'invention consiste, mises à part les dispositions exposées ci-dessus, en un certain nombre d'autres dispositions dont il sera plus explicitement question ci-après à propos d'un exemple de réalisation décrit en détail avec référence aux dessins annexés, mais qui n'est nullement limitatif. Sur ces dessins :

  • Fig.1 est une vue en élévation verticale d'un doseur avec moteur hydraulique selon l'invention ;
  • Fig.2 est une coupe suivant la ligne II-II de Fig.1, le piston étant en position basse et les moyens de commutation dans la position assurant la remontée du piston ;
  • Fig.3 montre, semblablement à Fig.2, le piston en position haute, avec les moyens de commutation dans l'autre position stable commandant la descente ;
  • Fig.4 est une coupe horizontale suivant la ligne IV-IV de Fig.2 ;
  • Fig.5 est une coupe verticale suivant la ligne V-V de Fig.2 ;
  • Fig.6 est une coupe verticale suivant la ligne VI-VI de Fig.3;
  • Fig.7 est une coupe verticale partielle suivant la ligne VII-VII de Fig.2 ;
  • Fig.8 est une section transversale d'un segment d'étanchéité pour le piston, et
  • Fig.9 est une coupe verticale d'une variante de réalisation, coupe effectuée suivant la ligne des axes géométriques des orifices d'entrée et de sortie.
The invention consists, apart from the arrangements described above, in a certain number of other arrangements which will be more explicitly discussed below with respect to an exemplary embodiment described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but which is in no way limiting. On these drawings:
  • Fig.1 is a vertical elevational view of a metering device with a hydraulic motor according to the invention;
  • Fig.2 is a section along line II-II of Fig.1 , the piston being in the low position and the switching means in the position ensuring the recovery of the piston;
  • Fig.3 shows, similarly to Fig.2 , the piston in the high position, with the switching means in the other stable position controlling the descent;
  • Fig.4 is a horizontal section along line IV-IV of Fig.2 ;
  • Fig.5 is a vertical section along the VV line of Fig.2 ;
  • Fig.6 is a vertical section along line VI-VI of Fig.3 ;
  • Fig.7 is a partial vertical section along line VII-VII of Fig.2 ;
  • Fig.8 is a cross-section of a sealing segment for the piston, and
  • Fig.9 is a vertical section of an alternative embodiment, cut along the line of the geometric axes of the inlet and outlet ports.

En se reportant aux dessins, notamment aux Figs.1 et 2, on peut voir un doseur D comprenant un moteur hydraulique M de forme générale cylindrique, et un dispositif d'injection I fixé sous le moteur.Referring to the drawings, particularly Figs.1 and 2 , there can be seen a doser D comprising a hydraulic motor M of generally cylindrical shape, and an injection device I fixed under the engine.

Le moteur M comprend un corps 1 essentiellement cylindrique à section circulaire d'axe géométrique A-A vertical. Le corps 1 est fermé, en partie haute, par un couvercle 2 vissé sur un filetage extérieur de l'extrémité supérieure du corps 1. Le couvercle 2 est muni en son centre d'un bouton de purge 3 comportant un trou fileté dans lequel est vissée l'extrémité d'une vis 4. Le bouchon 3 est revêtu d'un soufflet déformable en matière souple. La vis 4 traverse un trou prévu dans le couvercle 2 et la tête de vis est située à l'intérieur du couvercle. Un joint torique 5 est prévu autour de la vis 4 à l'intérieur du couvercle 2 pour être appliqué de manière étanche par la tête de vis contre le couvercle. Un ressort de compression 6 est disposé à l'extérieur du couvercle 2 entre le bouton 5 et le couvercle. Le ressort 6 repousse le bouton 3 et applique le joint 5 contre le couvercle. Une pression sur le bouton 3 permet d'enfoncer la vis 4 et de créer une purge à l'atmosphère par passage d'air ou de fluide entre la vis et la paroi du trou du couvercle.The motor M comprises a substantially cylindrical body 1 with a circular section of vertical geometric axis AA. The body 1 is closed at the top by a cover 2 screwed on an external thread of the upper end of the body 1. The cover 2 is provided at its center with a bleed button 3 having a threaded hole in which is screwed the end of a screw 4. The cap 3 is coated with a deformable bellows flexible material. The screw 4 passes through a hole provided in the cover 2 and the screw head is located inside the cover. An O-ring 5 is provided around the screw 4 inside the cover 2 to be sealingly applied by the screw head against the cover. A compression spring 6 is disposed outside the cover 2 between the button 5 and the cover. The spring 6 pushes the button 3 and applies the seal 5 against the lid. Pressing the button 3 makes it possible to drive the screw 4 and create an air purge by passage of air or fluid between the screw and the wall of the hole of the lid.

Un logement cylindrique 7 d'axe B-B parallèle à l'axe A-A, mais décalé radialement, est délimité par une chemise cylindrique 8 échangeable maintenue de manière démontable dans le corps 1.A cylindrical housing 7 of axis B-B parallel to the axis A-A, but offset radially, is delimited by a cylindrical sleeve 8 exchangeable removably maintained in the body 1.

La chemise 8 peut être en une matière différente de celle du corps 1, plus résistante à l'usure. Par exemple, le corps 1 est réalisé en PVC, tandis que la chemise 8 est réalisée en verre ou en PEHD (polyéthylène haute densité). Bien entendu, la chemise 8 pourrait être dans la même matière que le corps 1, par exemple PVC, selon le cas.The liner 8 may be of a different material from that of the body 1, more resistant to wear. For example, the body 1 is made of PVC, while the liner 8 is made of glass or HDPE (high density polyethylene). Of course, the liner 8 could be in the same material as the body 1, for example PVC, as the case may be.

Un piston 9 est propre à coulisser suivant un mouvement alternatif selon la direction de l'axe B, dans le logement 7. Ce piston 9 est un piston simple, non différentiel qui présente une section transversale 10 fermée, dépourvue de toute ouverture. Le piston 9 forme une sorte de disque légèrement tronconique dont la concavité est tournée vers le couvercle 2. Le bord périphérique du piston 9 comporte une gorge annulaire 11 dans laquelle est logé un segment d'étanchéité 12, représenté en détail sur Fig.8. Le piston 9 est généralement réalisé en matière plastique, par exemple polypropylène ou polyéthylène.A piston 9 is adapted to slide reciprocating in the direction of the axis B, in the housing 7. This piston 9 is a simple, non-differential piston which has a closed cross section 10, devoid of any opening. The piston 9 forms a kind of slightly frustoconical disc whose concavity is turned towards the cover 2. The peripheral edge of the piston 9 comprises an annular groove 11 in which is housed a sealing segment 12, shown in detail on Fig.8 . The piston 9 is generally made of plastic, for example polypropylene or polyethylene.

Le segment 12 comporte une bague extérieure 12a en une matière à faible coefficient de frottement, par exemple en PTFE (polytétrafluoroéthylène), présentant une surface intérieure concave dans laquelle est logée une bague intérieure 12b, par exemple torique, en une matière moins dure notamment en matière élastomère, dont la section transversale est comprimée. La bague 12b exerce une poussée radiale vers l'extérieur sur la bague 12a pour l'appliquer contre la paroi du logement 7.The segment 12 comprises an outer ring 12a of a low friction material, for example PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), having a concave inner surface in which is housed an inner ring 12b, for example ring, in a softer material especially in elastomeric material, the cross section of which is compressed. The ring 12b exerts a radial outward thrust on the ring 12a to apply it against the wall of the housing 7.

La fin de course basse et la fin de course haute du piston 9 sont déterminées respectivement par des butées e1, e2 qui ont une position fixe déterminée par rapport au corps 1. La butée basse e1 peut être formée par un épaulement prévu directement sur le corps, tandis que la butée haute e2 peut être constituée par une collerette en saillie vers le bas sous le couvercle 2.The lower end position and the upper end of the piston 9 are respectively determined by abutments e1, e2 which have a fixed position determined relative to the body 1. The abutment e1 can be formed by a shoulder provided directly on the body , while the high stop e2 may be constituted by a flange projecting downwardly under the cover 2.

Deux chambres C1, C2 sont formées dans le corps 1 de part et d'autre du piston, respectivement au-dessous et au-dessus du piston 9.Two chambers C1, C2 are formed in the body 1 on either side of the piston, respectively below and above the piston 9.

Le piston 9 comporte en son centre un manchon cylindrique 13 coaxial fermé du côté du couvercle 2 et ouvert du côté opposé. L'extrémité supérieure de la tige 14 d'un plongeur 15 est fixée dans le manchon 13, en particulier par vissage. Le plongeur 15 peut coulisser dans un élément tubulaire 16 du dispositif d'injection I, fixé de manière étanche sous la partie inférieure du corps 1, coaxialement à la chemise 8. Le plongeur 15 comporte une gorge annulaire munie d'un joint de plongeur 17 prévu pour permettre le passage de liquide lorsque le plongeur 15 descend, et pour empêcher tout passage de liquide lorsque le plongeur 15 monte.The piston 9 comprises at its center a cylindrical sleeve 13 coaxial closed on the side of the lid 2 and open on the opposite side. The upper end of the rod 14 of a plunger 15 is fixed in the sleeve 13, in particular by screwing. The plunger 15 can slide in a tubular element 16 of the injection device I, sealed in the lower part of the body 1, coaxially with the jacket 8. The plunger 15 has an annular groove provided with a plunger seal 17 provided to allow the passage of liquid when the plunger 15 descends, and to prevent any passage of liquid when the plunger 15 rises.

L'extrémité inférieure de l'élément tubulaire 16 est munie d'un raccord cannelé 18 vissé, avec un clapet 19 comportant une fente 19a en son milieu. Le clapet 19 s'ouvre lors de la montée du plongeur 15 (phase d'aspiration) et se ferme lors de la descente du piston 15 (phase de refoulement ou d'injection). Sur le raccord 18 on branche un tuyau (non représenté) qui plonge dans un récipient contenant un additif liquide à injecter dans le liquide principal. Ce liquide principal est formé par exemple par de l'eau sous pression suffisante , qui assure la mise en action du moteur M.The lower end of the tubular element 16 is provided with a splined connection 18, with a valve 19 having a slot 19a in its middle. The valve 19 opens during the rise of the plunger 15 (suction phase) and closes during the descent of the piston 15 (discharge or injection phase). On the connector 18 is connected a pipe (not shown) which is immersed in a container containing a liquid additive to be injected into the main liquid. This main liquid is formed for example by water under sufficient pressure, which ensures the actuation of the motor M.

Des moyens de commutation hydraulique G (Figs.4-6) assurent l'alimentation et l'évacuation en liquide des chambres C1 et C2.Hydraulic switching means G ( Figs.4-6 ) provide the supply and the liquid evacuation of the chambers C1 and C2.

Les moyens de commutation G sont disposés dans le corps 1 radialement à l'extérieur du logement cylindrique 7 et de la chemise 8. Les moyens G sont logés dans une zone du corps 1 située, par rapport à l'axe A, du côté opposé à l'axe B. Pour faciliter le logement des moyens G, le corps 1 peut comporter, dans cette zone, un renflement 20 formant une portion de cylindre dont les génératrices sont orthogonales à l'axe A.The switching means G are arranged in the body 1 radially outside the cylindrical housing 7 and the jacket 8. The means G are housed in a zone of the body 1 located, with respect to the axis A, of the opposite side. to the axis B. To facilitate the housing of the means G, the body 1 may comprise, in this area, a bulge 20 forming a cylinder portion whose generatrices are orthogonal to the axis A.

Les moyens de commutation G comprennent deux clapets Va, Vs, respectivement pour l'admission et la sortie du liquide, schématisées par des flèches.The switching means G comprise two valves Va, Vs, respectively for the inlet and the outlet of the liquid, represented by arrows.

Les sièges 21a, 22a et 21s, 22s des clapets Va et Vs sont situés sur le corps 1 ou sur une pièce fixe par rapport au corps.The seats 21a, 22a and 21s, 22s of the valves Va and Vs are located on the body 1 or on a fixed part relative to the body.

Chaque clapet comprend un passage cylindrique 23a, 23s prévu dans le corps 1, d'axe parallèle à l'axe A du corps et débouchant, à son extrémité axiale supérieure, dans un espace K situé radialement à l'extérieur de la paroi 8. L'espace K communique, en partie haute, avec la chambre C2. A son extrémité axiale inférieure, chaque passage 23a, 23s s'ouvre dans un logement L communiquant avec la chambre C1. Les passages 23a, 23s sont séparés l'un de l'autre par une paroi médiane 24 du corps 1.Each valve comprises a cylindrical passage 23a, 23s provided in the body 1, with an axis parallel to the axis A of the body and opening, at its upper axial end, in a space K located radially at the outside of the wall 8. The space K communicates, in the upper part, with the chamber C2. At its lower axial end, each passage 23a, 23s opens into a housing L communicating with the chamber C1. The passages 23a, 23s are separated from each other by a median wall 24 of the body 1.

Chaque clapet comporte un noyau 25a, 25s avec deux renflements écartés axialement, respectivement munis de joints toriques 26a, 26s et 27a, 27s.Each valve comprises a core 25a, 25s with two axially spaced bulges respectively provided with O-rings 26a, 26s and 27a, 27s.

Le siège 21a pour le joint 26a, prévu en partie basse du passage 23a, est formé par une surface tronconique diminuant de diamètre vers le bas et prévue directement dans le corps 1. Le siège 22a, prévu en partie haute, est formé par une surface tronconique diminuant de diamètre vers le haut. Ce siège 22a est situé à l'extrémité inférieure d'une pièce cylindrique 28 comportant une partie inférieure de diamètre extérieur plus réduit que celui de la partie haute. Un épaulement 29 est formé à la transition des deux surfaces extérieures. La partie inférieure de la pièce 28 est reçue dans un alésage du corps 1, coaxial au passage 23a. L'épaulement 29 vient en butée axiale contre le bord supérieur de l'alésage du corps 1. La pièce 28 est maintenue en position fixe par appui de la collerette e2 du bouchon 2 contre son bord supérieur.The seat 21a for the seal 26a, provided in the lower part of the passage 23a, is formed by a frustoconical surface tapering downwards and provided directly in the body 1. The seat 22a, provided in the upper part, is formed by a surface frustoconical decreasing in diameter upwards. This seat 22a is located at the lower end of a cylindrical piece 28 having a lower portion of smaller outside diameter than that of the upper part. A shoulder 29 is formed at the transition of the two outer surfaces. The lower part of the piece 28 is received in a bore of the body 1, coaxial with the passage 23a. The shoulder 29 comes into axial abutment against the upper edge of the bore of the body 1. The part 28 is held in a fixed position by pressing the flange e2 of the cap 2 against its upper edge.

Les sièges 21s et 22s sont constitués par des surfaces tronconiques prévues directement sur le corps 1 et augmentant de diamètre depuis le passage respectivement vers le bas et vers le haut.The seats 21s and 22s are constituted by frustoconical surfaces provided directly on the body 1 and increasing in diameter from the passage respectively downwards and upwards.

Les extrémités inférieures des noyaux 25a, 25s sont fixées par des vis 30a, 30s contre la paroi supérieure d'une lanterne 31 formée par un cadre sensiblement rectangulaire. La lanterne 31 comporte une fenêtre s'ouvrant sur ses deux faces parallèles au plan passant par les axes des noyaux 25a, 25s. La lanterne 31 est disposée dans le logement L du corps 1 situé au-dessous des clapets Va, Vs. La lanterne 31 est en contact avec deux zones opposées de la paroi du logement L, qui assurent le guidage en coulissement de cette lanterne.The lower ends of the cores 25a, 25s are fixed by screws 30a, 30s against the top wall of a lantern 31 formed by a substantially rectangular frame. The lantern 31 comprises a window opening on its two faces parallel to the plane passing through the axes of the cores 25a, 25s. The lantern 31 is disposed in the housing L of the body 1 located below the valves Va, Vs. The lantern 31 is in contact with two opposite zones of the wall of the housing L, which provide sliding guidance of this lantern.

L'entrée de liquide dans le moteur comporte un trou fileté intérieurement Ta permettant le montage d'un raccord. Le trou Ta est prolongé par un conduit Ta1 excentré radialement vers l'extérieur et de plus petit diamètre que Ta. Ce conduit Ta1 coupe à angle droit le passage 23a avec lequel il communique.The liquid inlet in the engine has an internally threaded hole Ta for mounting a fitting. The hole Ta is extended by a duct Ta1 eccentric radially outward and smaller in diameter than Ta. This duct Ta1 cuts at right angles to the passage 23a with which it communicates.

D'une manière semblable un trou fileté Ts et un conduit Ts1 sont prévus pour établir la liaison entre le passage 23s et la sortie. Le conduit Ts1 coupe à angle droit le passage 23s. La paroi 24 sépare le conduit d'entrée Ta1 du conduit de sortie Ts1.In a similar manner a threaded hole Ts and a duct Ts1 are provided to establish the connection between the passage 23s and the outlet. The conduit Ts1 cuts at a right angle passage 23s. The wall 24 separates the inlet duct Ta1 from the outlet duct Ts1.

Selon la variante illustrée sur Fig.9 le conduit Ta1, au lieu d'être excentré, est coaxial au trou d'entrée Ta, et de même diamètre. Il en est de même pour le conduit Ts1 de sortie et le trou de sortie Ts. Le moulage du corps 1 en matière plastique est facilité selon cette variante. Avantageusement Ta, Ta1, Ts, Ts1 sont coaxiaux.According to the variant illustrated on Fig.9 the duct Ta1, instead of being eccentric, is coaxial with the inlet hole Ta, and of the same diameter. It is the same for the outlet conduit Ts1 and the outlet hole Ts. The molding of the plastic body 1 is facilitated according to this variant. Advantageously Ta, Ta1, Ts, Ts1 are coaxial.

Un dispositif de bascule H constitue un moyen de commande pour un changement brusque de la position de la lanterne 31 et des moyens de commutation G.A flip-flop device H constitutes a control means for a sudden change in the position of the lantern 31 and the switching means G.

Les moyens de commutation G, dans une première position stable illustrée sur Fig.5 (correspondant à la position haute de la lanterne 31), assurent d'une part l'entrée du liquide dans le logement L et la chambre C1 et, d'autre part, la liaison de la chambre C2 avec la sortie. Dans cette configuration, le noyau 25a est en appui par son joint 27a contre le siège 22a et ferme la communication avec la chambre C2. Par contre le joint 26a est écarté du siège 21a et permet la communication avec le logement L et la chambre C1. Concernant l'autre noyau 25s, le joint 27s est écarté du siège 22s et permet une communication du passage 23s avec l'espace K et la chambre C2. Le joint 26s est en appui contre le siège 21s et coupe toute communication entre le passage 23s et la chambre C1. L'admission de fluide se fait dans la chambre C1, tandis que la chambre C2 est reliée à la sortie.The switching means G, in a first stable position illustrated on Fig.5 (Corresponding to the high position of the lantern 31), on the one hand ensure the entry of the liquid into the housing L and the chamber C1 and, on the other hand, the connection of the chamber C2 with the outlet. In this configuration, the core 25a is supported by its seal 27a against the seat 22a and closes the communication with the chamber C2. By against the seal 26a is spaced from the seat 21a and allows communication with the housing L and the chamber C1. Concerning the other core 25s, the seal 27s is spaced from the seat 22s and allows a communication of the passage 23s with the space K and the chamber C2. The seal 26s bears against the seat 21s and cuts off any communication between the passage 23s and the chamber C1. The fluid inlet is in the chamber C1, while the chamber C2 is connected to the outlet.

Une deuxième position stable (Fig.6) correspond à la position basse de la lanterne 31, avec fermeture du siège 21a / ouverture du siège 22a, et fermeture du siège 22s / ouverture du siège 25s. Dans cette configuration, le logement L et la chambre C1 sont reliés à la sortie Ts, tandis que l'espace K et la chambre C2 sont reliés à l'entrée Ta.A second stable position ( Fig.6 ) corresponds to the low position of the lantern 31, with the seat 21a closed / the seat 22a open, and the seat 22s closed / 25s seat opening. In this configuration, the housing L and the chamber C1 are connected to the output Ts, while the space K and the chamber C2 are connected to the input Ta.

La bascule H permet de faire passer brusquement la lanterne 31, et les noyaux 25a, 25s des clapets, de la position haute de Fig.5 à la position basse de Fig.6, et inversement. La direction moyenne de la bascule H est sensiblement orthogonale à l'axe B-B du logement 7, c'est à dire à la direction de déplacement B-B du piston 9.The rocker H makes it possible to pass the lantern 31 suddenly, and the cores 25a, 25s of the valves, from the high position of Fig.5 at the low position of Fig.6 and vice versa. The mean direction of the rocker H is substantially orthogonal to the axis BB of the housing 7, that is to say the direction of displacement BB of the piston 9.

La bascule H comprend une biellette 32 comportant deux branches parallèles 32a, 32b entre lesquelles passe la tige 14 du plongeur 15. L'extrémité de la biellette 32 éloignée de la lanterne 31 est articulée par un axe 33 orthogonal au plan passant par les axes A et B. L'axe 33 est maintenu dans un logement du corps 1 par une bride 34 maintenue par une vis 35 à l'intérieur du corps 1. La biellette 32 comporte, à chaque extrémité arrière de ses branches, une saillie 36a, 36b vers le haut, à contour sensiblement trapézoïdal. La direction moyenne de la biellette 32 dans la position stable de Fig.2 et Fig.5 est légèrement inclinée, depuis l'axe 33, vers le bas par rapport à un plan orthogonal à l'axe B.The rocker H comprises a rod 32 having two parallel branches 32a, 32b between which the rod 14 of the plunger 15. The end of the rod 32 remote from the lantern 31 is articulated by an axis 33 orthogonal to the plane passing through the axes A and B. The axis 33 is held in a housing of the body 1 by a flange 34 maintained by a Screw 35 inside the body 1. The rod 32 comprises, at each rear end of its branches, a projection 36a, 36b upwards, with a substantially trapezoidal contour. The average direction of link 32 in the stable position of Fig.2 and Fig.5 is slightly inclined, from the axis 33, downwards with respect to a plane orthogonal to the axis B.

La bascule H comprend en outre un bras 37 formé de deux branches 37a, 37b situées de part et d'autre des branches 32a, 32b de la biellette 32. Les branches 37a, 37b sont articulées sur l'axe 33. La longueur des branches 37a, 37b est supérieure à celle de la biellette 32. Les branches 37a, 37b sont contre-coudées l'une vers l'autre, dans une zone 38 au-delà de l'extrémité libre de la biellette 32, de sorte que leur écartement diminue. Les branches 37a, 37b, à leur extrémité éloignée de l'axe 33, sont engagées dans la lanterne 31 et portent un axe 39 sur lequel est monté un marteau 40 en forme de bague circulaire.The rocker H further comprises an arm 37 formed of two branches 37a, 37b located on either side of the branches 32a, 32b of the rod 32. The branches 37a, 37b are articulated on the axis 33. The length of the branches 37a, 37b is greater than that of the rod 32. The branches 37a, 37b are bent towards each other, in an area 38 beyond the free end of the rod 32, so that their spacing decreases. The branches 37a, 37b, at their end remote from the axis 33, are engaged in the lantern 31 and carry an axis 39 on which is mounted a hammer 40 in the form of a circular ring.

En variante, le marteau 40 peut être inclus dans le bras 37 pour ne former qu'une seule pièce avec ce bras.Alternatively, the hammer 40 may be included in the arm 37 to form a single piece with this arm.

Un ressort à lame 41 en forme d'arc de courbe est comprimé entre un axe 42 porté à l'extrémité de la biellette 32 tournée vers la lanterne, et un axe 43 porté par les branches 37a, 37b du bras 37 au-delà de l'extrémité de la biellette 32. Le ressort 41 tourne sa concavité vers le bas et a tendance à faire augmenter l'angle du compas formé entre la biellette 32 et le bras 37. La biellette 32 est ainsi maintenue en appui contre le fond du corps 1 tandis que le marteau 40 est maintenu en appui contre la face supérieure de l'ouverture de la lanterne 31.A leaf spring 41 shaped curve arc is compressed between an axis 42 carried at the end of the rod 32 facing the lantern, and an axis 43 carried by the branches 37a, 37b of the arm 37 beyond the end of the rod 32. The spring 41 turns its concavity downwards and tends to increase the angle of the compass formed between the rod 32 and the arm 37. The link 32 is thus held in abutment against the bottom of the body 1 while the hammer 40 is held in abutment against the upper face of the opening of the lantern 31.

Une autre position stable de la bascule H est obtenue lorsque, à partir de la position de Fig.2, l'axe 42 franchit la position d'alignement avec les axes 33 et 43, et passe au-dessus de l'axe 43. Le bras 37 est alors poussé vers le bas par le ressort 41 et le marteau 40 vient en appui contre la face inférieure de l'ouverture de la lanterne 31, tandis que la biellette 32 est maintenue dans une position où les saillies 36a, 36b sont en butée contre la paroi interne du corps 1 (voir Fig.3).Another stable position of the latch H is obtained when, from the position of Fig.2 , the axis 42 passes the alignment position with the axes 33 and 43, and passes over the axis 43. The arm 37 is then pushed down by the spring 41 and the hammer 40 abuts against the lower face of the opening of the lantern 31, while the rod 32 is held in a position where the projections 36a, 36b are in abutment against the inner wall of the body 1 (see Fig.3 ).

Le changement brusque de position de la bascule de Fig.3 à Fig.2 est obtenu en fin de course basse par action de la partie inférieure du manchon 13 sur les branches 32a, 32b qui sont poussées vers le bas.The abrupt change of position of the flip-flop Fig.3 to Fig.2 is obtained at the end of the low stroke by action of the lower portion of the sleeve 13 on the branches 32a, 32b which are pushed down.

L'inversion de position de la bascule de Fig.2 à Fig.3 se produit quand le piston 9 arrive en fin de course haute. La face supérieure du plongeur 15 pousse la biellette 32 vers le haut et provoque le changement de configuration de la bascule H de Fig.2 à celle de Fig.3.The reversal of the position of the rocker Fig.2 to Fig.3 occurs when the piston 9 reaches the end of high stroke. The upper face of the plunger 15 pushes the rod 32 upwards and causes the configuration change of the flip-flop H of Fig.2 to the one of Fig.3 .

La partie basse du logement L est munie d'un bouchon 44 qui comporte, sur sa surface intérieure, deux saillies 44a, 44b, diamétralement opposées, munies d'une rampe en hélice 45. Ce bouchon 44 est prévu pour occuper deux positions angulaires distantes d'un quart de tour. Dans la position illustrée sur Fig.2 les saillies 44a, 44b sont situées hors de la trajectoire de la lanterne 31 qui peut librement effectuer ses déplacements.The lower part of the housing L is provided with a plug 44 which comprises, on its inner surface, two protrusions 44a, 44b, diametrically opposite, provided with a helical ramp 45. This plug 44 is designed to occupy two distant angular positions. a quarter of a turn. In the position illustrated on Fig.2 the projections 44a, 44b are located outside the path of the lantern 31 which can freely move.

Lorsque le bouchon 44 est tourné d'un quart de tour par rapport à la position de Fig.2 ou 3, la lanterne 31 est arrêtée sensiblement à mi-course par les saillies 44 lorsqu' elle descend de la position haute illustrée sur Fig.2. Si la lanterne 31 se trouve en position basse, les rampes 45, lors de la rotation du bouchon 44, soulèvent la lanterne 31 dans la position intermédiaire. La lanterne 31 établit alors un by-pass entre l'entrée Ta et la sortie Ts du moteur dans cette position intermédiaire. En effet aucun des sièges 21a - 22s n'est fermé.When the cap 44 is rotated a quarter of a turn relative to the position of Fig.2 or 3 , the lantern 31 is stopped substantially halfway through the projections 44 when it descends from the high position illustrated on Fig.2 . If the lantern 31 is in the low position, the ramps 45, during rotation of the plug 44, raise the lantern 31 in the intermediate position. The lantern 31 then establishes a bypass between the input Ta and the output Ts of the engine in this intermediate position. Indeed none of the seats 21a - 22s is closed.

Un clapet Q (Fig.9) à ressort taré Qr est avantageusement disposé dans une ouverture U de la paroi 24, entre l'entrée Ta, Ta1, et la sortie Ts1, Ts du moteur. Le clapet Q, en s'ouvrant, relie directement l'entrée et la sortie , ce qui permet de préserver les mécanismes, en particulier ceux situés à l'intérieur du corps 1, en cas d'une hausse ponctuelle de perte de charge. La tête du clapet Q , en position fermée, est maintenue en appui étanche par le ressort Qr contre un siège sur la paroi 24 du côté de la sortie. Du côté de l'entrée, le ressort Qr est comprimé entre la paroi 24 et une butée prévue à l'extrémité d'une tige de clapet.A valve Q ( Fig.9 ) with calibrated spring Qr is advantageously disposed in an opening U of the wall 24, between the input Ta, Ta1, and the output Ts1, Ts of the motor. The valve Q, opening, directly connects the inlet and outlet, which preserves the mechanisms, particularly those located inside the body 1, in case of a specific increase in pressure drop. The valve head Q, in the closed position, is held in sealing engagement by the spring Qr against a seat on the wall 24 on the outlet side. On the inlet side, the spring Qr is compressed between the wall 24 and a stop provided at the end of a valve stem.

Bien que le clapet Q n'ait été représenté que dans la variante de Fig.9, il est clair qu'il pourrait aussi être prévu dans les réalisations selon les autres figures.Although the valve Q has been shown only in the variant of Fig.9 it is clear that it could also be provided in the embodiments according to the other figures.

Ceci étant, le fonctionnement du moteur et du doseur est le suivant.This being so, the operation of the motor and the doser is as follows.

On considère une position de départ correspondant à celle illustrée sur Fig.2. Le piston 9 est en fin de course basse et la bascule H, qui vient de changer de configuration, a soulevé la lanterne 31 et les noyaux 23a, 23s. L'entrée Ta de liquide sous pression est reliée à la chambre inférieure C1 tandis que la sortie Ts est reliée à la chambre C2.We consider a starting position corresponding to that illustrated on Fig.2 . The piston 9 is at the end of the low stroke and the rocker H, which has just changed configuration, has raised the lantern 31 and the cores 23a, 23s. The inlet Ta of liquid under pressure is connected to the lower chamber C1 while the outlet Ts is connected to the chamber C2.

La pression de liquide s'exerce au-dessous du piston 9 sur toute sa section et provoque la montée de ce piston. Le liquide de la chambre C2 est refoulé vers la sortie. Le plongeur 15 monte dans l'élément tubulaire 16 et peut aspirer un additif à partir d'un récipient relié au raccord 18.The liquid pressure is exerted below the piston 9 over its entire section and causes the rise of this piston. The liquid from the chamber C2 is discharged to the outlet. The plunger 15 rises in the tubular element 16 and can suck an additive from a container connected to the connector 18.

En fin de course haute le plongeur 15 soulève la biellette 32 et provoque une compression supplémentaire du ressort à lame 41. Lorsque l'axe 42 franchit la position d'alignement avec les axes 33 et 43, le ressort à lame 41 se détend partiellement et provoque un changement brusque de la configuration de la bascule. Le bras 37 tourne, selon la représentation de Fig.2, dans le sens d'horloge autour de l'axe 33 et le marteau 40 vient frapper la paroi inférieure de la lanterne 31 qui passe brusquement en position basse, comme illustré sur Figs. 3 et 6.At the end of the high stroke the plunger 15 raises the rod 32 and causes additional compression of the leaf spring 41. When the shaft 42 passes the alignment position with the pins 33 and 43, the leaf spring 41 partially relaxes and causes a sudden change in the configuration of the scale. The arm 37 rotates, according to the representation of Fig.2 in the clockwise direction about the axis 33 and the hammer 40 strikes the lower wall of the lantern 31 which passes abruptly in the lower position, as shown in FIG. Figs. 3 and 6 .

Dans cette deuxième position, les noyaux 25a, 25s des clapets sont en position basse. La chambre C1 est mise en communication avec la sortie, tandis que la chambre C2 est mise en communication avec l'entrée de liquide sous pression.In this second position, the cores 25a, 25s of the valves are in the low position. The chamber C1 is placed in communication with the outlet, while the chamber C2 is placed in communication with the inlet of liquid under pressure.

La pression de liquide s'exerce alors au-dessus du piston 9 sur toute sa section et provoque sa descente.The liquid pressure is then exerted above the piston 9 over its entire section and causes its descent.

Le plongeur 15 descend également, ce qui provoque la fermeture du clapet 19 et l'injection de l'additif aspiré lors de la montée. Le passage de liquide est autorisé par le joint 17, lors de la descente du plongeur 15, du côté bas vers le côté haut de ce plongeur.The plunger 15 also descends, which causes the closure of the valve 19 and the injection of the additive sucked up. The passage of liquid is authorized by the seal 17, during the descent of the plunger 15, from the low side to the high side of this plunger.

Pour passer en position by-pass, il suffit de tourner d'un quart de tour le bouchon 44. Les noyaux 25a et 25s occupent alors une position intermédiaire permettant le passage direct du liquide de l'entrée Ta à la sortie Ts.To pass by-pass position, it is sufficient to turn the cap 44 by a quarter turn. The cores 25a and 25s then occupy an intermediate position allowing the direct passage of the liquid from the inlet Ta to the outlet Ts.

L'invention permet d'utiliser, en montée et en descente, l'intégralité de la course du piston et de son diamètre. Il en résulte une optimisation de la compacité.The invention makes it possible to use, in rise and descent, the entire stroke of the piston and its diameter. This results in an optimization of the compactness.

La bascule H est simple, fiable et compacte.The rocker H is simple, reliable and compact.

Les sièges de clapets étant prévus sur le corps, il n'y a pas ou peu de déformation des sièges. La position du piston est sans influence sur le couple siège / noyau de clapet. L'étanchéité des clapets est bonne à tout débit. Le rapprochement des clapets entrée / sortie (séparés par la seule paroi 24) favorise la compacité et, en position by-pass le liquide ne passe pas dans le moteur.The valve seats being provided on the body, there is little or no deformation of the seats. The position of the piston has no influence on the seat / valve core torque. The tightness of the valves is good at any flow. The approach of the inlet / outlet flaps (separated by the single wall 24) promotes compactness and in the by-pass position the liquid does not pass into the engine.

Le couple chemise 8 / segment 12 permet de modifier aisément les matériaux utilisés selon les applications, par exemple en fonction de produits chimiques constituant le liquide et / ou de la température. Le changement de chemise 8 s'effectue rapidement par dévissage du couvercle 2, extraction par translation de la chemise 8, et mise en place d'une nouvelle chemise.The sleeve 8 / segment 12 makes it easy to modify the materials used according to the applications, for example depending on the chemicals constituting the liquid and / or the temperature. The change of liner 8 is carried out quickly by unscrewing the lid 2, extraction by translation of the liner 8, and implementation of a new liner.

Claims (19)

  1. A hydraulic machine, in particular a hydraulic motor, comprising:
    - a body (1) ;
    - a piston (9) able to slide in a reciprocating movement in a cylindrical housing (7) of the body, a chamber (C1, C2) being formed on each side of the piston;
    - hydraulic switching means (G) for feeding and evacuating the respective chambers (C1, C2), these switching means being able to adopt two stable positions;
    - control means (H) for an abrupt change in the position of the switching means, comprising elastic means;
    - and triggering means (13, 15) able, at the end of the stroke of the piston (9), to bring about the change in position of the switching means (G),
    characterized in that:
    - the piston (9) is a simple, non-differential piston, having a closed cross section;
    - and the hydraulic switching means (G) are arranged in the body (1) of the machine, radially on the outside of the cylindrical housing (7) in which the piston (9) slides.
  2. The machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the body (1) of the machine comprises, on the inside, an exchangeable cylindrical liner (8) defining the cylindrical housing (7) for the piston.
  3. The machine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the cylindrical liner (8) is made of a different, more wear-resistant, material than that of the body (1).
  4. The machine as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the body (1) is cylindrical and has a first geometric axis (A-A), and the cylindrical housing (7) for the piston has a second geometric axis (B-B) parallel to the first (A-A) but offset radially.
  5. The machine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching means (G) comprise two valves (Va, Vs) comprising seats (21a, 21s; 22a, 22s) situated in the body (1), or in a piece (28) that is fixed relative to the body, one valve (Va) letting liquid in and the other valve (Vs) letting it out.
  6. The machine as claimed in claims 4 and 5 together, characterized in that the valves (Va, Vs) are housed in the part of the body situated, with respect to the geometric axis (A-A) of the body, on the opposite side to the geometric axis (B-B) of the housing (7) for the piston.
  7. The machine as claimed in one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that each valve (Va, Vs) comprises a cylindrical passage (23a, 23s) open at each axial end to communicate with one of the chambers (C1, C2) delimited by the piston.
  8. The machine as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that each passage (23a, 23s) is equipped with a seat (21a, 22a; 21s, 22s) at each of its ends, and a plunger (25a, 25s) able to move axially in the passage is able, depending on its position, to close one of the ends of the passage by pressing against the corresponding seat.
  9. The machine as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the geometric axes of the passages (23a, 23s) of the two valves are parallel to one another and
    parallel to the direction of travel (B-B) of the piston.
  10. The machine as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the passages (23a, 23s) are adjacent to one another, separated by a wall (24).
  11. The machine as claimed in one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that each plunger (25a, 25s) comprises, toward each end, a bulge equipped with a seal (26a, 26s; 27a, 27s) able to press against a corresponding seat, and the region situated more or less mid-way along the passage communicates with an inlet or outlet duct (Ta1; Ts1) opening to the outside.
  12. The machine as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the inlet or outlet duct (Ta1; Ts1) has an axis at right angles to that of the valve passage (23a, 23s) and intersects this passage.
  13. The machine as claimed in one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the plungers (25a, 25s) of the valves are coupled to a valve cage (31) able to move parallel to the direction of the axes of the valve passages.
  14. The machine as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the valve cage (31) is arranged in a housing (L) of the body situated on the opposite side of the valves to a cover (2) that closes the body.
  15. The machine as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control means (H) for an abrupt change in the position of the switching means (G) are formed by a rocker device (H) directed overall at right angles to the direction of travel (B-B) of the piston.
  16. The machine as claimed in the combination of claim 13 or 14 with claim 15, characterized in that the rocker (H) comprises a link rod (32) articulated, at its end furthest from the valve cage, to a pin (33) borne by the body of the machine, and a rotary arm (37) articulated to the same pin (33), this arm (37) being longer than the link rod (32) and bearing, at its end furthest from the articulation pin (33), a striker (40) able to move in a window of the valve cage (31), a leaf spring (41) in the shape of an arc of a curve being compressed between two pins (42, 43) secured respectively to the link rod (32) and to the arm (37), two stable positions of the rocker (H) corresponding to two configurations whereby the link rod (32) is on one or other side of the arm (37).
  17. The machine as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that a plug (44) forming an end stop is mounted such that it can be turned in the housing (L) of the body underneath the valve cage (31) and, in a given angular position, allows the valve cage (31) to be halted more or less mid-way through its travel so as to provide a bypass function.
  18. The machine as claimed in one of the preceding claims, comprising an inlet (Ta, Ta1) and an outlet (Ts1, Ts) for liquid, characterized in that a valve (Q) with a preloaded spring (Qr) is arranged between the inlet (Ta, Ta1) and the outlet (Ts, Ts1) so as to open should the pressure drop increase.
  19. A metering device equipped with a hydraulic motor as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an injection device (I) comprising a cylindrical metering body (16) fixed to the body (1) of the motor, coaxial with the housing (7) for the piston (9) of the motor, and a piston plunger (15) coupled to the piston (9) and sliding in the metering body (16).
EP03767903A 2002-11-28 2003-11-04 Hydraulic machine Expired - Lifetime EP1565653B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0214924A FR2847950B1 (en) 2002-11-28 2002-11-28 HYDRAULIC MACHINE, ESPECIALLY A MOTOR, WITH ALTERNATIVE MOTION, AND A DOSER COMPRISING SUCH AN ENGINE
FR0214924 2002-11-28
PCT/FR2003/003291 WO2004051085A1 (en) 2002-11-28 2003-11-04 Hydraulic machine

Publications (2)

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EP1565653A1 EP1565653A1 (en) 2005-08-24
EP1565653B1 true EP1565653B1 (en) 2010-07-21

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EP03767903A Expired - Lifetime EP1565653B1 (en) 2002-11-28 2003-11-04 Hydraulic machine

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US (1) US7207260B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1565653B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2006508295A (en)
CN (1) CN100365275C (en)
AT (1) ATE475015T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003292336A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60333473D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2349747T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2847950B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004051085A1 (en)

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FR2896279B1 (en) * 2006-01-13 2008-02-29 Dosatron International HYDRAULIC MACHINE, ESPECIALLY A HYDRAULIC ENGINE, AND A DOSER COMPRISING SUCH AN ENGINE.
US20090068034A1 (en) * 2007-09-12 2009-03-12 Pumptec, Inc. Pumping system with precise ratio output
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FR2965864B1 (en) * 2010-10-08 2012-12-14 Dosatron International LIQUID DOSING PUMP, AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING PRESSURE VARIATION FOR SUCH A PUMP.
US9316216B1 (en) 2012-03-28 2016-04-19 Pumptec, Inc. Proportioning pump, control systems and applicator apparatus
RU2511925C1 (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-04-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Краснодарский Компрессорный Завод" Differential composite piston (versions)
USD786794S1 (en) * 2015-04-15 2017-05-16 Graco Minnesota Inc. Air motor
US10760557B1 (en) 2016-05-06 2020-09-01 Pumptec, Inc. High efficiency, high pressure pump suitable for remote installations and solar power sources
CN106050597B (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-06 济宁市嘉易通塑料科技发展有限公司 Hydrodynamic force proportioning pump
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Publication number Publication date
ES2349747T3 (en) 2011-01-11
WO2004051085A1 (en) 2004-06-17
FR2847950A1 (en) 2004-06-04
JP2006508295A (en) 2006-03-09
FR2847950B1 (en) 2005-01-07
US20060037465A1 (en) 2006-02-23
CN100365275C (en) 2008-01-30
CN1717544A (en) 2006-01-04
ATE475015T1 (en) 2010-08-15
AU2003292336A1 (en) 2004-06-23
DE60333473D1 (en) 2010-09-02
US7207260B2 (en) 2007-04-24
EP1565653A1 (en) 2005-08-24

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