EP1564335A2 - Entwässerungsdurchflussregelungssystem - Google Patents
Entwässerungsdurchflussregelungssystem Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1564335A2 EP1564335A2 EP05250859A EP05250859A EP1564335A2 EP 1564335 A2 EP1564335 A2 EP 1564335A2 EP 05250859 A EP05250859 A EP 05250859A EP 05250859 A EP05250859 A EP 05250859A EP 1564335 A2 EP1564335 A2 EP 1564335A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- orifice
- channel
- drainage system
- surface drainage
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
- E03F5/102—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins using already existing parts of the sewer system for runoff-regulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/02—Arrangement of sewer pipe-lines or pipe-line systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
- E03F5/105—Accessories, e.g. flow regulators or cleaning devices
- E03F5/106—Passive flow control devices, i.e. not moving during flow regulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to system flow regulation and in particular, to a surface drainage system incorporating a flow regulation system, and to a flow regulator for use in a surface drainage system.
- Drainage channels which are designed to contain large quantities of water, such as storm water, are well-known. Such channels are used to collect large volumes of water from surfaces that need to be drained quickly, such as airport pavements, and transport them to other suitable collection points downstream, such as storm sewers, watercourses or ponds.
- restrictions are often placed on the outflow from such channels, usually by local authorities or environmental agencies, in order to prevent flooding of the downstream sewers, watercourses and ponds to which the water is being transported.
- outflow rates in such channels can be as high as several hundred litres per second, the outflow restrictions can result in a requirement for outflow rates of as low as 10 litres per second.
- An orifice plate is a simple plate with an aperture, usually of a fixed cross-sectional area, in the lowermost region of the plate; the aperture of the plate is generally circular in cross-section. The plate only permits water to pass through the aperture, with the result that the outflow from the channel outlet is considerably restricted.
- orifice plates are relatively inexpensive and easy to install, their apertures tend to get blocked up with silt after extended use.
- the aperture in an orifice plate to be "drowned" when the water level downstream of the orifice plate rises above the aperture; this reduces the effectiveness of the drainage channel.
- a penstock is essentially an adjustable gate valve which is positioned between a channel and an outlet pipe connected to the channel.
- the gate valve can be adjusted manually, mechanically or by means of a motor.
- a float is mechanically coupled to the gate valve. In use, the float rises with the water level.
- Each movement of the float causes the gate valve to move and thus alter the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe, i.e. as the float rises, the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe is reduced, with the result that the flow to the outlet pipe is reduced.
- a disadvantage of penstocks is that they are costly and take up a considerable amount of space. In addition, there is a tendency for them to get blocked up with silt.
- Vortex flow regulators have also been suggested for use at the outlets of drainage channels. These flow regulators direct incoming water tangentially into the body of the regulator and create a back pressure that limits the outflow from the regulator. Although they are generally effective, vortex flow regulators are costly, take up a significant amount of space and need to be customised to the channel in which they are to be used.
- the present invention provides a surface drainage system comprising a channel and a plurality of flow regulators spaced at intervals therein.
- At least one of the flow regulators is an orifice plate.
- Orifice plates are relatively inexpensive and are simple to install. It should be noted that the term "orifice plate” is used throughout the specification to indicate a plate that has an orifice that extends therethrough, a plate that has a notch or cavity in at least one of its edges or a plate that has been truncated so that an orifice is present between the plate and the channel, in use.
- the orifice plate preferably has a first orifice in the form of a notch that extends through an edge in the region of the plate that is intended to be arranged lowermost in the channel, in use.
- the provision of an orifice that extends through an edge of the plate in the lowermost region of the channel allows any debris, such as silt, in the lowermost region of the channel to be carried through the orifice and transported out of the channel.
- the cross-sectional area of the first orifice is preferably between 45cm 2 and 350cm 2 .
- a second orifice is provided above the first orifice. This allows flow through the orifice plate, and therefore in the channel, to be regulated to varying degrees. For example, when the flow through the plate is relatively slow, water will only flow through the first orifice but when the water flow increases and the water level rises to the level of the second orifice, water can additionally flow through that orifice.
- the second orifice is preferably V-shaped. It has been determined by experimentation that this configuration improves the flow regulation capabilities of the plate.
- the included angle of the V is between 10° and 60°. Again, this included angle has been found empirically to be particularly advantageous.
- the cross-sectional area of the second orifice is preferably between 200cm 2 and 2500cm 2 .
- the cross-sectional area of the first and/or second orifice is adjustable in use. This provides a further degree of control over the flow in the channel.
- the cross-sectional area of the first and/or second orifices is preferably adjusted by means of a screen which is adapted to be movable across the orifice or orifices for which the cross-sectional area is to be adjusted.
- the screen is adapted to be moved manually, mechanically or by motorisation.
- the screen is preferably pivotable about a point on the orifice plate.
- the orifice plate is truncated in a region arranged to be uppermost in the channel, so that the orifice plate does not extend to the top of the channel. This provides a further degree of flow regulation, in that, once the water level reaches the truncation point of the plate, the water will simply spill over the truncated edge.
- the orifice plate and channel are wider in a region adapted to be uppermost, in use, than a region adapted to be lowermost, in use.
- This profile results in a faster flow of water in the channel, which is particularly significant in the case of low flow rates because any debris in the lower region of the channel can be flushed away as a result of the increased flow velocity. If the flow of water is not sufficiently rapid, debris tends to rest in the lowermost region of the channel. It is preferable if both the channel and orifice plate are ovoid in cross-section.
- the flow regulators are preferably located in the channel using locating means.
- the channel is formed in multiple sections and the locating means is in the form of at least one groove between those sections, so that the flow regulators can conveniently be sandwiched between adjacent channel sections.
- the present invention provides a surface drainage system comprising a channel having a flow regulator located therein, wherein the flow regulator is a plate and the plate and the channel are wider in a region adapted to be uppermost, in use, than a region adapted to be lowermost, in use.
- the present invention provides a surface drainage system comprising a channel having a flow regulator, the flow regulator being a plate that is located entirely within the channel.
- the present invention provides a surface drainage system comprising a channel having a flow regulator, the flow regulator being an orifice plate that has a first and second orifice, the second orifice being above the first orifice, in use.
- the present invention provides a flow regulator for regulating flow in a surface drainage channel comprising an orifice plate, the orifice plate being wider in a region adapted to be arranged uppermost, in use, than a region adapted to be lowermost, in use.
- the present invention provides a flow regulator for regulating flow in a surface drainage channel comprising an orifice plate, the orifice plate having a first and second orifice, the second orifice being above the first orifice, in use.
- the embodiment of the invention described below is a surface drainage system for removing large amounts of water, for example rainwater after heavy rainfall, from a surface and transporting that water to a downstream storage area.
- the water enters the surface drainage system by flowing into an inlet, in this case a slot running along the length of the uppermost region of a drainage channel in the system.
- the drainage channel then delivers the water to the downstream storage area but, usually, it is only permissible to deliver the water at a specified rate in order to prevent flooding of the downstream storage area.
- a surface drainage system 1 has a channel 2 with a plurality of flow regulators 3 arranged therein.
- the flow regulators 3 are intended to control the flow of water in the channel 2.
- the channel 2 has a slot (not shown) in its uppermost region that allows water from the surface to be drained to enter the channel 2.
- the channel 2 is divided into a number of sections 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and the flow regulators 3 are held in grooves (not shown) between each section of the channel.
- a flange 4 extending around the periphery of each flow regulator 3 is attachable to the end face of any one of the channel sections 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d by means of screws, or other mechanical fasteners, so that the flow regulators 3 are fixed securely between the channel sections.
- Both the channel 2 and flow regulators 3 are ovoid in cross-section (with the smaller radius end lowermost) so that the flow of water in the channel 2 and across the flow regulators 3 is relatively fast, even at low flow volumes.
- a relatively rapid water flow is desirable so that debris, such as silt, is prevented from building up in the lowermost region of the channel 2.
- FIG. 3 An alternative embodiment of surface drainage system 1 is shown in Figure 3.
- the flow regulator 3 is contained entirely within the channel 2 upstream of (but preferably in the region of) an outlet 6 that leads to a downstream storage area, and is held in a groove (not shown) between the channel 2 and the outlet 6 in a similar manner to that described above with reference to Figure 2.
- each flow regulator 3 is an orifice plate.
- an orifice plate 3 that can be used is shown in Figures 4a and 4b and has a single orifice 7 in the region of the plate 3 that is adapted to be arranged lowermost in the channel 2.
- the orifice 7 is configured as a notch which extends through an edge of the plate and has a cross-sectional area of between 45cm 2 and 350 cm 2 .
- the extension of the orifice 7 through the edge of the plate 3 allows any debris that lies in the lowermost region of the channel 2 to be flushed through the plate efficiently.
- the orifice 7 is widest at its lowest point so that the surface area over which debris can pass is relatively high.
- the orifice plate 3 is effectively self-cleansing as a result of these features.
- the orifice 7 tapers inwards from its widest point, which ensures that the flow of water through the orifice 8 is suitably restricted, as required.
- the degree of taper is approximately 30° to the horizontal.
- FIG. 5a and 5b An alternative embodiment of an orifice plate 3 is shown in Figures 5a and 5b.
- the orifice plate 3 of Figures 5a and 5b has an additional orifice 8 to the orifice 7.
- the additional orifice 8 is arranged above the orifice 7, in use, and has a cross-sectional area of between approximately 200cm 2 and 2500cm 2 .
- the orifice plate 3 is truncated in the uppermost region of the channel 2 so that the plate 3 does not extend to the top of the channel 2.
- the additional orifice 8 and the truncation of the plate 3 provide various levels of flow regulation.
- the orifice 8 is V-shaped, and the included angle of the "V" can be varied according to the desired flow rate through the orifice. Typically, an included angle of between 10° and 60° would be suitable for most applications.
- Figures 6a and 6b show a flow regulator 3 in which the flow regulation can be controlled further by providing a solid screen 9 in the vicinity of the orifice 7 and/or the additional orifice 8 which is movable across the orifice(s) 7,8 in order to adjust the cross-sectional area and thus restrict the flow of water through the orifice(s) 7,8 further.
- the screen 9 is in two parts and is pivotable about a point 10 on the plate 3 between a number of different positions, each position providing a different level of coverage of the orifice(s) 7,8 over which it is located, and is movable manually, mechanically or by motorisation.
- the screen 9 could also be used in connection with the embodiment of orifice plate 3 shown in Figures 4a and 4b.
- the orifice plates 3 are made of an austenitic stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant.
- the plates 3 are manufactured by simply cutting through a sheet of austenitic stainless steel using a CNC laser.
- the thickness of the orifice plates 3, viewed in the direction of flow of the water, is approximately 3mm.
- each orifice plate 3 prevents it from doing so by restricting the flow therethrough, with the result that most of the water in each compartment 5 remains within that compartment 5, thus resulting in a relatively even distribution of water along the length of the channel 2.
- the channel 2 operates in a similar way but the need for a plurality of orifice plates 3 can be avoided if required, as shown in Figure 3. Again, water spills into the channel 2 through a gap at the top of the channel 2 and starts to flow towards the outlet 6. If an orifice plate 3 of the type shown in Figures 4a and 4b is used, water will only be allowed to flow through the orifice 7 and the remaining water will be held back by the orifice plate 3. However, in cases where the flow is expected to reach a relatively high level, the orifice plate 3 shown in Figures 5a and 5b is likely to be used.
- the flange 4 on the flow regulator 3 would be attached to the channel sections 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d by non-mechanical means, such as adhesion, welding or any other suitable means.
- the flow regulator 3 may not have a flange 4 and may be simply held in the groove between adjacent channel sections 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d. In the case where a channel 2 is attached to a manhole connector, there is often a groove therebetween, which could also be used to locate a flow regulator 3.
- ribs that protrude from the wall of the channel 2 could be used to hold the flow regulators 3 in place.
- both the channel 2 and the orifice plates 3 are described as being ovoid in cross-section, it would be possible to select any other suitable configuration for the channel 2 and/or the orifice plate 3 but it should be borne in mind that it is preferable that the uppermost region of the channel 2 and orifice plates 3 be wider than the lowermost region, in order to maintain a relatively rapid flow in the channel 2 and across the orifice plates 3. If a relatively rapid flow rate is not required, for example, this requirement could be dispensed with.
- the orifice 7 extends through the edge of the lowermost region of the orifice plate 3, this does not have to be the case.
- the orifice 8 does not have to be V-shaped and any other suitable configuration may be selected. Any number of orifices can be included in the orifice plate 3 and their location can be varied in accordance with the use requirements, in particular the required flow characteristics.
- the flow regulator 3 could be arranged anywhere across the cross-section of the channel 2; it is not necessary for the flow regulator to extend substantially from the top of the channel to the bottom of the channel. For example, a flow regulator that extends across only a middle region of the channel 2 could be used, depending on the required flow control.
- the orifice plates 3 from any other suitable material in place of austenitic stainless steel, provided that the selected material is sufficiently rigid to withstand the forces acting upon the flow regulators as a result of the flow of water. Corrosion-resistant materials are preferable. Similarly, orifice plates 3 of different thicknesses can be used, if required and any suitable method of manufacture can be employed. Again, the thickness of the flow regulators 3 must be sufficient for them to withstand the forces acting upon it. The thickness required will generally depend on the material used.
- the screen 9 can be attached to an inner surface of the channel 2, instead of being pivotable about a point 10 on the flow regulator 3.
- the screen 9 could even be slid between a number of different positions or moved in relation to the orifices 7, 8 in any other suitable way. Rather than being solid, the screen 9 could be in the form of a mesh in order to provide a further degree of flow rate control.
- the flow regulators 3 described above are orifice plates but it would be possible to replace the orifice plates with any one of a number of suitable flow regulators, depending on the flow control requirements.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sliding Valves (AREA)
- Flow Control (AREA)
- Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0403500A GB2411194B (en) | 2004-02-17 | 2004-02-17 | Drainage system flow regulation |
GB0403500 | 2004-02-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1564335A2 true EP1564335A2 (de) | 2005-08-17 |
EP1564335A3 EP1564335A3 (de) | 2006-09-27 |
Family
ID=32039882
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05250859A Withdrawn EP1564335A3 (de) | 2004-02-17 | 2005-02-15 | Entwässerungsdurchflussregelungssystem |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1564335A3 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2411194B (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3088618A1 (de) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-11-02 | Pierre Büttner | Abwasserrohr mit veränderbarem querschnitt |
CN113417347A (zh) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-09-21 | 广东世盛建设工程有限公司 | 一种排水管道及其施工方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2642723A (en) * | 1951-09-24 | 1953-06-23 | Reismann George | Irrigation ditch block |
FR2643971A1 (fr) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-09-07 | Sikora Bernard | Vannage cyclique autocurant a decantation |
DE4220880A1 (de) * | 1992-06-25 | 1994-01-05 | Klaus Dederle | Abwasserkanäle im Trennsystem mit Speichermöglichkeit des Regenwassers |
US6164869A (en) * | 1995-12-02 | 2000-12-26 | Renate Guthler | Device for influencing a flow of waste water |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH613246A5 (de) * | 1975-02-13 | 1979-09-14 | Wilhelm Ernst | |
DE3741437A1 (de) * | 1987-12-08 | 1989-06-22 | Schulze Oswald Kg | Oberwassergesteuerte drosselvorrichtung fuer den regulierten ablauf von aufgestauten wassermengen, insbes. abwassermengen |
US6318395B1 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2001-11-20 | Aquaflow Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for sewer system flow control to reduce wastewater treatment electrical costs |
US6561225B2 (en) * | 2001-01-03 | 2003-05-13 | Red Valve Co., Inc. | Passive flow control valve |
GB2390630B (en) * | 2002-07-10 | 2004-06-30 | Aco Technologies Plc | Wide channel drainage system |
-
2004
- 2004-02-17 GB GB0403500A patent/GB2411194B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-02-15 EP EP05250859A patent/EP1564335A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2642723A (en) * | 1951-09-24 | 1953-06-23 | Reismann George | Irrigation ditch block |
FR2643971A1 (fr) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-09-07 | Sikora Bernard | Vannage cyclique autocurant a decantation |
DE4220880A1 (de) * | 1992-06-25 | 1994-01-05 | Klaus Dederle | Abwasserkanäle im Trennsystem mit Speichermöglichkeit des Regenwassers |
US6164869A (en) * | 1995-12-02 | 2000-12-26 | Renate Guthler | Device for influencing a flow of waste water |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3088618A1 (de) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-11-02 | Pierre Büttner | Abwasserrohr mit veränderbarem querschnitt |
CN113417347A (zh) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-09-21 | 广东世盛建设工程有限公司 | 一种排水管道及其施工方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0403500D0 (en) | 2004-03-24 |
EP1564335A3 (de) | 2006-09-27 |
GB2411194A (en) | 2005-08-24 |
GB2411194B (en) | 2006-06-21 |
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