Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
  • C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M157/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M143/00 - C10M155/00, each of these compounds being essential
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
  • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
  • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
  • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
  • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
  • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
  • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
  • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
  • C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines

Definitions

• the present invention relates to lubricating compositions capable of guaranteeing an improvement in the fuel economy performances of internal combustion engines, also without resorting to specific additives conventionally known as friction modifiers or reducers.
• the above co posi- tions envisage the presence of particular deterging additives selected from the group of sulfophenates, preferably superbasic, and particular anti-wear additives having the general formula ZnP 2 S0 4 R 4 .
• lubricants serve to protect metallic surfaces from direct contact, and this role, at hydrodynamic or elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication regimes (hereinafter indicated as H regimes) , is effected thanks to a fundamental characteristic of the oil, i.e. its viscosity.
• H regimes hydrodynamic or elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication regimes
• the higher the viscosity the more the presence of thick lubricating layers on the metallic surface, for its protection, is guaranteed.
• high viscosity values which is a representative parameter of intermo- lecular friction leads to a more difficult flow of the lubricating layers and to the generation of passive friction which dissipates useful mechanical energy.
• the friction coefficient essentially due to the shearing of the lubricating molecules in motion, is in the order of 0.001-0.08, but at severer regimes (M, B) , with increasing partial contacts between the solids in movement, it passes to a range of 0.08-0.3, and consequently the optimization of the latter is extremely important in the final f .e. performance.
• the greater fluidity of the oils at H regimes is obtained by improving the characteristics of the base oils and polymeric additives, particularly viscosity modifier and/or viscosity index enhancer additives .
• Measurement of the friction coefficient variations at the various lubrication regimes is a useful method for identifying new and advantageous solutions for the formulation of f.e. products.
• These measurements can be conveniently effected by means of a ball- on-disk tribometer which operates under mixed movement conditions of the rolling/sliding type.
• a ball- on-disk tribometer which operates under mixed movement conditions of the rolling/sliding type.
• SLC Stribeck- Like Curves
• the definitive validation of the above tribological measurements is obtained by means of engine tests required by specifications on the part of European, American and Japanese organisms and manufacturers .
• organometallic additives with Molybdenum for example dithiophosphates , dithiocarbamates, dithioamides
• organometallic additives with Molybdenum for example dithiophosphates , dithiocarbamates, dithioamides
• tribo-reactions chemical reactions in the solid-solid contact area
• Molybdenum increases the content of ashes, metals, sulfur and (at times) phosphorous of the mixture, and these variations are not coherent with the necessity of improving the compatibility of the oils with post-treatment systems of the exhaust gases of vehi- cles.
• polar ester products can generally create a negative competition with respect to the solid to defend, obstructing the action of the anti- wear additive.
• the addition of further components, as well as making a mixture which already contains about 10-15 different active species, even more complex also increases the costs .
• Lubricating compositions for engine oils have now been found, which are capable of improving the f.e. performance of an internal combustion engine lubricated with the above lubricating compositions, which overcome the drawbacks indicated above .
• the present invention relates to lubricating compositions for internal combustion engines capable of reducing the fuel consumption of engines lubricated by the compositions themselves, the above lubricating compositions comprising: (a) base oil having a viscosity suitable for lubricating; (b) detergent additives in a quantity ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% by weight, preferably from 1.0% to 4.0% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the lubricating composition; (c) anti-wear additives in a quantity ranging from 0.3% to 5.0% by weight, preferably from 0.8% to 3.0% by weight with respect to the total weight of the lubricating composition; the above lubricating compositions being characterized in that : ** at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, of the detergent additives is selected from sulfophenates having general formula (I) R ⁇ (OH) -S n - (OH) ⁇ R' , wherein R and R' , the same or different, are alkyl radicals having from 1
• the anti-wear additives are selected from zinc dithio- phosphates having general formula (II) ZnP 2 S 4 0 4 R 4 , wherein R 4 is an alkyl radical having the formula -CH2R 5 , wherein R 5 is a linear and/or branched saturated alkyl radical, having from 2 to 15, preferably from 2 to 7 , carbon atoms.
• the sulfophenates (I) salified with calcium can be neutral or superbasic, preferably superbasic.
• su- perbasic means that the above sulfophenates are treated with a quantity of base which is higher than the stoichiometric value. The above excess normally ranges from about 125% to about 220% molar.
• the detergent additives comprise (i) from 60 to 100% by weight of sulfophenates having general formula (I) and (ii) from 0 to 40% by weight of other detergents selected from calcium sulfonates, calcium alkylbenzene sulfonates, calcium salicylate.
• the anti-wear additives used have a general formula of the type ZnP 2 S 4 0 4 R 4 , wherein R 4 is an alkyl radical having the formula -CH 2 Rs, wherein R 5 is a linear and/or branched saturated alkyl radical, having from 2 to 15, preferably from 2 to 7, carbon atoms. R 5 is preferably selected from -(CH 2 ) 3 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 )CH 3 , -C(CH 3 ) 3 , and relative mixtures.
• compositions which contain, in addition to components (a) - (c) , friction modifying or reducing additives, provided they are compatible with the same components (a) - (c) .
• base oils (a) are selected from one or more of mineral or synthetic oils
• the base oils can come from various processings, for example from hydro-refining or conversion processes of heavy waxes. Mixtures of mineral or synthetic oils can obviously be used.
• the viscosity of the above base oils can fall within a range of 2.0 to 10.0 mm 2 /s, preferably from 2.5 to 8.0 mm 2 /s, measured at 100°C.
• These bases also pos- sibly mixed with each other, are contained in a predominant quantity, reaching, in relation to the remaining group of additives necessary, up to 95-98% w; their concentration is typically equal to about 85% w.
• An object of the invention also relates to the fuel economy upgrading of secondary synergic properties of the above detergent and anti-wear additives, as these additives are typically used in the formulation of lubricating oils for internal combustion engines, to guarantee compliance with various specifications .
• a further object of the invention relates to a method which allows convenient and economical f.e. products to be formulated, without resorting to potentially critical variations to the already complex lubricating mixture .
• Another important object of the invention relates to the possibility of ensuring a high duration of the f.e. performances, due to the fact that said performances are guaranteed by additives traditionally used for long durations, as a much greater duration range of the oil must be guaranteed with respect to the range required by the f.e. engine test.
• the f.e. performance can be obtained within a range of concentrations which, for anti-wear, varies from 0.3 to 5.0 %w, preferably from 0.8 to 3.0 %w; for the sulfophenate de- tergent from 0.5 to 5.0%w, preferably from 1.0 to 4.0%w.
• the lubricating composition of the present invention can contain one or more components normally used in formulations for engines oils, for example viscosity index enhancers and/or viscosity modifiers, dispersing agents, an- tioxidants, anti-rust agents, anti-foam agents, demulsifi- ers, pour point depressants.
• one or more components normally used in formulations for engines oils for example viscosity index enhancers and/or viscosity modifiers, dispersing agents, an- tioxidants, anti-rust agents, anti-foam agents, demulsifi- ers, pour point depressants.
• Ashless nitrogenated dispersing agents typically used normally comprise oil-soluble polymeric structures functionalized with nitrogenated substituents capable of aggre- gating with polar particles or substances to be dispersed.
• the dispersing agents typically contain one or more nitrogenated parts bound to the polymeric skeleton, often by means of a bridge, and can be selected from all the known oil-soluble derivates, such as salts, amides, i ides, amino-esters, oxyazolinic derivatives of mono or dicarbox- ylic acids with a long hydrocarbon chain and relative hydrocarbon anhydrides; long-chain thiocarboxylates of hydrocarbons to which a polyamine is directly bound; Mannich condensation products formed by condensation between long- chain substituted phenols with formaldehyde and polyalkylene polyamines .
• Numerous examples of dispersing agents are indicated in patent literature, for example in US-A- 5,962,381.
• Non-nitrogenated dispersing agents also exist, for ex- ample esters prepared by reaction between functionalized oil-soluble polymeric hydrocarbons and hydroxyl compounds, such as mono or polycarboxylic alcohols, or with aromatic compounds such as phenols and naphthols. Ester dispersing agents can also be prepared starting from unsaturated alco- hols such as allyl alcohol, or starting from ether- alcohols .
• Convenient viscosity modifiers which can be added to the lubricating composition of the present invention comprise oil-soluble polymers hav- ing an weight average molecular weight ranging from about 10,000 to about 1,000,000, preferably from about 20,000 to about 500,000, as determined by gel permeation chromatogra- phy or light scattering methods.
• Typical examples of these polymers comprise polyisobutene, ethylene/propylene/alpha- olefin copolymers, (co)polymethacrylates, copolymers of styrene and acrylic esters, copolymers of vinyl compounds and unsaturated carboxylic acids; partially hydrogenated copolymers of styrene and isoprene, styrene and butadiene, isoprene and butadiene; partially hydrogenated homopolymers of butadiene and isoprene.
• Viscosity modifying compounds also exist, which act as dispersing agents - viscosity modifiers, see for example US-A-4, 089, 794; US-A-4 , 160 , 739 and US-A-4 , 137, 185.
• Other dispersing agents - viscosity modifiers are ethylene or propylene copolymers grafted with nitrogenated compounds, see for example US-A-4, 068, 056, US-A-4 , 146, 489 and US-A- 4,149,984.
• the f.e. lubricating composition of the present invention can also contain antioxidants, which reduce the ten- dency of mineral oils to degrade by thermo-oxidation during their use.
• antioxidants which reduce the ten- dency of mineral oils to degrade by thermo-oxidation during their use.
• Typical examples of these antioxidants are hindered phenols, variously substituted aromatic amines, salts of alkaline-earth metals of alkylphenol thioesters having C 5 to Ci 2 side chains, calcium nonylphenol sulfide, oil- soluble phenates, sulfurized phenates.
• Typical anti-rust compounds which can be used in the lubricating composition of the present invention are poly- oxyalkylene polyols and relative esters, and polyoxyal- kylene phenols .
• demulsifying agents can be obtained by the reaction between an alkylene oxide and an adduct obtained by reacting a bis-epoxide with a polyhydroxyl alco- hoi (see EP-A-330, 522) .
• Anti-foam agents which can be used are compounds of the polysiloxane type, for example silicon oil or polydi- methyl siloxanes.
• additives are pour point depressants which lower the minimum temperature at which the fluid flows and can be poured.
• Typical examples of these additives which improve the fluidity at low temperatures of the lubricating composition are the well-known dialkyl fumarate/vinyl acetate copolymers and polyalkyl methacrylates .
• the lubricating composition of the present invention is prepared by the conventional mixing of the various components, both essential and complementary.
• the lubricating composition of the present invention is character- ized by a more favourable SLC with respect to the corresponding formulation without these specific detergent and anti-wear additives. This advantage can be observed along the whole measurement rate range, thus being indifferently apparent in one or more of the "hydrodynamic” , elasto- hydrodynamic” , “mixed” and “boundary” conditions .
• the present invention also relates to a process for reducing fuel consumption in internal combustion engines fed by both gasoline and gas diesel fuel, characterized in that the above internal combustion engine is lubricated with one or more of the lubricating compositions according to claim 1.
• This method envisages the use of a ball-on-disk tribometer capable of subjecting the test-samples to independent rotation rates, thus varying the ratio between the sliding rate and rolling rate [slide-to-roll (S/R) ratio] .
• a preparative operating sequence of the instrument was prepared, gradual heating from a low to high temperature (from 40 to 135°C) , friction coefficient measurements by curves at various S/R values, and the construction of the SLC.
• an SLC curve of this type obtained in the fi- nal phase at 135°C
• each curve is constructed with average data of at least two tests and the standard deviation is always lower than 10%.
• SL superbasic calcium salicylate
• TBN 280 DTPl-A alkyl zinc dithiophosphate from primary C 4 /C 5 alcohols
• the formulations of this example all contain a primary zinc alkyl dithiophosphate anti-wear additive, but with a different organic structure from the previous one (DTP1-B, see the Note to Table 1) .
• the formulation F7-C contains the detergent SF, F8 the detergent SFFl, F9-C the detergent SL.
• the sulfophenate/primary dithiophosphate pair shows unexpected antifriction performances, it is important to verify that said performances are compatible and coherent with respect to additives specifically commercialized as antifriction agents, particularly with respect to Molybdenum additives and ashless additives of an ester nature (see the state of the art) .
• 4 formulations were prepared, all containing an anti-wear agent zinc dithiophosphate of primary alcohols DTPl-A.
• the first two (F12, F13) also contain the other component which serves for the antifriction synergy claimed (a sulfophenate, SFFl) .
• the first (F12) also contains a Molybdenum anti-wear additive (MoDTC)
• the second (F13) contains an ashless ester antifriction additive (GMO) .
• MoDTC Molybdenum anti-wear additive
• GMO ashless ester antifriction additive
• the further formulations F14-C and F15-C, both containing the antifriction additive GMO, contain a sulfonate (SF) and salicylate (SL) detergent, respectively.
• SF sulfonate
• SL salicylate
• the formulations F16-C and F17 are based on XHVI.
• the formulation F16-C is characterized by a detergent addition to the superbasic sulfonate (SF) , anti-wear agent dithiophosphate of secondary alcohols DPT2-A, but with the addition of Molybdenum antifriction agent to try and recuperate a low friction performance on a formulation which does not contain the synergic pair, object of the invention.
• the formulation F17 of the present invention contains the synergic pair (SFF2/DTP1-B) but without antifriction agent.
• compositions with significant SLC friction curves were subjected to engine fuel economy evaluation, according to methods prescribed by performance specifications of engine oils .
• the formulation which in the group of additives contains the superbasic sulfo- phenate/primary zinc dithiophosphate pair (F8) , object of the present invention, with the Mercedes Mill test, has an FEI value which exceeds the limit of the ACEA Al-Bl specifications (2.5%) .
• compositions tested in this context containing combinations of detergents/anti-wear agents of a different type (F7-C) from those of the present invention, even with the addition of a molybdenum friction modifying additive (F16-C) , provide insufficient results with the Sequence VIB test .

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=32211394

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 2002
  • 2002-10-31 IT IT002322A patent/ITMI20022322A1/it unknown
• 2003
  • 2003-10-15 WO PCT/EP2003/011419 patent/WO2004039928A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2003-10-15 EP EP03750716A patent/EP1558715B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-10-15 AU AU2003268940A patent/AU2003268940A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events