EP1556168A1 - Procede et appareil de mesure et de reglage des parametres d'un broyeur - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de mesure et de reglage des parametres d'un broyeur

Info

Publication number
EP1556168A1
EP1556168A1 EP03735751A EP03735751A EP1556168A1 EP 1556168 A1 EP1556168 A1 EP 1556168A1 EP 03735751 A EP03735751 A EP 03735751A EP 03735751 A EP03735751 A EP 03735751A EP 1556168 A1 EP1556168 A1 EP 1556168A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
crusher
erosion
crasher
wearing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03735751A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Paulo Barscevicius
Osmair Nunes Alves
Alfredo Maia Reggio
Kimmo Kalevi VESAMÄKI
Juha Tapio Potila
Esa Pekka Satola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metso Finland Oy
Original Assignee
Metso Minerals Tampere Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metso Minerals Tampere Oy filed Critical Metso Minerals Tampere Oy
Publication of EP1556168A1 publication Critical patent/EP1556168A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B02C1/025—Jaw clearance or overload control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
    • B02C13/095—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate with an adjustable anvil or impact plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B02C2/02—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved
    • B02C2/04—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis
    • B02C2/047—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis and with head adjusting or controlling mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
    • B02C7/11—Details
    • B02C7/14—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling distance between, discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
    • B02C2013/1871—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate vertically adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
    • B02C2013/1878—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate radially adjustable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to crushers. More specifically, the invention relates to the measurement and adjustment of the setting of a crusher so that the set position of the setting of the crusher can be maintained constant irrespective of the erosion of the crusher's wearing parts. The invention also relates to alternative embodiments of wear sensors for the erosion indication of the wearing parts of a crusher.
  • Cone crushers have a vertical eccentric shaft with an inclined inner bore made thereto.
  • the main shaft of the crusher generally having a support cone mounted thereon.
  • the support cone is surrounded by the crusher frame having mounted therein an outer wearing member, generally known as the bowl liner.
  • an outer wearing member generally known as the bowl liner.
  • an inner wearing member generally known as the head liner.
  • the head liner and the bowl liner define a crusher chamber wherein the crushing of the infeed material takes place.
  • the minimum gap width during one full rotation is called the crusher setting and, respectively, the difference between the gap width maximum and minimum is called the crusher stroke.
  • this type of cone crusher is generally known as a gyratory crasher.
  • a gyratory crusher is generally made adjustable by means of a hydraulic system that permits the main shaft to be movable in the vertical direction in regard to the crusher frame.
  • the crusher setting may be varied so that the particle size of the crushed rock meets the particle size specification of the current order and/or the crusher setting is maintained constant irrespective of the wear of the crusher liners.
  • the crasher setting adjustment may alternatively take place by elevating or lowering the crusher upper frame with the crusher head mounted thereto in regard to the crasher lower frame and the main shaft whose vertical position in regard to the crasher lower frame is fixed.
  • the crushing of the infeed material takes place between a rotating rotor equipped with breaker bars and breaker plates mounted on the interior walls of the crusher frame.
  • This kind of crasher has a plurality of breaker plates placed at different distances from the rotor so that a gradual reduction of the infeed material to be crushed is obtained.
  • the crusher setting that controls the final aggregate size of the crushed rock is determined by the set position of the last breaker plate in the travel direction of aggregate material through the crasher.
  • wearing elements are attached on those outer areas of the breaker plates that act as the crashing surfaces.
  • Impact crushers may have a horizontal or vertical construction.
  • the crashing cavity comprises two opposed jaws, of which one is fixedly mounted on the crasher front frame while the other jaw is a movable jaw connected to an oscillating element called a pitman, together with side plates that join the front frame of the crusher to its rear frame.
  • the crashing cavity formed between the crushing jaws is a downward tapering gap, whereby the distance between the lower edges of the jaws is called the crasher setting.
  • Through the eye of the pitman is passed an eccentric shaft that is mounted in bearings on the crusher side plates and the pitman.
  • the eccentric shaft is connected to a flywheel rotated by external drive machinery. With the help of the eccentric shaft, the movable jaw connected to the pitman is forced to perform a substantially elliptic crushing motion in regard to the fixed jaw.
  • the setting of a jaw crasher is adjusted by means of setting adjustment wedges which are adapted to the crasher rear frame so that sliding the wedges against a toggle plate inside the crasher rear frame causes the position of the lower edge of the movable die plate to shift in regard to the crusher rear frame and, thus, in regard to the fixed jaw.
  • setting adjustment wedges which are adapted to the crasher rear frame so that sliding the wedges against a toggle plate inside the crasher rear frame causes the position of the lower edge of the movable die plate to shift in regard to the crusher rear frame and, thus, in regard to the fixed jaw.
  • the embodiment according to cited publication invariably involves a risk of operator safety, since the crasher operator must climb onto the crusher to see whether the color composition is already visible in the crashing chamber.
  • this kind of arrangement does not offer real-time monitoring of the erosion of wearing parts as it only indicates the terminal point at which the wearing parts of a crusher must be replaced.
  • Sensors suitable for condition monitoring of wearing parts in crashers are known in the art from patent publications DE 43 12 354 and DE 43 08 272, wherein the function of disclosed wear sensors is based on an electrical circuit comprising series- connected resistors. The wearing portion of the sensors incorporate conductors that break with the erosion of the wearing part thus either increasing or decreasing the resistance of the sensor circuit.
  • FI 96924 is disclosed a gyratory crusher hydraulic control system having a hydraulically supported main shaft.
  • the crasher setting can be adjusted by controlling the amount of hydraulic fluid pumped into a cylinder situated at the lower end of the main shaft, whereby the main shaft together with the head cone mounted thereon is elevated/lowered in regard to the crasher frame.
  • the erosion of wearing parts in a crusher is measured on-line during the operation of the crasher thus allowing the setting of the crusher to be controlled to a constant value irrespective of the erosion of the wearing parts.
  • the apparatus according to the invention facilitates real-time wear monitoring of crusher wearing parts with the help of wear sensors installed therein. Subsequently, the measurement data indicating the degree of wear in the crusher wearing parts is transmitted to the alarm system or automatic control system of the crusher. Also the crasher setting adjustment means are provided with sensors capable of measuring the position of the support surfaces of the crusher wearing parts relative to each other. Subsequently, also the measurement data indicating the relative positions between the support surfaces of the crasher wearing parts is transmitted to the automatic control system of the crusher.
  • the crasher's automatic control system adjusts the position of the support surfaces of the crusher wearing parts thus maintaining the crasher setting constant irrespective of the wear of the crusher wearing parts.
  • information transmission may alternatively be advantageously implemented by wireless techniques.
  • the thickness sensor of the wearing part is complemented with means for wireless transmission of information to the exterior of the crasher, whereby the external control system includes means for reception of the transmitted information.
  • This kind of sensor system may also be complemented with an integral power supply generating the electrical energy required in the operation of the system, thus allowing the sensor system to be advantageously constructed into a self-contained entity incorporated in the wearing part of the crusher so as to move therewith.
  • problematic wiring for information transmission and power feed can be disposed with.
  • Power feed for the sensors may be implemented using a battery, for instance.
  • electricity for the sensors may also be generated from the motion of the crusher wearing parts with the help of a device that converts kinetic energy into electric energy. Such arrangements are known from wristwatches, for instance.
  • the necessary electric energy may also be produced with a piezoelectric device or captured by means of, e.g., RF techniques from an electromagnetic field surrounding the crusher.
  • the information gathered by the apparatus according to the invention is employed as the input information to the alarm system of the crusher, whereby the crasher operator is warned by the alarm system when the wearing parts of the crusher are about to run out.
  • One embodiment of a sensor developed for use in the apparatus according to the invention comprises a resistor network embedded in a wearing part of the crasher such that the resistance of the resistor network changes with the erosion of the wearing part thus delivering a measurement signal that changes with the amount of erosion.
  • the wear sensor outlined above facilitates the measurement of wearing parts in real time without calibration operations. Based on the degree of wearing parts wear computed from the wear measurement data, the setting of the crasher can now be identified more accurately than in the prior art. Simultaneously, also the wear monitoring of the crusher wearing parts (e.g., in per cent), estimation of the wear rate and need for replacement at the end-life of the wearing parts may be reliably carried out.
  • Patent application FI 20010673 discloses a data gathering system suitable for automatically issuing a replacement order for a wearing part on the basis of the information obtained from a sensor.
  • the wear of a crusher wearing part may alternatively be monitored by acoustic means using, e.g., an ultrasonic sensor.
  • the amount of erosion is detected by way of utilizing the reflective properties of the outer surface of the wearing part.
  • a strain gage can be used as a sensor, whereby the deformation of the wearing part due to its erosion is utilized to determine the amount of erosion.
  • the wear monitoring and control system is able to maintain a constant setting of a crusher thus assuring a uniform quality of the final product from the crusher.
  • the system is easy to manage as compared with a conventional arrangement and, moreover, wear information can be retrieved readily and safely without needing the operator to climb onto the crusher. Measurement takes place continually without any shutdown in production. This allows the wearing parts of the crasher to be exploited "down to the last inch" without the fear of wear-out of the wearing parts and a resultant damage to the crusher.
  • the user Based on the information delivered by the system, the user can establish an automatic ordering system of spare parts that gives an additional benefit of an optimized spare parts inventory. Moreover, variations in the erosiveness of the infeed material will not cause unexpected surprises.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 3
  • the wear sensors and wear sensor instrumentation according to the invention are characterized by what is stated in the characterizing parts of claims 9, 11 and 16.
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical prior-art gyratory crusher equipped with wear sensors according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a typical prior-art cone crusher equipped with wear sensors according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a typical prior-art impact crasher equipped with wear sensors according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a typical prior-art jaw crusher equipped with a control system according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows the structure of the wearing portion of a wear sensor according to the invention
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show exemplary embodiments of the location of ultrasonic sensors in the wearing part of a crusher.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show exemplary embodiments of the location of strain-gage sensors in a wearing part of a crasher.
  • the main components of the crusher shown therein comprise a lower frame 1, an upper frame 2, a main shaft 3, a support cone 4, an outer liner 5, an inner liner 6, a crashing chamber 7, a drive shaft 8, an eccentric shaft 9 and a control cylinder piston 10.
  • the crusher frame comprises two main units: a lower frame 1 and an upper frame 2.
  • the upper liner 5 mounted on the upper frame and the lower liner mounted via the support cone 4 on the main shaft 3 define a crushing chamber 7 wherein the material to be crashed is fed from above the crasher.
  • a drive shaft 8 serving to actuate the eccentric shaft 9.
  • a bore inclined in regard to the center axis of the crusher chamber so as to accommodate the main shaft 3 therein. Then, the rotation of the eccentric shaft by the drive shaft in the interior of the crasher frame causes the main shaft inserted in the bore of the eccentric shaft to perform an oscillatory motion.
  • the crusher setting 11 which is defined as the smallest mutual distance between the outer liner and the inner liner, is adapted adjustable by virtue of pumping a hydraulic medium into the cavity remaining between setting control piston 10 and lower frame 1.
  • the position of support surfaces of the crasher's liners in regard to each other is monitored by a setting sensor 14 by means of which the height of the control piston 10 relative to the lower frame 1 is determined. Knowing this setting, mathematical means can be applied to determine the position of the support cone 4 acting as the support surface of the inner liner 6 relative to the upper frame 2 acting as the support surface of the outer liner 5. Wear sensors 12, 13 placed in the positions of the liners shown in the diagram monitor the erosion of the wearing parts. Measurement signals from these sensors are transmitted to the crusher's setting control system described in conjunction with FIG. 4 in more detail later in the text.
  • the main components of the crasher construction shown in FIG. 2 are a frame 14, a bowl 15, a main shaft 3, a support cone 4, an outer liner 5, an inner liner 6, a crashing chamber 7, a drive shaft 8, an eccentric shaft 9, a control motor 16 and a setting adjustment ring 17.
  • a bowl acting as the support surface for the outer liner is mounted the outer liner, while on the support cone acting as the support surface of the inner liner is mounted the inner liner, whereby the two liners define a crushing chamber wherein the material to be crushed is fed from above the crusher.
  • Drive shaft 8 serving to actuate eccentric shaft 9 is adapted to the lower frame. Respectively, to the eccentric shaft is made a bore suitable for accommodating therein the main shaft 3 that is mounted fixedly on the crasher frame. Then, the rotation of the eccentric shaft by the drive shaft about the crasher main shaft causes the support cone mounted in bearings on the eccentric shaft to perform an oscillatory motion.
  • the crusher setting is adjustable by way of rotating the bowl with the control motor, whereby the bowl is elevated or lowered along the threads of the setting adjustment ring.
  • the position of the support surfaces of the crasher liners relative to each other is monitored based on the number of revolutions performed by either the control motor or the bowl itself or, directly, from the height position of the bowl.
  • Wear sensors 12, 13 mounted on the crusher liners at locations shown in the diagram monitor the wear of the wearing parts. The measurement signals delivered by these sensors are transmitted along with the height position signal of the support surfaces to the setting control system of the crusher described in conjunction with FIG. 4 in more detail later in the text.
  • the impact crasher shown in FIG. 3 comprises a frame 18, a rotor 19, a rotor shaft 20, breaker bars 21, breaker plates 22, breaker plate shafts 23, breaker plate adjustment rods 24 and breaker plate wearing parts 25.
  • the rotor equipped with breaker bars is mounted on the crasher frame via the rotor shaft.
  • the breaker plates are solidly attached to the crusher frame at their one end by the breaker plate shaft and at their other end in an adjustable fashion by the breaker plate adjustment rods.
  • the breaker plate surfaces are covered by wearing parts.
  • the material to be crashed is fed into the crusher via an opening made in the crusher frame 18, wherefrom the aggregate material either rolls or falls onto the rotating breaker rotor 19.
  • the rotor is equipped with breaker bars 21 that throw the material being crashed against the breaker plates 22.
  • the crushing of the infeed material takes place at the impact of the aggregate material on the breaker bars of the rotor or on the breaker plates of the crasher frame or by the collision of the aggregates against each other.
  • Latest in the gap between the last breaker plate in the travel direction of the aggregate material and the breaker bars of the rotor will be crushed a major portion of those material particles that when reaching this point are still larger than the breaker gap setting.
  • the impact crusher shown in the diagram is equipped with three breaker plates, whereby the size of the aggregate material being crashed is comminuted stepwise at each one of the breaker plates into a smaller size equal to the gap setting at a given breaker plate.
  • One end of the breaker plates is solidly connected to the crasher frame by the breaker plate shaft 23, while the other end of the breaker plates is connected via the breaker plate adjustment rod 24, each one of the rods serving to individually adjust the setting of its breaker plate.
  • the position of the last breaker plate in the travel direction of the material being crushed determines the final gap setting 11 of the entire crusher.
  • the outer surfaces of the breaker plates are equipped with breaker plate wearing parts 25 that serve as a breaker liner in cooperation with the breaker bars of the rotor.
  • the setting sensor 14 of the crusher is mounted on the adjustment rod of the last breaker plate in the travel direction of the material being crushed that controls the final gap setting of the entire crusher.
  • This sensor delivers the setting signal of the adjustable support surface of the wearing part, that is, indicates the position of the breaker plate.
  • the wear sensor(s) 12 of the wearing parts of a breaker plate are mounted on the wearing parts of the breaker that define the setting of the crusher. This wear sensor indicates the amount of erosion that has occurred in the wearing parts of the crasher.
  • the wear sensors 13 mounted on the breaker bars of the rotor indicate the wear that has occurred in the breaker bars of the rotor.
  • the measurement data delivered by these sensors is transmitted to the crusher setting control system described in conjunction with FIG. 4 in more detail later in the text. As shown in FIG.
  • the frame of the jaw crusher shown therein comprises a front frame 26, a rear frame 27 and side plates 28 connecting the frames.
  • the crushing cavity is defined by a fixed jaw 29 mounted on the front frame, a moving jaw 30 connected to a pitman 31 and the side plates of the jaw crusher.
  • the oscillation of the pitman is actuated by an eccentric shaft 32 mounted eccentrically in bearings on both the pitman and the crasher side plates in cooperation with a flywheel 33 that is coupled to the eccentric shaft and is driven by external machinery.
  • the gap width of the jaw opening known as the crusher setting is adjusted by changing the position of setting adjustment wedges 35 that via a toggle plate 34 control the crusher setting 11 which is the gap width between the lower edge of the movable jaw and the fixed jaw.
  • the crusher's setting adjustment means are equipped with position sensors 14 capable of transmitting such position information that the automatic control system can based thereon determine the distance of the moving jaw support surface from the fixed jaw support surface. Based on the information submitted by the sensors, the control system can then determine in real time the actual setting of the crusher and the change therein due to wear, whereupon the control system is able to maintain the crusher setting at a constant value by virtue of adjusting the setting adjustment wedges according to the detected wear of the jaws.
  • FIG. 5 is shown the structure of a wear sensor 37 embedded in a wear part 38 to be monitored, wherein the erosion takes place on the surface indicated by an arrow in the diagram.
  • the wear sensor is comprised of a network of resistors 39, wherefrom the resistors are eroded away from the resistor network as the sensor is worn along with the erosion of the wearing part being monitored. Having the isolated terminal of the resistor network connected to a constant voltage supply, the current through the resistor network can be computed from the following equation:
  • R overall resistance of resistor network.
  • its insulation material may generally be selected from the group of ceramic materials, for instance, that are usually only suitable for use as a hard-surface coating.
  • One of such coatings is, e.g., thermally sprayed aluminum oxide.
  • the most advantageous choice may be a ceramic insulator made from an oxide powder bonded with a binder.
  • the sensor may be made using a resilient insulation material such as a composite polymer material.
  • the sensor element is advantageously always made thin, whereby the impacts inside the crusher/breaker cannot cause a breakage of the sensor deeper than the eroded surface of the wearing part and, conversely, a projecting portion of the sensor will soon break down to the surface level of the wearing part if the erosion rate of the wearing part happens to be faster than the erosion rate of a hard-surfaced sensor.
  • FIG. 6 is shown an exemplary embodiment of the adaptation of a self-contained ultrasonic sensor 40 in a wearing part of a crasher.
  • This type of sensor system can be implemented using only a single sensor by virtue of embedding the sensor in the most wear-prone position of the wearing part or, alternatively, embedding a plurality of sensors in desired positions on the wearing part.
  • the sensors are attached with threaded means or using a separate sensor mounting substrate adhered with the help of a joining compound tightly and orthogonally on the rear side of the wearing part.
  • the sensor emits into the body of the wearing part an ultrasonic wavefront that is reflected from the opposite surface of the wearing part thus allowing the thickness of the wearing part at the monitored point to be determined.
  • FIG. 7 an exemplary embodiment of the placement of an alternative type of ultrasonic sensor on the wearing part of a crasher.
  • one edge of the wearing part is equipped with an ultrasonic transmitter 41 and on the opposite edge of the wearing part is mounted an ultrasonic receiver 42.
  • This kind of sensor arrangement possibly in combination with an intelligent sensor or an algorithm programmed in the software of the control system, facilitates the determination of the narrowest point of material thickness between the sensors.
  • the ultrasonic sensors shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 can be replaced by sensors based on newer and more advanced ultrasonic sensor technologies.
  • One of these alternatives is the so-called MEMS technology and sensors based thereon like detectors of acoustic emissions. These kinds of sensors are capable of measuring simultaneously both the material thickness and phenomena possibly undesirably occurring therein such as increase of cracks, permanent deformations, etc.
  • all of the above-described sensors, as well as other kinds of sensors used in a control system according to the invention, may integrally incorporate both a self-contained power supply and an RF transmitter.
  • the sensor can be constructed into a self-contained entity capable of sending the measurement signal wirelessly to the crasher's control system located exterior to the crasher.
  • sensors adapted externally mountable on the surface of the crasher's wearing parts allow the sensor to be readily transferred onto a new wearing part in conjunction with the replacement of the wearing part. Furthermore, a single sensor is sufficient for monitoring a plurality of variables characterizing the usability of a wearing part in a crusher.
  • FIG. 8 is shown an exemplary embodiment of the placement of strain-gage type wear sensors on the wearing part of a crusher.
  • strain gage elements 43 as the wear sensor on a crusher wearing part is based on the fact that while the erosion of a wearing part causing the thinning thereof results only in a minor deformation, eventually the progressive erosion allows the rear side of the wearing part to become increasingly convex or concave. This deformation can be measured at a very high accuracy using a strain gage element of sufficient length.
  • a strain gage element permits simultaneous measurement of forces imposed on the wearing part during crashing.
  • product identification technology may readily be integrated with measurement circuitry based on strain gage sensors.
  • a microcontroller 44 or the like unit required in conjunction with strain gage sensors for analysis of the measurement signal can also incorporate an ID code of the wearing part.
  • This identification information is then easy to transmit along with the measurement data to the crusher's automatic control system over either a wired or wireless connection.
  • the ID circuit may also be implemented using such technology that facilitates reading the ID code with the help of, e.g., a hand-held scanner suitable for wireless interrogation at a distance of a few meters from the crusher.
  • the ID information may also be transmitted at a close range using a Bluetooth circuit. Using modern technology, it is possible to package the sensor amplifier, ID code circuit and the Bluetooth circuit in the size of half a credit card. Then, the identification information can be read using, e.g., a cellular phone as the reader.
  • the ID code of a wearing part may also be complemented with additional informa- tion about the wearing part that may be useful at later stages of the service life of the wearing part.
  • the ID code may be complemented with such information on the metal alloy composition of the wearing part that can be utilized in the recycling of the wearing part.
  • Other like information includes, e.g., the dimensions, weight and similar data of the wearing part.
  • FIG. 9 an exemplary embodiment of the placement of strain-gage type wear sensors operating as a fully self-contained entity.
  • the sensor entity comprises a strain gage sensor 43, an energy capturing antenna 45, an integrated intelligent sensor circuit 44 and an RF antenna 46.
  • the measurement data obtained from the strain gage sensor 43 is gathered by the intelligent sensor circuit 44 that transmits the gathered information via the RF antenna 46 wirelessly to the crusher's control system situated exterior to the crusher.
  • the operating energy of the integrated sensor package is captured with the help of an antenna 45 from an electromagnetic field surrounding the crusher unit.
  • the functions of the intelligent sensor circuit comprise the conditioning of the operating energy captured by the antenna, processing of the measurement data obtained from the strain gage sensor and transmission of the processed information via the RF antenna. Additionally, the intelligent sensor circuit is programmed to include the ID code of the wearing part proper.
  • the units of the sensor assembly may also be comprised of separate blocks that are adhered by glueing to the rear surface of the wearing part. After installation, the separate blocks are connected to a common intelligent sensor circuit.
  • the invention is not limited to any given type of crusher, but instead may be adapted to all kinds of crashers equipped with wearing parts.
  • the invention is not limited to the sensor constructions described above, but instead a crusher adjustment and control system according to the invention may utilize all types of such sensors that are capable of submitting sufficient information as input signals to the control system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et un appareil de mesure et de réglage des paramètres d'un broyeur consistant à suivre l'érosion des parties du broyeur soumises à l'usure à l'aide de détecteurs transmettant au système automatique de commande du broyeur leurs données de mesure en fonction desquelles il modifie les réglages du broyeur pour les maintenir à des valeurs prédéterminées quelque soit le degré d'érosion des parties soumises à l'usure. Lesdites données de mesure sont transmises par une liaison sans fil avec l'un des côtés extérieurs du broyeur.
EP03735751A 2002-07-05 2003-07-02 Procede et appareil de mesure et de reglage des parametres d'un broyeur Withdrawn EP1556168A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20021327A FI20021327A (fi) 2002-07-05 2002-07-05 Menetelmä ja laitteisto murskaimen asetuksen mittaamiseksi ja säätämiseksi
FI20021327 2002-07-05
PCT/FI2003/000535 WO2004004908A1 (fr) 2002-07-05 2003-07-02 Procede et appareil de mesure et de reglage des parametres d'un broyeur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1556168A1 true EP1556168A1 (fr) 2005-07-27

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03735751A Withdrawn EP1556168A1 (fr) 2002-07-05 2003-07-02 Procede et appareil de mesure et de reglage des parametres d'un broyeur

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1556168A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005536329A (fr)
CN (1) CN1674995A (fr)
AU (1) AU2003238134A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0312454A (fr)
CA (1) CA2491713A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI20021327A (fr)
NO (1) NO20050643L (fr)
RU (1) RU2005102824A (fr)
WO (1) WO2004004908A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200500961B (fr)

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CN113145255A (zh) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-23 江苏绿叶机械有限公司 一种水泥加工用原料破碎设备

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CN113145255A (zh) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-23 江苏绿叶机械有限公司 一种水泥加工用原料破碎设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20021327A (fi) 2004-01-06
RU2005102824A (ru) 2005-08-10
BR0312454A (pt) 2005-04-19
JP2005536329A (ja) 2005-12-02
CA2491713A1 (fr) 2004-01-15
CN1674995A (zh) 2005-09-28
ZA200500961B (en) 2006-10-25
AU2003238134A1 (en) 2004-01-23
NO20050643L (no) 2005-04-04
WO2004004908A1 (fr) 2004-01-15
FI20021327A0 (fi) 2002-07-05

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