EP1554521A1 - Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique - Google Patents

Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique

Info

Publication number
EP1554521A1
EP1554521A1 EP03758006A EP03758006A EP1554521A1 EP 1554521 A1 EP1554521 A1 EP 1554521A1 EP 03758006 A EP03758006 A EP 03758006A EP 03758006 A EP03758006 A EP 03758006A EP 1554521 A1 EP1554521 A1 EP 1554521A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optics
light
lighting device
semiconductor light
light sources
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03758006A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1554521B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Griesinger
Markus Hartlieb
Wilhelm Kincses
Hans-Georg Leis
Siegfried Rothe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10310263A external-priority patent/DE10310263A1/de
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1554521A1 publication Critical patent/EP1554521A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1554521B1 publication Critical patent/EP1554521B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/322—Optical layout thereof the reflector using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an LED headlight, which has an asymmetrical illumination characteristic, and a method for operating such a headlight in accordance with the preamble of claims 1 and 10.
  • a vehicle headlight must be designed in such a way that it forms the light it emits in such a way that the result the superimposition of the emerging light creates a light distribution prescribed for vehicle headlights; in particular, the formation of a clear cut-off line and an asymmetrical characteristic of the illumination are necessary to avoid the glare of oncoming traffic.
  • the lighting system described in US Pat. No. 6,144,158 A generates an illumination characteristic by using a field of semiconductor lasers or alternatively a deflection device for the light beam of an individual semiconductor laser, which has the clear light-dark limit required in road traffic and an asymmetrical characteristic.
  • the use of a laser light source which is necessary for the bundling of light but is not very robust and expensive in terms of vibrations has a disadvantage in relation to the possibilities of an economically sensible implementation.
  • a headlamp realized on the basis of inexpensive LED light sources is known from the document DE 100 05 795 AI. In doing so, its lighting characteristics become more variable
  • Headlights realized by a field of single emitters with at least one optics arranged in front of each single emitter. Each of these optics can be shifted in relation to the individual elements in all three spatial directions in order to influence the respective light beam emitted by the individual light element. In this way, variable control of the beam emitted by the headlight can be achieved. Due to the rotation-symmetrical light distribution typical of the related LED optics, which has a large opening angle, no light distribution corresponding to the regulations of road traffic and having a clear light-dark limit can be created.
  • the lighting optics are formed by a field (array) of individual optics.
  • the individual optics are made as flat as possible in accordance with the invention, so that the light entry opening of the optics has an elongated, essentially rectangular shape.
  • Each individual lens has a central area perpendicular to the light entry surface, the projection of which into a two-dimensional plane corresponds to a cylindrical 2-dimensional carto oval.
  • a Kartoval is a geometric surface that, as the boundary surface of a refractive medium, collects the light from a focal point in a second focal point, even for large opening angles.
  • the light exit surface of the optics shaped in the form of a carto oval is combined with a parabolic reflector within the scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the beam geometry on which the refraction at the light exit surface of the optics is based.
  • FIG. 2 shows the contour line of a carto oval resulting from the calculation.
  • Figure 3 represents that originating from a point source
  • FIG. 4 shows a 3-dimensional view of an optical system according to the invention.
  • Figure 4a forms the optics shown in Figure 4 as
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the optics according to the invention with the necessary adaptation of the parabolic contour of the reflector.
  • FIG. 6 shows the energy distribution of the light emerging from the optics according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically the part of an alternative embodiment of the optics based on a “composite parabolic reflector”.
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows a further alternative embodiment of the optics (with a view of the light inputs step surface), by means of which the light cone emanating from the optics can be specifically curved.
  • FIG. 9 shows the energy distribution of an alternative optic corresponding to FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 10 describes the positioning of semiconductor light sources on the optics according to the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows the radiation geometry on which the calculation is based.
  • Light beam 20 is intended to represent that light which emerges vertically from light source 60 without refraction from wall 10 of the optics from its light exit surface.
  • the required angle of incidence ⁇ is calculated as a function of ⁇ in order to allow the light to exit the element in a parallel direction. From (1.1) and (1.2) it follows:
  • equation 1.7 described in polar coordinates can be also transfer to the Cartesian coordinate system, which gives the following equation (1.8): b + if (1.8)
  • Kartovals described can only parallelize the light of a point source in a limited angular range. This angular range is specified by the limit range of total reflection.
  • FIG. 3 shows the beam path of the light beams 21a-d for a point source 60 and the resulting critical angle ⁇ .
  • the contour of the light exit surface of the optics in the form of a carto oval ensures that all exit from the light source 60 within twice the critical angle (U g)
  • the lighting optics which essentially have the shape of a two-dimensional carto oval, are combined with a parabolic reflector , This reflector should also have the property of converting light from the focal point into a parallel bundle.
  • the inventive optics are quite flat, the light entry opening F having an essentially rectangular cross section, one dimension of the cross-section being significantly smaller than the other; as explained below with reference to FIG.
  • the rectangular cross section is advantageously made so narrow that just one semiconductor light source 60 can just be attached to the entire surface of the optics.
  • a 3-dimensional edge image of this optics is shown in four different views in FIG. 4a. The illustrations there emphasize the edges of the optics, as do the hatched areas A, B and 10 (light exit opening).
  • FIG. 5 shows the projection of the side surface E of the optics according to the invention, the contour of the cardio-shaped central region and the parabolic reflector adjoining it on the outside clearly appear.
  • the reflector is now ideally designed in such a way that refraction takes place in the regions 40a and 40b of the contour corresponding to the surfaces C and D when the beam 23a emerges so that the beams 23a and 21 emerging from the optics run in parallel.
  • the course of the light beam 23a should in this case be turned by rotating the parabola contour 41a corresponding to the outer surfaces A and B of the optics
  • Direction towards 41b can be influenced.
  • the parabolic contour 41 must be turned inwards by the necessary angle in order to avoid that a light beam 23x is removed from the optics. occurs, which does not run parallel to the other parallel beam.
  • FIG. 6 shows the energy distribution of the light emerging from the optics according to the invention.
  • the intensity profile of the light emanating from a horizontally arranged optic is shown in a false color representation.
  • the intensity distribution in the x-direction and y-direction is shown in curve form. This makes it clear that the light beam emerging from the optics is strongly bundled in the y direction. The light intensity emanating from the optics is also clearly localized in the x direction.
  • FIG. 6 shows the energy distribution of the light emerging from the optics according to the invention.
  • the intensity profile of the light emanating from a horizontally arranged optic is shown in a false color representation.
  • the intensity distribution in the x-direction and y-direction is shown in curve form. This makes it clear that the light beam emerging from the optics is strongly bundled in the y direction.
  • the light intensity emanating from the optics is also clearly localized in the x direction.
  • the horizontal width of the light spot can be influenced in a particularly advantageous manner by inclining the side surfaces E of the optics in such a way that the optics tapers from the light exit surface G to the light entry surface F.
  • a corresponding geometry is shown in FIG. 7, which shows a side view from the direction of the side surfaces A and B. It is clear that in this profitable embodiment of the invention the height expansion Fj of the light entry surface F of the optics is smaller than the height expansion Gj whose light exit surface is 10.
  • Such elements in particular also with parabolic side surfaces, are known from solar technology (CPC, compound parabolic concentrator).
  • Equation (1.8) shows that increasing the exit area reduces the angular range in which the light is emitted.
  • FIG. 7 shows, by way of example, with a dashed line, the curvature profile of the side surface E for a parabolic curvature.
  • a suitable parabolically shaped reflector can be adapted according to the invention to a cartoval central region shaped in this way, in order to optimally utilize the light emitted by the light source.
  • the cross section of the light entry surface F of the latter deviating from the generally rectangular shape, has a trapezoidal shape, as shown in FIG.
  • the side surfaces of this trapezoidal shape are inclined by the angles ⁇ and ⁇ relative to the horizontal. It is conceivable that the two angles of inclination and ß are the same in their amount or else to choose different from each other.
  • FIG. 9 shows the result of a calculation of the energy distribution of the light emerging from the advantageous optics with inclined side surfaces.
  • the angle of inclination and ⁇ were chosen to be 5 ° and 7 °, respectively.
  • the intensity profile of the light emanating from an essentially vertically arranged optic is again shown in false color.
  • the intensity distribution at certain positions in the x-direction and y-direction is shown in curve form.
  • the radiation characteristic of the optics in the far field contrary to the case shown in FIG. 6, has a clear curvature perpendicular to the radiation direction.
  • this radiation characteristic also shows a clear light / dark transition. In this simulation, too, it was assumed that the light source was centered with respect to the light entry surface F of the optics is attached.
  • FIG. 10 shows the projection of the light entry surface F of the optics according to the invention, in this case with a rectangular cross section, with a semiconductor light source 60 adjoining it in the center.
  • the semiconductor light source 60 is applied centrally on the light entry surface as shown in FIG. 110.
  • the thickness dimension of the optics is selected in a profitable manner so that it exceeds the dimensions of the semiconductor light source 60 as little as possible.
  • optics are created with an optimally small space requirement, which makes it possible to accommodate a large number of optics within an illumination source according to the invention in the smallest space and thus to achieve maximum light output.
  • By moving the semiconductor light source 60 along the connecting line between the points P1 and P2 it is achieved that the light emerges asymmetrically from the optics.
  • the optics for the lighting device When arranging the optics for the lighting device according to the invention, it is advantageously conceivable to individually arrange the individual semiconductor light sources 60 for the respective optics arranged in a field in such a way that the lighting device has an asymmetrical radiation characteristic. In addition or as an alternative, however, it is also conceivable to achieve the asymmetrical radiation characteristic by arranging individually shaped optics adapted to the desired light emission, in which case it is conceivable for some of the optics with a rectangular light entry surface F (corresponding to FIG. 10) and another part of the optics with trapezoidal light entry surfaces F (corresponding to FIG. 8). The optics can also at least partially correspond in a profitable manner. chend be executed in the embodiment shown in Figure 7.
  • a swiveling of the luminous cone emitted by the device or generally a change in the asymmetrical lighting properties of the lighting device can be effected in a simple manner by means of electronic control, in each case by one of the several semiconductor light sources assigned to an optical system is controlled.
  • Such an alternate control of the light sources attached to an individual optic leads to the same beam swiveling as is the case from the prior art for displaceably arranged lens optics, without however having to resort to a fragile, less robust mechanism.
  • this advantageous embodiment also offers the possibility of individually controlling the individual optics within a group of optics without effort, which is not economically feasible in a mechanically variable deflection device.
  • the lighting device is designed such that the semiconductor light sources can be dimmed or activated or deactivated independently of the others, individually or in groups, in order to be able to illuminate the surroundings in a targeted and situation-appropriate manner.
  • the inventive lighting device is suitable for use as a headlight in a motor vehicle in order to asymmetrically illuminate the surroundings in front of the vehicle.
  • the individual optics assigned to the headlight are aligned with respect to the road surface in such a way that the x-axes of the optics run essentially parallel to it; ie the individual optics should be arranged essentially vertically (corresponding to, for example, FIG. 4).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un nouveau projecteur qui dispose d'une caractéristique d'éclairage asymétrique, a une limite clair-obscur précise alors que pratiquement la totalité de la puissance de rayonnement fournie par la source de lumière à semi-conducteur est utilisée. Selon l'invention, le projecteur est composé d'un champ de sources de lumière à semi-conducteur individuelles qui sont dotées d'optiques de forme nouvelle. Les optiques sont réalisées pour être au maximum plates de sorte que l'ouverture d'entrée de lumière de l'optique a une forme allongée sensiblement rectangulaire. De plus, les optiques présentent, perpendiculairement à la surface d'entrée de lumière (F), une zone centrale dont la projection dans un plan bidimensionnel correspond à un cartoval cylindrique bidimensionnel. Afin d'améliorer encore l'utilisation de la lumière qui sort de la source de lumière à semi-conducteur, la surface de sortie de lumière (G) de l'optique, en forme de cartoval, est combinée dans le cadre de l'invention à un réflecteur parabolique (A, B).
EP03758006A 2002-10-24 2003-10-17 Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique Expired - Fee Related EP1554521B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10249819 2002-10-24
DE10249819 2002-10-24
DE10310263 2003-03-10
DE10310263A DE10310263A1 (de) 2002-10-24 2003-03-10 LED-Scheinwerfer zur asymmetrischen Ausleuchtung
PCT/EP2003/011516 WO2004038285A1 (fr) 2002-10-24 2003-10-17 Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1554521A1 true EP1554521A1 (fr) 2005-07-20
EP1554521B1 EP1554521B1 (fr) 2006-07-05

Family

ID=32178278

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03758006A Expired - Fee Related EP1554521B1 (fr) 2002-10-24 2003-10-17 Projecteur a del pour eclairage asymetrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20060098447A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1554521B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006504249A (fr)
DE (1) DE50304161D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004038285A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202004010922U1 (de) * 2004-07-12 2005-11-24 Leica Geosystems Ag Neigungssensor
EP1920285A4 (fr) * 2005-07-28 2010-11-03 Light Prescriptions Innovators Éléments optiques lenticulaires à forme libre et leur application à des condensateurs et projecteurs
TW200735327A (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-09-16 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Collimation arrangement and illumination system and display device using the same
EP1994389B1 (fr) * 2006-02-27 2015-06-17 Illumination Management Solutions, Inc. Composant a diode led ameliore pour la generation d'un faisceau large
US7829899B2 (en) 2006-05-03 2010-11-09 Cree, Inc. Multi-element LED lamp package
US10234689B1 (en) 2018-03-09 2019-03-19 Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. Compound optics with freeform optical surface

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2254961A (en) * 1937-08-21 1941-09-02 George M Cressaty Unitary lens system
US3228288A (en) * 1961-10-20 1966-01-11 Square D Co Interlocking cap and lens for indicator lights
JPH08339704A (ja) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-24 Nippondenso Co Ltd 車両用灯具装置
CA2299532C (fr) * 1997-08-07 2008-07-08 Decoma International Inc. Systeme de gestion de lumiere fine pour orienter et diffuser la lumiere depuis une ou plusieurs sources lumineuses et procede de fabrication de structures optiques utilisees dans ce systeme
US6273596B1 (en) * 1997-09-23 2001-08-14 Teledyne Lighting And Display Products, Inc. Illuminating lens designed by extrinsic differential geometry
DE10005795C2 (de) * 2000-02-10 2003-06-12 Inst Mikrotechnik Mainz Gmbh Scheinwerfer mit einer Anzahl von Einzellichtemittern
DE10009782B4 (de) * 2000-03-01 2010-08-12 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Beleuchtungseinrichtung eines Fahrzeugs

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004038285A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20060098447A1 (en) 2006-05-11
DE50304161D1 (de) 2006-08-17
JP2006504249A (ja) 2006-02-02
EP1554521B1 (fr) 2006-07-05
WO2004038285A1 (fr) 2004-05-06

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