Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
  • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
  • F24S20/69—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of shingles or tiles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

• the invention relates to an apparatus for climatization equipped with a number of energy- saving components.
• the present invention thus aims at providing an apparatus in which an important additional energy saving is realized. According to this invention, this is realized by the application in the apparatus of one or more parts which each produce an energy-saving effect. Separately, but especially in cooperation, they can substantially increase the output of the apparatus in synergy.
• the primary goal of the invention is thus to provide heat exchange elements in a construction which allows the solar heat to be collected and to be transferred to the flowing fluid as efficiently as possible, this fluid being in particular in the form of ambient air.
• Factors which play an important part are the choice of material for the heat exchange panels, that should be as economical as possible and at the same time have an optimal heat exchange capacity. Dimensioning needs to be linked to the passages in the panels below the upper panel faces for heating up the fluid in order to get a maximum output of the heat exchange.
• a second objective concerns the reduction of the energy consumption of the heat pump itself, in particular of the energy needed for the drive of its built-in compressor.
• a third objective aims at using a (preferably energy-saving) pump for a fast transfer of large air volumes to the heat pump.
• the first objective is fulfilled by providing an apparatus for climatization comprising heat exchange elements with a built-in channel system for transferring a fluid whereby in this system the entering fluid, preferably ambient air, can be passed in a feed pipe to a heat exchanger at the entrance of the heat pump through a collector channel connected to this channel system by means of a pump on said channel.
• the channel system should have a channel volume between 0.004 and 0.008 m 3 per m 2 of heat exchange surface and preferably between 0.005 and 0.007 m 3 per m 2 of heat exchange surface.
• the minimum cross section dimension "d" of the passage of the channels in the system is preferably 8 mm in order to keep the flow resistance (pressure drop) to a minimum.
• the heat exchange elements are preferably roof elements which connect to each other and are placed with an inclination, e.g. roof tiles that are provided with a set of parallel channels with a free entrance for air streaming into the channel system near the roof-gutter and in which the collector channel extends along the roof-ridge.
• the base material of the heat exchange elements can be cured clay (as for bricks) or a concrete mixture, but can also be one or other engineering plastic such as PVC, polypropylene or polycarbonate.
• fillers are added to the material of the heat exchange elements, e.g. to increase their heat storage capacities as with e.g. quartz or graphite in powdered form with a grain size of 10 to 30 ⁇ m. These fillers can be equally distributed through the entire or practically the entire volume of the heat exchange elements.
• the concentration of heat accumulating fillers will preferably be the highest near the upper surface and in the central part of the heat exchange element.
• the plastic zone with quartz or graphite filling will preferably contain up to approximately 50 % volume of this filling in order to realize a practically continuous heat conductive network in the body of the heat exchange element.
• the underside of this element can have a heat isolating compostion. On economical grounds, recycled waste products can also be used, whether or not combined with heat conductive powders.
• the heat exchange elements with plastics as base material can be manufactured through injection moulding with suitable moulds. When the upper and/or lower surface of aforementioned elements do not contain heat conductive fillers, a sandwich-injection moulding technique can be applied.
• the pump which has to supply the large air flow to the heat pump is preferably a volumetric pump as known from e.g.
• the magnet motor of this invention includes a rotor, placed in a housing, which rotor carries near a part of its contour edge a permanent magnet with a curved shape and in which housing a number of swivel beams, arranged onto spindles, are mounted in the housing surrounding the contour of the rotor.
• Each swivel beam supports a permanent magnet element.
• the curved permanent magnet and the magnet elements repel each other in each other's neighbourhood.
• the system can also be expanded with a curved permanent magnet which attracts in the proximity of the swiveable magnet elements.
• every swivel beam is connected eccentrically to and revolving on a corresponding satellite gear.
• These satellite gears are positioned around a central gear and mesh on it.
• the central gear is fixed to the shaft of the rotor.
• the magnet motor itself can obviously be applied for other applications too, such as auxiliary power-supply on electrically driven appliances with a relatively low power demand like bicycles, trolleys, all sorts of tools and even small cars.
• Figure 1 is a schematic view of a cycle for climatization as materialized in the apparatus according to the invention.
• Figure 2 is a perspective view of an assembly of four adjacently connected roof tiles with a continuous channel system.
• Figure 3 shows the bottom of such a roof-tile in perspective.
• Figure 4 is a cross-section view of a roof-tile at line 11-11 from figure 2.
• Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the magnet motor according to the invention.
• an inclined roof covering is represented in which the heat exchange elements 2 are built in in the shape of a channel system 3.
• the ambient air 4 rises upward near the roof gutter following the slope of the roof through the system 3 of parallel channels 11 to the practically horizontally lying collector channel 5.
• the air passing through is indeed heated up in the channels by means of heat exchange with the roof covering 2 which is heated up by the sun.
• the heated air flow in channel 5 is preferably transferred by means of a volumetric pump via the feed-pipe 14 to the entry of the first (low-temperature) heat exchanger 7 of the compression heat pump 8.
• the heat exchange takes place by means of a so-called coolant that circulates in the hermetically sealed circuit 52 of the heat pump.
• the coolant is e.g. from the well-known type R22.
• the types R407c, R410a and especially R134a are equally appropriate.
• the heated ambient air gives off (or delivers) its heat to the circulating coolant in the exchanger 7 where it evaporates in the evaporator 53 at its low temperature T1.
• the vapour flows on to the compressor 9 which further compresses it and thereby increases its temperature.
• the vapour at high temperature T2 continues on to the high temperature exchanger 54 where it gives back its heat in condenser 55 and condenses.
• the high-temperature exchanger 54 may be e.g. a boiler serving as feeding reservoir for a hot water radiator system 57 for additional heating.
• the coolant which condenses again flows on to the throttle valve 56 where its pressure continues to drop and where its temperature cools down to T1.
• a four-way tap can be installed in which the heat pump functions as a heater (see figure 1) in one position and as a cooling unit in the other position.
• the condenser 55 then takes the place of the evaporator 53 (in figure 1 ) and vice versa.
• the fluid flows through the throttle valve in the opposite direction, but the direction of the fluid current through the compressor stays the same.
• centrifugal turbo compressors, screw compressors and reciprocating piston compressors can be used. They will preferably be driven by electric induction motors.
• the top side of a part of the heat exchange element 2 is shown in figure 2 in the shape of four adjacently connected roof tiles 35 - 38.
• these roof tiles have complementary curved edges 39 and 40 at their opposite longitudinal sides. These edges overlap in the roof covering.
• At the bottom side of the transverse upper edge of each tile there is an abutment member 41 which hooks up onto the roof covering behind the horizontally placed supporting tile lath 42.
• This in particular is suggested in figure 3.
• Below the upper surface of the roof tiles is a series of parallel channels 11 which in successive tiles in line connect to each other in order to make up the channel system 3.
• the four practically rectangular channels 11 in the demonstrated embodiment each have a transverse dimension d of 11 mm.
• the overall channel section for each tile amounts here to 11.6 cm 2 .
• FIG. 5 shows an example of the magnet motor 10 which includes a rotor 16 mounted in a housing 15 in which the rotor carries a curved permanent magnet 17 near a part of its contour edge.
• the housing consists of two oppositely situated walls 45 and 46 in which the axes of the various rotatable elements are fixed or have adequate bearings as will be explained further on.
• the rotor 16 is arranged parallel to the walls and practically central in the housing and is fixed eccentrically on a shaft 34.
• the curved permanent magnet 17 spans an angle of approximately 140° of the rotor contour.
• six swivel beams 18-23 are mounted on swivel axles 25 around the rotor contour. These swivel beams each carry a permanent magnet element 24 on their inner side facing the rotor contour.
• the axles 25 of the swivel beams are mounted at their ends in both walls 45 and
• the permanent magnet 17 and the permanent magnet-elements 24 can possess e.g. a neodymium-iron-boron composition. They are preferably orientated in the motor in such a way that they repel each other when they come close to each other during rotation of the motor.
• the system can equally be expanded with a permanent magnet 17 which attracts in the vicinity of the permanent magnet elements.
• Each swivel beam 18-23 is eccentrically connected by means of a connecting rod 26 and rotatable as some kind of pitman on a corresponding satellite gear 28-33 coupled in the centre of rotation 50.
• the connecting rods 26 at their turn mesh on a central gear 27 which is rotatable with, and mounted on, spindle 34 of the rotor.
• the spindles 47 of the gears 28-33 are mounted in the wall 46.
• the magnet motor according to figure 5 operates as follows. On its central spindle 34, an electric motor is connected in order to drive the rotor 16 and the central gear 27 following the rotation direction marked by the arrow 49. Due to this, the meshing satellite gears 28- 33 rotate in the opposite direction of the rotor 16. Via the connecting rods 26, they thereby exert a substantially radially oriented back and forth movement on the respective swivel beams 18-23 in the centres of rotation 48. When the motor 15 is turning, the permanent magnet elements 24 alternately approach and move away from the rotor contour and more in particular from the curved permanent magnet 17 that passes by.
• the machine that is coupled for the application of this invention is the compressor 9 of the heat pump.
• the relative positions of the centres of rotation 50 on the consecutive gears 28-33 is obviously chosen in such a way that they allow a quick divergence of the swivel beam in question at the moment when the repulsion forces are substantially at their maximum during the passing by of magnet 17. In figure 5, this is the case for swivel beam 18.
• roof tiles larger roof elements 2 can obviously be applied with an appropriate channel system.
• known heat isolating plates or mats can be attached, e.g. when the roof covering itself contains heat conductive fillers throughout its entire mass.
• the roof covering can be equipped at its upper surface with a metal plate or a metal covering which e.g. carries a black top layer as well improving the heat collection.
• a filled plastic layer can be applied through injection moulding.
• graphite powder can also be evenly spread as a heat accumulating filler.
• the operation of the different elements of the whole apparatus will have to be controlled co-ordinately, with adequately coupled regulating and control equipment in function of the capacity of the heat pump and of the required temperatures T1 and T2.
• the collector channel 5 as well as the feed-pipe 14 to the heat pump will preferably be isolated.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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Family Cites Families (6)

• 2002
  • 2002-07-15 BE BE2002/0439A patent/BE1015034A7/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2003
  • 2003-07-10 AU AU2003250030A patent/AU2003250030A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-07-10 WO PCT/EP2003/007483 patent/WO2004008041A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2003-07-10 EP EP03763789A patent/EP1552227A2/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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