EP1551612A1 - Proc d s et dispositifs de reproduction d'objets originaux - Google Patents

Proc d s et dispositifs de reproduction d'objets originaux

Info

Publication number
EP1551612A1
EP1551612A1 EP03794424A EP03794424A EP1551612A1 EP 1551612 A1 EP1551612 A1 EP 1551612A1 EP 03794424 A EP03794424 A EP 03794424A EP 03794424 A EP03794424 A EP 03794424A EP 1551612 A1 EP1551612 A1 EP 1551612A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
cast
filling
article
support structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03794424A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1551612A4 (fr
Inventor
Bruce E. Harrington
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PolyRock Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
PolyRock Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US10/236,667 external-priority patent/US7235204B2/en
Application filed by PolyRock Technologies LLC filed Critical PolyRock Technologies LLC
Publication of EP1551612A1 publication Critical patent/EP1551612A1/fr
Publication of EP1551612A4 publication Critical patent/EP1551612A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/40—Plastics, e.g. foam or rubber
    • B29C33/405—Elastomers, e.g. rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
    • B29C33/3857—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by making impressions of one or more parts of models, e.g. shaped articles and including possible subsequent assembly of the parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/44—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
    • B29C33/48—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling
    • B29C33/50—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling elastic or flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C39/026—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles characterised by the shape of the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C39/26—Moulds or cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F9/00—Designs imitating natural patterns
    • B44F9/04—Designs imitating natural patterns of stone surfaces, e.g. marble
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0081—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation before shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/009—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
    • B29C33/3857—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by making impressions of one or more parts of models, e.g. shaped articles and including possible subsequent assembly of the parts
    • B29C33/3892—Preparation of the model, e.g. by assembling parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C39/26—Moulds or cores
    • B29C39/265—Moulds or cores comprising two large plates positioned at a small distance from each other, e.g. for making panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
    • B29K2105/0032—Pigments, colouring agents or opacifiyng agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/001—Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections
    • B29L2031/003—Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections having a profiled transverse cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/10—Building elements, e.g. bricks, blocks, tiles, panels, posts, beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/10—Building elements, e.g. bricks, blocks, tiles, panels, posts, beams
    • B29L2031/104—Tiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/722—Decorative or ornamental articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/732—Floor coverings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the general field of methods and apparatus for replicating the characteristics of an original object such as a stone or stone panel in a cast article. More particularly, the invention relates to the field of such methods and apparatus further incorporating into the cast article useful shapes and properties not present in the original object but normally helpful in constructing commercial structures such as facades and walls from the cast articles.
  • Formica® a hard plastic substrate used to cover countertops and the like.
  • Some forms of Formica® were impregnated during manufacture with dyes or other colored material to simulate the look of wood or stone. However, the simulation was not convincing because the Formica® was fiat. Also, it did not have the texture of the original object it purported to simulate.
  • Corian® This was made from plastic in the form of sheets of varying thickness for use as countertops and related structures. Most forms of Corian® were made by mixing filler materials with plastic and the resulting product was colored much like the filler material used during manufacture. Some forms of Corian® were made to resemble stone. However, the simulation was not appealing because Corian® was largely fiat and it also did not have the texture of the natural articles it purported to simulate.
  • Linoleum® This was made from various plastics and fillers and was sold in the form of sheets or rolls, principally for covering floors with a wear-resistant surface. While some forms of Linoleum® were colored and textured to resemble natural articles, the simulation was still not convincing. The colors were artificial and the texture so regular as to dispel the notion of a natural articles.
  • plastic floor tiles These were typically squares of regular size. They were intended to be butted against one another once a mastic had been applied, and some were both colored and textured to resemble natural articles. However, the colors were often unconvincing. Further, the same was true for the textures, which were not only shallow but also discontinuous where one tile butted up against another.
  • exterior siding designed to replace or cover some or all of the exterior of outdoor structures, including houses. This siding typically was made of plastic or aluminum and was marked or embossed in an effort to simulate natural articles. However, the simulation was not appealing. The colors were unconvincing and the textures were not only shallow and unrealistic but also discontinuous where one piece of siding butted up against another.
  • cultured stone This was cast from cement and aggregate and simply mimicked the characteristics of real stone. It could not be molded any differently from the natural article and required the same methods for installation as real stone.
  • Gansen et al. disclosed a process for the preparation of polyurethane products in which a plastic film was positioned in a mold, the mold was closed, a polyurethane reaction mixture was injected into the mold, and the product was removed from the mold once the reaction mixture had fully reacted.
  • Fitts disclosed a process in which a heat curable elastomeric sheet comprising a curing agent and either urethane elastomeric gum stock or silicone gum stock was placed over a master to be copied.
  • the heat curable elastomeric sheet was one that did not cause inhibition between the master and the heat curable elastomeric sheet.
  • the elastomeric sheet was vacuum drawn against the master and the master sheet material was enclosed in a frame.
  • a foamed polymeric backing was then formed in situ to force the heat curable elastomeric sheet against the master to copy the shape of the master.
  • the heat curable elastomeric sheet was then cured in the shape of the master.
  • articles were molded in the shape of the master in a mold constructed from the cured elastomeric sheet material.
  • a decorative plastic moulding was disclosed in 5,372,869 to Drexinger et. al.
  • the moulding comprised two moulding pieces, each with a decorative face, a back, two sides, and two ends.
  • Each end of each piece had a 45 degree angle pre-mitered cut relative to the plane of the decorative face, with the pre-mitered cuts of each piece being in parallel planes.
  • Each side of each piece was in a plane at a 45 degree angle to the plane of the decorative face, with the side planes converging at a position spaced from the back of the piece.
  • the two moulding pieces were made of fire rated polyurethane.
  • the urethane composition comprises an isocyanate side and a polyol side and is mixed in a spray gun in a spray-in-mold process to build up the molded artificial rock to a desired thickness.
  • the cradle and mold are then stripped away after curing.
  • the present invention involves methods and apparatus for producing cast articles with characteristics of original objects such as a stone panel.
  • the cast articles can replicate the contours, textures, and colors of all or a portion of the original object and can be made in any shape or size and specifically can be formed to simulate rock walls, carved stone architecture details, and other construction components normally created by stone masons or sculptors on site and at a high cost.
  • the processes used in making the cast articles include the production of a series of molds.
  • the molds seek to replicate the size, shape, contour, and surface texture of an original object with or without modifications to the original object.
  • the original object may be a wall with multiple and different stone sections as would occur if a stone mason created a wall from individual stones.
  • an original object is physically placed in a frame to make a mold.
  • an impression can be taken of at least a portion of the original object where it is located.
  • an impression of a portion of a large object found in nature e.g., a portion of a huge, immovable stone, boulder, etc. could be taken in the field.
  • an open faced box could be securely held, or constructed, around a portion of the object that one desires to replicate.
  • the securely held box could then be sealed around its open face edges and filled with a first impressionable material.
  • This first impressionable material could be a flowable mold making material such as a semi-liquid silicone that, upon curing or drying (in the box), captures the surface morphology, texture, etc. of the object to be replicated.
  • This first impressionable material could also be a precursor to an inflexible material (e.g., a polymeric material or a non-polymeric material) such as those used to create certain hereinafter more fully described thermosetting polymeric materials. These impressionable materials are capable of replicating the surface morphology, texture, etc.
  • impressionable materials could even be a non-polymeric material (e.g., a crystalline material) such as plaster of Paris.
  • impressions of manmade objects e.g., bricks, manmade carvings in the face of a block of marble, wood, metal, thermoset resin, ceramic material, etc., three dimensional manmade objects such as castings of objects of art, mold parts, etc.
  • a resulting impression-bearing first mold material can be employed in ways hereinafter described in order to produce a master reproduction.
  • a final product or cast article bearing a replication of the surface morphology of the original object (be it a natural or manmade object) can then be made.
  • the herinafter decscribed processes for making a final product or cast article that replicates a portion of a surface of the original object may comprise: (1 ) making a first mold that replicates at least part of the surface of the original object, (2) filling the first mold with a first castable material to produce a cast reproduction, (3) modifying the cast reproduction to form a master reproduction, (4) making a second mold that replicates at least part of the surface of the master reproduction, (5) filling the second mold with a second castable material, and (6) curing the second castable material to produce a cast article that replicates at least a portion of the surface of the original object.
  • One particularly preferred process for making the cast articles that replicate the surface of an original object such as a natural article comprises the steps of modifying the original object to a predetermined size and configuration (such as cutting two or more stones to fit together or to carve a piece of stone) and thereafter making a mold of at least part of the modified original object (e.g., modified natural article).
  • the mold is then filled with a castable material to produce a cast reproduction of at least part of the surface of the modified original object (e.g., modified natural article).
  • the reproduction may be modified for construction and installation purposes to a predetermined size and configuration to make a master reproduction.
  • the final cast article may then be made from a mold replicating at least a part of the surface of the master reproduction.
  • Another method of the invention involves making reproductions or cast articles of architectural details, such as cornices or moldings that replicate the surface of a natural article (e.g., stone).
  • the method comprises the steps of making a mold of at least part of the surface of the stone and then lining the inner surface of a support structure with the mold.
  • the support structure with the surface mold is filled with castable material creating a master reproduction with the replicated stone surface texture incorporated into the casting in the three- dimensional shape desired.
  • Apparatus of the invention as disclosed can be used in systems for the production of cast articles that replicate the surface of an original object.
  • These systems include two types. One is a continuous conveyor system and a second is a single mold operation that is individually filled. These may be placed in a multiple mold stack for curing or cured individually with or without pressure.
  • the conveyor system comprises a conveyor, one or more molds positioned on the conveyor (each of which molds replicates on at least part of its surface the surface of the original object), a dispenser positioned adjacent to the conveyor for filling one or more of the molds with a castable material, and second conveyor positioned adjacent to the first conveyor for substantially confining the castable material to the molds.
  • This system can further comprise one or more dispensers of castable material, liquid or powdered coloring agents secondary additives, such as UV blockers, or solvent positioned adjacent to the first conveyor, as well as a heater for heating the molds and drying any paint, coloring agent or solvent placed in them.
  • the curing may occur in separate closable support structures, with or without pressure systems. These may be individual or aggregated for efficiency and production.
  • molds can be placed in closable support structures to facilitate casting of the article.
  • the closable support structure can be made of metal, wood, plastic or the like and lined with an inert material to prevent adhesion of castable material to the rigid support structure.
  • the cast articles can be colored by placing a powdered or liquid coloring agent (or both) into the mold before the mold is filled with castable material.
  • a coloring agent is mixed into the castable material before the mold is filled with the castable material. Additional additives may be added if desired for purposes of protecting against environmental or other conditions.
  • FIGS. I through 8 below relate to one embodiment of the invention of this application:
  • FIG. I depicts three pieces of a natural article, in this case stone, cut to appropriate size and set side by side to form a panel or portion of a wall.
  • FIG. 2 depicts the stone pieces surrounded by a wooden dam and with silicone poured over the stones.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a first mold after it is removed from a frame such as in Fig. 2.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a master reproduction made from the mold of Fig. 3 and subsequently modified to generate a master reproduction by removing material to form undercuts and creating extensions for use in production and installation.
  • FIG. 5 depicts a detail of the undercut of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 depicts a detail of the fit between two polyurethane reproductions showing the undercut and extensions.
  • FIG. 7 depicts a second mold made from the master reproduction of FIG.4.
  • FIG. 8 depicts the second mold placed in a closable support structure.
  • FIGS. 9 through 24 below relate to two other embodiments of the invention of this application:
  • FIG. 9 depicts a piece of stone onto which a castable material such as silicone has been poured.
  • FIG. 10 depicts the removal from the stone of the silicone mold of FIG. 9 after it has cured.
  • FIG. 11 depicts a preshaped wooden mold or master part of an architectural detail lined with the silicone mold, such as in FIG. 10, used in forming the architectural details such as cornices or moldings.
  • FIG. 12 depicts a side view of the assembly of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 13 depicts the assembly of FIG. 12 filled with castable material to make a master reproduction.
  • FIG. 14 depicts a side view of the assembly of FIG. 13.
  • FIG. 15 depicts the removal of the master reproduction from the assembly of FIG. 13.
  • FIG. 16 depicts a side view of the removal of the master reproduction from the assembly of FIG. 13
  • FIG. 17 depicts the master reproduction
  • FIG. 18 is a side view of the master reproduction of FIG. 17 supported by on a wooden board.
  • FIG. 19 depicts the master reproduction of FIG. 17 placed into a second support structure into which silicone has been poured to form a mold.
  • FIG. 20 depicts the resulting silicone mold placed in a closable steel support structure.
  • FIG. 21 depicts the assembly of FIG. 20 filled with castable material to produce a cast article.
  • FIG. 22 illustrates a characteristic of the flexible mold in that it can be manipulated into alternate shapes.
  • FIG. 23 illustrates a mold for corner pieces.
  • FIG. 24 illustrates corner pieces of a rock wall cast from a mold such as in FIG. 23.
  • FIG. 25 depicts a system for the production of cast articles with first and second conveyors moving in combination.
  • FIG. 26 illustrates the preparation of a mold including pouring coloring and UV protection additives in the mold and treating itt with solvent or wetting agents, such as denatured alcohol.
  • FIG. 27 depicts another system for the production of cast articles.
  • FIG. 28 illustrates the cure apparatus of one embodiment to enable an efficient use of space by stacking the filled molds for curing.
  • FIG. 29 illustrates the closable support structure with a covering top to keep pressure on the molds during the cure time.
  • FIG. 30 illustrates the closable support structure in a non- pressurized state.
  • FIG. 31 illustrates the closable support structure in a pressurized state.
  • FIG. 32 illustrates a wall formed with multiple panels.
  • FIG. 33 is a side view taken along line 33-33 of FIG. 32 illustrating the joining of various elements of the wall.
  • FIG. 34 illustrates the closable support structure in an open position with a mold in it.
  • FIG. 35 illustrates the closable support structure with the top in a closed position.
  • FIG. 36 illustrates a view taken along line 36-36 of FIG. 35 showing the top with a protrusion into the mold cavity and into the castable material in the mold.
  • FIG. 37 illustrates the same view as FIG. 36, but after the castable material has expanded and excess castable material has exited the vents in the top.
  • FIG. 38 illustrates the closable support structure after the casting material is cured showing the excess castable material that exited the vents and showing the hollowed-out portion of the cast article caused by the protrusion of the top.
  • FIG. 39 illustrates the cast article.
  • FIG. 40 illustrates another closable support structure and a second mold before any castable material is placed in the mold.
  • FIG. 41 illustrates the closable support structure with the top closed.
  • FIG. 42 illustrates a side view taken along line 42-42 of FIG. 41 showing the closable support structure, the second mold, the castable material, and the vents where excess castable material has exited.
  • FIG. 43 illustrates the cast article.
  • FIG. 44 illustrates the closable support structure with the top opened and the side support opened to allow for the removal of the cast article and second mold after casting.
  • FIG. 45 illustrates an alternate top for the closable support structure showing vents along the top but without the protrusion into the mold cavity of FIG. 36.
  • FIG. 46 illustrates the top of FIG. 45 closed over the mold.
  • FIG. 47 illustrates the cast article removed from the mold of FIG. 45.
  • FIG. 48 illustrates the use of ribs formed by the vented top of of
  • FIG. 45 in an installation as a flat construction surface to provide pathways.
  • FIGS. I through 8 depict one preferred embodiment of the invention of this application.
  • the process described is for making flat panel reproductions for use in structures. These panels replicate the surface of an original object such as a natural stone panel in a form that would be difficult and expensive to make with natural stone and would require a stone mason to design and build onsite.
  • natural articles such as flagstones 102, 104 and 106 are first selected, altered, and arranged to create a modified natural article (i.e., stone panel 204) supported by wooden board 100.
  • grout 110 has been placed in the spaces between flagstones 102, 104 and 106.
  • Wooden grout strips 200 have also been added along the sides of flagstones 102, 104 and 106 to facilitate the production of replicates that will lock together when assembled in quantity.
  • the stone panel 204 has been walled in with wood strips 300 that form a perimeter for a liquid mold material 400 (see FIG. 2) that will be subsequently poured into the receptacle made up of stone panel 204 and the frame of wood strips 300.
  • FIG. 2 may be treated with a vacuum to eliminate any bubbles prior to being poured.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the first flexible mold 600 which is formed after the poured silicone of 400 of FIG. 2 has cured and been lifted off the stone panel 204.
  • the mold 600 as shown depicts the negative impression of the surface of the stone panel 204.
  • This first mold 600 is then filled with a first castable material, such as expandable polyurethane plastic, to form a first cast reproduction that duplicates the surface texture and major contours of the original object (i.e., the stone panel 204) and any grout surfaces.
  • a first castable material such as expandable polyurethane plastic
  • FIG. 4 depicts a first master reproduction 700 made from a substantially square mold in essentially the same manner that the rectangular mold 600 of FIG. 3 was created.
  • Extensions 702 and 706 in FIG. 4 are formed by grout strips like 200 in FIG. 2.
  • sides 704 and 708 of panel 700 have been undercut.
  • Panel 700 as modified with undercuts 704 and 708 can also be used herein as a master reproduction. This undercutting can be accomplished by any known method for removing material from a panel including milling, sawing, knife cutting, and laser cutting.
  • FIG. 5 depicting how an adjacent extension 702 and undercut 704 of final cast articles 900 and 901 made according to the processes herein will overlap when placed against one another.
  • FIG. 7 depicts a second mold 1000 made from a first master reproduction such as panel 700 in FIG. 4.
  • Mold 1000 has cavities 1002, 1004, 1006 and 1008 corresponding to stones in an original panel.
  • Mold 1000 was made using essentially the same procedures as those followed to make rectangular mold 600, except that outer grout strips 200 were not added.
  • mold 1000 has been placed in a closable support structure 1112, which in turn is made up of steel subframes 1114 and
  • Inert material such as plastic sheet 1113 prevents the uncured polyurethane plastic from sticking to subframe 1114.
  • a polyurethane plastic, cast article made as described above can be colored on the side that replicates some or all of the cavities of mold 1000.
  • one or more powdered cement or ferric oxide dyes or other powdered coloring agents are placed in a predetermined or random pattern into at least one of the cavities 1002, 1004, 1006, and 1008 of mold 1000 of FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the best coloring agent is powdered ferric oxide which can be in many different colors. For best results, use of multiple colors randomly sprinkled into the cavities gives the appearance of natural coloring and weathering.
  • a fine mist of a wetting agent such as water or denatured alcohol can then sprayed or brushed over the coloring agent or agents until the powder dissolves or is wetted.
  • mold 1000 so treated are then dried.
  • the coloring agent or agents become part of the surface of the uncured polyurethane plastic, resulting in a polyurethane cast artilce that is partially or wholly colored on the surface that replicates the contours of mold 1000. This is illustrated and discussed later in conjunction with FIG. 26.
  • one or more coloring agents such as paints or powders can be introduced in a predetermined or random pattern into at least one of the cavities of mold 1000.
  • the cavity or cavities of mold 1000 so treated are then dried.
  • uncured polyurethane plastic is introduced into mold 1000, the dried paints or powders are picked up by the uncured polyurethane plastic, resulting in a cast article that is partially or wholly colored on the surface that replicates the contours of mold 1000.
  • one or more liquid or powdered cement dyes or other powdered coloring agents are mixed with the second castable material before being introduced into mold 1000.
  • the powder or liquid may include protective additives to aid the resistance of weathering or other deleterious environmental conditions for the cast article. This may be an ultraviolet blocking agent or some other material to protect against any undesirable conditions.
  • FIGS. 9 through 24 depict another preferred embodiment of the invention of this application.
  • the process described is for making three-dimensional replicas. These replicas reproduce desirable surface textures of the original object (e.g., natural stone) in a form that would be difficult or impossible to make in natural stone.
  • the final cast article then appears to be three-dimensional stone with the desirable texture on the outside.
  • FIG. 9 depicts the first step in making a flexible silicone mold of the stone 1200 bearing the surface of the natural article for replication. Stone 1200 as illustrated is fitted with a dam 1202 on the upper surface thereof.
  • the parts of dam 1202 visible in the side view of FIG. 9 are wood strips 1204 and 1206. Dam 1202 serves to contain the uncured silicone 1208 poured onto stone 1200 in FIG. 9.
  • the uncured silicone 1208 of FIG. 9 has cured into the first flexible mold 1300 of FIG. 10.
  • the dam 1202 can be opened as shown in FIG. 10 by removing the wood strip 1204 of FIG. 9.
  • This mold 1300 then replicates the desired texture of the surface of the stone 1200 which may be weathered limestone, porous marble or etched or carved graphics and designs.
  • a rigid support structure 1412 is depicted in FIG. 11 comprising a bottom board 1400, side boards 1404 and 1408, end board 1406, and contour board 1402.
  • the contour board 1402 determines the decorative three-dimensional shape of the cast reproduction. In some cases, the three-dimensional shape may be an existing carved shape, such as a sculpted stone piece.
  • the rigid support structure 1412 can be lined with a flexible mold 1410, which can be a portion of the flexible mold 1300 of FIG. 10 trimmed to fit inside support structure 1412.
  • the first flexible mold 1300 has a textured surface 1302 and a smooth surface 1304.
  • FIG. 12 in this regard is a side view of the rigid support structure 1412 of FIG. 11.
  • the rigid support structure 1412 has been filled with a first castable material such as expandable polyurethane plastic 1600 and the rigid support structure 1412 closed with top 1602.
  • a cross section from the end of the rigid support structure 1412 of FIG. 13 is shown in FIG. 14.
  • the first flexible mold 1300 is thin enough to easily conform under the cure pressures to duplicate the contours of the rigid support structure 1412.
  • the mold 1300 forms a high fidelity veneer on the support structure 1412 adopting the contours of the textured side 1302.
  • top 1602 has been removed from rigid support structure 1412 and the cured polyurethane master reproduction 1800 removed from rigid support structure 1412.
  • the surface of master reproduction 1800 that contacted mold surface 1302 then replicates the surface of stone 1200.
  • a cross section from the end of rigid support structure 1412 of FIG. 15 is shown in FIG. 16.
  • FIG. 17 depicts the master reproduction 1800 after being fully removed from rigid support structure 1412 and placed on top of a board 2000 to form assembly 2002.
  • assembly 2002 has been combined with a second rigid support structure 2212.
  • Structure 2212 comprises side boards 2203 and 2206, top board 2208, and spacer board 2210.
  • the second rigid support structure 2212 is sized and configured internally so that there is a relatively uniform gap between the master reproduction 1800 and the inner surfaces of second rigid support structure 2212.
  • a second flexible mold 2200 of the master reproduction 1800 results.
  • FIG. 20 depicts a third rigid support structure 2300. While the first rigid support structure 1412 and second rigid support structure 2212 may be made of wood, the third rigid support structure 2300 may be made of structural steel or metal as it will be used to create multiple cast articles and thus, needs to be sturdy. Rigid support structure 2300 is sized to receive the silicone mold 2200 as closely as possible. Flexible mold 2200 of FIG. 20 has been placed in closable support structure 2300, which in turn is made up of steel subframes . These subframes are rotatably connected by hinge 2306 with upper subframe or top 2304 being fitted with a sheet of inert plastic 2314.
  • a second cast article is made by filling the mold 220 in the closable support structure 2300 with uncured polyurethane plastic and rotating top 2304 to cover mold 2200.
  • Latch 2308 is then engaged with bracket 2310 and closed to effect a tight engagement.
  • Inert plastic sheet 2314 prevents the uncured polyurethane plastic from sticking to the top 2304.
  • latch 2308 is disengaged from bracket 2310 and top 2304 is rotated away as shown in FIG. 21.
  • a resulting, cured cast article 2400 of polyurethane such as shown in FIG. 21 is then removed.
  • Polyurethane cast articles made as described above can also be colored by various methods, including those previously discussed.
  • FIG. 22 illustrates a characteristic of the flexible molds like
  • the final cast article of the processes of the present invention will have the desired texture on the outside surface replicating the surface texture of the original object (e.g., stone panel).
  • the original object e.g., stone panel
  • a sculptor would have to sculpt the stone, after finding the appropriate stone block.
  • the selected texture is replicated on an easily constructed surface made from easily machined materials, such as wood or plastic.
  • FIG. 23 illustrates a second flexible mold 2450 to produce a second master reproduction such as the corner piece 2452 shown in FIG. 24.
  • the corner piece 2452 is formed as a single piece and thus, does not have the joint of two, separate wall pieces.
  • FIG. 25 depicts a system 2500 for the continuous production of polyurethane cast articles.
  • First lower conveyor 2502 is loaded continuously with molds 2504, which are made from one or more original objects or master reproductions thereof.
  • one or more coloring dispensers 2506 introduce one or more coloring agents, powdered or liquid, as well as wetting agents, such as water or alcohol where required, into the cavities in the mold 2504 so as to color the cast articles produced from molds 2504 by various methods, including the methods described above.
  • Lower conveyor 2502 then conveys molds 2504 to one or more heaters 2508, which dries all coloring agents, paints and water in molds 2504, and also heats the mold 2504.
  • Lower conveyor 2502 then conveys molds 2504 to a second castable material dispenser 2510, which fills molds 2504 with a castable polyurethane.
  • lower conveyor 2502 conveys molds 2504 under second upper conveyor 2512, which inhibits the castable urethane from foaming beyond the confines of molds 2504.
  • the conveyor 2512 preferably has a surface of inert material so the castable material will not stick to the conveyor 2512. Depending on the formulation of the castable material, this second conveyor 2512 may need to apply pressure to the mold during the cure.
  • lower conveyor 2502 conveys molds 2504 beyond the second or upper conveyor 2512 and onto receiving platform 2514, where the cured cast articles are removed from molds 2504.
  • FIGS. 26 and 27 illustrate Another embodiment of the production process and a cure apparatus is illustrated in FIGS. 26 and 27.
  • FIG. 26 illustrates the mold preparations with coloring agents placed in the cavities. The brush spreads the agents and wets them with a wetting agent, such as denatured alcohol or water. The wetting agent must not cause the mold to swell as this will degrade control and quality of the accuracy of the replicas of the stone surface texture.
  • the activities of FIG. 26 occur in FIG. 27 in areas 20, 21 and 22.
  • Area 24 is a drying area to dry the incoming mold M of any wetting agent before the polyurethane fills the mold M.
  • a flash heater 25 is illustrated to quickly dry the mold.
  • area 26 the dry, prepped molds are filled with polyurethane.
  • FIG. 28 depicts a stack 14 of closable support structures. It can be a multi-layered structure with bottom or layers to support each mold.
  • each layer operates by pneumatic, mechanical or hydraulic forces to cause a top or platen to come down onto the mold form with side supports for the cure of the polyurethane to inhibit the expansion and increase the density and thus the fidelity of the reproduction.
  • a plastic sheet or inert sheet is inserted between the top and the filled mold before the top is lowered, thus preventing the polyurethane adherence to the top.
  • each layer forms a closable support structure.
  • the expandable polyurethane creates pressure during expansion with the top, bottom, and side supports containing the pressure thus controlling the density of the second cast reproduction.
  • the cured density ranges from 5 lbs. per cubic feet to 25 lbs. per cubic feet.
  • closable support structure may have a means to resist the required pressure during the cure.
  • FIG. 28, is a side view of the rack shelves being loaded from station 26. After a particular mold is cured, it is removed to station 30.
  • FIG. 29 illustrates the press 14 with the pneumatic mechanism 16 expanded to close the top onto the mold during the cure.
  • FIGS. 29 and 30 show the press 14 with FIG. 14 showing the deflated pneumatic mechanism 16.
  • FIG. 31 shows the pneumatic mechanism 16 inflated and thus, closing the top onto the mold 8.
  • FIGS 3, 7, 18, 24, 32, 33 and 34 illustrates the manufactured articles in various shapes.
  • the FIG. 32 illustrates the facade that may be used to give the appearance of a true stone wall.
  • the described low-rise castable material with a density of approximately 15 pounds per cubic foot, or non-expansive castable material with good cast capability at low containment pressure allows for a less rigid closable support structure.
  • the closable support structure may be of material, such as cardboard, composites, wood, plastic or other similar material.
  • the only pressure applied to the mold is due to closing the top onto the mold that is filled or that beomes filled by the low-rise expansion.
  • the method allows the cast article to be of more complex shapes. These shapes may include rounded, sculpted, or multi-faceted, shapes. If used with medium to high pressure, a closable support structure for such shapes necessitates restricting the pressures in all directions. Such pressure containment is a complex requirement, making the apparatus very expensive and the process difficult. With low or no-rise castable material only a very small resistance to the expansion pressures, in the case of expansible castable material, or the pressure of closing the top on non- expansible castable material is necessary. Only enough pressure to make sure the castable material fills the voids in the mold is needed.
  • the apparatus to accomplish the method and the steps of the method using low or no-rise castable material are illustrated by FIG.
  • FIG. 34 illustrates a closable structure 50 with a top 52, sides 56, latches 54, vents 58 and a protrusion area 60 in the top that extends into the mold cavity with the top closed as illustrated in FIG. 35.
  • FIGS. 36 and 37 illustrate a side view from line 36-36 in FIG.
  • the mold 55 is supported by sides 56 and bottom 57.
  • the top 52 is held on top of the mold by latch 54.
  • the castable material 62 such as the low-rise expansible polyurethane is placed in the mold cavity before the top is closed.
  • the protrusion area 60 extends into the mold cavity.
  • the castable material during expansion fills the mold cavity and exits the vents 58 after filling the mold cavity.
  • the mold cavity is filled so that upon closure of the top 52 there is enough extra castable material to be forced to exit by way of the vents 58, thus insuring that all voids in the mold have been filled.
  • the protrusion area 60 keeps the castable material 62 from filling this area, thus creating a hollow area 64 in the cast article 63 illustrated in FIGS. 38 and 39.
  • the hollow area 64 is used to save on material, to lessen the weight of the cast article 63 and may be used as a means of mounting the cast article.
  • An inert layer can also be applied between the top and the castable material if adhesion is a problem.
  • FIGS. 40-44 illustrate an example.
  • the cast article 63 is illustrated in FIG. 43 after it is removed from the mold showing the hollow 64 formed by the protrusion area 60 of FIG. 42. Again, if the castable material does not expand, the fill of the mold is to the level that forces the excess castable material to exit the vents 58. Because the mold 55 and cast article 63 must be removed from any closable support structure 50 in order to remove the mold 55 from the cast article 63, the side 56 may need to be openable, such as shown in FIG. 44. This allows the removal of the mold and cast article to then allow the removal of the cast article 63.
  • the top may not have a protrusion area 60.
  • the top 52 is without any protrusion.
  • the vents 58 may be in any location on the top.
  • the castable material that exits the vents 58 will form mounting aids such as ribs 66 in FIG. 47 when the cast material hardens. These ribs may be removed or trimmed to a particular configuration for mounting.
  • One example of using the ribs 66 as a mounting aid is in circumstances of mounting the cast article 63 against a flat construction wall 68 as seen in side view in FIG. 48.
  • the ribs 66 act as spacers to keep the back side of the cast article 63 separated from the construction wall 68. This has advantages in that moisture is not trapped in this area, as the spacing allows for drainage and the escape of any moisture. This helps to prevent mold and rot in walls using these methods.
  • applicant's principal required materials include: (1) those material(s) from which the cast reproductions and the cast articles are made, (2) those material(s) from which the molds are made and (3) those materials from which the coloring agents are made.
  • Various materials within these three groups may be selected depending upon whether an original article to be replicated is a manmade object (e.g., the surface of a wall constructed from an array of bricks or stones, a carved item, such as a decoratively carved panel or a machined object, such as a mold component) or an object found in nature (e.g., a stone having a surface that one desires to replicate).
  • thermoset polymers that produce extremely hard, rigid items having the mechanical strength and dimensional stability required of a given master reproduction and/or cast article.
  • thermoset polymer(s) selected also should be able to accept pigment coloration in general and metal oxide pigment coloration in particular (especially during a thermoset polymer curing process).
  • Some of the more preferred thermoset polymers for the practice of this invention will include, but not be limited to: (1) urethanes, (2) phenolics, (3) epoxies, (4) alkyds, (5) allylics, (6) aminos (melamine and urea), (7) polyesters and (8) silicones.
  • thermosetting resin materials that may be especially preferred for the practice of this invention may include, but by no means be limited to: (1) polyether polyurethane, (2) polyester polyurethane, (3) polyvinylchloride, (4) polycarbonate, (5) polypropylene and (6) epoxy resin.
  • additives often include catalytic agents, stabilizers, fillers, colors, plasticizers, flame retardants, blowing agents, cross-linking agents and other more specialized agents, such as ultraviolet light inhibitors and fungicidal agents.
  • polyurethane materials most preferred for the practice of this invention are those rigid polyurethane materials whose ingredients are made and/or sold by Urethane Technologies
  • Part A is a resin component containing polyols, blowing agents, catalytic agents and having a viscosity of 150-350 cps at 77°F and a specific gravity of 1.22 to 1.24 at 77°F.
  • Part B is a polyisocyanate component containing polymethylene, polyphenyl, isocyanate and having a viscosity of 1000 to 1200 cps and a specific gravity of 1.10 at 77°F.
  • these two main ingredients When appropriately mixed, and dispensed (e.g., by casting, spraying, etc.) these two main ingredients produce a cured polyurethane material having a density that ranges from about 5 pounds per cubic feet to about 25 pounds per cubic feet.
  • the preferred mixing ratio of component A (UTC-6022-7.5 FRA) to component B (UTC-6022-7.5 FRB) is about 1:1 by weight.
  • the reactivities of these ingredients, at 77°F, are as follows: (1) cream time 48-52 seconds, (2) string gel time 1 minute to 1 minute and 20 seconds, (3) rise time 4 minutes and 5 seconds to 4 minutes and 25 seconds, free rise core density 7.0-7.5 pounds/ft 3 and mold dwell time 8 to 9 minutes.
  • ceramic materials can be employed to make a first casting (e.g., to make a master reproduction) and/or a second casting (e.g., cast article). It also should be noted that such firt castings (and in some cases even a second casting) can be made of non-polymeric materials such as ceramic materials, clays, plaster of Paris and the like.
  • clay a hydrated compound of aluminum and silicon H 2 Al 2 Si 2 Og, but also containing relatively small amounts of various other compositions, such as ferric oxide Fe 2 O 3 , silica SiO 2 , calcium carbonate CaCo 3 ).
  • Other ingredients commonly found in clays include feldspar, quartz and dolomite.
  • first and/or second materials e.g., thermosetting polymers, ceramic materials, metals, etc.
  • first and/or second materials e.g., thermosetting polymers, ceramic materials, metals, etc.
  • first and/or second molds should be castable materials that are capable of faithfully replicating the details of the surface of the original object and then curing (or drying or cooling) to form a solid, hard material that also faithfully replicates the details of the surface of the original object.
  • the materials from which the first and/or second molds are made can be flexible or inflexible end product materials (e.g., flexible polymers, inflexible polymers, crystalline materials, metal castings and the like).
  • the polymeric materials employed for the second molds will be those that produce flexible molds having the mechanical strength, durability and flexibility needed for repeated use of said second molds.
  • the materials from which these second molds are made also should: (1 ) be able to repeatedly withstand those temperatures (e.g., temperatures up to about 300° Fahrenheit) used to create and/or cure the ingredients from which a given cast article is made, (2) not chemically or mechanically bond with a given second castable material (e.g., a thermosetting resin) being employed and (3) not take up large quantities (e.g., more than 10% of its weight) of the liquid used to create the coloring agent/liquid suspensions that may be employed in the practice of this invention.
  • temperatures e.g., temperatures up to about 300° Fahrenheit
  • a given second castable material e.g., a thermosetting resin
  • Some of the more preferred flexible mold materials are those polymers whose final forms display the above noted qualities.
  • Some of the more preferred mold- making materials are of silicone based materials and especially so- called “silicone rubbers.”
  • the most preferred silicone based material for the practice of the herein disclosed invention is a silicone rubber made and sold by Rhodia, VSI of Troy, New York as their "VI-SIL, V- 1065-S" product. Such silicone rubbers will preferably have a durometer reading from about 15 to about 75.
  • the materials from which the first mold is made also can be flexible or inflexible end product materials (e.g., flexible polymers, inflexible polymers, crystalline materials, metal castings and the like).
  • they can be made from the same mold materials used to make the preferred second molds (e.g., silicone rubber) or the same "inflexible" polymer materials from which the end products are made.
  • non-polymeric materials such as ceramic materials, plaster of Paris, or even metal castings could be employed.
  • the materials from which the first molds are made will not normally be repeatedly used, or be used in conjunction with coloring agents. Hence, there will generally be more latitude in selecting the material(s) for making a given first mold relative to the material(s) that can be selected for making a given second mold.
  • the preferred powdered coloring agent(s) for the practice of this invention is (are) one or more inorganic pigment(s).
  • inorganic pigments may include, but are not limited to: (1) metal oxides (e.g., oxides of iron, titanium, zinc, cobalt, chromium, etc.), (2) metal powder suspensions (e.g., suspensions of gold, silver, tin, copper, bronze, etc.), (3) earth colors (e.g., siennas, ochers, umbers, etc.), (4) carbon black and/or mixtures thereof.
  • the more preferred inorganic pigments are metal oxides and/or carbonates, and especially those of iron.
  • iron oxide compounds or compositions in this regard are: (1) iron oxide, metallic brown (a naturally occurring earth, principally ferric oxide, to which various extenders are normally added), (2) iron oxide, yellow (hydrated ferric oxide, which is a precipitated pigment of finer particle size and greater tinctorial strength than the naturally occurring oxides, such as ocher, and having particularly good lightfastness qualities), (3) iron oxide, black
  • iron oxide e.g., pigments of ferric oxide commonly referred to as burnt sienna, Indian red, red iron oxide, red oxide, Turkey red and rouge
  • ferric oxide ferrric oxide, red, iron oxide, red iron trioxide and ferric trioxide
  • a particularly preferred iron carbonate coloring agent is iron
  • Titanium dioxide is a particularly preferred coloring agent when a white color is desired (a white color alone, or in a coloring system needing a white color component). It also should be appreciated that use of mixtures of any such pigments may be particularly preferred for the practice of the herein disclosed invention, especially when trying to imitate the colors of certain stones (e.g., so- called sandstones) found in nature.
  • a powdered inorganic coloring agent ingredient will be the main component of a coloring composition that further comprises certain secondary ingredients.
  • These secondary ingredients may be pigment binders, ultraviolet light inhibitors, flame retardant agents, anti-microbial agents, insect repellants, extenders and the like. If used at all, these secondary ingredients will preferably comprise no more than about 30% by weight of the powdered, inorganic coloring agent ingredient/secondary ingredient composition. Coloring agent compositions having from about 5% to about 20% (by weight) of such secondary ingredients are somewhat more preferred.
  • a particularly preferred pigment binder or film-forming ingredient for creating applicant's powdered, inorganic coloring agent/secondary ingredient coloring formulations will be binder materials comprised of mixtures of silicone dioxide (30-70% by weight of the binder mixture) and polytetrafluoroethylene (30-70% by weight of the binder mixture). Applicant especially prefers those pigment binders marketed by Development Associates, Inc. of North Kingstown, Rhode Island under their product name "Z-8261".
  • Suitable ultraviolet absorbers for the practice of this invention may include, but are not limited to, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, substituted acrylonitriles and phenol-nickel complexes.
  • Suitable flame-retarding agents may include, but are not limited to, chlorinated organic compounds, such as chlorendic anhydride, alumina trahydrate, ammonium sulfamate, zinc borate and various organic phosphates and phosphonates.
  • Suitable fungicides may include, but are not limited to copper oxychloride, copper naphthenate and dithiocarbamate. Most preferably, such ultraviolet absorbers, flame- retarding agents, fungicides and the like will not, in total, constitute more than about 8% by weight of the total weight of the end product.
  • the coloring agents are dispensed into a second flexible mold cavity in a powdered form.
  • a powdered form For example, such powders could be simply sprinkled, brushed, blown, etc., in their powdered forms, into the cavity or cavities of the second mold prior to filling said mold with the second castable (e.g., a thermosetting resin material).
  • the powdered coloring agent(s) become a component of a coloring agent suspension that is placed in, or created in, the cavity or cavities of the second mold before the second castable material(s) is (are) poured, injected, blown, etc. into said cavity or cavities.
  • the powdered coloring agent becomes a component of a two (or more) phase coloring system.
  • One phase is comprised of the particles of the powdered coloring agent(s) and their associated secondary ingredients (if any) and a second phase is comprised of a liquid suitable for creating a powdered coloring agent/liquid suspension used to impart the pigment color(s) to the mold side surface of the cast article (i.e., to the "face side" of the end product of this production method).
  • such a powdered coloring agent/liquid suspension can be pre-formulated and then introduced into (e.g., by spraying, brushing, etc.) the cavities of the second mold.
  • a suspension also could be an added ingredient of an entire composition (e.g., polyurethane/powdered coloring agent/liquid suspension) from which a second thermosetting resin(s) material(s) is (are) made in a thermosetting reaction.
  • the powdered coloring agent/liquid suspension will be created in the following manner.
  • one or more coloring agents in powdered form
  • are introduced e.g., by sprinkling, spraying, brushing, etc.
  • An appropriate suspension creating liquid is then sprayed over the powdered inorganic pigments (in the alternative, the liquid could be sprayed into the cavities first and the powdered coloring agent added thereafter).
  • These two materials are then mixed (preferably by brush stroke action) to form the desired powdered coloring agent/liquid suspension ("the resulting suspension").
  • the resulting suspension will generally have the consistency of wet paint or stain.
  • the liquid(s) used to create the coloring agent/liquid suspension is (are) preferably polar solvents (e.g., an alcohol, such as ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol and the like, water and/or weak acids). Most preferably the polar solvent(s) employed is (are) not corrosive toward, or readily absorbed by, the material (e.g., silicone) from which the second mold is made.
  • denatured alcohol is a particularly preferred liquid for the creation of applicant's powdered coloring agent/liquid suspensions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés et des dispositifs permettant de produire des articles coulés (63, 2400, 2452) présentant les caractéristiques d'objets originaux, tels qu'une plaque de pierre (204, 1200). Les articles coulés peuvent reproduire les contours, les textures et les couleurs de tout ou partie d'un objet original et ils peuvent être fabriqués dans n'importe quelle forme ou n'importe quelle taille; ils peuvent être formés plus spécifiquement pour imiter des parois de roche, des détails architecturaux de pierre taillée, ou d'autres composants de construction normalement crées par des tailleurs de pierre ou des sculpteurs sur place et à un prix de revient élevé. Les procédés mis en oeuvre pour fabriquer les articles coulés comprennent la production d'une série de moules (600, 1000, 1300, 2200, 2450, <U>M</U>, 55). Ces moules ont pour fonction de reproduire la taille, la forme, le contour et la texture superficielle d'un objet original avec ou sans modifications apportées à ce dernier.
EP03794424A 2002-09-06 2003-06-12 Proc d s et dispositifs de reproduction d'objets originaux Withdrawn EP1551612A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

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US10/236,667 US7235204B2 (en) 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Methods and apparatus for producing manufactured articles having natural characteristics
US236667 2002-09-06
US40968602P 2002-09-09 2002-09-09
US409686P 2002-09-09
PCT/US2003/018732 WO2004022301A1 (fr) 2002-09-06 2003-06-12 Procédés et dispositifs de reproduction d'objets originaux

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CA2567936C (fr) 2006-11-14 2016-01-05 Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited Dispositif et methode de replication de couche superficielle
ITRM20070172A1 (it) * 2007-03-30 2008-09-30 M E Rin S R L Stampo componibile in particolare per pietra sintetica
ITMI20071170A1 (it) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-12 Moretti Internat S R L Procedimento impianto e vassoi per la produzione di lastre o piastrelle in materiale sintetico contenente inserti e lastre o piastrelle ottenute

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AU2003243560A1 (en) 2004-03-29
CA2497875A1 (fr) 2004-03-18
MXPA05002507A (es) 2005-11-17
CA2497875C (fr) 2010-01-26
WO2004022301A1 (fr) 2004-03-18
EP1551612A4 (fr) 2009-01-21

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