Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
  • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
  • E04B2/8658—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms using wire netting, a lattice or the like as form leaves

Definitions

• the invention relates to a filtering wall of a lost formwork.
• the first type includes reusable formwork. These form a rigid waterproof pocket into which a concrete is introduced.
• the formwork walls are formed from sheets of steel fixed to a supporting structure.
• This type of formwork has many drawbacks, namely: - a large weight of the formwork to resist the hydrostatic thrust,
• the “formwork / filling” composite has improved mechanical characteristics compared to a veil produced by traditional means.
• the first formwork mainly used expanded metal to achieve the desired permeability of the formwork skin.
• FR-A-2,800.109 a lost formwork with filtering skin which, instead of expanded metal, uses a lattice or fabric with large mesh obtained by interlacing warp threads weft threads.
• the mesh size of the trellis is defined according to the aggregates and the desired filtering.
• the trellis being flexible. When fixed to the frame of the formwork, it is stretched in two perpendicular directions to obtain a uniform tension of the warp and weft threads in both directions.
• the invention proposes to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks.
• the subject of the invention is a filtering wall intended for a lost formwork comprising a trellis formed by assembling flexible wires of warp and weft, this trellis being stretched over a so-called non-deformable structure, this filtering wall being characterized in that:
• some of the warp threads are more resistant than the other warp threads, the tension of the trellis then being created by pulling only on these more resistant warp threads, and
• the invention comprises means for maintaining a tension associating the son of more resistant chains with the non-deformable structure, these means for maintaining a tension defining a larger mesh than that resulting from the unnecessary crossing of the son of warp and weft.
• the invention also relates to the formwork equipped with the formwork wall and the means of manufacturing said formwork wall.
• FIG. 1 the installation for implementing the method
• - Figure 5 a connecting means or jumper
• - Figure 6 a section of a pressure bar
• FIG. 9 a close-up view of a detail in FIG. 8,
• FIG. 15 the completed assembly seen in section.
• a filter wall 1 intended to equip a lost formwork.
• the formwork wall acts as a filter and, depending on the size of the mesh, removes excess moisture.
• this filtering wall comprises a lattice 2 formed by assembling flexible son of warp 2A, 2B and of weft 2C, this lattice being stretched over a so-called undeformable structure.
• non-deformable should not be taken in its strict sense but, in the sense, where the deformation linked to the tension is extremely small.
• This filtering wall is then fixed to a supporting structure in order to determine a volume with another formwork wall.
• this filtering wall comprises means 3,4,5 of maintaining the tension associating the son of more resistant chains with the undeformable structure, these means 3,4,5 of maintaining a tension delimiting a larger mesh than that resulting from the initial crossing of the warp and weft threads 2C.
• the tension and therefore the deformation is determined between two consecutive tension maintenance means.
• the principle does not consist in exerting a tension between the ends of the trellis then in putting in place the retaining means but on the contrary in fixing an end of the trellis with retaining means then in exerting a tension force to fix the following means of support.
• a new tension is exerted and the mesh is locked with tensioning means and so on.
• the tension being exerted on the more resistant threads, the warp and weft threads located in the previously defined mesh will be arranged according to an iso-constrained repair as shown in FIG. 4.
• the mesh is defined by four points A1 / A2 / B1, B2 / that before tensioning.
• This arrangement distributes the stresses in a decreasing manner from the edge of the mesh, which will allow, under pressure, increasing deformations towards the center of the mesh.
• the form face defined by a mesh, under the pressure of the concrete, is no longer flat but curved.
• the value of the deformation is determined by the ratio between the elasticity of the more resistant wires 2A compared to the other wires 2B.
• the resistant wire will not be common to two meshes side by side and, consequently, the trellis will comprise pairs of resistant wires 2A.
• resistant wires 2A are either larger wires or made of another material, or more generally constituted by a group of close wires.
• the means 3,4,5 for maintaining the tension include:
• pressure bars 4 which extend along one of the axes of the trellis, - on the other side of the trellis 2, so-called support bars 5 which extend along a direction perpendicular to the pressure bars and,
• the trellis is not placed on a pre-constituted non-deformable structure but this structure is constructed at the same time as the filtering wall.
• the so-called pressure bar 4 may include grooves 4A.
• This pressure bar 4 is triangular in shape and the outer face of the base has the grooves 4A. This pressure bar has an axial cavity 4B to give it flexibility.
• the support bars 5 will be in pairs, that is to say that a connecting means 3 hooks onto a pressure bar and two support bars.
• connecting means 3 we will now describe in more detail a connecting means 3. It is also specified that in order to prevent any risk of disorders resulting from unclipping of the elements during transport, this device may be supplemented by a positive locking device, bonding or welding.
• This connecting means is presented as a jumper intended to overlap the pressure bar.
• This rider comprises two legs 3A carrying a stop face 3B for the pressure bar and, externally, on each of the external faces of the legs, a support plane 3C for the support bars.
• the pressure bar slides between the rider's legs.
• a 3D lock prevents the grab bars from sliding sideways.
• the 3D lock constituted by a boss adjoins one of the support planes 3C.
• This support bar is put into force by rotation around its base.
• this support bar therefore has rounded faces and a flexibility allowing elastic deformation.
• Sectional view it is in the embodiment in the form of an eight.
• the top of the rider and the external face will be used as a tooth to advance the formwork wall.
• ends of the legs carry lateral 3E notches to anchor themselves on a “Tor” iron of the bearing structure of the formwork.
• a number of means are used to manufacture these titrating facilities.
• a station 50 for cutting to the appropriate length is provided downstream of the assembly stations of the filtering wall.
• the installation of the non-deformable structure consists in gradually positioning, on the stretched trellis, the connecting means 3, then in putting in place the pressure bar 4 then the support bars 5.
• the means for creating the tension of the trellis are divided into two zones 30A, 30B called tensioning zones which are distributed on either side of the tool 41.
• One is placed just behind the trellis wound on its axis and the other at the level of the equipped and therefore finished trellis.
• the tensioning means exert a tensile force on the trellis then locked in translation by one of the devices of the tool 41.
• the tensile force is determined by the number of meshes between the two tensioning zones to be proportional to the desired elongation of a mesh.
• the translational locking of the trellis located at the level of the downstream tensioning zone 30B comprises a roller 31 and a counter-roller 32, each being provided with grooves 33 capable of allowing the jumpers to pass freely. These rollers and counter-rollers pinch the mesh.
• rollers and counter rollers are motorized and allow the trellis to progressively advance.
• the roller and / or the counter-roller may consist of rollers aligned on an axis.
• the roller is incidentally mounted on arms 100.
• the outer face of the rollers and / or of the rollers and counter-rollers will be made of elastically deformable material to be in sufficient engagement with the trellis.
• the tensioning means are constituted by a set of two fixed rollers 34,35 between which is located a roller 36 movable between two positions, one high triggering the unwinding of the mandrel on which the mesh is wound and the other low triggering the stop of the mandrel.
• the trellis 2 then forms a Vee.
• the upstream traction force on the trellis is given either by the simple weight of the movable roller 36, or this weight is supplemented by springs or other traction means such as jacks etc.
• the tension is therefore determined by the means distributed upstream of tool 41.
• a device 41 for advancing the trellis and for laying the connecting means in the form of a jumper.
• This laying device consists of wheels 42 distributed along an axis transverse to the direction of movement of the trellis.
• All the wheels 42, integral in rotation, are driven by a suitable irreversible device (stepping motor for example) which allows a rotation corresponding to a pitch of the trellis.
• a suitable irreversible device stepping motor for example
• Each wheel 42 whose circumference is a multiple of the pitch of the meshes regularly includes notches 43 capable of accommodating the head of each connecting means. Lateral to these wheels and at the notches, the device includes guides 44 for the pressure bars which must be introduced into the head of the riders. These guides therefore have a groove 45 of complementary shape to the external face of the pressure bars.
• the guides also serve to assemble the wheels together.
• the machine comprises a device 46 for aligning all of the jumpers located on an axis.
• This alignment device comprises an axis 47 on which are mounted pairs of discs 48 apart, each pair of discs being intended, to wedge laterally a jumper and the part of the axis located between two discs of a pair, to s 'partially engage between the rider's legs.
• Teeth 60 carried by the wheels 41 are used to position, advance and immobilize the trellis on said discs.
• the installation of the jumpers is done from below in the installation shown.
• the pressure bar 4 is supplied as follows.
• the profile coming from a reel is driven by pressure rollers 70 to a first stop 71.
• the first stop 71 is retracted and the pressure rollers 70 push profile 4 through the jumpers 3 guided by the guides 44, this up to a second stop 72.
• the section 4 is then cut and the first stop is then replaced. As these pressure bars are put in place, the support bars must be placed. To do this, these support bars 5, wound on a reel, are progressively unwound flat to then be rotated 90 ° to come to anchor in a self-stable position on the rider.
• the machine will therefore include a device for gradually unwinding the profiles 5 and a means for putting them in place.
• the two support bars 5 then form a Vee.
• Mechanical means 80 tilt the grab bars towards the connecting means 3.
• a clamp 80 is used, the two jaws 81 of which come closer together.
• a trellis is stretched between two tension zones and this, by exerting traction along some of the warp threads
• the said support bars are tilted towards the median axis of the jumpers to come with the jumpers and the pressure bar to form clamps and -
• the filter wall is formed continuously and gradually and then said wall is cut to the desired dimensions.
• the filter wall is then coupled to a supporting structure to form a lost formwork.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
• Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
• Sewage (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=29725164

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

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Family Cites Families (26)

• 2002
  • 2002-07-04 FR FR0208398A patent/FR2841920B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2003
  • 2003-07-01 EP EP03762719A patent/EP1540104B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-07-01 DE DE60330360T patent/DE60330360D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-07-01 CN CNB038157500A patent/CN100451262C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-07-01 AU AU2003259314A patent/AU2003259314A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-07-01 WO PCT/FR2003/002029 patent/WO2004005639A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-07-01 AT AT03762719T patent/ATE450673T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2005
  • 2005-01-03 US US11/029,739 patent/US7836647B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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