EP1538899A2 - Protein transport enhancer for transgenic plants - Google Patents
Protein transport enhancer for transgenic plantsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1538899A2 EP1538899A2 EP03766985A EP03766985A EP1538899A2 EP 1538899 A2 EP1538899 A2 EP 1538899A2 EP 03766985 A EP03766985 A EP 03766985A EP 03766985 A EP03766985 A EP 03766985A EP 1538899 A2 EP1538899 A2 EP 1538899A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- protein
- plants
- plant
- proteins
- protein transport
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
- A01N33/20—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
Definitions
- the insecticidal crystal proteins are characterised by their potency and specificity towards specific insect pests, many of which are agronomically important, and their relative safety to non-target insect species and vertebrates, particularly humans. They have enjoyed a long history of use in horticultural industries where the mixture of crystals and spores are sprayed just like a chemical pesticide, but they have not been used with much success on broad-acre field crops.
- the insecticidal crystals are composed of a large protein that is essentially inactive.
- a caterpillar ingests some of the insecticidal crystals, the alkaline reducing conditions of the insects midgut cause the crystals to dissociate and release the crystal protein.
- the protein toxin is inactive, but specific proteases within the gastric juices of the insect chop the protein down to its protease resistant core that is now fully active.
- This activated insecticidal protein then binds to a specific receptor on the brush border membranes of the cells lining the midgut and inserts itself into the cells membrane.
- Plant cells are sensitive to many of the antibiotics that are used to control bacterial infections in animals and humans. If a gene could be isolated that gave the plant cells tolerance to one of these toxic antibiotics then if physically linked to some desirable gene and inserted into the Agrobacterium, it would provide a useful selection system to kill off those cells that don't receive the genes during the "infection" process. Genes have been known in bacteria for many years that give the bacteria resistance to antibiotics by producing enzymes that breakdown or chemically modify the antibiotic so that it is no longer toxic.
- Cotton is a crop of particular interest.
- Commercially available forms of transgenic cotton use the CrylAc (BOLLGARDTM by Monsanto) or a combination of CrylAc with Cry2Ab (BOLLGARDTM LT by Monsanto) genes to express the endotoxin protein of B. thuringiensis.
- Field efficacy reports indicate a 50-70% reduction in the amount of applied pesticide needed to control the pests Helicoverpa armigera and H. punctigera.
- Also of interest are crop plants modofied with the B.
- cryET33 and cryET34 which encode the colepteran-toxic crystal proteins, CryET33 (29-kDa) crystal protein, and the cryET34 gene encodes the 14-kDa CryET34 crystal protein.
- the CryET33 and CryET34 crystal proteins are toxic to red flour beetle larvae and Japanese beetle larvae. (See, US Patent No. 6,399,330.) [0010] The use of transgenic crop plants raises new issues in the ongoing struggle towards integrated pest management.
- Some of these issues concern a reduction in the amount of expressed endotoxin as the plants mature which leads to a loss of efficacy in the latter stages of the growing season (the last 1/3 of the cotton growing season) and the increased probability of surviving pests that can develop immunity to the endotoxin.
- Such drawbacks have lead to the development of pest control strategies that dictate a planting "window" relative to the development cycle of local pests and designated pest population minimum threshold values for pesticide application.
- Physiological stress and physical damage to the transgenic plants can also result in a reduction of expressed endotoxin protein with a corresponding drop in pest control efficacy.
- an extended drought and/or high temperatures can reduce the endotoxin expression rate in the transgenic crop and provide a significant drop in pest protection that can dictate the need for pesticide spraying
- transgenic plants preferably transgenic crops that express pesticidal proteins, and especially for transgenic crops that express insecticidal proteins.
- a method for treating transgenic crop plants according to the invention comprises applying to foliage of transgenic plants that are designed to express pesticidally effective proteins a protein transport enhancer that promotes the expression and/or stability of pesticidally effective proteins within the treated plants.
- the protein transport enhancer acts in one or more of several ways: (a) as a form of protective water substitute for cellular membranes during times of water deprivation stress, (b) as a protein stabilizer for the desired pesticidal protein, and/or (c) as a binder for proteins that facilitates movement via intraplant transport mechanisms.
- transgenic crop plants treated according to the invention express and move pesticidally effective proteins into fruit tissues despite physiological stress from water shortage and plant damage. It is thought that the treatment according to the invention will also continue to express effective levels of pesticidal protein through plant growth and maturity.
- Transgenic plants are treated, according to the invention, with a protein transport enhancer that stimulates and/or protects cellular expression and intraplant transport mechanisms sufficiently that desired levels of pesticidal protein proteins are maintained in plant tissues, fruits, and seeds despite water deprivation, physical damage to plant tissues, growth, and plant maturity.
- a protein transport enhancer that stimulates and/or protects cellular expression and intraplant transport mechanisms sufficiently that desired levels of pesticidal protein proteins are maintained in plant tissues, fruits, and seeds despite water deprivation, physical damage to plant tissues, growth, and plant maturity.
- Maintenance of desired protein expression levels and concentrations of protein proteins within transgenic plant tissues help to maintain efficacy levels for better pest control, further reductions in amounts of applied pesticides now required to counteract reductions in efficacy, and should help to prevent survival of exposed pests and the development of resistant pest populations.
- Suitable protein transport enhancers for use in the present invention include one or more compounds and agrichemically acceptable salts of compounds according to the structure in Formula 1 :
- X is NO 2
- protein transport enhancers used in the present invention include one or more compounds and salts of compounds according to the above structure in which X is a nitro group at the ortho or para positions relative to the hydroxy group, Y is hydrogen or a C r C 3 alkyloxy, and Z is a carbon atom.
- Suitable salts include water soluble alkali metal salts (especially sodium and potassium salts), ammonium salts, and other water soluble salts that are not phytotoxic or of environmental concern.
- the most preferred protein transport enhancer includes a combination of the sodium salts of p-nitrophenolate (A), o-nitrophenolate (B), and 2-methoxy-5- nitrophenolate (C). It is particularly preferred that the protein transport enhancer contain a mixture of these salts ina range of ratios within the range of A:B:C of (0.1-10):(0.1-10):1.
- Protein transport enhancers according to the invention are applied at a rate generally less than 20 grams of each active ingredient per acre of treated field (gAI/ac).
- these enhancers are applied at a rate within the range of 1-20 gAI/ac and most preferably at a rate within the range of 3-18 gAI/ac. It is especially preferred when salts of the protein transport enhancers are used within the range of 0.01-5 wt% based on total weight and applied at a rate (combined) within the range of 0.5-20 fluid ounces per acre
- Herbicides that can be used include the triazines (e.g., atrazine), the ureas, glyphosate, sulfosate, glyfosinate, and sethoxydim.
- Suitable plant growth enhancing agents for the present invention include plant growth hormones such as at least one of the 84 identified gibberillins with GA 3 , GA 4 ,
- GA 5 , GA 7 and GA 9 being preferred; cytokinins (e.g., zeatin, kinetin, benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin, and isopentenyl adenine); auxins (e.g., indolacetic acid (IAA), indolebutyric acid (IB A), and naphthalenacetic acid (NAA)); and polyhydroxycarboxylic acids of 2, 4, 5, and 6 carbon structures; ethephon; and fertilizers.
- cytokinins e.g., zeatin, kinetin, benzyladenine, dihydrozeatin, and isopentenyl adenine
- auxins e.g., indolacetic acid (IAA), indolebutyric acid (IB A), and naphthalenacetic acid (NAA)
- IAA indolacetic acid
- IB A indolebutyric acid
- NAA naphthalen
- Suitable plant growth stunting agents useful in the invention include chlormequat chloride, mepiquat chloride, as well as maleic hydrazide and its esters.
- Such plant growth regulators affect and alter plant metabolic processes to enhance or retard plant growth. All such agents can be used according to the application rates and timing specified by the manufacturer on the product label.
- Systemic fungicides that will benefit from the invention include tridemorph, metalaxyl, iprodione, fosetyl-aluminum, thiophanate, benomyl, triadimefon, carboxin, oxycarboxin, carbendazim, thiabendazole, thiophanate, ethirimol, bupirimate, and dimethirimol.
- Suitable systemic insecticides include aldicarb, acephate, carbofuran, dimethoate, phorate, and terbufos.
- the transgenic plant includes genes that express pesticidally effective proteins that are effective to provide resistance against attacks or infections by insects, bacteria, fungus, mildew, mold, mites, and the like.
- genes that express pesticidally effective proteins that are effective to provide resistance against attacks or infections by insects, bacteria, fungus, mildew, mold, mites, and the like.
- Two genes of particular effectiveness are the CrylAc gene (driven by the CMV35S promoter) and the Cry2Ab gene. These genes can be inserted individually or in combination into cotton, corn, wheat, sorghum, soybeans, and similar agricultural commodity crops to provide pesticidally effective protection against a variety of pest insects.
- cotton stock that has been modified to express pesticidally effective protein proteins (e.g., BT cotton).
- ATONIK ® a commercially available product containing a mixture of agents thought to be general growth regulating agents but winch appears to act well as protein transport enhancers for genetically modified commodity crop plants.
- ATONIK ® contains the sodium salts of p-nitrophenolate (0.3%), o-nitrophenolate (0.2%), and 5-nitroguaiacolate (0.1%).
- Cotton plants were treated at at 7 th true leaf (TL) and sampled 10 days later for the upper expanded main stem leaf. The temperature was maintained within the range of 76-86°F with adequate watering.
- Table 5 shows the effect of treatments with ATONIK on the height and number of nodes in Bt cotton.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US429974 | 1982-09-30 | ||
US39971602P | 2002-08-01 | 2002-08-01 | |
US399716P | 2002-08-01 | ||
US10/429,974 US6770598B1 (en) | 2003-05-06 | 2003-05-06 | Protein transport enhancer for transgenic plants |
PCT/US2003/023823 WO2004013286A2 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2003-07-31 | Protein transport enhancer for transgenic plants |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1538899A2 true EP1538899A2 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
EP1538899A4 EP1538899A4 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
Family
ID=31498600
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03766985A Withdrawn EP1538899A4 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2003-07-31 | Protein transport enhancer for transgenic plants |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1538899A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1681385A (en) |
AR (1) | AR040751A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003257029B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0313099A (en) |
CO (1) | CO5690503A2 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05001216A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004013286A2 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200501290B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105409619B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2018-07-20 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A method of improving transgenic Bt cotton external source insecticidal proteins content |
WO2019124565A1 (en) | 2017-12-24 | 2019-06-27 | Oatアグリオ株式会社 | Synergistic bactericide composition including nitrophenol compound and bactericidally active compound |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5650372A (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1997-07-22 | Micro Flo Company | Plant treatment with bacillus strain ATCC |
US5919999A (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1999-07-06 | Queen's University At Kingston | Enhanced transport with a plastid membrane transport protein |
-
2003
- 2003-07-31 AU AU2003257029A patent/AU2003257029B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-07-31 EP EP03766985A patent/EP1538899A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-07-31 CN CNA038219751A patent/CN1681385A/en active Pending
- 2003-07-31 MX MXPA05001216A patent/MXPA05001216A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-07-31 AR AR20030102758A patent/AR040751A1/en unknown
- 2003-07-31 WO PCT/US2003/023823 patent/WO2004013286A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-07-31 BR BRPI0313099-1A patent/BR0313099A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-02-14 ZA ZA2005/01290A patent/ZA200501290B/en unknown
- 2005-03-01 CO CO05018883A patent/CO5690503A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
DATABASE BIOSIS [Online] BIOSCIENCES INFORMATION SERVICE, PHILADELPHIA, PA, US; November 2001 (2001-11), ADAMCZYK JOHN J JR ET AL: "Potential factors impacting season-long expression of Cry1Ac in 13 commercial varieties of Bollgard(R) cotton" XP002372218 Database accession no. PREV200200234642 & JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (TUCSON), vol. 1, no. Cited Feb 13, 2002, November 2001 (2001-11), pages 1-11 URL, ISSN: 1536-2442 * |
DATABASE BIOSIS [Online] BIOSCIENCES INFORMATION SERVICE, PHILADELPHIA, PA, US; October 2000 (2000-10), KRANTHI K R ET AL: "A sensitive bioassay for the detection of Cry1A toxin expression in transgenic cotton" XP002372219 Database accession no. PREV200000515968 & BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 10, no. 5, October 2000 (2000-10), pages 669-675, ISSN: 0958-3157 * |
DATABASE CAPLUS [Online] CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE, COLUMBUS, OHIO, US; OOSTERHUIS, DERRICK ET AL: "Increased efficacy of Bt cotton with ARYSTA EXP-NP321" XP002372217 retrieved from STN Database accession no. 2004:833343 & PROCEEDINGS - BELTWIDE COTTON CONFERENCES 1874-1880 CODEN: PCOCEN; ISSN: 1059-2644, 2003, * |
See also references of WO2004013286A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MXPA05001216A (en) | 2005-08-18 |
WO2004013286A2 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
ZA200501290B (en) | 2005-11-30 |
AU2003257029B2 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
AU2003257029A1 (en) | 2004-02-23 |
AR040751A1 (en) | 2005-04-20 |
CO5690503A2 (en) | 2006-10-31 |
EP1538899A4 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
CN1681385A (en) | 2005-10-12 |
WO2004013286A3 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
BR0313099A (en) | 2007-07-17 |
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Legal Events
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