EP1537366B1 - Procede et dispositif pour reguler la gestion thermique dans des batiments - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour reguler la gestion thermique dans des batiments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1537366B1
EP1537366B1 EP03794748A EP03794748A EP1537366B1 EP 1537366 B1 EP1537366 B1 EP 1537366B1 EP 03794748 A EP03794748 A EP 03794748A EP 03794748 A EP03794748 A EP 03794748A EP 1537366 B1 EP1537366 B1 EP 1537366B1
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Prior art keywords
building
parameters
temperature
control unit
specific
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP03794748A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1537366A1 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Rietschel
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Barix AG
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Barix AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling the heat flows in at least one building, in which method means for influencing the temperature within the building are controlled from a plurality of input parameters.
  • Optimizing the heat flows in a building is something that residents have always dealt with intensively. Although the modern means of air conditioning (cooling, heating, adjustment of air humidity) have made it much easier to influence the heat flow, energy saving is a major issue, especially in view of economic and ecological aspects. In particular, the heating of homes (private, commercial and public) represents a major energy consumer in central European latitudes, and any optimization in the area is potentially highly interesting.
  • the air conditioning system designed in particular as a heating system with a controllable heat source, is used to heat supply of heat consumers, and is connected to a control device which is connected to the heat source or the heat consumers to regulate their heat output to a desired value.
  • the system has a communication device which is connected to the control device, and which sets the setpoint to the control device, wherein the communication device is adapted to receive signals containing information about future weather conditions, eg in the form of a central weather forecast.
  • the invention is accordingly based on the object of providing a method and a device for controlling the heat flows in at least one building, in which means for influencing the temperature within the building are controlled from a plurality of input parameters.
  • the regulation should be designed to be as forward-looking and efficient as possible.
  • the means for the temperature control of a specific, considered space or at least a region of a specific space are controlled by the input parameter: a) at least one target value, in particular the desired Temperature of the specific room; b) at least one general parameter which is characteristic of at least one size inside and / or outside the building, which at least indirectly influences the temperature within the specific space; and c) at least one specific parameter which is considered for the specific heat flow conditions of the specific one Space or area of specific space is characteristic; are used and from these input parameters in a control unit, the control of the means is calculated.
  • the essence of the invention is thus to make the control specifically for each room in an adapted manner.
  • a target value is defined for each room, which can be different for different rooms.
  • This target value can either be preset by the user, depending on the time of day and the day of the week, etc. (schedule). Or it is also possible to derive this target value to some extent from a history, d. H. the control unit "watches", if necessary additionally via movement sensors, the effective use of the corresponding room and automatically adapts the heat flows to the actual expected use.
  • the control unit automatically responds by setting the target value to one of defining minimum value, if there is typically no person in the room, and a different target value, if typically the presence of a person is to be expected.
  • the presence of persons can be determined space-specific as already mentioned via sensors, but it is also possible to do this z. B. on indirect factors such as the presence of the person who usually works in the space under consideration, as can be seen from a time monitoring system, or by querying the local computer network, whether the person under consideration is logged in or not.
  • At least one general parameter is used as the input variable, which to a certain extent stands for external, variable factors influencing the heat flows of the considered space.
  • these are z.
  • the means for the temperature control is typically at least one heater.
  • these means comprise at least one air conditioning system, and / or at least one ventilation system, and / or at least one device for influencing the solar radiation (eg sun blinds) into the room.
  • the control unit has access to a database in which historical values of the parameters (b, c) and the target values (a) of the considered specific room and / or the specific building under consideration are included. Accordingly, the control of the means for the temperature control from the input parameters taking into account these historical values, wherein particularly preferably in an adaptation process, the control of the means for the temperature control from the input parameters is optimized taking into account these historical values. It is, as it were, an intelligent learning process that takes place in the control unit and optimally takes into account the microclimate typical of the specific building and even the specific room.
  • this embodiment has the advantage that such a system does not require any special installation steps to be adapted to the specific object since, after a certain learning period in which the system autonomously optimizes, the control is set specifically optimally.
  • a combination is of course possible by the installation of a coarse, suspected for the specific object record as the starting value for the history is already deposited in order to make the usually occurring in such learning processes transient response of the scheme not too pronounced.
  • the at least one general parameter is one or a selection of the following, in particular by means of sensors measured parameters: temperature on the outside of the considered building (temperature sensors on different facades at different heights on the outside of the building); Humidity on the outside of the considered building (humidity sensors also on the different facades); Wind and in particular wind direction on the outside of the considered building (eg wind turbine on the roof); the solar radiation on the outside of the considered building (brightness sensors also on the different facades on the outside or possibly also inside the room in places, where the windows are to be reckoned with sun radiation).
  • these general parameters are particularly preferably measured at several points with different climatic influence for the space considered, such as on different facades and / or on the roof of the building, if necessary, at different heights.
  • This data can be z. B. are that of a corresponding provider in a defined form precipitation probabilities, sunshine probabilities, etc. are made possible depending on the time of day.
  • Such a system can be implemented particularly easily with today's technical means if the general parameters are at least partially transmitted via a wired or wireless network, in particular via a LAN, wireless LAN, GPRS or the like, using standard protocols such as SMTP, ftp, http the control unit be transmitted periodically or continuously. Especially easy can be z.
  • the present invention not only uses the parameters measured at the considered building but also uses parameters from other buildings, which are integrated in a similar system.
  • This allows a further adaptation of the control to the microclimate valid for the respective object.
  • general parameters as described above, are used, which are measured on at least one other building, these other buildings being arranged adjacent or in a distance relevant to the climate, in particular the microclimate, at the considered building ,
  • This can be z.
  • each building of a corresponding network makes its data available to the control units of other buildings in a general database managed by a provider.
  • the control units of other buildings can then access the entirety of these data and optimize their control, which may be particularly interesting in connection with the above-mentioned learning process using a history, if in this database of buildings not only the current values are included but also historical data.
  • the value of the temperature in the considered specific room and / or the value of the temperature in adjacent specific rooms should also be used as the input parameter.
  • At least one specified specific parameter for the specific space is one or a selection of the following parameters: window area; Isolation state; Orientation regarding Direction and solar radiation; Shading by neighboring buildings, and / or vegetation (especially possibly depending on the season) respectively Topography; Building height above normal level; Coordinates of the building.
  • These specific parameters can either be determined once and entered into the control unit, and / or it is possible, the entire influence of at least certain of these specific parameters of the control unit automatically in an optionally continuous adaptation process taking into account the influence of the general parameters and the control carried out the means for the temperature control to determine the actually caused in the specific space value. In turn, the collection of historical data is a great help.
  • the present invention relates to a device for controlling heat flows in at least one building using a method as described above.
  • the device comprises at least one control unit with which means for influencing the temperature within the considered building are controlled, a plurality of sensors for determining the parameters, preferably also the possibility of accessing a weather forecast, as well as a communication network or at least a coupling to a Communication network, in particular in the form of a LAN, WAN, WWW, via which the parameters transmitted from the sensors to the control unit respectively via which the weather forecast to the control unit or. is made available.
  • the present invention relates to a control unit for carrying out a method as described above or for use in a device as described above.
  • the control unit comprises at least one processor, internal means for data storage and at least one network interface, wherein preferably on the data storage means a database is provided on which the data of the input parameters and the actually achieved target values are continuously documented, and wherein the control unit is designed such that are controlled from the current input parameters taking into account the histoty content of the database in an optimizing and learning means for the temperature control.
  • the present invention also relates to a data processing program for carrying out such a method in such a control unit.
  • a control unit which is designed to some extent as a computer, controls heating elements such as radiators in their supply either with heating fluid or electrical current.
  • the control unit has a CPU, d. H. a processor, as well as the possibility of controlling the corresponding control means for the heating elements (flow control respectively current control).
  • These control means can either be connected to the control unit via dedicated cabling, but it is also possible to design these control means as autonomous units which communicate with a local area network (LAN, ev. Wireless, GPRS) via standard protocols (SMTP, http etc.). ) communicate with the control unit.
  • LAN local area network
  • GPRS ev. Wireless
  • GPRS standard protocols
  • control unit has a network connection, which can be accessed via standard protocols such as SMTP or HTTP with standard data formats (XML / SOAP) to other data sources, and which also allows access to the control unit from the outside.
  • This network exclusion can be realized for example via a modem. So it is also possible to remotely configure the control unit from the outside, ie from any computer in the same house or elsewhere, which may be interesting for example during the holidays (preheating the winter house before arrival).
  • system has sensors, which are arranged on the outside of the considered building, and which measure the outside temperature and possibly also the outside humidity in the Location are.
  • the sensors are attached at different locations on the outer shell of the building, in particular, there is a separate sensor on each facade, which has its own climate characteristics (sun exposure, wind exposure, rain exposure, etc.).
  • climate characteristics unsun exposure, wind exposure, rain exposure, etc.
  • sensors on the facade at different height of the building on a facade due to vegetation or hillside also a different climate characteristic occurs, or if the insulation state at different heights is different, additionally arranged sensors on the facade at different heights.
  • At least one further temperature sensor is arranged in each of the rooms to be controlled separately in order to enable regulation to the target value.
  • the measured values of the individual sensors are either passed to the control unit via cables or lines provided for this purpose, or else, and this proves to be particularly advantageous in terms of the installation effort; it is possible to connect the sensors directly to a network (for example LAN , possibly wireless).
  • a network for example LAN , possibly wireless.
  • the individual sensors directly it is possible to design the individual sensors directly as small autonomous units, which in turn have an actual sensor, a small processor, possibly storage options and in particular via a network connection (possibly Wireless or alternatively generally GPRS), so that the installation of the sensor easy to install and then connect to the local network via a corresponding power cord or wireless.
  • Such a sensor box comprising a Teinperatur- and / or humidity or air pressure sensor and possibly further, relevant for the determination of the climate sensors, further comprising a processor, optionally means for local data storage (RAM, ROM, hard disk, SANDISK o .ä.), a network card (also modem possible) for connection to wired or wireless network (alternatively, connection to general wireless network with GPRS possible) and possibly a housing and an internal (battery or accumulator) or external power supply is in itself and independent of the system considered new and inventive.
  • a processor optionally means for local data storage (RAM, ROM, hard disk, SANDISK o .ä.
  • a network card also modem possible
  • connection to wired or wireless network alternatively, connection to general wireless network with GPRS possible
  • a housing and an internal (battery or accumulator) or external power supply is in itself and independent of the system considered new and inventive.
  • the installation is particularly simple.
  • an automatic assignment (or can be assigned via DHCP, for example) of an IP address and a self-signed at a designated server, which may either be the control unit, or which may be a data server, the data then one or more Control units (possibly in different buildings) or weather evaluation centers provides.
  • the control unit uses the data thus provided to control the heating elements in a manner specific to each room.
  • the characteristic for the room specific parameters that are typical for the heat input or for the heat dissipation of the considered space, determined and used. These include, among other things, the insulation state, the window area of the room, etc.
  • the data of those sensors are taken into account which are actually relevant with regard to the climatic conditions of the room in question.
  • the sensors are used on the outside of the facade, which are located at the same height, and which are arranged on facades to which the space considered actually borders. Which sensors in which mass are actually of thermal relevance for the space under consideration can be adapted continuously, ie it is possible for the control unit to successively learn such considerations or weightings.
  • Each of these sensors transmits its data with object designation and orientation (cardinal direction) via a communication network (Internet, LAN ..) into a central database (this central database can either be arranged in the control unit or separately). in this the object height over NN, exact coordinates, location (on the slope etc etc) are recorded.
  • the regulation can be based exclusively on the actual values of the sensors and on a corresponding extrapolation on the basis of the weather forecast consulted.
  • the extrapolation can also be improved by taking into account the evolution observed in the measurements of the individual sensors over the last few periods. Typically this is called development from the last minutes to hours.
  • control can be achieved by using not only the data of the sensors of the considered building as input variables for the control, but also taking into account corresponding measured values of other buildings.
  • This data can be picked up by the control units either directly from the similarly equipped other buildings, or it is possible that each building in such a network stores its data on a central server, and all control units of the respective building to the data of this server can access.
  • the other buildings may either be in the immediate vicinity of the considered building, but it is also possible to take into account buildings located in the same region or even farther away, and thus to further improve the weather forecast through appropriate regional trends to draw more detailed conclusions for the considered building.
  • a further improvement of the control can, and this seems to be particularly interesting, be achieved by the fact that the control unit is to some extent adaptive and gradually takes into account the microclimate relevant to the building concerned.
  • This steering ability can be achieved by the fact that the determined data of the Sensors, the target values and the corresponding weather forecasts are stored in a database in the sense of a history. Subsequently, it is possible to let the control unit in this historical database in each case search for similar, already expired scenarios of the microclimate (pattern matching). If such a similar or identical situation is found in the database, it can be ascertained in which respect the regulation subsequently effected was not optimal, and the regulation can be adjusted accordingly for the expected behavior in the near future.
  • values of sensors from the database are selected based on historical data as maximum matching from the set of all available sensors (with displacement on the time axis) and depending on general weather conditions, wind direction, wind speed. This can be done decentrally in the controller or centrally.
  • awning control in the sweltering summer.
  • the awning shadows a specific room.
  • the awning is retracted in time if sensors on other houses within a radius of about 1 m "wind distance" indicate gusts of wind.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de commande des flux de chaleur dans au moins un bâtiment, dans lequel des moyens permettant d'agir sur la température qui règne à l'intérieur du bâtiment sont commandés à partir de plusieurs paramètres d'entrée,
    les moyens de régulation de température étant commandés en vue de commander la température d'un local spécifique concerné ou d'au moins une partie d'un local spécifique en utilisant comme paramètres d'entrée :
    a) au moins une valeur cible et en particulier la température souhaitée pour le local particulier,
    b) au moins un paramètre général qui est caractéristique d'au moins une grandeur qui règne à l'intérieur et/ou à l'extérieur du bâtiment et qui influence au moins indirectement la température qui règne à l'intérieur du local particulier et
    c) au moins un paramètre spécial qui est caractéristique des conditions particulières d'écoulement de chaleur du local particulier concerné ou de la partie concernée du local particulier,
    la commande des moyens étant calculée à partir de ces paramètres d'entrée dans une unité de commande,
    le ou les paramètres généraux (b) étant un des paramètres ou une sélection des paramètres suivants, en particulier mesurés au moyen de capteurs :
    - la température du côté extérieur du bâtiment concerné,
    - l'humidité du côté extérieur du bâtiment concerné,
    - le vent du côté extérieur du bâtiment concerné et
    - l'irradiation solaire du côté extérieur du bâtiment concerné,
    ces paramètres généraux (b) étant mesurés en particulier de préférence en plusieurs emplacements sur lesquels les intempéries agissent différemment, par exemple sur différentes façades et/ou sur le toit du bâtiment, éventuellement à différentes hauteurs,
    caractérisé en ce que
    ces paramètres généraux (b), mesurés sur au moins un autre bâtiment sont utilisés, comme paramètres d'entrée, ces autres bâtiments étant disposés au voisinage ou à une distance du bâtiment concerné pertinente pour le climat et en particulier le microclimat et
    en ce que ces paramètres généraux (b) d'autres bâtiments ou ouvrages sont pris en compte en fonction des prévisions météorologiques et/ou de la direction du vent et/ou de la vitesse du vent.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de régulation de température sont au moins un chauffage et/ou au moins une installation de climatisation et/ou au moins une installation de ventilation et/ou au moins un dispositif qui permet d'agir sur l'irradiation du local par le soleil.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande dispose d'un accès à une base de données qui contient des valeurs historiques des paramètres (b, c) et des valeurs cibles (a) du local particulier concerné et/ou du bâtiment particulier concerné, en ce que la commande des moyens de régulation de température à partir des paramètres d'entrée s'effectue en tenant compte de ces valeurs historiques et en ce que la commande des moyens de régulation de température à partir des paramètres d'entrée est de manière particulièrement préférée optimisée dans un processus d'adaptation qui tient compte de ces valeurs historiques.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en plus, des informations concernant les prévisions météorologiques, en particulier dans la région, sont utilisées comme paramètres généraux (b) et/ou en ce qu'en plus, elles sont calculés à partir des données lever du soleil et coucher du soleil et sont utilisées pour la commande.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les paramètres généraux (b) sont transmis à l'unité de commande de façon périodique ou continue au moins en partie par un réseau câblé ou non câblé, de manière particulièrement préférable par l'intermédiaire d'un LAN, d'un LAN sans fil, d'un GPRS ou similaires, en recourant à des protocoles standard, par exemple SMTP, ftp ou http.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ces paramètres d'entrée sont transmis par d'autres bâtiments par www, un WAN, un LAN ou des réseaux similaires à l'unité de commande du bâtiment concerné ou sont mis à la disposition de cette unité de commande, le bâtiment concerné mettant pour sa part de la même manière ces données à disposition des autres bâtiments.
  7. Procédé selon les revendications 1 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs bâtiments mettent leurs paramètres généraux (b) à disposition d'une base de données et en ce que les unités de commande d'autres bâtiments peuvent accéder à la totalité de ces données.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de la température dans le local particulier concerné et/ou la valeur de la température dans des locaux particuliers voisins sont utilisées comme paramètres d'entrée.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le ou les paramètres spécifiques (c) sont un des paramètres suivants ou une sélection de ces paramètres :
    - la surface vitrée,
    - l'état de l'isolation,
    - l'orientation du local concerné par rapport au ciel et au rayonnement solaire,
    - l'ombre portée par des bâtiments voisins et/ou la végétation, éventuellement spécifique à la saison, ainsi que la topographie,
    - la hauteur du bâtiment au-dessus du niveau normal,
    - les coordonnées du bâtiment,
    ces paramètres spécifiques (c) étant définis une fois et introduits dans l'unité de commande et/ou
    l'influence globale d'au moins certains des ces paramètres spécifiques (c) étant déterminée automatiquement par l'unité de commande dans un processus d'adaptation, éventuellement continu, qui tient compte de l'influence des paramètres généraux (b) et de la commande, entreprise sur les moyens de régulation de température selon la revendication 10, sur la valeur que cela entraîne effectivement dans le local particulier.
  10. Dispositif de commande des flux de chaleur dans au moins un bâtiment par recours à un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, comprenant
    au moins une unité de commande par laquelle des moyens qui permettent d'agir sur la température à l'intérieur du bâtiment concerné sont commandés,
    plusieurs détecteurs qui permettent de déterminer des paramètres (b, c),
    la possibilité d'accéder à des prévisions météorologiques ainsi qu'à un réseau de communication, en particulier sous la forme d'un LAN, d'un WAN, de www, par lequel les paramètres (b, c) sont transmis par les capteurs à l'unité de commande ou par lequel les prédictions météorologiques sont transmises à l'unité de commande.
  11. Unité de commande en vue de l'exécution d'un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 ou destinée à être utilisée dans un dispositif selon la revendication 10, comprenant
    au moins un processeur,
    des moyens internes de conservation de données en mémoire ainsi qu'au moins une interface réseau,
    une base de données dans laquelle les données des paramètres d'entrée ou des valeurs cibles effectivement atteinte sont documentées en permanence étant prévue sur les moyens de conservation en mémoire des données,
    l'unité de commande étant conçue de telle sorte que les moyens de régulation de température sont commandés de manière optimisée et avec apprentissage à partir des paramètres d'entrée instantanés et en tenant compte du contenu historique de la base de données.
  12. Programme de traitement de données en vue de l'exécution d'un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 dans une unité de commande selon la revendication 11.
EP03794748A 2002-09-13 2003-09-09 Procede et dispositif pour reguler la gestion thermique dans des batiments Expired - Lifetime EP1537366B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH15592002 2002-09-13
CH155902 2002-09-13
PCT/CH2003/000607 WO2004025189A1 (fr) 2002-09-13 2003-09-09 Procede et dispositif pour reguler la gestion thermique dans des batiments

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EP1537366A1 EP1537366A1 (fr) 2005-06-08
EP1537366B1 true EP1537366B1 (fr) 2012-01-11

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US (1) US20050234596A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1537366B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE541160T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003257357A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2497839C (fr)
WO (1) WO2004025189A1 (fr)

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CA2497839A1 (fr) 2004-03-25
WO2004025189A1 (fr) 2004-03-25
CA2497839C (fr) 2011-04-05
US20050234596A1 (en) 2005-10-20
ATE541160T1 (de) 2012-01-15
EP1537366A1 (fr) 2005-06-08

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