EP1536136A2 - Pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The pump assembly has a shaft (5) whose first part is fitted with a first pump wheel (6) and whose second part is fitted with a drive for a piston high pressure pump (9). Independent claim describes reverse osmosis assembly with two pumps mounted with the control valve (2.6) and diaphragm in a single or multi part housing. The pump assembly forms a system with an at least closed and an open circuit.

Description

The invention relates to a pump arrangement for a Reverse osmosis system with a pump housing and with an am Pump housing provided intake manifold and outlet.

It is already a pump assembly for a reverse osmosis system from WO 03 008 076 (HERRINGTON et al). This system comprises an oscillating printing module Two piston pump. For this purpose, a differential pressure valve is the associated with both pistons that ensures energy recovery. Frequency and amplitude of the two-piston pump are decisive for the pressure wave, which in turn the Ensures quality of permeate and throughput.

The invention is based on the object, a pump assembly such form and arrange that with small Mass flow for the reverse osmosis advantageous flow conditions are adjustable and the pump assembly cheap is to produce.

The object is achieved according to the invention that the Pump assembly having a shaft, wherein on a first Part of the shaft, a first impeller and on a second Part of the shaft is a drive for a high-pressure piston pump is arranged.

This ensures that via the first impeller a mass or liquid flow is conveyed at high pressure level and at a steady speed and simultaneously with the second impeller or with the drive for a high-pressure piston pump, the high pressure level for the reverse osmosis is adjustable. The first moving the mass or liquid flow impeller has the advantage over a piston pump that the mass flow is not pulsating promoted and a critical flow velocity in the membrane is not exceeded, as is the case with piston pumps during the charge cycle. The second impeller or the drive for the high-pressure piston pump according to the invention is arranged in the same pump housing as the first impeller and is driven by the same rotating shaft as the first impeller.
The inventive design is cheaper and simpler due to the simple control without pressure differential valve and the almost wear-free rotating pumps.

It is advantageous for this purpose that the pump assembly in an open and / or closed circuit for a liquid is integrated. This will achieve that the pump arrangement according to the invention simultaneously in various arrangements of circuits can be integrated. It is a closed circuit with one or more Combined open circuits, over which a mass flow is added or removed.

A related preferred option is according to a Continuing that the pump assembly is a system with at least one closed and at least one open Cycle forms. In the closed circuit is a membrane brought in. The medium gets high for reverse osmosis necessary pressure level circulated. About one open circuit becomes the closed circuit constantly supplied to a mass flow at one or more locations is removed again at the closed circuit.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the intake manifold and the Outlet are associated with the first impeller and the first impeller closes the circuit. In the closed Circulation thus becomes the fluid through the first impeller circulated under high pressure level. This will achieve that with the first impeller the liquid in Circulation is only circulated. The first impeller is not for applying the necessary for the reverse osmosis high pressure levels used.

It is also advantageous that the piston high-pressure pump a Inlet and an outlet is associated with the outlet communicates with the circuit via a line. About the outlet, the circuit is continuously with the second impeller or with the high-pressure piston pump a certain Mass flow of liquid supplied to the other Place the circuit is removed again. This mass flow is over the inlet designed as an intake fed.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention Solution is finally provided that the first impeller is designed as a low pressure pump and the first Impeller a pressure difference up to 7 bar is adjustable. To circulate the circulation are essentially only the Flow and friction losses through the first impeller applied.

Of particular importance for the present invention, that the first impeller as a rotating hydrodynamic or hydrostatic pump such as a centrifugal pump, Impeller pump or vane pump formed is. In principle, all rotating pumps can be used, the an approximately continuous fluid flow without Generate charge change.

In connection with the embodiment of the invention and Arrangement, it is advantageous that the second impeller as Piston high-pressure pump is formed and the second impeller or at the high-pressure piston pump a pressure difference is adjustable up to 100 bar. This ensures that generates the required pressure level for the reverse osmosis and at the same time allows an exchange of liquids is, so that the salt concentration in the circulation does not exceed a certain level.

It is also advantageous that the second pump as rotating hydrostatic positive displacement pump such as a vane pump, gear pump, Roots pump or rotary piston pump is formed. In principle, they are all rotating pumps can be used, which is a corresponding Generate pressure level.

It is also advantageous that the high-pressure piston pump as an oscillating hydrostatic positive displacement pump such as a piston pump or a piston hydraulic diaphragm pump is trained. In principle, all oscillating pumps can be used, which is a corresponding Generate pressure level.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the second part of the shaft as a cam, cranked or as a swash plate as medium or direct drive for at least one in the radial direction to a rotational axis movable piston of the high-pressure piston pump is trained. This ensures that the for driving the first impeller shaft provided simultaneously an oscillating second pump drives. In one preferred embodiment, the drive is a cam designed for a piston.

To the complexity of the pump assembly according to the invention limit, it is advantageous that the wave at least integrally formed with the first impeller and with the Drive is mounted in the pump housing, wherein the pump housing formed in one piece, screwed or cast is. Both pumps are thus immediately adjacent to each other arranged a pump housing. The pump housing is compact educated.

After all, it is beneficial that the shaft at least is formed in two parts and the first part of the shaft with the first impeller in a first housing body and the second part of the shaft with the drive in a second from stored first housing body structurally separate housing body is. This will cause the waves to move according to Training the pump made and only during assembly be connected at least rotatably. In a special Embodiment is provided, the first part and the second part does not connect inside the case. Thereby is achieved that the first housing body in terms the different pressure levels at the two Pumps opposite second housing body connected is. The two shaft parts are via an intermediate shaft or via a chain or belt drive with each other connected. For such an external connection of the two Shaft parts, it is advantageous, the two shaft parts not in flight but in parallel to each other, what brings a chain or belt drive used.

It is also advantageous for this that the drive on the second part of the shaft associated piston in a cylinder chamber in the pump housing or in the second housing body is stored and the cylinder chamber, the inlet and the outlet is assigned, the outlet via a line connected with the circulation. This will achieve that an oscillating and the high pressure building up Pump is integrated into the circuit via the outlet and via the inlet a feeder for still to be filtered Liquid is formed.

Ultimately, it is an advantage that the second impeller is on the shaft is stored in a pump room and the pump room the inlet and the outlet is assigned, wherein the Outlet connected via a line to the circuit stands. This is compared with the above oscillating pump a rotating, building up the high pressure Pump integrated into the circuit via the outlet. Over the inlet is a feeder for still to be filtered Liquid formed.

It is also advantageous for this purpose that the circuit medium or directly an inlet, a drain and a withdrawal nozzle assigned. By the inlet is a certain Mass flow of liquid still to be filtered added. This Mass flow corresponds to the sum of the expiration and the Outlet neck discharged mass flow. At the withdrawal nozzle if filtered or treated liquid is removed, whereas concentrate drains off at the drain.

An additional possibility is according to a development, that the inlet is designed as an inlet. This will achieved a simple structure.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that in the open circuit of Outlet of the second impeller or the outlet of the high-pressure piston pump immediately across the circuit with the Inlet of the first impeller is in communication. This ensures that the first impeller hydraulically with the second impeller or with the high-pressure piston pump is coupled. The discharged in the open circuit and Unfiltered mass flow with high pressure level is thus as a hydraulic motor for driving the high pressure element used.

It is also advantageous that the outlet is designed as a drain is and / or the second impeller or the first Impeller can be used as a hydraulic motor. This will achieve that the high pressure level in various ways is used to drive the high-pressure element.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention Solution is finally provided that the shaft third impeller or a second piston and impeller or the second piston an inlet and an outlet on the pump housing or is assigned to the housing body, wherein the Drain of the circuit is connected to the inlet and / or the impeller or the second piston as a hydraulic motor can be used. This ensures that the circulation the liquid separated from the feeding of the liquid and separated from the recovery of the pressure energy one pump each. Here are the for each Task special properties of usable Pump used and a simple construction of the pump assembly reached.

Of particular importance for the present invention, that the first impeller and the second impeller as vane rotor or rotating positive displacement pump formed are, wherein the second impeller associated with the outlet nozzle and the intake manifold associated with the first impeller connected via the open circuit and the Outlet of the first impeller over an open volume a liquid with the inlet of the second impeller connected is. This will be a booster module formed, which works without valves.

In connection with the embodiment of the invention and Arrangement, it is advantageous that at least one shaft directly or indirectly and / or via an electrical and / or driven by an internal combustion engine is. This makes the booster module with any one Motor can be combined. In extreme situations is also one Steam engine can be used as a motor. The required speed the pump shaft is via a simple spur gear modified between engine and pump shaft.

It is also advantageous that the inlet of at least a pump impeller hydraulically with an external pump or a pressure line is connected and the impeller via the external pump or the pressure line hydraulically driven is. This will be an alternative to the drive via a created rotating shaft. In addition to the high pressure and circulation module a third pump element is assigned to the shaft. The third pump element is connected to an existing pump circuit connect, via which the drive of the pump assembly he follows. For example, the third impeller drivable via the cooling water circuit of a marine engine.

For this purpose, it is advantageous that the deliverable volume flow of the second impeller greater than or different than the can be conveyed volume flow of the first impeller and this difference volume flow between 80 and 100% of the am Removal nozzle corresponds to removable flow. Thereby is achieved according to the invention that one over the two Pump connected filter system from a low Pressure level initially brought to a high pressure level can be, although the second pump wheel via an external Pump is driven at low pressure level. The first Pump wheel is connected via a shaft with the second pump and forms a hydraulic motor. This system allows the setting of a high pressure level without high-pressure pump.

Moreover, it is advantageous that at least one part at least a housing and / or a component of the invention Arrangement of chemically resistant material such as For example, saltwater resistant steel, saltwater resistant Bronze and / or plastic is formed. When Steel can be used for example V4A® or AISI316®.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that at least one part at least a housing and / or a component of the invention Arrangement is coated. This will achieve that the pump assembly is seawater resistant, regardless of the base material is.

For this purpose, it is advantageous that at least one part at least a housing and / or a component of the invention Arrangement for example by electrolytic oxidation, by chemical application or by electrolytic coated metal is coated. For this purpose is For example, nickel chemically applied or an electrolytic Coating of chrome, nickel, silver or gold educated.

Finally, it is advantageous that at least a part at least a housing and / or a component of the invention Arrangement with one of the tribological properties is coated with improving layer. Thereby is achieved that the friction, the wear and the Optimized lubrication and thereby energy is saved.

It is also advantageous for this that at least a part of the Cylinder space or a metallic component with chemically Nickel and coated with Teflon® is. This ensures that the housing material is aluminum can be used and the piston high pressure pump very simple for pressures up to more than 60 bar can be interpreted.

Ultimately it is an advantage that at least a part of a Plastic component galvanically and / or chemically with a coated metallic layer.

In principle, the most diverse basic materials are obtained their resistance according to the invention only by coating methods, those to the various above mentioned Coatings lead. This is the process for coating a component made of an aluminum alloy or a plastic component by chemical nickel plating with a storage of Teflon® particularly advantageous.

It is also advantageous that the system consisting of the Pump assembly according to the invention with at least one Circuit and at least one integrated in the fluid circuit Filter element is combined.

An additional possibility is according to a development, that in the circuit at least one filter element or more Filter elements are arranged in series or in parallel.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the filter element as a filter or is designed as a membrane. The membrane allows the use for reverse osmosis.

It is also advantageous that the system for reverse osmosis and can be used for water treatment. The corresponding high pressure level is due to the inventive design reached the pumps and drives.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention Solution is finally provided that the delivery rate at the sampling nozzle between 1 and 50 liters per hour, in particular between 5 and 20 liters per hour.

The invention also relates to a reverse osmosis system with at least two pumps mounted in a housing, a circuit integrated into the one of the two pumps and at least one integrated into the cycle Diaphragm, wherein a control valve is provided.

The task is solved by the fact that in addition to the Both pumps, the control valve and the membrane in one one or more parts housing are arranged.

This ensures that no hoses or pipes than Lines are to be provided, as all lines through holes and recesses are formed in the housing. The attachment This makes it extremely compact.

For this purpose, it is advantageous for the housing to be a high-pressure housing, a control housing and a filter housing, wherein in the high-pressure housing, the shaft and the high-pressure piston pump, in the control housing, the control valve and in the filter housing the membrane are arranged or stored. The Three sub-housings can be made with the help of clamps or bolts be assembled into a housing.

With regard to the reverse osmosis of salt water, it is advantageous that the housing is made of a seawater resistant Plastic or metal formed and the housing and the Shaft to a motor (13) are flanged. plastic can be mechanically very easy to handle and points in terms the required pressure a sufficiently high Elastic modulus on.

It is advantageous that the high-pressure piston pump has a cylinder and the cylinder is inserted into the housing is. The cylinder is made of a wear-resistant metal or made of ceramic. As described above, the tread be coated for the piston.

It is advantageous that the high pressure housing has a bore having the high-pressure piston pump with the centrifugal pump combines. The shorter this connection, the more efficient the system works.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the Kreiselpumpenrad on attached to the shaft and between the high pressure housing and is arranged the control housing. The actual pump housing for the centrifugal impeller is provided in the control housing.

a) einen Einlasskanal aufweist, über den das Fluid dem Kreiselpumpenrad zuführbar und der mit der Membrane verbunden ist,

b) einen Auslasskanal aufweist, über den das Fluid dem Filtergehäuse zuführbar und der mittelbar mit der Membrane verbunden ist,

c) einen Ablauf aufweist, über den das Fluid bzw. das Retentat aus dem Steuergehäuse ausführbar und der mit dem Einlasskanal verbindbar ist,

d) einen Spülkanal aufweist, über den das Fluid aus dem Steuergehäuse ausführbar und der mit dem Einlasskanal verbindbar ist

e) einen Aufnahmeflansch für die Membrane aufweist. Dadurch vereint das Steuergehäuse eine Vielzahl der notwendigen Leitungen, die zum bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch der Pumpanordnung notwendig sind in einem Bauteil.

With regard to a simple construction, it is advantageous that the control housing

a) has an inlet channel, via which the fluid can be fed to the centrifugal impeller and which is connected to the membrane,

b) has an outlet channel, via which the fluid can be fed to the filter housing and which is connected indirectly to the membrane,

c) has an outlet, via which the fluid or the retentate can be carried out from the control housing and which can be connected to the inlet channel,

d) has a flushing passage through which the fluid from the control housing executable and which is connectable to the inlet channel

e) has a receiving flange for the membrane. As a result, the control housing combines a plurality of the necessary lines, which are necessary for the intended use of the pumping arrangement in one component.

For this purpose, it is advantageous that a flushing line to the flushing channel connects and the flushing line with the flushing channel a rinsing container connects. This embodiment is simplified Care of the membrane, which is rinsed after use should be.

a) zumindest teilweise koaxial zur Membrane angeordnet ist,

b) einen Hauptkanal aufweist, der den Auslasskanal mit der Membrane verbindet,

c) einen Aufnahmeflansch für die Membrane aufweist,

d) und einen Entnahmekanal aufweist über den gefiltertes Fluid bzw. Permeat aus dem Filtergehäuse ausführbar ist. Das Filtergehäuse schließt somit den Kreislauf zur Membrane und bildet einen Teil des Gehäuses. Zwischen dem Filtergehäuse und dem Hochdruckgehäuse wird das Steuergehäuse aufgenommen.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the diaphragm is cylindrical and the filter housing

a) is arranged at least partially coaxial with the membrane,

b) has a main channel which connects the outlet channel with the membrane,

c) has a receiving flange for the membrane,

d) and a removal channel has over the filtered fluid or permeate from the filter housing executable. The filter housing thus closes the circuit to the diaphragm and forms part of the housing. Between the filter housing and the high-pressure housing, the control housing is received.

a) der Membrankanal mit dem Einlasskanal verbunden ist,

b) der Membrankanal mit dem Ablauf verbunden ist,

c) der Spülkanal mit dem Einlasskanal verbunden ist und

d) der Einlasskanal über einen Überdruckkanal mit dem Ablauf verbunden ist. Dadurch wird ein sehr einfaches und kompaktes Steuerelement gebildet, dass alle für den konventionellen Betrieb und für das Spülen notwendigen Steuerungen erlaubt.

It is advantageous that the control housing has at least five holes, each forming a channel, wherein

a) the membrane channel is connected to the inlet channel,

b) the membrane channel is connected to the drain,

c) the flushing channel is connected to the inlet channel and

d) the inlet channel is connected via an overpressure channel to the drain. This creates a very simple and compact control that allows all controls necessary for conventional operation and flushing.

In addition, it is advantageous that in the control housing a Control valve is provided that in a first position closes the drain opposite the flushing channel and in one second position the membrane channel opposite the inlet channel closes. In the first position, the control housing only be flowed through in a channel. In the second Position, however, in two channels.

It is advantageous that in the control housing, a pressure relief valve Proceed is over which the overpressure channel controlled closed is. The pressure relief valve is electromagnetic or manually controllable.

a) das Fluid angesaugt und über mechanische Vorfilter gefiltert wird,

b) das Fluid über eine Hochdruckpumpe einem Fluidkreislauf zugeführt wird,

c) der Fluidkreislauf mit Hilfe einer Pumpe umgewälzt wird,

d) zu Beginn des Verfahrens das Permeat in einem Spülbehälter gesammelt wird und

e) zum Abschluss des Verfahrens die Membrane mit Hilfe des im Spülbehälter befindlichen Permeats gespült wird.

With this device, a method can be operated in which

a) the fluid is sucked in and filtered by mechanical pre-filters,

b) the fluid is fed via a high-pressure pump to a fluid circuit,

c) the fluid circuit is circulated by means of a pump,

d) at the beginning of the process the permeate is collected in a rinsing tank and

e) to complete the process, the membrane is rinsed with the help of permeate contained in the washing.

For this purpose, it is advantageous that the permeate from the Suction container sucked through the flushing channel and over the Inlet of the membrane supplied and then from Membrane via a membrane channel and an outlet are removed becomes. The permeate flows through the membrane in the The permeate flows through the membrane in the same Direction as in winning drinking water.

Figur 1

eine schematische Schnittansicht einer Pumpenanordnung bestehend aus einer Hochdruck-Kolbenpumpe und einer Umwälz-Kreiselpumpe;

Figur 2

eine schematische Schnittansicht einer Pumpenanordnung bestehend aus einer HochdruckFlügelzellenpumpe und einer Umwälz-Kreiselpumpe;

Figur 3

eine schematische Schnittansicht einer Pumpenanordnung bestehend aus einer Hochdruck-Kolbenpumpe, einer Kolbenpumpe als Hydromotor und einer Umwälz-Kreiselpumpe;

Figur 4

eine schematische Schnittansicht einer Pumpenanordnung bestehend aus einer Hochdruck-Flügelzellenpumpe, einer Flügelzellenpumpe als Hydromotor und einer Umwälz-Kreiselpumpe;

Figur 5

ein Druckerhöhungsmodul mit zwei Flügelzellenpumpen und einer Schnittführung A-A';

Figur 6

eine Schnittansicht der Flügelzellenpumpe gemäß Figur 5;

Figur 7

ein Druckerhöhungsmodul mit eigenem Antrieb;

Figur 8

einen geschlossenen Kreislauf ohne Energierückgewinnung;

Figur 9

einen geschlossenen Kreislauf mit Energierückgewinnung;

Figur 10

einen offenen Kreislauf mit eigenem Antrieb;

Figur 11

einen offenen Kreislauf mit einem Antrieb über Fremddruck;

Figur 12

einen Querschnitt eines Gesamtsystems mit einem dreiteiligen Gehäuse;

Figur 13

einen Querschnitt eines Steuergehäuses;

Figur 14

einen gegenüber Fig. 13 um 90° gedrehten Querschnitt des Steuergehäuses.

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in the patent claims and in the description and illustrated in the figures. It shows:

FIG. 1

a schematic sectional view of a pump assembly consisting of a high-pressure piston pump and a circulating centrifugal pump;

FIG. 2

a schematic sectional view of a pump assembly consisting of a high pressure paddle pump and a circulating centrifugal pump;

FIG. 3

a schematic sectional view of a pump assembly consisting of a high-pressure piston pump, a piston pump as a hydraulic motor and a circulating centrifugal pump;

FIG. 4

a schematic sectional view of a pump assembly consisting of a high-pressure vane pump, a vane pump as a hydraulic motor and a circulating centrifugal pump;

FIG. 5

a pressure increase module with two vane pumps and a cutting guide A-A ';

FIG. 6

a sectional view of the vane pump according to Figure 5;

FIG. 7

a pressure booster module with its own drive;

FIG. 8

a closed cycle without energy recovery;

FIG. 9

a closed cycle with energy recovery;

FIG. 10

an open circuit with its own drive;

FIG. 11

an open circuit with a drive via external pressure;

FIG. 12

a cross-section of an overall system with a three-part housing;

FIG. 13

a cross section of a control housing;

FIG. 14

a comparison with FIG. 13 rotated by 90 ° cross-section of the control housing.

FIGS. 1 to 7 show different variants of Pump assemblies 3 according to the invention shown for the principles of action shown in Figures 8 to 11 can be used.

The principles of action are in the manner of a circuit 1, namely in closed circuits 1 according to the figures 8 and 9 and in open circuits 1 according to FIGS. 10 and 11 to distinguish. In the closed circuits 1 is a filter element 12 integrated into a circuit 1, which is circulated via a first impeller 6. The first Impeller 6 is as a centrifugal or vane pump educated. The liquid medium in this cycle 1 depends on the type of medium under a pressure of 5 bis 100 bar. The medium is relative to a preferred embodiment Brackish water or sea or salt water. The pressure of 5 to 100 bar is replaced by a second Pump wheel 7 generated.

The circuit 1 is steadily via a feed 1.1 a volume flow of brackish or sea water from an open volume 15 supplied via the second impeller 7. The same Volume flow is in the sum of a run 1.2 and taken from a sampling port 1.3 of the circuit 1. For this is via the sampling port 1.3 to the filter element 12 pure water and at the expiry 1.2 retentate or concentrated brackish or seawater taken.

At the sampling port 1.3 is an overcurrent or pressure relief valve 1.4 provided. The second impeller 7 is for generation high pressure level as a vane pump or designed as a piston pump. Both are according to the invention Pump wheels 6, 7 connected via a shaft 5 and are over the shaft 5 is driven by a motor 13.

The illustration according to FIG. 9 shows, in addition to the above described structure a way of energy recovery. For this purpose, the pressure energy of the extracted 1.2 at the outlet Retentats via a third impeller 14 the drive train fed. In the impeller 14, the retentate from the high pressure level to ambient pressure.

According to FIGS. 10 and 11, an open circuit is 1 shown. In open circuit 1 is the filter element 12 input and output side each via a first Impeller 6 and a second impeller 7 with an open Volume 15 connected. The open circuit 1 is opposite the closed only at the withdrawal port 1.3 in the flow direction behind the filter element 12 pure water taken. The introduced via the inlet 1.1 volume flow on brackish or sea water is thus up on the Pure water volume flow through the outlet 1.2 back to the open Volume 15 supplied.

According to the embodiment of Figure 10, the two Pump wheels 6, 7 via a shaft 5 and at the Shaft 5 arranged motor 13 driven. By the invention Connection of the two pump wheels 6, 7 via a Wave 5 is the energy recovery of the high pressure level guaranteed. Apart from the flow and friction losses is in this arrangement, only the amount of energy to raise, by the removal of pure water at Suction nozzle 1.3 is lost.

The embodiment according to FIG. 11 shows a drive by external pressure. The pump assembly 3 is connected according to the invention to any external pump 16 with motor 13. The low pressure level of the external pump 16 according to the invention at least sufficient to overcome friction and flow losses in the system. The high pressure level required in the system is created by the working as a hydraulic motor and connected via the shaft 5 to the second pump 7 first pump 6. The high pressure level created by the different delivery volumes at the same speed of the two pumps 6, 7. According to the invention that Volume flow of the pump 7 and the second pump 7 corresponds to the flow rate of the external pump 16. The volume flow of the external pump 16, in turn, corresponds to the sum of the volume flow of the pump 6 or of the first pumping wheel and the volume flow at the withdrawal port 1.3. This ensures that the pressure in the system increases, as long as the sampling port 1.3 is closed. The volume flows can be represented as follows: V 7 = V 16 = (V 6 + V 1.3 )

In the volumetric flow balance, the volume is taken from or filtered dirt particles as well as losses due to leaks to take into account.

A first embodiment of a pump arrangement according to the invention 3 is shown in FIG. In a pump housing 4, a shaft 5 is mounted about an axis of rotation 5.1, the first impeller 6 and a drive 8 for a Piston 9a receives. The first impeller 6 is considered to be radial compacting centrifugal impeller formed. The piston 9a forms a piston high pressure pump. 9

This pump assembly 3 is for a closed circuit 1 is provided, which receives a filter element 12 and is circulated by the centrifugal pump 6, see Figure 8-11. In a closed circuit 1 is within the meaning of the invention the direct connection of an input of the filter element 12 via the first impeller 6 with an output of To understand filter element 12. From the closed Circuit 1 can certainly branch off further circuits or other inflows and outflows may be provided.

Via an intake 4.1 and an outlet 4.2 is the circuit 1 with the filter element 12 to the centrifugal pump 6 connected.

The pressure in the circuit 1 is up to 100 bar and is generated by the piston high-pressure pump 9. This is becoming filtering or through the reverse osmosis process to be cleaned salt or brackish water a cylinder chamber 10th the piston high-pressure pump 9 is supplied via an inlet 10.1. From the cylinder chamber 10, the fluid is via an outlet 10.2 and a line 10.3 fed into the circuit 1.

The piston 9a of the high pressure piston pump 9 is by means of Nock 8 driven and is by a spring element 9.1 to Cam 8 biased towards. The inlet and outlet 10.1, 10.2 is controlled by a respective valve, which by a ball is shown symbolically. When sucking fluid through the piston 9a, the outlet 10.2 is closed and the Inlet 10.1 open. During compression, the inlet becomes 10.1 closed and the outlet 10.2 open.

The oscillating feed of the fluid has according to the invention on the continuously circulated via the centrifugal pump 6 Circuit 1 has no significant influence. The amount to fluid, which is fed via the high-pressure piston pump 9 becomes, in the form of retentate and pure water the circulation 1 in the flow direction behind the filter element 12th taken again see Figure 8-9.

According to Figure 2, the high-pressure piston pump 9 by a second impeller 7 is formed. The second impeller 7 is formed as a Flügelzellenrad. This invention Embodiment of a pump assembly 3 is still simpler in construction than the one described above. Of the Inlet 10.1 and the outlet 10.2 are due to the continuous Pumping power of the Flügelzellenrads 7 not through a valve closed. Both the high pressure stream as well the recirculation flow will be continuous without appreciable impulse fluctuations promoted. The pulse fluctuations due the drive of the shaft 5 are, depending on the embodiment if necessary to balance by a flywheel or similar measures. The rest of the construction corresponds to that of the pump arrangement 3 according to FIG. 1

The embodiment according to FIG. 3 has opposite to FIG 1 shows a module for energy recovery according to FIG 9 on. For this purpose, in the circuit 1, an inlet 10.1 for the retentate provided via a second piston 9b is relaxed and discharged through an outlet 14.2. Of the Inlet 14.1 branches in the flow direction in front of the first impeller 6 off. For this purpose, a spool 17 is provided, depending on the position of the second piston 9b the inlet 14.1 or the outlet 14.2 releases. Through the module for energy recovery, the high pressure level of the retentate used. The other structure corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 1

The pump arrangement 3 according to FIG Pump assembly 3 of Figure 2 also a module for Recovery of the pressure energy of the retentate. In this Embodiment is the module or the third Impeller 14 is formed as Flügelzellenrad. The third Impeller 14 for energy recovery is much easier constructed as the arrangement of the second piston 9b with the spool 17. The other structure of the pump assembly 3 corresponds to that in Figure 2 and with respect to the inlet 14.1 and the outlet 14.2 that of Figure 3.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show pressure-increasing modules, as in open circuits according to the figures 10 and 11 are used. The inventive feature, that two rotating pumping elements arranged on a shaft 5 are preserved. The pressure booster module is used mainly the recovery of the high pressure level.

According to FIG. 5, the flow of force through the fluid takes place via the inlet opening 4.1 on the first impeller 6. From there via the shaft 5 to the second impeller 7 and back on the fluid, which via the outlet 10.2 the circuit 1 s. figure 10 and 11 closes.

The first impeller 6 and the second impeller 7 are as Vane pump wheels formed. The first impeller 6 does not serve as in the embodiments according to the figures 1 to 4 as a circulation pump, but as a module for energy recovery.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a vane pump shown.

FIG. 7 shows a pressure increase module according to the figures 5 and 6. However, the pressure booster module is equipped with a external motor driven. This can be used as a pump or formed based on any other principle be.

In principle, the mass flows and their different Press to feed into circuit 1 and in Circuit 1 through the dimensioning of the individual pump elements to coordinate with each other. The invention thereby fixed parameters is an equal number of revolutions for all Pumping organs due to a shaft 5, the different Delivery volumes of the pumping organs the pressure conditions determine.

Also pumps with the same volume flow or the same Volume per speed are for generating a high Pressure levels used, the different delivery volumes when using a two-part shaft 5 through different speeds are generated.

FIGS. 12 to 14 show a solution for the entire osmosis plant, as for example for the production of drinking water Groundwater or brackish water in third world countries or for the treatment of seawater on pleasure boats and yachts is used.

The housing 2 shown in Fig. 12 made of plastic formed of three sub-housings arranged side by side are. To the high pressure housing 2.1 includes the control housing 2.2 and the filter housing 2.3. The high pressure housing 2.1 takes the high-pressure piston pump 9 and is flanged together with the shaft 5 to a motor 13. On the opposite side of the engine 13 of the High-pressure housing 2.1 is the centrifugal impeller 6 of the centrifugal pump attached to the shaft 5. The membrane 12 is via a mounting flange 2.8 in the control housing 2.2 and a Mounting flange 2.9 fixed in the filter housing 2.3.

The brackish or seawater to be treated is supplied via the inlet 1.1 and the mechanical pre-filter 11 of the high-pressure piston pump 9 supplied. With the help of the piston 9a, the in a cylinder 9.2 is made of metal, the fluid via a hole 10.3 in the high-pressure housing 2.1 in the housing promoted the centrifugal pump 6, the same time Control housing 2.2 forms.

In the control housing 2.2 is using the centrifugal pump 6 a Circulation 1 circulated, which is necessary for the osmosis has high pressure level. The high pressure level is through the piston high-pressure pump 9 is shown. The fluid is starting from the inlet channel 2.2a together with the fluid from the High-pressure piston pump 9 through the centrifugal pump 6 in the outlet channel 2.2b promoted.

From the outlet channel 2.2b, the fluid flows into the main channel 2.10 of the filter housing 2.3, attached to the control housing 2.2 connects. From the main channel 2.10 from the fluid flows into the membrane 12. The filtered through the membrane 12 Fluid is called permeate and flows out of the membrane 12 via a removal channel 1.3 from the housing. 2 For this purpose, the membrane 12 in the receiving flange 2.9 in the filter housing 2.3 stored, the corresponding hole having.

The circulating and unfiltered fluid Increases concentration in this process can via a trained as a channel expiry 1.2 in the control box 2.2 are derived from the housing 2. For this is the procedure 1.2 via a pressure relief valve with a membrane channel 2.2c connected, the circuit 1 to inlet channel 2.2a closes.

So that the membrane 12 can be rinsed after use, is below the housing 2 and der Membrane 12 a Spülbehälter 18 arranged and the inlet channel 2.2 a via a Flushing 2.4 and a purge line 2.5 with the volume of Rinse tank 18 connected. The rinse tank 18 is at the beginning the osmosis process on the filter housing 2.3 with Permeate filled. The rinsing process makes this possible in the rinsing container 18 available permeate instead of highly concentrated Fluids or retentate in the circuit 1 through the membrane To pump 12 and then derive from the housing 2.

The illustrated in Fig. 12 control housing 2.2 and in Figs. 13 and 14 shown control housing are 2.2 not identical. Both have a control valve 2.6, the in the illustrated positions with the membrane channel 2.2c connects to the inlet channel 2.2a. In this position of the Control valve 2.6, it is possible to remove the retentate, is opened in the pressure relief valve 2.7.

For the necessary for flushing position of the control valve 2.6 this is moved up until the connection between membrane channel 2.2c and inlet channel 2.2a closed is. In this position, the inlet channel 2.2a with the flushing channel 2.4 and the membrane channel 2.2c with the sequence 1.2 connected. The permeate for rinsing the membrane 12th is pumped into the membrane 12 via the inlet channel 2.2a and after the membrane 12 via the membrane channel 2.2c in the Process 1.2 conducted and discharged.

Fig. 13 shows a cross section of the control housing 2.2 according to Fig. 14. The operation and the geometry is essential to the invention and in FIGS. 13 and 14 for the Professional presented sufficiently extensive. The advantageous ones Dimensions, ratios and sealing measures serve at the same time to explain the operation.

Claims (25)

Pump arrangement (3) for a reverse osmosis system with a pump housing (4) and with an inlet pipe (4.1) and outlet pipe (4.2) provided on the pump housing (4),
characterized in that the pump arrangement (3) has a shaft (5), wherein on a first part of the shaft (5) a first impeller (6) and on a second part of the shaft (5) a drive (8) for a high-pressure piston pump (9) is arranged. Reverse osmosis system with at least two in a housing (2) arranged pumps (6, 9), a circuit (1) into which one of the two pumps (6) and at least one membrane (12) are integrated, wherein a control valve (2.6) is provided .
characterized in that in addition to the two pumps (6, 9), the control valve (2.6) and the diaphragm (12) are arranged in a one- or multi-part housing (2). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the pump arrangement (3) forms a system with at least one closed and one open circuit (1). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the intake manifold (4.1) and the outlet port (4.2) are associated with the first impeller (6) and the first impeller (6) includes a circuit (1). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-pressure piston pump (9) is associated with an inlet (10.1) and an outlet (10.2), wherein the outlet (10.2) via a line (10.3) with the circuit (1) in Connection stands. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first impeller (6) is designed as a rotating hydrodynamic or hydrostatic pump such as a centrifugal pump, impeller pump or vane pump. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-pressure piston pump (9) is designed as an oscillating hydrostatic displacement pump such as a piston pump or a piston-hydraulic diaphragm pump. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft (5) is at least integrally formed with the first impeller (6) and the drive (8) in the pump housing (4) is mounted, wherein the pump housing (4) in one piece , screwed or cast is formed. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft (5) is formed at least in two parts and the first part of the shaft (5) with the first impeller (6) in a first housing body and the second part of the shaft (5). with the drive (8) is mounted in a second housing body structurally separate from the first housing body. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (9a) associated with the drive (8) on the second part of the shaft (5) is mounted in a cylinder space (10) in the pump housing (4) or in the second housing body and the cylinder space (10) is associated with the inlet (10.1) and the outlet (10.2), wherein the outlet (10.2) via a line (10.3) with the circuit (1) is in communication. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circuit (1) is associated directly or indirectly with an inlet (1.1), a drain (1.2) and a withdrawal nozzle (1.3). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft (5) has a further impeller (14) or a second piston (9b) and the impeller (14) or the second piston (9b) an inlet (14.1) and a Outlet (14.2) is assigned to the pump housing (4) or the housing body, wherein the outlet (1.2) of the circuit (1) with the inlet (14.1) is connected and / or the impeller (14) or the second piston (9b) as Hydromotor is used. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the housing (2) has a high pressure housing (2.1), a control housing (2.2) and a filter housing (2.3), wherein in the high pressure housing (2.1) the shaft (5) and the high pressure piston pump (9), in the control housing (2.2 ) the control valve (2.6) and in the filter housing (2.3) the membrane (12) are arranged or mounted. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) formed from a seawater-resistant plastic or metal and the housing (2) and the shaft (5) to a motor (13) are flanged. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-pressure piston pump (9) has a cylinder (9.2) and the cylinder (9.2) is inserted into the housing (2). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-pressure housing (2.1) has a bore (10.3) which connects the high-pressure piston pump (9) with the centrifugal pump (6). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Kreiselpumpenrad (6) mounted on the shaft (5) and between the high-pressure housing (2.1) and the control housing (2.2) is arranged. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control housing (2.2) a) has an inlet channel (2.2a), via which the fluid can be fed to the centrifugal impeller (6) and which is connected to the membrane (12), b) has an outlet channel (2.2b), via which the fluid can be fed to the filter housing (2.3) and which is connected indirectly to the membrane (12), c) has an outlet (1.2), via which the fluid or the retentate can be carried out from the control housing (2.2) and which can be connected to the inlet channel (2.2a), d) has a flushing channel (2.4) through which the fluid from the control housing (2.2) executable and which is connectable to the inlet channel (2.2a) e) has a receiving flange (2.8) for the membrane (12). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flushing channel (2.4) is followed by a flushing line (2.5) and the flushing line (2.5) connects the flushing channel (2.4) with a flushing container (18). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane (12) is cylindrical and the filter housing (2.3) a) is arranged at least partially coaxially with the membrane (12), b) has a main channel (2.10) connecting the outlet channel (2.2b) with the membrane (12), c) has a receiving flange (2.9) for the membrane (12), d) and a removal channel (1.3) via the filtered fluid or permeate from the filter housing (2.3) is executable. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control housing (2.2) at least five holes (1.2, 2.2a, 2.2c, 2.2d, 2.4), each forming a channel, wherein a) the membrane channel (2.2c) is connected to the inlet channel (2.2a), b) the membrane channel (2.2c) is connected to the outlet (1.2), c) the flushing channel (2.4) is connected to the inlet channel (2.2a) and d) the inlet channel (2.2a) is connected via an overpressure channel (2.2d) to the outlet (1.2). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the control housing (2.2) a control valve (2.6) is provided that in a first position the outlet (1.2) opposite the flushing channel (2.4) closes and in a second position the membrane channel ( 2.2c) with respect to the inlet channel (2.2a) closes. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pressure relief valve (2.7) is provided, via which the overpressure channel (2.2d) can be closed in a controlled manner. Process for the treatment of fluid by means of a device according to one of the preceding claims, in which a) sucking in fluid and filtering it via mechanical prefilters (11), b) the fluid is fed via a high-pressure pump (9) to a fluid circuit (1), c) the fluid circuit (1) is circulated by means of a pump (6),
characterized in that d) at the beginning of the process, the permeate is collected in a rinsing tank (18) and e) to complete the process, the membrane (12) is rinsed with the aid of permeate located in the rinsing tank (18). Method according to claim 24,
characterized in that the permeate from the washing container (18) sucked through the flushing channel (2.4) and fed via the inlet channel (2.2a) of the membrane (12) and then from the membrane (12) via the membrane channel (2.2c) and the Drain (1.2) is discharged.

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