EP1535292A1 - Contact piece made of tungsten provided with a corrosion-resistant layer made of a base metal - Google Patents

Contact piece made of tungsten provided with a corrosion-resistant layer made of a base metal

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Publication number
EP1535292A1
EP1535292A1 EP04728163A EP04728163A EP1535292A1 EP 1535292 A1 EP1535292 A1 EP 1535292A1 EP 04728163 A EP04728163 A EP 04728163A EP 04728163 A EP04728163 A EP 04728163A EP 1535292 A1 EP1535292 A1 EP 1535292A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tungsten
contact piece
layer
contact
corrosion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04728163A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1535292B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Renner
Udo Siefken
Martin Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renner Louis GmbH
FER Fahrzeugelektrik GmbH
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Renner Louis GmbH
FER Fahrzeugelektrik GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Renner Louis GmbH, FER Fahrzeugelektrik GmbH filed Critical Renner Louis GmbH
Priority to PL04728163T priority Critical patent/PL1535292T3/en
Publication of EP1535292A1 publication Critical patent/EP1535292A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1535292B1 publication Critical patent/EP1535292B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49105—Switch making

Definitions

  • Tungsten as a contact support in electromechanical switchgear is the metal of choice for all its high-melting-point metals due to its extraordinary resistance to erosion when it comes to fast switching sequences combined with considerable sparking.
  • the contact piece is usually soldered as a rivet with a tungsten disk as a contact support on a rivet-shaped carrier made of soft iron or copper (see Fig.1).
  • Tungsten is not a precious metal. When switching in air, oxide layers are to be expected. Corrosion phenomena on tungsten contact pieces have been known as a problem for over 50 years and, under unfavorable switching conditions, impair the universal field of application of tungsten as a contact material. In dry air, even in a hot environment (desert climate), the tungsten contact remains unaffected and fully functional for a long time. But if moisture is added (tropical climate), rapid corrosion of the unprotected tungsten occurs.
  • Keil, A . Meyer
  • C.L Corrosion phenomena at breaker contacts. Electropost 7 (1954) 93-95.
  • Tungsten contact pairings are more prone to failure in hot and humid climates. This can be observed in a statistically conspicuous manner with horn contacts, for example, if a certain number of cars is produced on stockpile before the start of sales of a new vehicle type, there may be months under warm and humid conditions before they arrive via the dealer for delivery.
  • a method well known to those skilled in the art is the coating of the complete Kunststoffnietes before installation in the switching device with a thin nickel layer. Due to the passivation of the nickel, the contact with the undamaged nickel layer remains uncoated for a long time and remains free of corrosion layers. However, the Ni-layer is partially destroyed by the necessary honking of the new horn at the switching surface at the horn manufacturer. The protective effect of the Ni layer is greatly reduced. In the field trial a positive effect of a nickel plating is no longer clear to prove. Another way is via the carburization of the tungsten switching surface. It forms a tungsten carbide-containing, some microns thick hard layer. Undoubtedly, such a hard layer exhibits improved corrosion resistance.
  • Japanese Patent Publication 20128/1974 discloses the use of graphite powder as a carburizing agent.
  • German Offenlegungsschrift 3232097 A1 discloses the use of propane as a carburizing agent in a protective gas furnace. An impairment of the solder side of the tungsten contact pad by simultaneous unwanted carburizing and impairment of OfenMapleiter is not excluded.
  • the invention is thus based on the object of developing a contact piece consisting of a tungsten pad soldered to a metallic carrier with Cu or Ag brazing alloy which exhibits no impairment of the switching properties under corrosive conditions, especially under the influence of a moist, warm climate.
  • This object has been achieved on the basis of the surprising finding that the corrosion resistance of the tungsten coating can be considerably improved by covering the solder layer and the carrier with a thin base metal layer.
  • the invention thus relates to a contact piece with Wolf ramauf läge (1), which is coated on solder (2) and support (3) with a thin layer (4) of a base metal.
  • Preferred embodiments of the rivet are the subject matter of claims 2 to 5.
  • a method for producing the contact piece is described in claims 6 to 9.
  • Suitable base metals in accordance with the invention are those metals which, under operating conditions in the electrochemical series, are more negative than tungsten.
  • Preferred examples are tin, zinc, magnesium and aluminum, with tin (Sn) being particularly preferred.
  • Tin is only slightly different in the voltage series to tungsten.
  • tin has proven to be particularly suitable in practice. It should be emphasized in a galvanic deposition of S ⁇ that this is a very cost-effective process with an aesthetically pleasing result.
  • An advantage of the inventive solution is that in the switching contact the burning material tungsten is free of any protective / foreign layer and thus it can not be destroyed by sparking can be expected with other disturbing influences during switching.
  • the effect of the non-noble metal layer does not happen through a physical coverage of the tungsten to be protected, but solely by electrochemical means.
  • more noble elements such as copper (as a Cu solder) or Ag (as an electrolytic covering) form a local element with W
  • the tungsten of the W contact layer preferably goes into solution as a so-called sacrificial anode.
  • Ag as a protective layer is counterproductive and copper as an adjacent solder layer is even conducive to corrosion. The same is to be assumed for the potential shift that is cathodic, that is, more noble behaving Ni.
  • a contact piece for use as a horn and relay contact, consisting of a tungsten contact support (1), soldered with Cu or Ag brazing alloy (2) on a metallic support (3), according to the invention covered with a non-noble metal layer ( 4).
  • Fig. 3 A contact pad of W of a rivet, according to the prior art as a reference before the corrosion test.
  • Fig. 4 a contact pad of W of a rivet according to the prior art after the corrosion test.
  • FIGS. 2 and 4 The result after 48h is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4.
  • the galvanically treated rivets show in comparison to the non-corroded standard ( Figure 3) only slight tarnish on the contact surface.
  • the W surface is covered with thick greenish-brown crusts, which extend from the circumference on the Cu solder into the tungsten surface, partly up to the middle. These crusts are believed to be inorganic salts of copper and tungsten. If these are between the closed contacts of a horn, this leads to an increase of the contact resistance and consequently to the failure of the horn.
  • Example 1 Instead of Sn, Zn is used as an additional galvanic layer.
  • the comparison against an untreated standard is similar to that of Example 1.
  • the disadvantage here is a bluish tarnishing of the galvanized carrier after corrosion. The rivets are unsightly.

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  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Details Of Resistors (AREA)
  • Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A contact piece is formed by a tungsten overlay soldered onto a support, wherein at least portions of the solder layer and optionally of the support are covered by a layer of a less noble metal than tungsten. The corrosion resistance of the tungsten overlay is considerably improved.

Description

Kontaktstüc aus Wolfram mit einer k^rrosionshemmenden Schicht aus Une elsnetallContact piece of tungsten with an anti-corrosion layer of Une elsnetall
Wolfram als Kontaktauflage in elektromechanischen Schaltgeräten ist aufgrund seiner außerordentlichen Abbrandfestigkeit von allen hochschmelzenden Metallen das Metall der Wahl, wenn es um schnelle Schaltfolgen verbunden mit erheblicher Funkenbildung geht. Mit der Einschränkung einer ausreichend hohen Kontaktkraft und einer Mindestschaltspannung können Wolframkontaktstücke in den verschiedensten Schaltgeräten, wie Kfz-Unterbrecher, Kfz-Hupen und Relais störungsfrei eingesetzt werden. Das Kontaktstück ist in der Regel als Niet mit einer Wolframscheibe als Kontaktauflage gelötet auf einem nietförmigen Träger aus Weicheisen oder Kupfer gefertigt (vgl. Fig.1).Tungsten as a contact support in electromechanical switchgear is the metal of choice for all its high-melting-point metals due to its extraordinary resistance to erosion when it comes to fast switching sequences combined with considerable sparking. With the restriction of a sufficiently high contact force and a minimum switching voltage tungsten contact pieces in a variety of switching devices, such as vehicle breakers, car horns and relays can be used trouble-free. The contact piece is usually soldered as a rivet with a tungsten disk as a contact support on a rivet-shaped carrier made of soft iron or copper (see Fig.1).
Wolfram ist jedoch kein Edelmetall. Beim Schalten unter Luft ist mit oxidischen Deckschichten zu rechnen. Korrosionserscheinungen an Wolframkontaktstücken sind seit über 50 Jahren als Problem bekannt und beeinträchtigen unter ungünstigen Schaltbedingungen den universellen Anwendungsbereich von Wolfram als Kontaktwerkstoff. Bei trockener Luft, auch in heißer Umgebung (Wüstenklima) bleibt der Wolframkontakt über lange Zeit unbeeinträchtigt und voll funktionsfähig. Tritt aber Feuchtigkeit hinzu (tropisches Klima), erfolgt rasche Korrosion des ungeschützten Wolframs.Tungsten is not a precious metal. When switching in air, oxide layers are to be expected. Corrosion phenomena on tungsten contact pieces have been known as a problem for over 50 years and, under unfavorable switching conditions, impair the universal field of application of tungsten as a contact material. In dry air, even in a hot environment (desert climate), the tungsten contact remains unaffected and fully functional for a long time. But if moisture is added (tropical climate), rapid corrosion of the unprotected tungsten occurs.
Umstände und Auswirkungen der Korrosionserscheinungen sind in folgenden Veröffentlichungen beschrieben:The circumstances and effects of the corrosion phenomena are described in the following publications:
Keil, A.: Eine spezifische Korrosionserscheinung an Wolfram- Kontakten.Wedge, A .: A specific corrosion on tungsten contacts.
Werkstoffe und Korrosion 7 (1952) 263 - 265.Materials and Corrosion 7 (1952) 263 - 265.
Keil, A.: Meyer, C.L: Korrosionserscheinungen an Unterbrecherkontakten. Elektropost 7 (1954) 93-95.Keil, A .: Meyer, C.L: Corrosion phenomena at breaker contacts. Electropost 7 (1954) 93-95.
Vinaricky.E et al.: Elektrische Kontakte, Werkstoffe und Anwendungen, Berlin 2002 S. 178. Die Veröffentlichungen berichten über Kontaktstörungen durch freigesetzte organische Stoffe, besonders unter tropischen Bedingungen.Vinaricky.E et al .: Electrical Contacts, Materials and Applications, Berlin 2002 p. 178. The publications report contact disturbances caused by released organic matter, especially under tropical conditions.
In neuerer Zeit sind Störungen an Fanfaren und Signalhörnern im Kfz-Zulieferbereich durch Korrosion der Kontaktstücke intensiv untersucht worden. Ähnliches gilt für elel tromechanische Relais, deren Vor- oder Hauptkontakte mit Wolfram bestückt sind.In recent times disturbances to fanfares and bugles in the automotive supply sector by corrosion of the contacts have been intensively studied. The same applies to elel tromechanical relays whose primary or main contacts are equipped with tungsten.
Wolfram-Kontaktpaarungen neigen bei feuchtwarmem Klima verstärkt zum Versagen. Zu beobachten ist dies in statistisch auffälliger Weise bei Hupenkontakten, wenn beispielsweise vor dem Verkaufsstart eines neuen Kfz-Typs eine bestimmte Anzahl an PKW auf Halde produziert wird, dort unter Umständen monatelang unter feuchtwarmen Bedingungen stehen, bevor sie über den Händler zur Auslieferung gelangen.Tungsten contact pairings are more prone to failure in hot and humid climates. This can be observed in a statistically conspicuous manner with horn contacts, for example, if a certain number of cars is produced on stockpile before the start of sales of a new vehicle type, there may be months under warm and humid conditions before they arrive via the dealer for delivery.
Fällt eine Hupe aus, zeigt sich nach dem Öffnen des reklamierten Stückes häufig eine dicke Oxidschicht aus Wolframoxid und Wolframaten an und zwischen den geschlossenen Wolfram-Kontaktstücken. Durch diese Zwischenschicht trennen sich die Kontakte, der Kontaktwiderstand wird hochohmig, die Hupe fällt aus. Zur Behebung dieses für den Kunden ärgerlichen und den Hersteller kostenintensiven Umstandes hat es nicht an Bemühungen gefehlt:If a horn fails, a thick oxide layer of tungsten oxide and tungstenates is often displayed after opening the item to be complained of and between the closed tungsten contact pieces. Through this intermediate layer, the contacts separate, the contact resistance is high impedance, the horn falls out. To remedy this annoying for the customer and the manufacturer costly circumstance, there was no lack of efforts:
Ein dem Fachmann allgemein bekanntes Verfahren ist der Überzug des kompletten Kontaktnietes vor dem Einbau in das Schaltgerät mit einer dünnen Nickelschicht. Bedingt durch die Passivierung des Nickels bleibt der unbeschaltete Kontakt bei unbeschädigter Nickelschicht lange Zeit blank und frei von Korrosionsschichten. Die Ni-Schicht wird jedoch beim Hupenhersteller durch das notwendige Anhupen der neuen Hupe an der Schaltoberfläche teilweise zerstört. Die Schutzwirkung der Ni- Schicht wird stark herabgesetzt. Im Feldversuch ist eine Positivwirkung einer Vernickelung nicht mehr klar zu beweisen. Ein weiterer Weg führt über die Aufkarburierung der Wolfram-Schaltoberfläche. Es bildet sich eine wolframcarbidhaltige, einige μm starke Hartschicht. Zweifelsohne zeigt eine solche Hartschicht eine verbesserte Korrosionsbeständigkeit.A method well known to those skilled in the art is the coating of the complete Kontaktnietes before installation in the switching device with a thin nickel layer. Due to the passivation of the nickel, the contact with the undamaged nickel layer remains uncoated for a long time and remains free of corrosion layers. However, the Ni-layer is partially destroyed by the necessary honking of the new horn at the switching surface at the horn manufacturer. The protective effect of the Ni layer is greatly reduced. In the field trial a positive effect of a nickel plating is no longer clear to prove. Another way is via the carburization of the tungsten switching surface. It forms a tungsten carbide-containing, some microns thick hard layer. Undoubtedly, such a hard layer exhibits improved corrosion resistance.
Die japanische Patentveröffentlichung 20128/1974 offenbart den Einsatz von Grafitpulver als Karburierungsmittel.Japanese Patent Publication 20128/1974 discloses the use of graphite powder as a carburizing agent.
Die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift 3232097 A1 offenbart die Verwendung von Propan als Karburierungsmittel im Schutzgasofen. Eine Beeinträchtigung der Lotseite der Wolfram-Kontaktauflage durch gleichzeitige unerwünschte Karburierung sowie eine Beeinträchtigung der Ofenheizleiter ist hierbei nicht auszuschließen.German Offenlegungsschrift 3232097 A1 discloses the use of propane as a carburizing agent in a protective gas furnace. An impairment of the solder side of the tungsten contact pad by simultaneous unwanted carburizing and impairment of Ofenheizleiter is not excluded.
Zudem wird bei beiden Verfahren durch Beschälten der Hupe die dünne Schutzschicht zerstört und das freie Wolfram ist wiederum ungeschützt der Umgebungsatmosphäre ausgesetzt.In addition, in both methods, by honing the horn, the thin protective layer is destroyed and the free tungsten is again exposed unprotected to the ambient atmosphere.
Die Herstellung solcher Schichten ist aufwendig und mit zusätzlichen Arbeitsschritten verbunden und daher zu teuer. In der Praxis konnten sich Wolfram-Kontakte mit Hartschichten nicht durchsetzen.The production of such layers is complicated and associated with additional steps and therefore too expensive. In practice, tungsten contacts with hard coatings could not prevail.
Weitere Versuche, die Korrosionsbeständigkeit von Wolfram-Kontaktnieten zu verbessern, bestanden in der Versilberung des Kontaktniets oder in der Verwendung eines hochsilberhaltigen (und damit edleren) Lotes anstelle des üblichen Kupferlotes.Other attempts to improve the corrosion resistance of tungsten contact rivets consisted of silvering the contact rivet or using a silver containing (and therefore more noble) solder instead of the usual copper solder.
Auch diese Verfahren kamen nur sporadisch zum Einsatz und brachten keine durchgreifende Verbesserung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit.These methods were also used only sporadically and brought no radical improvement in corrosion resistance.
Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein aus einer mit Cu- oder Ag- Hartlot auf einen metallischen Träger gelöteten Wolframauflage bestehendes Kontaktstück zu entwickeln, das unter korrosiven Bedingungen, besonders unter der Einwirkung eines feuchtwarmen Klimas keine Beeinträchtigung der Schalteigenschaften zeigt. Diese Aufgabe wurde aufgrund des überraschenden Befundes gelöst, dass durch die Abdeckung der Lotschicht und des Trägers mit einer dünnen Unedelmetallschicht die Korrosionsbeständigkeit der Wolframauflage erheblich verbessert werden kann.The invention is thus based on the object of developing a contact piece consisting of a tungsten pad soldered to a metallic carrier with Cu or Ag brazing alloy which exhibits no impairment of the switching properties under corrosive conditions, especially under the influence of a moist, warm climate. This object has been achieved on the basis of the surprising finding that the corrosion resistance of the tungsten coating can be considerably improved by covering the solder layer and the carrier with a thin base metal layer.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist somit ein Kontaktstück mit Wolf ramauf läge (1), das an Lot (2) und Träger (3) mit einer dünnen Schicht (4) eines Unedelmeialls überzogen ist.The invention thus relates to a contact piece with Wolf ramauf läge (1), which is coated on solder (2) and support (3) with a thin layer (4) of a base metal.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen des Nietes sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 2 bis 5. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Kontaktstückes ist in den Ansprüchen 6 bis 9 beschrieben.Preferred embodiments of the rivet are the subject matter of claims 2 to 5. A method for producing the contact piece is described in claims 6 to 9.
Als unedle Metalle kommen erfindungsgemäß diejenigen Metalle in Betracht, die unter Betriebsbedingungen in der elektrochemischen Spannungsreihe negativer als Wolfram sind. Bevorzugte Beispiele sind Zinn, Zink, Magnesium und Aluminium, wobei Zinn (Sn) besonders bevorzugt ist. Zinn ist in der Spannungsreihe nur wenig unterschieden zu Wolfram. Zinn hat sich jedoch in der Praxis als besonders geeignet erwiesen. Hervorzuheben ist bei einer galvanischen Abscheidung von Sή, dass es sich hierbei um ein sehr kostengünstiges Verfahren mit einem ästhetisch ansprechenden Ergebnis handelt.Suitable base metals in accordance with the invention are those metals which, under operating conditions in the electrochemical series, are more negative than tungsten. Preferred examples are tin, zinc, magnesium and aluminum, with tin (Sn) being particularly preferred. Tin is only slightly different in the voltage series to tungsten. However, tin has proven to be particularly suitable in practice. It should be emphasized in a galvanic deposition of Sή that this is a very cost-effective process with an aesthetically pleasing result.
Vorteilhaft an der erfinderischen Lösung ist, dass im schaltenden Kontakt der Abbrandwerkstoff Wolfram frei von jedweder Schutz-/Fremdschicht ist und somit diese weder durch Funkenbildung zerstört werden kann noch mit anderen störenden Einflüssen beim Schalten zu rechnen ist. Die Wirkung der Unedelmetallschicht geschieht nicht über eine physische Abdeckung des zu schützenden Wolframs, sondern alleine auf elektrochemischem Wege.An advantage of the inventive solution is that in the switching contact the burning material tungsten is free of any protective / foreign layer and thus it can not be destroyed by sparking can be expected with other disturbing influences during switching. The effect of the non-noble metal layer does not happen through a physical coverage of the tungsten to be protected, but solely by electrochemical means.
Die Erfinder vermuten, dass durch Ausbildung eines Lokalelementes unter Einschluss eines Flüssigkeitsfilms auf der betroffenen Oberfläche das unedlere Metall (Sn, Zn, Mg oder AI) sich bevorzugt unter den vorliegenden Potentialverhältnissen zugunsten des edler wirkenden Wolframs auflöst. Bilden edlere Elemente, wie Kupfer (als Cu-Lot) oder Ag (als elektrolytische Abdeckung) mit W ein Lokalelement, geht bevorzugt das Wolfram der W- Kontaktauflage als sogenannte Opferanode in Lösung. Unter dem Gesichtspunkt einer Lokalelementbildung ist Ag als Schutzschicht kontraproduktiv und Kupfer als angrenzende Lotschicht der Korrosion sogar förderlich. Das gleiche ist zu vermuten für das durch Potentialverschiebung sich kathodisch, d.h edler verhaltende Ni.The inventors suspect that by forming a local element including a liquid film on the affected surface, the less noble metal (Sn, Zn, Mg or Al) dissolves preferentially under the present potential conditions in favor of the more noble acting tungsten. If more noble elements, such as copper (as a Cu solder) or Ag (as an electrolytic covering) form a local element with W, the tungsten of the W contact layer preferably goes into solution as a so-called sacrificial anode. From the viewpoint of local element formation, Ag as a protective layer is counterproductive and copper as an adjacent solder layer is even conducive to corrosion. The same is to be assumed for the potential shift that is cathodic, that is, more noble behaving Ni.
In der beiliegenden Zeichnung zeigen:In the attached drawing show:
Fig. 1 : ein Kontaktstück (schematisch) zur Verwendung als Hupen- und Relaiskontakt, bestehend aus einer Wolframkontaktauflage (1), gelötet mit Cu- oder Ag-Hartlot (2) auf einen metallischen Träger (3), erfindungsgemäß abgedeckt mit einer Unedelmetallschicht (4).1: a contact piece (schematic) for use as a horn and relay contact, consisting of a tungsten contact support (1), soldered with Cu or Ag brazing alloy (2) on a metallic support (3), according to the invention covered with a non-noble metal layer ( 4).
Fig.2: eine Kontaktauflage aus W auf Nietsockel, galvanisch geschützt mit 0,5 - 1 μm Sn-Schicht nach dem Korrosionstest.2: a contact pad of W on rivet base, galvanically protected with 0.5 - 1 micron Sn layer after the corrosion test.
Fig. 3: eine Kontaktauflage aus W eines Nietes, nach dem Stand der Technik als Referenz vor dem Korrosionstest.Fig. 3: A contact pad of W of a rivet, according to the prior art as a reference before the corrosion test.
Fig. 4: eine Kontaktauflage aus W eines Nietes nach dem Stand der Technik nach dem Korrosionstest.Fig. 4: a contact pad of W of a rivet according to the prior art after the corrosion test.
Die folgenden, nicht einschränkenden Beispiele erläutern einige bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung:The following non-limiting examples illustrate some preferred embodiments of the invention:
Beispiel 1 :Example 1 :
Kontaktnieten mit einer Wolframauflage 0 4 mm x 0,8 mm stark, gelötet mit Cu-Lot auf vernickelten Eisenträgern werden mit einer 0,2 - 2μm starken galvanisch aufgebrachten Sn-Schicht versehen. Anschließend wird das auf der Wolframoberfläche nur lose anhaftende Zinn mechanisch durch Gleitschleifen entfernt. Die so lieferfertigen Kontaktnieten werden im Korrosionstest einem Konstantklima ausgesetzt;Contact rivets with a tungsten layer 0 4 mm x 0.8 mm thick, soldered with Cu solder on nickel-plated iron carriers are provided with a 0.2 - 2 μm thick galvanically applied Sn layer. Subsequently, the tin which is only loosely adhering to the tungsten surface is mechanically removed by vibratory grinding. The contact rivets so supplied are exposed to a constant climate in the corrosion test;
48h bei 96% rel. Luftfeuchte und 50°C. Dabei werden ca. 20 Stück der wie vorstehend mit einer Zinnschicht versehenen Nieten und freiliegender Wolframoberfläche auf einem Porzellanträger in einen Exsikkator eingebracht. Der Bodenraum des Exsikkators enthält eine gesättigte Kaliumsulfatlösung, über welcher sich 96% rel. Luftfeuchte einstellt. Auf einem separaten Porzellanträger werden Nieten, wie sie dem Stand der Technik entsprechen - ohne zusätzliche galvanische Unedelmetallschicht - als Referenz beigegeben. Der Exsikkator wird in einem Klimaschrank für 48h auf konstant 50°C temperiert.48h at 96% rel. Humidity and 50 ° C. About 20 pieces of the rivets and exposed tungsten surface provided with a tin layer as described above are placed on a porcelain carrier in a desiccator. Of the The bottom of the desiccator contains a saturated solution of potassium sulfate, above which 96% rel. Humidity sets. On a separate porcelain carrier rivets, as they correspond to the state of the art - added without reference additional galvanic base metal layer - as a reference. The desiccator is heated to a constant 50 ° C in a climate controlled cabinet for 48 h.
Das Ergebnis nach 48h ist in den Figuren 2 und 4 dargestellt. Die galvanisch nachbehandelten Nieten zeigen im Vergleich zum nichtkorrodierten Standard (Fig.3) nur leichte Anlauffarben auf der Kontaktoberfläche. Bei der Referenz ohne galvanische Nachbehandlung hingegen ist die W-Oberfläche mit dicken grünlichbraunen Krusten, die vom Umfang ausgehend am Cu-Lot in die Wolframoberfläche teilweise bis zur Mitte hineinreichen, bedeckt. Bei diesen Krusten handelt es sich vermutlich um anorganische Salze des Kupfers und Wolframs. Befinden sich diese zwischen den geschlossenen Kontakten einer Hupe, so führt das zur Erhöhung des Kontaktwiderstandes und folglich zum Ausfall der Hupe.The result after 48h is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. The galvanically treated rivets show in comparison to the non-corroded standard (Figure 3) only slight tarnish on the contact surface. On the other hand, in the case of the reference without galvanic aftertreatment, the W surface is covered with thick greenish-brown crusts, which extend from the circumference on the Cu solder into the tungsten surface, partly up to the middle. These crusts are believed to be inorganic salts of copper and tungsten. If these are between the closed contacts of a horn, this leads to an increase of the contact resistance and consequently to the failure of the horn.
Beispiel 2:Example 2:
Versuchsaufbau wie unter Beispiel 1. Statt Sn wird Zn als zusätzliche galvanische Schicht verwendet. Der Vergleich gegen einen unbehandelten Standard fällt ähnlich wie bei Beispiel 1 aus. Nachteilig ist hier ein bläuliches Anlaufen des verzinkten Trägers nach der Korrosion. Die Nieten werden unansehnlich.Experimental setup as in Example 1. Instead of Sn, Zn is used as an additional galvanic layer. The comparison against an untreated standard is similar to that of Example 1. The disadvantage here is a bluish tarnishing of the galvanized carrier after corrosion. The rivets are unsightly.
Ähnlich wie Sn und Zn verhalten sich die Unedelmetalle AI und Mg. Das Aufbringen der galvanischen Schichten ist bei diesen Metallen jedoch etwas schwieriger und aufwendiger. Similar to Sn and Zn, the base metals AI and Mg behave. However, the application of the electroplated layers is somewhat more difficult and expensive with these metals.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Kontaktstück, umfassend eine auf einen metallischen Träger (3), gelötete Wolf ramauf läge (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest Teile der Lotschicht (2) und gegebenenfalls des Trägers mit einer Schicht aus einem unedleren Metall (4) als Wolfram überzogen sind.1. contact piece, comprising a on a metallic support (3), soldered Wolf ramauf läge (1), characterized in that at least parts of the solder layer (2) and optionally of the carrier with a layer of a more noble metal (4) coated as tungsten are.
2. Kontaktstück nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schicht aus dem unedleren Metall 0,1 - 20 μm stark ist.2. Contact piece according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer of the less noble metal is 0.1 - 20 microns thick.
3. Kontaktstück nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schicht aus dem unedleren Metall 0,2 - 2 μm stark ist.3. Contact piece according to claim 2, characterized in that the layer of the less noble metal is 0.2 - 2 microns thick.
4. Kontaktstück nach Anspruch 1 - 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das unedlere Metall Sn, Zn, Mg oder AI ist.4. Contact piece according to claim 1 - 3, characterized in that the less noble metal is Sn, Zn, Mg or Al.
5. Kontaktstück nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das unedlere Metall Sn ist.5. Contact piece according to claim 4, characterized in that the less noble metal is Sn.
6. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kontaktstück nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf das Kontaktstück eine Schicht aus einem unedleren Metall als Wolfram aufgebracht und anschließend gegebenenfalls auf der Wolframauflage vorhandenes unedles Metall entfernt wird.6. A method for producing a contact piece according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that applied to the contact piece, a layer of a less noble metal as tungsten and then optionally on the tungsten bearing existing base metal is removed.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Aufbringen der Schicht galvanisch erfolgt.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the application of the layer takes place galvanically.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das unedle Metall selektiv auf das Lot und den metallischen Träger aufgebracht wird.8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the base metal is selectively applied to the solder and the metallic carrier.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 - 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wiederfreilegung der Wolframauflage durch Gleitschleifen ausgeführt wird. 9. The method according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that the re-exposure of the tungsten pad is carried out by vibratory grinding.
0. Verwendung des Kontaktstückes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5 als Hupenkontakt oder Relaiskontakt. 0. Use of the contact piece according to one of claims 1 - 5 as a horn contact or relay contact.
EP04728163A 2003-04-22 2004-04-19 Contact piece made of tungsten provided with a corrosion-resistant layer made of tin Expired - Lifetime EP1535292B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL04728163T PL1535292T3 (en) 2003-04-22 2004-04-19 Contact piece made of tungsten provided with a corrosion-resistant layer made of tin

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10318223 2003-04-22
DE10318223A DE10318223A1 (en) 2003-04-22 2003-04-22 Contact piece made of tungsten with a corrosion-inhibiting layer of base metal
PCT/EP2004/004153 WO2004095485A1 (en) 2003-04-22 2004-04-19 Contact piece made of tungsten provided with a corrosion-resistant layer made of a base metal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1535292A1 true EP1535292A1 (en) 2005-06-01
EP1535292B1 EP1535292B1 (en) 2005-11-30

Family

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EP04728163A Expired - Lifetime EP1535292B1 (en) 2003-04-22 2004-04-19 Contact piece made of tungsten provided with a corrosion-resistant layer made of tin

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US7339127B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1535292B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2007535092A (en)
KR (1) KR20060018215A (en)
CN (1) CN1777966A (en)
AT (1) ATE311657T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0409636A (en)
DE (2) DE10318223A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2253731T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1535292T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2004095485A1 (en)

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JP5274046B2 (en) * 2008-02-21 2013-08-28 三洋電機株式会社 Power supply for vehicle
DE102008060971B3 (en) * 2008-12-06 2010-07-08 Ami Doduco Gmbh Contact part for high voltage switch
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KR20180087661A (en) 2017-01-25 2018-08-02 삼성전자주식회사 Semiconductor device including conductive structure having nucleation structure and method of forming the same

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2253731T3 (en) 2006-06-01
DE10318223A1 (en) 2004-12-02
EP1535292B1 (en) 2005-11-30
DE502004000154D1 (en) 2006-01-05
JP2007535092A (en) 2007-11-29
BRPI0409636A (en) 2006-04-25
US7339127B2 (en) 2008-03-04
WO2004095485A1 (en) 2004-11-04
CN1777966A (en) 2006-05-24
ATE311657T1 (en) 2005-12-15
US20060278507A1 (en) 2006-12-14
PL1535292T3 (en) 2006-05-31
KR20060018215A (en) 2006-02-28

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