EP1528971B1 - Hair clippers - Google Patents

Abstract

The hair-cutting machine (10) has a handle housing an electric motor drive and a cutting head on the front end with a stationary blade (18) and an oscillating blade (20). The blades form a cutting plane (22) between them that is inclined downwards relative to the handle's longitudinal axis (24) when the handle is in the operating position, in which the oscillating blade is above the stationary blade.

Description

The invention relates to a hair clipper according to the preamble of the preamble of claim 1.

A genus forming hair clipper is for example from the DE 43 17 530 known. This is a hair clipper having a housing and a cutting head provided with a stationary toothed blade and a serrated blade reciprocating transversely of the longitudinal axis of the housing. One of the two blades is guided in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the housing back and forth adjustable. With such a hair clipper, it is possible to adjust the cut length of the hair. Here, the cutting head on a cutting plane to the longitudinal axis of the housing has a negative inclination angle above the longitudinal axis. As a result, with normal attitude of the hair clipper a substantially parallel to the scalp arrangement of the stationary blade is achieved, which has a negative effect on the cutting result.

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The best cutting results can generally be achieved with scissors, but a paper cutting requires a high level of craftsmanship with a high expenditure of time. With the paper cutting, particularly harmonious transitions in the neck and side area can be achieved. Since a paper cut consists of many individual line-shaped cuts, an optical effect is achieved, which is referred to as a soft haircut. In a haircut with a hair clipper, however, many individual, elongated, dull cut surfaces are created, creating a staircase effect that needs to be reworked time consuming with a thinning scissors to compensate for this staircase effect optically justifiable. But even with these measures, this result is far from a classic silhouette.

The invention is based on the object to provide a generic hair clipper that improves a cutting result on the head hair so that it is similar to a classic paper cutting. In addition, the hair clipper from an ergonomic point of view for the user without Another known hair clipper, however, which is intended for hair removal on a Hautstüch in preparation for a surgical procedure is the US 4,700,476 , However, it does not suggest an approach to the paper cutting or a certain positive winch setting of the cutting plane. Manipulation change and thereby can be used in the usual convenient handling.

This object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Characterized in that in the hair clipper in the position of use of the handle, the cutting plane is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the handle with a positive inclination angle (α) of 5 ° at 35 ° downwards, wherein the swingable blade is disposed above the stationary blade is The swinging blade on the shaving head of the hair clipper is set up such that the oscillating blade achieves a jarring effect at about 25 to 50 oscillations per second for continuously inserting hair into the fixed blade, thereby achieving a fine and dense thinning of hair. This vibrating effect of the swinging blade is an additional feature and important ingredient to achieve a cutting result with a hair clipper, which resembles a paper cut.

An advantage of the hair clipper according to the invention is that a haircut can be achieved by machine, which has a similar visual effect as the classic silhouette, without the risk of injury to the scalp. Another significant advantage is that a haircut with this hair clipper can be achieved in a much shorter time than a classic paper cut, resulting in economic benefits.

• Mögliches Schneiden von Kahlstellen und "Löchern" wird weitestgehend gemindert.
• Ergonomische Handhabung.
• Geringere Arbeitszeit gegenüber eines Scherenschnitts.
• Gute Sicht beim Arbeiten auf die Schneide und sichere Schneidhaltung.
• Einfaches Konturenschneiden, ohne die Haarschneidemaschine umdrehen zu müssen.

The hair clipper has the following advantages:

• Possible cutting of bald spots and "holes" is minimized as far as possible.
• Ergonomic handling.
• Less working time compared to a paper cutting.
• Good visibility when working on the cutting edge and safe cutting position.
• Easy contour cutting without having to flip the hair clipper.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the figures and will be described in more detail below.

• Fig. 1 bis 3 eine schematische Darstellung zur Verdeutlichung der Schnitttechnik des klassischen Scherenschnitts (Stand der Technik);
• Fig. 4 und 4a eine schematische Darstellung zur Verdeutlichung der Schnitttechnik eines Haarschnitts mit den bekannten Haarschneidemaschinen (Stand der Technik);
• Fig. 5 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Haarschneidemaschine;
• Fig. 6 eine Schnittansicht der Haarschneidemaschine mit Scherkopf;
• Fig. 7 eine schematische Ansicht zur Darstellung des Winkels der Schnittebene in bezug auf die Längsachse;
• Fig. 8 eine schematische Ansicht der Positionierung der Haarschneidemaschine in bezug auf die Kopfhaut;
• Fig. 9 die Führung der Haarschneidemaschine;
• Fig. 9 a das Schnittergebnis mit der besonderen Schnitttechnik;
• Fig. 10 eine schematische Darstellung des Positivwinkels der Haarschneidemaschine im Verhältnis zur Schnittfläche;
• Fig. 11 eine schematische Darstellung des Negativwinkels der Haarschneidemaschine in bezug auf die Schnittfläche;
• Fig. 12 eine schematische Darstellung eines Scherkopfes, der durch die steile Haltung der Schnittebene zur Schnittfläche das Schnittergebnis der Effilation darstellt;
• Fig. 13 eine schematische Darstellung eines Scherkopfes der durch die flache Haltung der Schnittebene zur Schnittfläche das stumpfe Ergebnis darstellt;
• Fig. 14 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Scherkopfes mit seinen Einzelteilen inkl. Motor und Antriebswelle;
• Fig. 15 eine schematische Darstellung von Antriebswelle, stationärer Klinge und schwingbarer Klinge in der Seitenansicht, und
• Fig. 16 eine Darstellung des zusammengefügten Scherblattes, in dem zu sehen ist, dass der Metallstift durch das stationäre Scherblatt geführt ist und danach in einer Ausbuchtung des schwingbaren Scherblattes ragt.

It shows:

• Fig. 1 to 3 a schematic representation to illustrate the cutting technique of classical paper cutting (prior art);
• 4 and 4a a schematic representation to illustrate the cutting technique of a haircut with the known hair clippers (prior art);
• Fig. 5 a perspective view of the hair clipper;
• Fig. 6 a sectional view of the hair clipper with shaving head;
• Fig. 7 a schematic view illustrating the angle of the cutting plane with respect to the longitudinal axis;
• Fig. 8 a schematic view of the positioning of the hair clipper with respect to the scalp;
• Fig. 9 the leadership of the hair clipper;
• Fig. 9 a the cutting result with the special cutting technique;
• Fig. 10 a schematic representation of the positive angle of the hair clipper in relation to the cutting surface;
• Fig. 11 a schematic representation of the negative angle of the hair clipper with respect to the cut surface;
• Fig. 12 a schematic representation of a shaving head, which represents the cutting result of the effilation by the steep attitude of the cutting plane to the cutting surface;
• Fig. 13 a schematic representation of a shaving head which represents the blunt result of the flat attitude of the cutting plane to the cutting surface;
• Fig. 14 a perspective view of the shaving head with its individual parts incl. Motor and drive shaft;
• Fig. 15 a schematic representation of the drive shaft, stationary blade and swingable blade in the side view, and
• Fig. 16 an illustration of the assembled shear blade, in which it can be seen that the metal pin is guided by the stationary shear blade and then protrudes in a bulge of the vibratable shear blade.

The FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrate a cutting technique with scissors 51. Fig. 1 shows that the cut with the scissors 51 hair 32 have a different length. This can be explained by the fact that in each case several hairs 32 are simultaneously cut off horizontally at one point, ie the interface 30. Since the hairs 32 above and below the interface 30 have a longer distance to the interface 30 than the hair 31 from the interface 30, the hairs 32 remain longer than the hair 31 from the interface 30. This is in the Fig. 2 clearly seen as a curved interface 33, in which the hair 32 are pulled away from the scalp 26 evenly. Due to the juxtaposition of a plurality of cuts 34 creates a soft cut surface with small gradations 35, so that the haircut can be described as soft ( Fig. 3 ).

In contrast, a haircut produced with the hair clipper after the DE4317530 a blunt section. Since the hair 32 is detected by a stationary blade 18 parallel to the cutting surface 36 and cut blunt.

When designing a haircut, the shorter neck and side hairs are the most difficult to machine by cutting technique. Here, a harmonious course between the neck neck (hair length 0%) and the overlying longer hair (hair length 100%) is sought. The resulting cut surface runs obliquely to the scalp and is referred to below as an oblique cut surface. An oblique cut surface is also formed if no transition is cut and the hair in the neck approach, for example, a Length of 1 cm, while the hair on the top of the head, for example, 10 cm long.

The 4 and 4a illustrate the cutting technique with a conventional hair clipper 52. The hair clipper 52 is guided in a direction 37 along the desired cut surface 36 from 0 to 100% of the desired hair length L. This creates a hard and dull cut surface 36 without small steps, making the haircut inharmonious.

The leadership of the hair clipper 52 is particularly difficult especially in the neck area when a cutting comb 53 can no longer be inferior. To give cutting aid here, cutting attachments are often used, but with which an inclined cutting surface 36 can not arise. Rather, all hairs are cut to the same length. These cutting attachments serve only to avoid unwanted steps and Kahlstellen.

The hair clipper 10 after the FIGS. 5 and 6 includes an electric motor drive receiving handle 12 having a top and bottom 12 a, 12 b and arranged at the front handle end 14 shaving head 16, wherein the swingable blade 20 is disposed above the stationary blade 18. With the positive-angle hair clipper 10, with conventional flat handling of the hair clipper 10, the angle (the ratio of the scalp 26 or cut surface 28 to the cutting plane 22) is steeper than that of conventional hair clipper 52, which improves the result especially at transition cutting and a faster error rate through a lower error rate Works possible.

Fig. 7 shows the angular relationship between the cutting plane 22 of the two blades 18,20 and the longitudinal axis 24 of the hair clipper 10, wherein the angle alpha is 5 to 35 degrees. In practice, an optimal angle alpha of about 30 degrees has been proven. The cutting plane 22 of the hair clipper 10 is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis 24 down U. Since the swingable blade 20 is above the stationary blade 18 (FIG. Fig. 6 ) of the hair clipper 10 is arranged, in a cam drive 54, a metal pin 43 ( Fig. 15 ) provided, which is connected to an eccentric shaft 42 and a drive shaft 41, said metal pin 43 is guided through the lower stationary blade 18 via an opening 44 in order to drive the upper swingable blade 20 via a bulge 45 can.

Fig. 8 shows the guide of the hair clipper 10 for making a transition from 0 to 100% of the desired hair length L. The oblique cut surface is designated by the reference numeral 28.

The Fig. 9 and 9a make clear the special cutting technique with the hair clipper 10, which is guided away from interfaces 39 along arcuate paths 38. The cut result shows Fig. 9a , It is a classic scissors cut similar results achieved, which is characterized by the small gradations 35 by a soft cut surface.

The difference between a hair clipper 52 ( Fig. 11 ) with a negative angle 47 to the cutting surface 36 - as is well known - and a hair clipper 10 ( Fig. 10 ) with a positive angle 48 can best be seen by placing the longitudinal axis 24 vertically. If the swingable blade 20 is on the downwardly inclined side of the shaving head 16, then it is a negative angle 47, since in the application of the hair clipper 52, the effects of this negative angle are noticeable, thereby resulting in an almost inevitably parallel course of the hair cutting machine Cutting plane 22 to the cutting surface 36 results in a parallel course of the cutting plane 22 to the cutting surface 36, the stationary blade 18, the hair is dull detected, fixed and thereby hard or smooth cut off in a surface. When the movable blade 20 is above the stationary blade 18, it is a positive angle (FIG. Fig. 10 ) with all the positive benefits described, such as the shaking effect ( Fig. 12 ), in which when cutting by a hair clipper 10 with a positive angle, the hair 32 receives a silhouette-like effect by a minimal effilation 40.

The inventor has surprisingly found that the cutting results are significantly better, the steeper the shaving head of the hair clipper, ie the cutting plane 22 in the direction of the scalp is directed, as this does not dull the hair and is cut off, but by the rapid reciprocation of the swinging blade 20, the hair first shaken ( Fig. 12 ), when it is guided in the cutting direction 37. Only after shaking the stationary blade 18 detects the different incident hair, fixes it and it is cut off. As a result of this shaking, the cut surface 34 is cut cleanly, but not bluntly, and at the same time receives a minimal amount of effilation 40, which is close to the shearing cut effect.

In order to achieve a positive angle with a hair clipper, the operator can rotate a conventional hair clipper 180 degrees about the longitudinal axis, but this does not produce the shaking effect, since the stationary blade first grasps and fixes the hair so that no effilation can occur , There is also a risk of injury to the scalp, as the swinging blade is directed in this position to the scalp. Furthermore, the hair is detected poorly and insufficiently cut.

Another possibility is a rotation of the hair clipper about the transverse axis, in order to achieve in this way a steeper alignment of the cutting plane to the scalp. However, this attitude of the hair clipper requires an ergonomically unfamiliar posture from the operator, resulting in rapid fatigue.

In the hair clipper according to the invention an excellent cutting result is achieved with an ergonomic position for the operator without the risk of injury.

The Fig. 10 now shows the positive angle 48 of the hair clipper 10, with an elevation 11 of the longitudinal axis 24 away from the cutting surface 34, wherein the shaving head 16 maintains its distance position to the cutting surface 34, the shaving head 16 is steeper to the cutting surface 34. By the overhead swinging blade 20, the hair 32 are first shaken before they are held by the fixation with the stationary blade 18 and cut off.

The Fig. 11 shows the negative angle 47 of cutting plane 22 to the cutting surface 36. As soon as the user lifts the longitudinal axis 24 11 to the direction of the cut surface 36, a parallel automatically arises which causes a blunt and hard cut 36, because the hairs can fix in the stationary blade 18 and can not move when they are cut off. A falling in of the hair in the swinging blade 20 can not be done, since previously the stationary blade 18 grasps and fixes the hair.

The Fig. 12, 12a show a schematic representation of vertically falling hairs 32, which are detected by a shaving head 16 with swinging blade 20 and stationary blade 18 in the cutting direction 37. It can be clearly seen that the hairs 32 first fall into the swinging blade 20. The resulting effluent region 40 in the cutting surface 34 gives the machine cut with a positive angle of inclination to the cutting surface 34 a silhouette-like appearance, because they are shaken before cutting and thereby unequal fixed by the stationary blade 18 and detected before the hair 32 is cut off.

The decisive advantage of the hair cutting machine 10 according to the invention lies in the knowledge of the inventor that the flatter (more parallel) the cutting plane 22 of the hair cutting machine 10 is to the cutting surface 34, the harder or more progressive the haircut. This is because all the hairs 32 ( Fig. 13 ), which first fall through the fixed stationary blade 18, are fixed by the latter and thereby blunt 36 are cut off. By contrast, if the cutting plane 22 is aligned steeply with respect to the cutting surface 34, the haircut becomes softer and thus more harmonious. This is due to the fact that at an angle of 45 degrees to the scalp 26, the hair 32 can not fall so deep into the blades 20, 18 of the hair clipper 10. As a result, the hairdresser can recognize more targeted and better by several short movements, whether the desired hair length L is already reached. The hair clipper 10 has the further advantage that the hair clipper 10 is guided away from the scalp 26 during cutting, without the shaking effect being lost. Thus, unsightly bald spots and holes as well as cutting steps are avoided, which should also be of considerable importance for beginners.

The Fig. 13, 13a show a schematic representation in which the blunt cut 36 of the hair 32 can be seen. You can clearly see that the hair 32 first fixed by the stationary blade 18 before being cut off by the swinging blade 20. This creates a blunt, hard haircut 36.

The Fig. 14 shows in an exploded view a swingable and stationary blade 20,18 with an eccentric drive 54. From an electric motor 49, a drive shaft 41 is driven, on which an eccentric shaft 42 is mounted. On the opposite side of the eccentric shaft 42, a metal pin 43 is eccentrically mounted. This metal pin 43 is passed through the opening 44 in the stationary blade 18 and inserted into a driver 45 of the swingable blade 20. The swingable blade 20 is fixed to the retaining springs 46 on the stationary blade 18 movable by a parallelogram. By the rotational movement of the off-center metal pin 43, the swingable blade 20 reciprocates, since the movable spring holding spring 46 gives it enough leeway to move. The shaving head 16 is secured to the hair clipper handle 12 by a snap-on connection system known per se. This arrangement of a parallelogram with a retaining spring 46 is known per se by the EP0147134B1 , which is hereby fully disclosed.

Fig. 15 shows a side view of the Fig. 14 ,

Fig. 16 shows the assembled shaving head 16, in which the metal pin 43 is inserted through the opening 44 in the stationary blade 18 in the driver 45 of the swinging blade 20. But it can also be reversed, the driver 45 extended so that it is guided through the opening 44. Instead of the opening 44 and a recess, not shown, may be provided. Depending on the interaction of the metal pin 43 and the driver 45 could also be dispensed with an opening 44 or recess. The drive of the shaving head 16 of the hair clipper 10 with a positive angle to the longitudinal axis 24 via a drive shaft 41, which is set by a motor 49 in motion. On this drive shaft 41 is a round eccentric shaft 42, on which a metal pin 43 is eccentrically mounted on the opposite side of this eccentric shaft 42. This metal pin 43 gets when the motor 49 is turned on, a circular motion. To drive the swinging blade 20, the must Metal pin 43 are passed through an opening 44 in the stationary blade 18. This opening 44 must be large enough so that the metal pin 43 does not abut the stationary blade 18 when in motion. The end of the metal pin 43 is inserted into the driver 45 of the swingable blade 20. The retaining spring 46 fixes the movable blade 20 on the stationary blade 18, but the retaining spring 46 at the same time gives it so much leeway that it can move back and forth. By the circular movement of the metal pin 43, the swingable blade 20 is set in reciprocating vibrations.

Characterized in that the inclination angle (alpha) of the hair clipper 10 is designed to be adjustable, can be made individually ergonomic adjustment. Such an adjustment is for example from the EP0147134B , for example, from Fig. 30, which is hereby fully disclosed.

Due to the fact that the swingable blade 20 is adjustable relative to the stationary blade 18 in the longitudinal direction 55 of the cutting plane 22, the degree of the effilation 40 can be adjusted within certain limits.

The stationary blade 18 and the swingable blade 20 are formed as a replaceable shaving head 16, whereby this shaving head 16 can be replaced by a conventional shaving head.

The swingable blade 20 is partially provided with a flat cover 56, thereby preventing cut hairs 32 from being able to accumulate on the swingable blade 20.

List of reference numerals:

10

Clippers

11

Raising the longitudinal axis

12

Handle

12 a

top

12 b

bottom

14

handle end

16

shaving head

18

Stationary Blade (below)

20

Swinging blade (top)

22

cutting plane

24

longitudinal axis

26

scalp

28

Sloping cut surface

30

interface

31

hair

32

hair

33

Curved cut surface

34

section

35

Small gradations

36

Hard, dull cut surface

37

cutting direction

38

Arched path

39

interface

40

Minimal effilation

41

drive shaft

42

eccentric shaft

43

metal pin

44

Opening in the stationary blade

45

takeaway

46

retaining spring

47

Negative angle

48

Positive angle

49

engine

51

scissors

52

Conventional hair clipper

53

cutting comb

54

eccentric

55

longitudinal direction

56

cover

L, L1, L2

hair length

Claims (6)

1. A haircutting machine, comprising a handle (12) housing an electric drive unit and a cutter head (16) arranged at the upper handle end (14) in the vertical operating position of the handle, which cutter head comprises a stationary blade (18) and an oscillating blade (20) disposed above the stationary blade in the vertical operating position of the handle, wherein the stationary blade (18) and the oscillating blade (20) define a cutting plane (22) that extends there between, which cutting plane (22) is inclined in relation to a longitudinal axis (24) of the handle (12) such that in the vertical operating position of the handle (12) the cutting plane (22) is inclined downwardly in relation to a longitudinal axis (24) of the handle (12) at a positive inclination angle, characterized in that the inclination angle (α) is from 5° to 35°.
2. The hair cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting plane (22) together with the longitudinal axis (24) of the handle (12) enclose a positive inclination angle (alpha) of approximately 30 degrees.
3. The hair cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the inclination angle (alpha) is designed to be adjustable.
4. The hair cutting machine according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the oscillating blade (20) is designed to be adjustable relative to the stationary blade (18) in the longitudinal direction (55) of the cutting plane (22).
5. The hair cutting machine according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the stationary blade (18) and the oscillating blade (20) are designed as a replaceable cutter head (16).
6. The hair cutting machine according to at least claim 1, characterized in that the oscillating blade (20) is provided at least in part with a flat cover (56).

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