EP1528160A2 - Height-adjustable manhole cover - Google Patents

Abstract

The cover (1) is held in the top end of a locating part and is optionally supported by an intermediate ring (3) between the cover and locating part. At least two support regions (a, A, b, B, c, C) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the locating part and the cover or intermediate ring. These regions have the same angular distance and are located at different heights. Placing the cover or ring in different positions in the locating part provides different cover heights. The support regions are horizontal, slanting or stepped.

Description

The invention relates to a height-adjustable Manhole cover, in particular in traffic route construction can be used, with a Überfahrbarkeit of motor vehicles should be guaranteed.

In the assembly of manhole structures, for example for the drainage of roads necessary, a leveling for the actual manhole cover with the adjacent one Surface usually reaches a road surface Become a risk-free and low-noise Passage of manhole covers by motor vehicles to ensure.

For this purpose, in addition to the actual a manhole-forming elements, usually made of concrete, intermediate rings, the also made of concrete, in one such shaft structure inserted. Such intermediate rings fulfill the function of spacers and are available in different thickness configurations, so that with the inserted intermediate rings an adaptation to the respective height level of the environment with the manhole cover can be reached.

When driving over such shaft structures and the respective Manhole cover act dynamic forces, the one at the most different local points one such manhole cover in the entire shaft structure be initiated, so that uneven Stress is to be recorded, which leads to impairments up to the destruction of individual concrete elements can lead such a shaft structure.

Since the mentioned intermediate rings, which are necessary for the Level compensation inserted in the shaft structure usually at the top of a Schachtbauwerkes be inserted, in particular affect in the existing there Fugenbereichen the weather-related occurring frost-thaw cycles extremely negatively, causing it to destruct the respective Concrete elements or also of the used there Grout mortar is coming.

Thereby and by other influences it comes to a Lowering the entire shaft structure and accordingly also a lowering of the respective manhole cover, resulting in a more or less big one Road bumps leading up when driving over the lowered manhole covers by motor vehicles adversely affects. This increases the dynamic Loads on further driving over the Manhole covers by motor vehicles, causing the destruction process and / or another lowering on Shaft construction promotes. In addition, the noise level increases when driving over such "sagged" manhole covers considerably. Lowering can lead so far that affects road safety and damage to such manhole covers Crossing motor vehicles come can.

For these reasons, following the installation of the Schachtbauwerke elaborate repair and repair work in more or less large intervals be carried out, the labor and cost intensive are, as often blockages or at least however Partial closures of traffic routes required and also in such repair work Partial dismantling of elements of a shaft structure carried out with temporary removal of the manhole cover have to be and old intermediate rings removed and have to be replaced with new intermediate rings. This is also disadvantageous from a logistical point of view, because the distances between needing repair Shaft structures are more or less large, so that a correspondingly increased effort for the construction site operation and site equipment and transport and removal to the individual construction sites relative are big.

The useful life between such repair cycles is also limited, so the repair work at shaft structures must be repeated regularly and not the corresponding effort reduced.

Difficulties also occur during assembly and also any subsequent required Repair of shaft structures on surfaces on, in which the respective road surface in is aligned slightly tilted angles, so a Slope is present, to which the overridable Surface of a manhole cover should adjust.

All previously known approaches to a solution obliquely inclined orientation of an inserted Manhole cover have significant disadvantages.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a height-adjustable Shaft cover to provide the simple, fast and cost-effective at one Shaft structure can be mounted and at the one also subsequent leveling in relation to a drivable surface can be achieved.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a height-adjustable Manhole cover, which has the characteristics of Claim 1, solved. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can with the designated in the subordinate claims Characteristics can be achieved.

The height-adjustable manhole cover according to the invention uses a receiving element that is on the upper end face of a shaft are placed can. The receiving element is designed in this way that at least two support areas in each equal angular distances to each other, available are, in turn, also in the same Angular distances to each other arranged bearing areas an intermediate ring into which a manhole cover can be used or directly on the manhole cover existing support areas in assembled Lie down the shape of the manhole cover. This will be one Intermediate ring or a manhole cover, on the bearing areas are trained directly in a particular Angle position inserted into the receiving element.

The height adjustment can be achieved by that on the receiving element or the manhole cover or an intermediate ring several bearing areas in different levels / heights in relation to the horizontal are arranged.

So can in the simplest case on a receiving element Support areas in two different levels / heights distributed over the circumference, be arranged and directly on the manhole cover or an intermediate ring corresponding support areas only in one Height / level be formed when inserting in the receiving element in a corresponding angular position then on contact areas of the receiving element lie in one plane / height. So can one two-stage height adjustment can be achieved.

In analogous form but also a receiving element with support areas in one level / height and one Manhole cover or intermediate ring with bearing areas in at least two different levels / heights be used.

The bearing areas on the receiving element are inside a generally annular part arranged and bearing areas of a manhole cover or Intermediate ring are each at the radially outer formed downwardly facing edge region.

An at least three-level height adjustment can but advantageous with bearing areas in three different Levels / heights are reached.

In each case, pairs of circulation areas on Receiving element and manhole cover or intermediate ring be present, which are diametrically opposed are arranged.

It is cheaper, however, each associated with each other To arrange support areas in one plane / height, so that they are each offset by 120 ° to each other and support areas in different levels / heights are arranged alternately. So, for example a raised support area on one side to a Boundary area with middle height adjoin and on the opposite side of the high support area arranged a support area with a smaller height be. These are closed on the other side then again a support area with medium height.

So can a quasi three-point edition in each case three reached different heights for the manhole cover become. There is a possibility in the event that a lowering has occurred at a shaft structure, following leveling in a simple form to reach.

In this case, only the manhole cover and possibly an existing intermediate ring raised and around the longitudinal axis of the shaft is rotated until appropriate Support areas are positioned to each other and then manhole cover or intermediate ring lowered back into the receiving element, so that a Edition on the correspondingly increased contact areas he follows. For such a subsequent leveling Only a small amount of time is required and a traffic ban not done. In addition, no exchange of Shaft components required.

All bearing areas can be considered horizontally oriented be formed flat surfaces, wherein the respective area size to the required loads can be adjusted.

But there is also the possibility of the support areas as aligned at oblique angles Layers / surfaces form, with the support areas on the receiving element and the manhole cover or intermediate ring each aligned opposite to each other are, so that a full-surface edition and by the angle inclination a twisting of the Manhole cover counteracting self-locking achievable are. In addition, so can the support surface be increased by bearing areas.

In another embodiment, support areas can also be designed staircase-shaped, so that the individual stages of bearing areas interlocking mesh. This can also be done prevents twisting of the manhole cover and the Height adjustment achieved in an increased number of steps become.

It is also favorable if between over the circumference distributed support areas intermediate spaces are present, so that the manufacturing tolerances for receiving elements, manhole covers or intermediate rings can be kept larger.

For preventing twisting of an inserted Manhole cover and possibly also a Self-centering it is beneficial to be complementary Surface contours or surface contour elements Receiving elements, manhole covers or intermediate rings or provide support areas.

For example, the respective surfaces of contact areas with surface contours or Surface contour elements have been formed. In the process, such surface contours or surface contour elements should at each resting on each other Support areas in complementary form be educated.

For example, wedge shapes, waveforms or Tooth forms have been formed on support areas so that the respective wedges, waves or teeth interlock and reach a positive fit is.

But there is also the possibility to the respective Bearing areas webs and grooves or other suitable Surveys and wells to train the a positive fit and precise positioning allow each other in a certain angular position.

Alone or in addition to the already explained surface contours or surface contour elements but the support areas can also be radially inside lying on the receiving element and lying radially on the outside at the manhole cover or intermediate ring more complementary Contour elements at equal angular intervals be formed to each other. This can be a Manhole cover or intermediate ring only in certain Angular positions introduced into the receiving element from above become. So can an exact positioning the desired bearing areas to each other in each case secured height and a twisting be prevented. Particularly suitable contour elements are wedges and keyways, for example, on Receiving element formed keyways tapered can be, so that at the top of the keyway is larger, thereby facilitating insertion can be.

The height-adjustable at the invention Manhole cover inserted receiving element can be particularly advantageous a base in the form of a Have cone on the upper face of the Shaft rests. The receiving element can so on the upper end face of the shaft placed and be moved until a desired angle tilt has been achieved. So then an optional desired slope tilt set and be taken into account.

As far as possible, the upper end face of the Schachtes also in complementary form a cone form, leaving a nearly full-surface edition the base of the receiving element on the upper Face of the shaft can be achieved.

Advantageously, the receiving element should then with the be connected to the upper end face of the shaft can. This can be done in various forms, wherein Also combinations of compounds are possible.

For example, the upper face of the Well connected to the receiving element cohesively be, for example, by gluing is reachable.

A cohesive connection in combination with but a positive connection can also with the help of mortar or cement can be achieved.

For this purpose, for example, perforations or recesses provided on a receiving element be filled with a suitable binder can be.

Breakthroughs on recording elements but can also in conjunction with screws a secure attachment ensure of receiving elements on the shaft, wherein Screws or bolts inserted through the openings and subsequently made a screw connection can be. This should be the openings have been trained to be large, As already explained above, a positioning of the Receiving element before the final attachment to enable.

A positive fit of a receiving element but the upper face of a shaft can also each with complementary formed contours or Contour elements on the base of the receiving element and reached the upper end face of the shaft become.

In particular, in the introductory part of the description also mentioned problem of destruction of concrete elements due to freeze-thaw cycles in joint areas of stacked shaft elements To counteract even better, should Chute ring elements or shaft elements to which the Receiving elements are each placed directly, a length, starting from the upper to the lower end face of at least 1000 mm, preferably have at least 1500 mm, leaving the first joint usually always in the non-frozen soil area is arranged. This can be a shaft construction usually present conically tapered Schachthals, whose upper face then the Pad for the receiving element forms, integral Be part of such a shaft element.

The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example in the following become.

Figur 1

in schematischer Form eine Schnittdarstellung eines auf die obere Stirnfläche eines Schachtes aufgelegten Aufnahmeelementes für ein Beispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen höhenverstellbaren Schachtabdeckung;

Figur 2

eine Schnittdarstellung durch einen Zwischenring nach Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine Draufsicht auf ein Aufnahmeelement nach Figur 1;

Figur 4

einen in einen Zwischenring eingesetzten Schachtdeckel;

Figur 5

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines Teiles eines Schachtes mit einer erfindungsgemäßen höhenverstellbaren Schachtabdeckung und

Figur 6

ein Beispiel mit einem verlängerten Schachtelement.

Showing:

FIG. 1

in schematic form a sectional view of a placed on the upper end face of a shaft receiving element for an example of a height-adjustable manhole cover according to the invention;

FIG. 2

a sectional view through an intermediate ring of Figure 1;

FIG. 3

a plan view of a receiving element of Figure 1;

FIG. 4

a manhole cover inserted in an intermediate ring;

FIG. 5

a schematic sectional view of a portion of a shaft with a height-adjustable manhole cover according to the invention and

FIG. 6

an example with an extended shaft element.

With Figure 1 is an example of an inventive height-adjustable manhole cover to be clarified.

In this case, a receiving element 2 with a conical trained base on one in complementary Shape conically shaped end face of a shaft element been set up. By moving of the receiving element 2, a precise angular orientation, set here parallel to the horizontal become. Subsequently, the receiving element 2 was a screw connection with the respective Well connected element.

About the radially inner edge of the receiving element 2 are several support areas a, b and c in each arranged at different levels / heights. In each level / height are three support areas a, b and c at equal angular intervals to each other arranged.

In the receiving element 2, an intermediate ring 3 is used to be (not shown) inside has a free cross-section. The intermediate ring 3 is designed and dimensioned that a conventional manhole cover 1 (not shown) inserted into the intermediate ring 3 and with this can be held.

At the outer lower edge of the intermediate ring 3 (in FIG 2) are complementary in this example Bearing areas A, B and C in also different Layers / heights, which in this example respectively a distance of 20 mm from each other, present. These support areas A, B and C are respectively as triplets analogous to the support areas a, b and c of the receiving element 2, so that the Intermediate ring 3 in each case a suitable angular position in relation to the receiving element 2 in this from above can be used so that then the bearing areas A of the intermediate ring 3 on the support areas a of the receiving element 2 or the support areas B of the intermediate ring 3 on bearing areas b of Receiving element 2 or the support areas C of Intermediate ring 3 on contact areas c of the receiving element rest and so the respective desired height for the required level compensation of a manhole cover discontinued or an afterthought if necessary required height adjustment achieved can be.

With the representation of a plan view of a receiving element 2, as shown in Figure 3, the arrangement the respective support areas a, b and c in distributed over the circumference of the receiving element 2 Form be clarified.

It also becomes obvious that there are three in total Openings 6 formed on the receiving element 2 have been in relation to the bolts or screws for the screw a much larger Diameter, so that the displaceability of the receiving element 2 on the upper end face of the shaft is given.

With Figure 4 is to be clarified, as a se in itself known manhole cover 1 in an intermediate ring. 3 can be used.

In unillustrated form, such an intermediate ring 3 but also an integral part of a Manhole cover 1 or with the manhole cover 1 permanently be connected.

FIG. 5 is a schematic part of a part of a Manhole with a height-adjustable manhole cover being represented.

Here, the receiving element 2 on the upper End face of a shaft element, which serves as a chess neck 4 is designated, and is conical, put on and firmly connected there. This chess neck 4 can then turn on known and in standardized shape produced manhole ring elements 5 be placed, with the corresponding lower Face of the chess neck 4 and the upper end face of the shaft ring element 5 for a positive Compound formed graduated.

It is more favorable, however, the upper shaft element 5, as shown in Figure 6, in one piece, so with integrated Training Chess Necks 4, so that the Depth within the soil in which the first fugue of the shaft is arranged to increase significantly and the frost-thaw problem almost completely eliminated can be.

Claims (14)

Height-adjustable manhole cover, in which a receiving element (2) for a manhole cover (1) is placed on an upper end face of a manhole,
on the receiving element (2) and directly on the manhole cover (1) or an intermediate ring (3), in which the manhole cover (1) can be inserted, in each case at least two contact areas (A, a, B, b, C, c) at equal angular intervals are arranged distributed over the circumference, while the support areas (A, a, B, b, C, c) on the receiving element (2) and / or manhole cover (1) or intermediate ring (3) with respect to the horizontal in different planes / heights are arranged, wherein
for adjusting a height of the manhole cover, the manhole cover (1) and / or the intermediate ring (3) can be inserted into the receiving element (2) in an angular position, so that bearing areas (A, B, or C) of the manhole cover (1) or of the intermediate ring (3) rest on support areas (a, b or c) of the receiving element (2). Manhole cover according to claim 1,
characterized in that the bearing areas (A, A, B, B, C, C) are formed as horizontally oriented planes. Manhole cover according to claim 1,
characterized in that the bearing areas (A, a, B, b, C, c) are aligned at obliquely inclined angles. Manhole cover according to claim 1,
characterized in that the bearing areas (A, A, B, B, C, C) are formed step-step shape. Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each case three complementary bearing areas (A, a, B, b, C, c) on receiving element (2) and manhole cover (1) or intermediate ring (3) are present. Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that intermediate spaces are formed in each case between adjacent support areas (A, a, B, b, C, c) distributed over the circumference. Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the receiving element (2) is formed in the form of a cone base surface which rests on the upper end face of the shaft. Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving element (2) with the upper end face of the shaft material, form and / or non-positively connectable. Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the receiving element (2) openings (6) and / or fastening elements are present. Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that complementary bearing contours or surface contour elements are formed on contact areas (A, a, B, b, C, c) of receiving element (2) and manhole cover (1) or intermediate ring (3). Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the receiving element (2) lying radially inwardly and the manhole cover (1) or intermediate ring (3) lying radially outwardly a plurality of complementary contour elements are formed at equal angular distances from each other. Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving element (2) is placed on the upper end faces of a shaft element (4) formed as a shaft element. Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a manhole ring element (5) on which a receiving element (2) can be placed, starting from the upper to the lower end face has a length of at least 1000 mm. Manhole cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a conically tapering manhole neck (4) is an integral part of the manhole element (5).

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