EP1522440A1 - Electric heater for the heating of air, in particular for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Heat transfer device comprises at least one first component connected to an electric current source, at least one second component having at least one first (7) and at least one second partial unit electrically connected to the first component, and at least one electrical connecting unit (30) electrically connected by a first connecting device (32) to the bracket of a partial unit. The connecting unit has at least one second connecting device (33) with a receiving device for a second bracket (24). The receiving device has a flat section (36) and, when assembled, the receiving device and the second bracket engage with each other so that a force-locking connection is produced between the receiving device and the second bracket by at least one clamping device (35a, 35b) and an electrical contact is created at least between the flat section of the receiving device and a flat section of the second bracket. An independent claim is also included for the production of the above device.

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus for replacement of heat, especially for motor vehicles. In motor vehicle - air conditioners More and more electric heaters are used, which serve, for example, immediately after driving the windscreen to defrost, or to warm the interior of the vehicle.

In the prior art, heating devices are known which comprise a heating element, in particular, have a PTC heating element which is heated as a result of passing through this stream. These are contact plates provided, which with the heating element in electrical connection stand and on the other hand connected to a voltage source.

As a connection between the voltage source and the contact plates are in the prior art riveted plug connections known. These riveted plug connections, however, have the disadvantage that they only a relatively small contact surface between the contact plate and the Provide plug connection. This in turn causes the occurrence of relatively high Temperatures due to a current flow between the plug connection and the contact sheet.

The invention is therefore based on the object, the connection with the Improve contact sheet.

This is achieved by a device for the exchange of Heat achieved according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and Further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The present invention relates to a device for exchanging heat, in particular for a motor vehicle with at least one first component, which is connected to an electric power source, and whose Temperature varies depending on a flowing through the component Stromes changes, and at least one second component which at least a first and at least one second subunit having each at least indirectly in electrically conductive connection with the first Component, wherein at least one subunit a first particular has end flap.

In addition, at least one electrical connection device is provided, which by means of a first connecting means with the tab of at least a subunit is in electrically conductive connection and the Connection of an electrical power source is used, wherein the connection device at least one second connecting device with a receiving device for a second tab.

In this case, according to the invention, both connecting devices at least a flat portion and the first and the second connection means engage in such a way that a positive connection between the first and the second connection means by means of at least a clamping device is effected and an electrical contact at least between a major surface of the planar portion of the first connector and a major surface of the planar portion of the second Connecting device arises.

Under a connecting device we in the context of the present invention every device understood by interaction with another Connecting device an essentially non-positive connection effected between two connecting devices. As a connection device For example, a staple would be understood which a Pin, or pinching a plate. But also at least partially in one another interlocking or interlocking devices are used as connection means understood in the meaning of the invention.

An electrical connection device is understood to mean a device by means of which the connection to an electrical power source made can be.

A flat section is understood to mean a section that forms a surface forms with a predetermined length and a predetermined width. This area section can, for. B. the surface of a plate-shaped Represent elements.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least the receiving device at least one clamping element, which is a form-fitting and / or non-positive connection with at least one tab causes.

Under a clamping element while such elements are understood, the be biased and have at least two sections, one Clamping force can exert on another element.

Preferably, at least one clamping element presses the flat sections at least the receiving device and the second tab to each other and in a further preferred embodiment has at least one curved section on.

Particularly preferably, at least the connection device has at least two clamping elements.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least the second Tab of the receiving device at least partially substantially surround. Substantially encompassed is understood to mean that the surrounding connection means the surrounding connection means does not completely surround, but a predetermined proportion the circumference of the surrounding connection means which is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, and more preferably greater than 70%, surrounds.

In a further preferred embodiment, the first and the second connecting device pressed together, which is preferred a positive and / or non-positive connection between the connecting devices arises.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least the connection device at least partially made of a material which is selected from a group of materials which are copper, brass, in particular but not exclusively tinned brass, aluminum, Contains iron and the like.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least the connection device contains Nickel (Ni) with a percentage between 0.2% and 5%, preferably between 0.5% and 3% and more preferably between 0.8% and 1.8%.

Preferably, at least the connection device contains silicon (Si) with a Percentage between 0.05% and 2%, preferably between 0.1% and 1%, and more preferably between 0.15% and 0.35%.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least the connection device contains Phosphorus (P) with a percentage between 0.001% and 1%, preferably between 0.005% and 0.3% and more preferably between 0.01% and 0.1%.

Particularly preferably, at least the connection device contains nickel a percentage of 0.8% to 1.8%, silicon with a percentage from 0.15% to 0.35%, phosphorus at a percentage of 0.01% to 0.1 % and copper with the difference percentage, after deducting Shares of nickel, silicon and phosphorus of 100% results.

It has been shown that the above amounts of the individual ingredients contribute to a reliable in a wide temperature range To ensure proper functioning of the plug connection. So is a reliable one Operating the compounds in a temperature range at least from -40 degrees Celsius to 130 degrees Celsius possible, the specified high temperatures, for example, by an interaction of high Ambient temperature and additional heating by electrical Electricity can be generated.

In a further preferred embodiment, there is at least the connection device at least partially made of brass (CuZn) and especially preferably made of tinned brass.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least the connection device connected with a cable. This cable is preferred the connection of the connecting device to a pole of a voltage source. At least the connecting device is one Control and / or regulating device connected by the first Component controls flowing current and / or regulates.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least one subunit at least one second component of a group of materials made of which copper, brass, but especially not exclusively tin-plated brass, iron and the like.

Preferably, the first component has at least one heating device, which is selected from a group of heaters, which PTC - Heating elements, resistance - heating elements, plasma - heating elements and the like.

In a further preferred embodiment, a plurality of first and second subunits, which are arranged alternately. Preferably, the first components are arranged between the subunits are. The first and second subunits are preferred around contact sheets, with the opposite poles of a voltage source are connected. The alternating arrangement ensures that that a current flow through the first component which respectively is arranged between the subunits occurs. It would be possible the first components immediately between the first and second subunits However, it is preferred between the respective subunits other, in particular current-conducting elements, such as corrugated fins, provide additional contact sheets and the like.

In a further preferred embodiment is between at least the Connection device and at least one subunit at least one Clamping provided. Preferably, the end-side tab engages the at least one subunit into the at least second clamping device, whereby a positive and / or positive, releasable connection is formed.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least one tab at least one partially rounded and / or bevelled surface on. This surface is preferably used to nest facilitate the respective connecting devices.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least one planar Section at least one electrically conductive, structured subsection on. This is preferably structured by surface shapes, which are taken from a group, the webs, ribs, pimples, holes, Contains recesses, roughening or the like.

In a further preferred embodiment, the longitudinal direction of first and second tabs substantially parallel to each other. there is a coincidence of the longitudinal directions also as parallel in the sense this invention conceived. The longitudinal direction of the first end-side falls Tab preferred with the longitudinal direction of the subunit of the second Component together.

In a further preferred embodiment, the first and second Tab in the assembled state by a predetermined angle α rotated with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tabs. This is to be understood as meaning that the two-dimensional sections of the two tabs to the predetermined Angles are twisted against each other. Preferably, this angle is α between 0 degrees and 90 degrees, preferably between 0 degrees and 45 degrees and more preferably between 0 degrees and 20 degrees. In a further preferred Embodiment, the angle α is about 90 degrees.

The inventive method for producing a novel Device or a preferred development has at least the following Steps on:

Punching out at least one formula element from a substantially planar one Plate, in particular, but not exclusively, a sheet metal plate; Form setting of two form elements in at least a first and at least a second component according to the invention by at least one method, such as but not limited to bending.

The structuring preferably takes place at least one electrically conductive Subsection of the receiving device according to the invention by surface shaping during punching and / or at least one Molding process.

The present invention is further directed to the use of those described above Device for exchanging heat in an air conditioner, in particular directed a motor vehicle.

Further advantages and embodiments of the device according to the invention for the exchange of heat will be apparent from the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1

die Gesamtdarstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme;

Fig. 2

eine Verbindungseinrichtung gemäß dem Stand der Technik;

Fig. 3

eine Rückansicht der Verbindungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Verbindungseinrichtung;

Fig. 5

eine Seitendarstellung der erfindungsgemässen Verbindungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf die Verbindungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 4;

Fig. 7

eine weitere Draufsicht entlang der Linien A-A gemäß Fig. 6.

Show:

Fig. 1

the overall view of a device for the exchange of heat;

Fig. 2

a connection device according to the prior art;

Fig. 3

a rear view of the connecting device of FIG. 2;

Fig. 4

a perspective view of an inventive connecting device;

Fig. 5

a side view of the inventive connecting device of FIG. 4;

Fig. 6

a plan view of the connecting device of FIG. 4;

Fig. 7

a further plan view along the lines AA of FIG. 6th

In Fig. 1 is an apparatus for exchanging heat in an overall view shown.

In this case, the reference numeral 1 refers to a frame and connection device, which the supply of electrical energy into the device serves to exchange heat. The reference numeral 6 refers to a first component, which is particularly but not exclusively can be a PTC element. At this first component is a subunit 7 of a second component. In this subunit it may in particular, but not exclusively, be a contact plate act. This contact plate has an end tab 3, which the supply of electrical energy is used.

The reference numeral 10 refers to a second subunit of the second Component, which also has a connection component or tab 12. This tab 12 is preferably with the opposite pole of a Current or voltage source connected, so ultimately a current flow through the first component 6 and thus a heating of the same create. Furthermore, corrugated ribs are between the individual first components 8 is provided, which promote the heat exchange with the serving ambient air. Reference numeral 15 refers to a frame device, to fix the above facilities.

Fig. 2 shows the connecting device between the metal unit or the Contact plates of the second component 7 and a terminal strap or a connection device 21. In this case, a rivet connection 23 is provided. Reference numeral 24 refers to an invisible in the upper image Lug with an opening, which is intended for the riveted connection has. A disadvantage of this riveted joint, as stated above, is a relatively small contact surface between the subunit 7 and the terminal tab 24 is available. This lower contact surface ultimately leads to an increased flow of electricity at the same flow Temperature at the junction.

Fig. 3 shows the connection of the contact plate and the tab in a rearward View. Again, the rivet connection is clearly visible.

4 shows a connection device 30 according to the invention for the device to exchange heat. Instead of the rivet connection shown in Fig. 3 Here is a clamping connection with two clamping devices 35 a and 35b between the second tab 24 and the terminal device 30 used. The tab 24 has two bevelled in this embodiment End-side areas, which an insertion into the clamping device facilitate. In addition, also rounded corners and the like could be provided be. These clamps 35a and 35b cause the Tab 24 against a flat portion 36 of the connection device is pressed. Reference numeral 7 denotes the subunit of the second Component, which in the first connection means 32, or in the Clamps 31 can preferably be inserted releasably. At the elements 31 is resilient elements in this embodiment, ultimately favor pinching the subunit 7. The tab 24 has a predetermined width b.

In Fig. 5 is a side view of the illustration of FIG. 4 is shown. It can be seen that the clamping device 35b presses the tab 24 against the flat portion 36 of the connection device 30. In this way it is achieved that a contact surface between the tab 24 and the flat portion 36 is formed, which results essentially from the product of the width b of the tab 24 and the height h, in which surface portion 36 and the tab 24 overlap results. Furthermore, a contact still comes along along the respective side surfaces of the connecting device or the tab 24 and, as shown in Fig. 4, partially on the upwardly facing surface of the tab 24.
As is apparent from Fig. 4, the terminals 31 in cross-section on a beak-shaped. In this case, the clamps initially run in a V-shaped manner in a lower section in the figure, then have a section in which they contact each other and then again run apart in a substantially V-shaped manner. The opening angle above the Berührabschnitts in this embodiment is greater than below the Berührabschnitts. In the assembled state, the two Berührabschnitte of the terminals 31 put on the contact plate 7, which is indicated by the thin line. In this embodiment, two clamps 31 were used. However, it would also be possible to provide more or fewer clamps instead. Also, a different number of clamping member units could be provided on the two sides.

The two clamping devices 35a and 35b in turn have end sections 35'a and 35'b on, which further increase the contact area between the connection device 30 and the second tab 24 effect.

However, it is also possible, the execution of the connecting device in reverse order, d. H. the clamps 35a and 35b to provide on the second tab 24 and a tab on the first connection means 33. Furthermore, it would also be conceivable clamping devices both at the connection device, as well as the second tab 24th provide, which mesh.

FIG. 6 shows a top view of the connection device shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 30. It can be seen that the end portions 35'b and 35'a with respect to the remaining portions of the clamping devices 35a and 35b are enlarged along the direction h. It also shows that the second Tab 24 has a beveled end portion 26 which is a collapse for making the connection between the connecting devices 24 and 36 relieved. The lower portion 39 of the second Tab 24 is used to connect a power source, which, for example can be connected by means of the opening 41.

In Fig. 7 is a plan view along the lines A-A on the device Fig. 6 is shown. In particular, the areas are shown by hatching, in which the mechanical connection between the connection device 30 and the second tab 24 comes about. It is here, too seen that as the contact surface, in which, as mentioned above, by the width b and the height h spanned surface and that of the clamping devices 35a and 35b surrounding area of the second connection means 24th is available. It is possible, the end portions 35a 'and 35b' also closer to the center line m to bring in this way the contact surface even further to enlarge.

As is apparent from Fig. 7, the clamps 35a and 35b respectively an arcuate portion, each having a lateral area the second tab 24 at least partially surrounds. The touch Clamping devices preferably along substantially all of them arcuate portion of the second tab 24. Below substantially along this entire arcuate section is understood to mean that nevertheless in smaller areas, in which the tab 24 of a strong Curvature of the clamping devices 35a and 35b facing, as in the figure 7 on the underside of the tab 24 sections, possibly no contact occurs.

The arcuate portion can be made such that it at least partially in the form of a circular line, but they are other courses such as elliptical courses conceivable.

Furthermore, it can be seen that the thickness of the second tab 24, the thickness of the (hatched drawn) flat portion 36 surmounted. It would be, however also possible to choose the thicknesses equal or the thickness of the second Tab 24 less than the thickness of the flat portion 36th

In this embodiment, the thickness of the sheet portion is further correct substantially coincident with the thickness of the clamps 35a and 35b. However, the thicknesses could also be chosen differently.

By suitable methods, in particular, but not exclusively Pressing, can be achieved that a contact between the connection device and the second tab substantially completely along the lines l1 and l2 come about.

The reference numeral 33 refers to a central area of the terminal device 30. This central area has a given height and a substantially rectangular cross section, wherein the respective Longitudinal sides of this central region, the clamping means 31 for the first Subunit 7 are arranged. Instead of substantially rectangular cross sections However, other cross sections could be used, such as generally polygonal cross-sections, elliptical cross-sections and the like.

In the figure, the central area 33 is not a closed area, but is on its top interrupted in the longitudinal direction. In cross section, the Center area rounded corners on. The underside of the central region 33 goes directly into the flat section 36, wherein the width of the Central region substantially with the width of the flat portion 35th matches.

Preferably, the central region 33 is made of a current-insulating material or surrounded by such material.

Claims (31)

Device for exchanging heat, in particular for a motor vehicle
at least a first component which is connected to an electric current source and whose temperature changes in dependence on a current flowing through the component;
at least one second component which has at least one first and at least one second subunit, each of which is at least indirectly in electrically conductive connection with the first component, wherein at least one subunit has an end-side first tab;
at least one electrical connection device which is in electrically conductive connection with the lug of the at least one subunit by means of a first connection device and serves for the connection of an electric current source, wherein the connection device has at least one second connection device with a receiving device for a second lug,
characterized in that
the receiving device has a flat portion and engage in the assembled state, the receiving device and the second tab such that a frictional connection between the receiving device and the second tab is effected by means of at least one clamping device and an electrical contact at least between the planar portion of the receiving device and a flat section of the second tab is formed. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the receiving device has at least one clamping element, which causes a positive connection with at least one tab. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one clamping element presses the flat portions of at least the receiving device and the second tab together. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one clamping element has at least one curved portion. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one connecting device comprises two clamping elements. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the second tab is surrounded by the receiving device at least in sections. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting device is at least partially made of a material which is selected from a group of materials which copper, brass, but in particular not exclusively tinned or galvanized brass, aluminum, iron and the like. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection device nickel (Ni) with a percentage between 0.2% and 5%, preferably between 0.5% and 3% and particularly preferably between 0.8% and Contains 1.8%. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection device silicon (Si) with a percentage of between 0.05% and 2%, preferably between 0.1% and 1% and more preferably between 0.15% and 0.35%. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection device phosphorus (P) with a percentage between 0.001% and 1%, preferably between 0.005% and 0.3% and particularly preferably between 0.01% and 0, Contains 1%. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection means nickel with a percentage of 0.8% to 1.8%, silicon with a percentage of 0.15% to 0.35%, phosphorus with a percentage from 0.01% to 0.1% and copper with the difference percentage resulting after deducting the nickel, silicon and phosphorus content. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection device consists at least partially of brass (CuZn). Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection device consists at least partially of tinned brass. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection device is connected to a cable. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection device is connected to a control and / or regulating device. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one subunit of at least one second component is made of a group of materials containing copper, brass, in particular but not exclusively tinned or galvanized brass, iron, and the like. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first component comprises at least one heating device selected from a group of heating devices comprising PTC heating elements, resistance heating elements, plasma heating elements and the like. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of first and second subunits are provided, which are arranged alternately. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that corrugated ribs are provided between the first components. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one second clamping device is provided between the connection device and at least one subunit. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end-side tab of the at least one subunit engages in the at least one second clamping device and in this way creates a positive releasable connection. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one tab has at least one partially rounded and / or bevelled surface. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one planar section has at least one electrically conductive, structured subsection. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one electrically conductive, structured subsection is structured by surface shapes, which are taken from a group containing webs, ribs, knobs, fish skin structure, holes, recesses, roughening or the like. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal direction of the first and the second tab are substantially parallel. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second tab are rotated in the assembled state against each other by a predetermined angle α with respect. The longitudinal direction of the tabs. Device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle α between 0 and 90 °, preferably between 0 ° and 45 °, more preferably between 0 ° and 10 °. Method for producing a device according to at least one of the preceding claims with the following steps: Punching at least one molding element from a substantially flat plate, in particular, but not exclusively, a sheet metal plate Transferring at least two mold elements into at least one first and at least one second component according to at least one of the preceding claims, by at least one shaping method. A method according to claim 28, characterized in that bending is selected as the shaping process. A method according to claim 28 for producing a device according to at least one of claims 1-24, characterized in that the structuring of at least one electrically conductive subsection of the receiving device by surface shaping during punching and / or at least one shaping process takes place. Use of a device, in particular after at least one of claims 1-27 for air conditioning in particular for a motor vehicle.

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