EP1521638A1 - Electric separator with a rinsing cleaning system - Google Patents

Electric separator with a rinsing cleaning system

Info

Publication number
EP1521638A1
EP1521638A1 EP03783915A EP03783915A EP1521638A1 EP 1521638 A1 EP1521638 A1 EP 1521638A1 EP 03783915 A EP03783915 A EP 03783915A EP 03783915 A EP03783915 A EP 03783915A EP 1521638 A1 EP1521638 A1 EP 1521638A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
cleaning
oil
separator
injection device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03783915A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1521638B1 (en
Inventor
Stephan Ahlborn
Dieter Baumann
Bernhard Batram
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ing Walter Hengst GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ing Walter Hengst GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ing Walter Hengst GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Ing Walter Hengst GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1521638A1 publication Critical patent/EP1521638A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1521638B1 publication Critical patent/EP1521638B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/78—Cleaning the electrodes by washing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/04—Cleaning of, preventing corrosion or erosion in, or preventing unwanted deposits in, combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device
    • F01M2013/0427—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device the centrifuge device having no rotating part, e.g. cyclone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0466—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with electrostatic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical separator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic electrical separator is known from DE-U-299 053 02.
  • the problem may arise when using mechanical cleaning systems that hardened deposits cannot be removed effectively. Since the mechanical cleaning systems are operated at intervals, depending on the operating mode of the internal combustion engine, an interval between two cleaning processes can be so large that the deposits in the separator harden in the aforementioned disadvantageous manner.
  • the object of the invention is to improve an electrical separator of the generic type in such a way that it enables reliable electrode cleaning. This object is achieved by an electrical separator with the features of claim 1.
  • the invention surprisingly proposes not to perform mechanical cleaning, but rather hydraulic cleaning, in which the deposits on at least one of the two electrodes are removed by means of a liquid.
  • Oil can advantageously be used as a liquid for cleaning the electrode surfaces, in particular oil which is taken from the oil circuit of the internal combustion engine.
  • the electrical separator is used to remove oil from the air flow, it is surprising and unexpected that the additional introduction of oil, of all things, into the air flow makes sense, namely to clean the electrode surface, because, firstly, this means the effort required to operate the electrical system -Abscheiders can be kept comparatively low compared to the need to use a special cleaning liquid and to have to stock and regularly refill it, and secondly because good cleaning results can be achieved: when using oil as a rinsing liquid there appears to be a high affinity for the also deposits from the oil, so that oil as a rinsing liquid absorbs the deposits particularly well when the oil runs along the electrode surface.
  • non-generic electrical separators which are used in an industrial system and therefore do not meet the requirements for the structural dimensions or the temperature and vibration loads. are set, as they occur in generic electric separators, especially when the internal combustion engine is provided as a drive in a soft vehicle.
  • the precipitation area does not represent the precipitation electrode, but merely a type of carrier or holder for the liquid film, while the actual precipitation electrode is formed by the liquid film itself, which is in contact with an electrical conductor and is grounded by the latter.
  • the material itself which is to be removed from an air stream by the separator, is in particular not used as the liquid.
  • the spray jet of the injection device can advantageously be directed onto the wall of the electrode; either the spray jet as a high-pressure jet can enable an additional amplification of the cleaning performance. Because of the atomization effect that may occur in this case, it may be provided in such cases that such an injection process is only carried out when the air speed in the electrical separator is low. In this way, the tendency for the air jet to entrain atomized oil particles during the injection process is particularly small, so that the separation performance of the electrical separator is not inadmissibly impaired by the injection process of the cleaning liquid.
  • the spray jet of the injection device can be provided to direct the spray jet of the injection device tangentially to the wall of the electrode.
  • a low-atomization spray is made possible, which primarily serves to rinse and wet the electrode surface and, to a lesser extent, enables a cleaning effect due to the mechanical pressure of the spray.
  • a circuit can advantageously be provided, which ensures that the injection device is actuated only at intervals. While continuous rinsing of the electrode surface is fundamentally conceivable, which would reliably preclude the accumulation of particles on the electrode surface, it can advantageously be provided that the cleaning is carried out only under certain operating conditions of the internal combustion engine.
  • the circuit can be controlled, for example, by an electronic motor control or can be integrated in this motor control, so that the injection device is activated for cleaning the electrode surface in the case of predetermined operating states of the motor.
  • an electronically controlled valve can be provided which is actuated by the engine control unit.
  • a clocked valve can be provided so that the clock rate can be influenced and the injection quantity of the cleaning liquid can be varied.
  • valve which opens or closes, for example, as a function of the pressure conditions in the crankcase ventilation line or as a function of the oil pressure of the engine, so that regardless of the engine control system, the valve only opens when the engine is in such operating states can be ensured if the desired low flow velocities of the air prevail in the crankcase ventilation and thus in the electrical separator.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view, partly in section, of the separator of FIGS. 1 and 2,
  • Fig. 6 u. 7 two different diagrams of circuits for cleaning the electrodes.
  • Fig. 1 generally designates an electrical separator which is arranged in the air flow of the crankcase ventilation of an internal combustion engine.
  • the separator 1 has, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3, three separating chambers, in each of which a spray electrode 2 is arranged and in which the tubular housing surface forms a cylindrical precipitation electrode 3.
  • the oil runs, as indicated by the arrows shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in a spiral manner on the inner surface of the precipitation electrode 3 below, it being provided in the illustrated embodiment that the installation position according to FIGS. 1 and 3 is oriented with the free end of the spray electrode 2 pointing downward.
  • the cleaning fluid runs, supported by gravity, in this case oil from the crank Housing of the internal combustion engine, on the inner surface of the precipitation electrode 3 down and takes away the deposits that adhere to the surface of this precipitation electrode 3.
  • the inner surface of the precipitation electrode 3 is always wetted with oil, so that no deposits can deposit on the precipitation electrode 3 from the outset. If, on the other hand, the cleaning is carried out only at intervals, the affinity of the deposits originating from the oil to the oil, which is used as the cleaning liquid, ensures that the electrode surface is reliably cleaned.
  • Fig. 4 it is shown as a second embodiment that the oil is fed into the hollow interior of the spray electrode 2 and is sprayed from there through a plurality of cleaning nozzles 7 under comparatively high pressure onto the precipitation electrode 3, particularly in the area around the free end around the spray electrode 2, where the largest amounts of deposits on the precipitation electrode result.
  • the cleaning liquid does not run along the electrode walls, but must be sprayed onto the precipitation electrode 3 by the air flow.
  • the cleaning liquid is sprayed against the precipitation electrode 3 at a comparatively high pressure.
  • FIG. 5 represents an exemplary embodiment in which the spray electrode 2 is cleaned. 5 two different feeds of the cleaning liquid are provided, which can either be provided jointly according to FIG. 5, but possibly only differently from FIG. 5:
  • the cleaning liquid can either be passed through the hollow interior of the spray electrode 2 and, at its lower end, can be passed through outlet openings 8 to the needle-like tip of the spray electrode 2, and / or the cleaning liquid can be sprayed onto the spray electrode 2 from the outside, through injection holes 9 Similar to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, the cleaning liquid is sprayed onto the inner wall of the precipitation electrode.
  • FIG. 6 shows a circuit 10 in which an oil pan 11 of a crankcase of an internal combustion engine is shown symbolically. Oil is conveyed from this oil pan 11 to a valve 12, which opens at a predetermined first pressure P1, but closes again at a predetermined, second, higher pressure P2. This oil is injected into the electrical separator 1 for cleaning one or both electrodes 2 and 3. The pressure conditions for opening the valve 12 ensure that the valve always opens when the engine is idling, when the flow rates of the electric separator 1 are low. As indicated at 14, this is supplied with air from the crankcase, from which the oil particles are separated.
  • FIG. 7 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a circuit 10 for operating the cleaning device of the separator 1.
  • the valve 12 is not opened here directly as a function of pressure, but rather is actuated electrically, this actuation being controlled on the basis of the parameters present in an engine control 17.
  • the engine controller 17 processes, for example, parameters such as the speed of the internal combustion engine or the pressure prevailing in the oil circuit.
  • an expansion vessel which is filled with a liquid, for example in the case of engine oil, the movement of the expansion vessel depending on its fill level resulting in a mechanical cleaning member which is connected to the Expansion vessel is connected, is moved back and forth.
  • This mechanical cleaning element can be configured, for example, as a brush, membrane or the like and can be used for cleaning, for example, the tip of the spray electrode 2.
  • the expansion vessel is emptied, the liquid volume emerging from this expansion vessel is used as a cleaning fluid for cleaning the other electrode, for example the precipitation electrode.
  • the expansion vessel can easily build up sufficient pressure to enable, for example, the comparatively low-pressure tangential injection of the cleaning liquid onto the wall of the precipitation electrode.

Abstract

Electric oil separator that separates oil from an airflow of a ventilator. The separator includes an emission electrode and a collecting electrode. Moreover, the separator includes an injection device structured and arranged to inject oil as a cleaning fluid onto at least one of the emission electrode and the collecting electrode, so as to inject oil obliquely to a longitudinal axis of the collecting electrode.

Description

"Elektro-Abscheider mit Spülreinigung""Electrical separator with rinsing cleaning"
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Elektro-Abscheider nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electrical separator according to the preamble of claim 1.
Aus der DE-U-299 053 02 ist ein gattungsgemäßer Elektro- Abscheider bekannt.A generic electrical separator is known from DE-U-299 053 02.
Wenn eine oder beide Elektroden des Abscheiders von anhaftenden Verunreinigungen befreit werden sollen, so kann bei der Verwendung mechanischer Abreinigungsanlagen das Problem bestehen, dass verhärtete Ablagerungen nicht wirkungsvoll entfernt werden können. Da die mechanischen Abreinigungsanlagen intervallartig betätigt werden, kann je nach Betriebsweise des Verbrennungsmotors ein Intervall zwischen zwei Abreini- gungsvorgängen so groß sein, dass die Ablagerungen im Abscheider in der vorerwähnten nachteiligen Weise erhärten.If one or both electrodes of the separator are to be freed from adhering impurities, the problem may arise when using mechanical cleaning systems that hardened deposits cannot be removed effectively. Since the mechanical cleaning systems are operated at intervals, depending on the operating mode of the internal combustion engine, an interval between two cleaning processes can be so large that the deposits in the separator harden in the aforementioned disadvantageous manner.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemäßen Elektro-Abscheider dahingehend zu verbessern, dass dieser eine zuverlässige Elektroden-Abreinigung ermöglicht. Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Elektro-Abscheider mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object of the invention is to improve an electrical separator of the generic type in such a way that it enables reliable electrode cleaning. This object is achieved by an electrical separator with the features of claim 1.
Die Erfindung schlägt mit anderen Worten überraschend vor, keine mechanische Abreinigung vorzunehmen, sondern vielmehr eine hydraulische Abreinigung, bei welcher die Anlagerungen an zumindest einer der beiden Elektroden mittels einer Flüssigkeit entfernt werden. Überraschend hat sich herausgestellt, dass trotz der geringeren mechanischen Beaufschlagung, mit welcher die Flüssigkeit auf die Ablagerungen im Vergleich zu einem bürstenförmigen Reinigungskörper einwirkt, eine zuverlässige Abreinigung der Elektrode möglich ist, indem die Elektrodenober lächen regelrecht gespült werden.In other words, the invention surprisingly proposes not to perform mechanical cleaning, but rather hydraulic cleaning, in which the deposits on at least one of the two electrodes are removed by means of a liquid. Surprisingly, it has been found that despite the lower mechanical exposure with which the liquid acts on the deposits in comparison to a brush-shaped cleaning body, reliable cleaning of the electrode is possible by properly rinsing the electrode surfaces.
Vorteilhaft kann Öl als Flüssigkeit zum Abreinigen der Elektroden-Oberflächen Verwendung finden, insbesondere Öl, welches dem Ölkreislauf des Verbrennungsmotors entnommen wird. Obwohl der Elektro-Abscheider zum Entfernen von Öl aus dem Luftstrom dient, ist überraschend und unerwartet das zusätzliche Einbringen ausgerechnet von Öl in den Luftstrom sinnvoll, nämlich zum Abreinigen der Elektroden-Oberfläche, und zwar weil erstens auf diese Weise der Aufwand zum Betreiben des Elektro-Abscheiders vergleichsweise gering gehalten werden kann, verglichen mit der Erfordernis, eine spezielle Reinigungsflüssigkeit zu verwenden und diese bevorraten sowie regelmäßig nachfüllen zu müssen, und weil zweitens gute Abreinigungser- gebnisse erzielbar sind: bei Verwendung von Öl als Spülflüssigkeit besteht anscheinend eine hohe Affinität zu den ebenfalls aus dem Öl stammenden Anlagerungen, sodass Öl als Spülflüssigkeit die Anlagerungen besonders gut auf- und mitnimmt, wenn das Öl an der Elektroden-Oberfläche entlang läuft.Oil can advantageously be used as a liquid for cleaning the electrode surfaces, in particular oil which is taken from the oil circuit of the internal combustion engine. Although the electrical separator is used to remove oil from the air flow, it is surprising and unexpected that the additional introduction of oil, of all things, into the air flow makes sense, namely to clean the electrode surface, because, firstly, this means the effort required to operate the electrical system -Abscheiders can be kept comparatively low compared to the need to use a special cleaning liquid and to have to stock and regularly refill it, and secondly because good cleaning results can be achieved: when using oil as a rinsing liquid there appears to be a high affinity for the also deposits from the oil, so that oil as a rinsing liquid absorbs the deposits particularly well when the oil runs along the electrode surface.
Aus der DE 27 43 292 B2 sind gattungsfremde Elektroabschei- der bekannt, die in einer industriellen Anlage eingesetzt werden und somit weder den Anforderungen an die baulichen Abmessungen noch den Temperatur- und Vibrationsbelastungen aus- gesetzt sind, wie sie bei gattungsgemäßen Elektroabscheidern auftreten, insbesondere wenn der Verbrennungsmotor als Antrieb in einem Karftfahrzeug vorgesehen ist. Aus diesem vorerwähnten gattungsfremden Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, eine Einspritzung von Wasser vorgesehen, um einen Flüssigkeitsfilm auf einer Niederschlagsfläche zu bilden. Die Niederschlagsfläche stellt dabei nicht die Niederschlagselektrode dar, sondern lediglich eine Art Träger oder Halterung für den Flüssigkeitsfilm, während die eigentliche Niederschlagselektrode durch den Flüssigkeitsfilm selbst gebildet wird, welcher mit einem elektrischen Leiter in Kontakt steht und durch diesen geerdet ist. Als Flüssigkeit wird bei diesem bekannten Stand der Technik insbesondere nicht das Material selbst verwendet, welches durch den Abscheider aus einem Luftstrom entfernt werden soll.From DE 27 43 292 B2, non-generic electrical separators are known which are used in an industrial system and therefore do not meet the requirements for the structural dimensions or the temperature and vibration loads. are set, as they occur in generic electric separators, especially when the internal combustion engine is provided as a drive in a soft vehicle. From this aforementioned prior art, it is known to provide an injection of water in order to form a liquid film on a precipitation surface. The precipitation area does not represent the precipitation electrode, but merely a type of carrier or holder for the liquid film, while the actual precipitation electrode is formed by the liquid film itself, which is in contact with an electrical conductor and is grounded by the latter. In this known prior art, the material itself, which is to be removed from an air stream by the separator, is in particular not used as the liquid.
Vorteilhaft kann der Sprühstrahl der Einspritzvorrichtung auf die Wandung der Elektrode gerichtet sein, dabei kann entweder der Sprühstrahl als Hochdruckstrahl eine zusätzliche Verstärkung der Abreinigungsleistung ermöglichen. Aufgrund des dabei möglicherweise auftretenden Zerstäubungseffektes kann in diesen Fällen vorgesehen sein, einen derartigen Einspritzvorgang nur dann durchzuführen, wenn die Luftgeschwindigkeit im Elektro- Abscheider gering ist. Auf diese Weise ist die Neigung, dass der Luftstrahl beim Einspritzvorgang zerstäubte Ölpartikel mitreißt, besonders gering, sodass die Abscheidungsleistung des Elektro- Abscheiders durch den Einspritzvorgang der Reinigungsflüssigkeit nicht unzulässig verschlechtert wird.The spray jet of the injection device can advantageously be directed onto the wall of the electrode; either the spray jet as a high-pressure jet can enable an additional amplification of the cleaning performance. Because of the atomization effect that may occur in this case, it may be provided in such cases that such an injection process is only carried out when the air speed in the electrical separator is low. In this way, the tendency for the air jet to entrain atomized oil particles during the injection process is particularly small, so that the separation performance of the electrical separator is not inadmissibly impaired by the injection process of the cleaning liquid.
Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, den Sprühstrahl der Einspritzvorrichtung tangential an die Wandung der Elektrode zu richten. Auf diese Weise wird ein zerstäubungsarmer Sprühstoß ermöglicht, der in erster Linie zum Spülen und Benetzen der Elektroden-Oberfläche dient und in allenfalls untergeordnetem Maße eine Abreinigungswirkung durch den mechanischen Druck des Sprühstoßes ermöglicht. Vorteilhaft kann eine Schaltung vorgesehen sein, die für eine lediglich intervallartige Betätigung der Einspritzvorrichtung sorgt. Während grundsätzlich eine kontinuierliche Spülung der Elektr den-Oberfläche denkbar ist, welche die Anlagerung von Partikeln an der Elektroden-Oberfläche zuverlässig ausschließen würde, kann vorteilhaft vorgesehen sein, lediglich zu bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen des Verbrennungsmotors die Reinigung vorzunehmen. Auf diese Weise kann zuverlässig sichergestellt werden, dass beispielsweise nicht bei hohen Motordrehzahlen und dementsprechend hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten der Luft im Abscheider Öl an die Elektroden-Oberfläche gelangt, welches ansonsten aufgrund der hohen Luftgeschwindigkeit mitgerissen würde und die Abscheideleistung des Elektro- Abscheiders beeinträchtigen würde.Alternatively, it can be provided to direct the spray jet of the injection device tangentially to the wall of the electrode. In this way, a low-atomization spray is made possible, which primarily serves to rinse and wet the electrode surface and, to a lesser extent, enables a cleaning effect due to the mechanical pressure of the spray. A circuit can advantageously be provided, which ensures that the injection device is actuated only at intervals. While continuous rinsing of the electrode surface is fundamentally conceivable, which would reliably preclude the accumulation of particles on the electrode surface, it can advantageously be provided that the cleaning is carried out only under certain operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. In this way, it can be reliably ensured that, for example, oil does not reach the electrode surface in the separator at high engine speeds and correspondingly high flow velocities, which would otherwise be entrained due to the high air speed and would impair the separating performance of the electrical separator.
Die Schaltung kann beispielsweise von einer elektronischen Motorsteuerung angesteuert werden bzw. in dieser Motorsteuerung integriert sein, sodass bei vorgegebenen Betriebszuständen des Motors die Einspritzvorrichtung zum Reinigen der Elektroden- Oberfläche aktiviert wird. Hierzu kann ein elektronisch gesteuertes Ventil vorgesehen sein, welches von dem Motorsteuergerät betätigt wird. Dabei kann ein getaktetes Ventil vorgesehen sein, sodass die Taktrate beeinflusst werden kann und damit die Einspritzmenge der Reinigungsflüssigkeit variiert werden kann.The circuit can be controlled, for example, by an electronic motor control or can be integrated in this motor control, so that the injection device is activated for cleaning the electrode surface in the case of predetermined operating states of the motor. For this purpose, an electronically controlled valve can be provided which is actuated by the engine control unit. A clocked valve can be provided so that the clock rate can be influenced and the injection quantity of the cleaning liquid can be varied.
Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, ein Ventil zu verwenden, welches sich beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit von den Druckverhältnissen in der Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftungsleitung oder in Abhängigkeit vom Öldruck des Motors öffnet bzw. schließt, sodass unabhängig von der Motorsteuerung eine Öffnung des Ventils nur zu solchen Betriebszuständen des Motors sichergestellt werden kann, wenn die gewünschten geringen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten der Luft in der Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftung und damit im Elektro-Abscheider herrschen. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der rein schematischen Zeichnungen nachstehend näher erläutert. Dabei zeigtAlternatively, it can be provided to use a valve which opens or closes, for example, as a function of the pressure conditions in the crankcase ventilation line or as a function of the oil pressure of the engine, so that regardless of the engine control system, the valve only opens when the engine is in such operating states can be ensured if the desired low flow velocities of the air prevail in the crankcase ventilation and thus in the electrical separator. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below on the basis of the purely schematic drawings. It shows
Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch einen Elektro-Abscheider mit drei Sprühelektroden,1 shows a longitudinal section through an electrical separator with three spray electrodes,
Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch den Abscheider von Fig. 1 ,2 shows a cross section through the separator of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht, teilweise geschnitten, des Abscheiders von Fig. 1 und 2,3 is a perspective view, partly in section, of the separator of FIGS. 1 and 2,
Fig. 4 u. 5 zwei weitere Ausführungsbeispiele von Elektro- Abscheidem, und dieFig. 4 u. 5 two further embodiments of electrical separators, and the
Fig. 6 u. 7 zwei unterschiedliche Schaubilder von Schaltungen zur Reinigung der Elektroden.Fig. 6 u. 7 two different diagrams of circuits for cleaning the electrodes.
In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 allgemein ein Elektro-Abscheider bezeichnet, der im Luftstrom der Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftung eines Verbrennungsmotors angeordnet ist. Der Abscheider 1 weist, wie insbesondere aus den Fig. 2 und 3 ersichtlich ist, drei Abscheide- Kammern auf, in denen jeweils eine Sprühelektrode 2 angeordnet ist und bei denen die rohrförmige Gehäuseoberfläche eine zylindrische Niederschlagselektrode 3 bildet.In Fig. 1, 1 generally designates an electrical separator which is arranged in the air flow of the crankcase ventilation of an internal combustion engine. The separator 1 has, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3, three separating chambers, in each of which a spray electrode 2 is arranged and in which the tubular housing surface forms a cylindrical precipitation electrode 3.
Über eine Versorgungsleitung 4 gelangt Öl in eine Verteilerbohrung 5 und von dieser Verteilerbohrung 5 führen Einspritzkanäle 6 tangential an die Niederschlagselektroden 3. Das Öl läuft, wie durch die in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellten Pfeile angedeutet, wendelartig an der inneren Oberfläche der Niederschlagselektrode 3 nach unten, wobei bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel vorgesehen ist, dass die Einbaulage entsprechend Fig. 1 und 3 mit dem freien Ende der Sprühelektrode 2 nach unten weisend ausgerichtet ist. Schwerkraft unterstützt läuft die Reinigungsflüssigkeit, im vorliegenden Fall Öl aus dem Kurbel- gehäuse des Verbrennungsmotors, an der inneren Oberfläche der Niederschlagselektrode 3 nach unten und nimmt dabei die Anlagerungen mit, die auf der Oberfläche dieser Niederschlagselektrode 3 haften.Oil enters a distributor bore 5 via a supply line 4 and injection channels 6 lead tangentially from this distributor bore 5 to the precipitation electrodes 3. The oil runs, as indicated by the arrows shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in a spiral manner on the inner surface of the precipitation electrode 3 below, it being provided in the illustrated embodiment that the installation position according to FIGS. 1 and 3 is oriented with the free end of the spray electrode 2 pointing downward. The cleaning fluid runs, supported by gravity, in this case oil from the crank Housing of the internal combustion engine, on the inner surface of the precipitation electrode 3 down and takes away the deposits that adhere to the surface of this precipitation electrode 3.
Bei einem kontinuierlichen Betrieb der Einspritzvorrichtung ist die innere Oberfläche der Niederschlagselektrode 3 stets Öl benetzt, sodass sich von vornherein keine Anlagerungen auf der Niederschlagselektrode 3 absetzen können. Wird demgegenüber die Reinigung nur intervallartig vorgenommen, so bewirkt die Affinität der aus dem Öl stammenden Ablagerungen zum Öl, welches als Reinigungsflüssigkeit eingesetzt wird, dass eine zuverlässige Abreinigung der Elektroden-Oberfläche erfolgt.When the injection device is in continuous operation, the inner surface of the precipitation electrode 3 is always wetted with oil, so that no deposits can deposit on the precipitation electrode 3 from the outset. If, on the other hand, the cleaning is carried out only at intervals, the affinity of the deposits originating from the oil to the oil, which is used as the cleaning liquid, ensures that the electrode surface is reliably cleaned.
In Fig. 4 ist als zweites Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, dass das Öl in das hohle Innere der Sprühelektrode 2 geführt wird und von dort durch mehrere Reinigungsdüsen 7 unter vergleichsweise hohem Druck auf die Niederschlagselektrode 3 aufgesprüht wird, und zwar besonders in dem Bereich um das freie Ende der Sprühelektrode 2 herum, wo sich die größten Ablagerungsmengen an der Niederschlagselektrode ergeben.In Fig. 4 it is shown as a second embodiment that the oil is fed into the hollow interior of the spray electrode 2 and is sprayed from there through a plurality of cleaning nozzles 7 under comparatively high pressure onto the precipitation electrode 3, particularly in the area around the free end around the spray electrode 2, where the largest amounts of deposits on the precipitation electrode result.
Die Reinigungsflüssigkeit läuft bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel nicht an den Elektrodenwandungen entlang, sondern muss durch den Luftstrom an die Niederschlagselektrode 3 gespritzt werden. Um einen zusätzlichen mechanischen Abreinigungsef- fekt durch Flüssigkeitsreibung zu erreichen, wird die Reinigungsflüssigkeit mit vergleichsweise hohem Druck gegen die Niederschlagselektrode 3 gespritzt. Der vergleichsweise flache Winkel einerseits, unter dem die Reinigungsflüssigkeit auf die Niederschlagselektrode 3 auftritt, und der Betrieb der Reinigungsvorrichtung nur dann, wenn vergleichsweise geringe Luftströmungen in dem Abscheider 1 herrschen, andererseits, stellen gemeinsam sicher, dass kein Sprühnebel der Reinigungsflüssigkeit vom Luftstrom mitgerissen wird und die Abscheidungsleistung verschlechtert, insbesondere, wenn Motoröl als Reinigungsflüs- sigkeit Verwendung findet, welches im Abscheider 1 aus der Entlüftung des Kurbelgehäuses abgeschieden werden soll.In this embodiment, the cleaning liquid does not run along the electrode walls, but must be sprayed onto the precipitation electrode 3 by the air flow. In order to achieve an additional mechanical cleaning effect due to liquid friction, the cleaning liquid is sprayed against the precipitation electrode 3 at a comparatively high pressure. The comparatively flat angle on the one hand, at which the cleaning liquid occurs on the precipitation electrode 3, and the operation of the cleaning device only when there are comparatively small air flows in the separator 1, on the other hand, jointly ensure that no spray of the cleaning liquid is entrained by the air flow and the separation performance deteriorates, especially if engine oil is used as a cleaning liquid is used, which is to be separated in the separator 1 from the ventilation of the crankcase.
Während die Ausführungsbeispiele der Figuren 1 bis 3 stets eine Abreinigung der Niederschlagselektrode 3 vorsehen, stellt Fig. 5 ein Ausführungsbeispiel dar, bei welchem die Sprühelektrode 2 gereinigt wird. Dabei sind in Fig. 5 zwei unterschiedliche Zuführungen der Reinigungsflüssigkeit vorgesehen, die entweder gemäß Fig. 5 gemeinsam, gegebenenfalls jedoch abweichend von Fig. 5 nur einzeln vorgesehen sein können:While the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 3 always provide for cleaning of the precipitation electrode 3, FIG. 5 represents an exemplary embodiment in which the spray electrode 2 is cleaned. 5, two different feeds of the cleaning liquid are provided, which can either be provided jointly according to FIG. 5, but possibly only differently from FIG. 5:
Die Reinigungsflüssigkeit kann entweder durch den hohlen Innenraum der Sprühelektrode 2 geführt werden und an deren unterem Ende durch Austrittsöffnungen 8 an die nadelartige Spitze der Sprühelektrode 2 geführt werden, und / oder die Reinigungsflüssigkeit kann von außen, durch Einspritzbohrungen 9, an die Sprühelektrode 2 angespritzt werden, ähnlich wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 4, die Reinigungsflüssigkeit an die Innenwandung der Niederschlagselektrode gespritzt wird.The cleaning liquid can either be passed through the hollow interior of the spray electrode 2 and, at its lower end, can be passed through outlet openings 8 to the needle-like tip of the spray electrode 2, and / or the cleaning liquid can be sprayed onto the spray electrode 2 from the outside, through injection holes 9 Similar to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, the cleaning liquid is sprayed onto the inner wall of the precipitation electrode.
In Fig. 6 ist eine Schaltung 10 dargestellt, bei welcher symbolartig eine Ölwanne 11 eines Kurbelgehäuses eines Verbrennungsmotors dargestellt ist. Öl wird aus dieser Ölwanne 11 zu einem Ventil 12 gefördert, welches bei einem vorbestimmten ersten Druck P1 öffnet, bei einem vorbestimmten, zweiten, höheren Druck P2 jedoch wieder schließt. Dieses Öl wird in den Elektro-Abscheider 1 zur Reinigung einer oder beider Elektroden 2 bzw. 3 eingespritzt. Die Druckverhältnisse zur Öffnung des Ventils 12 stellen sicher, dass das Ventil stets etwa im Leerlaufbetrieb des Motors öffnet, wenn die Durch- Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten des Elektro-Abscheiders 1 gering sind. Diesem wird, wie bei 14 angedeutet, Luft aus dem Kurbelgehäuse zugeführt, aus welcher die Ölpartikel abgeschieden werden.6 shows a circuit 10 in which an oil pan 11 of a crankcase of an internal combustion engine is shown symbolically. Oil is conveyed from this oil pan 11 to a valve 12, which opens at a predetermined first pressure P1, but closes again at a predetermined, second, higher pressure P2. This oil is injected into the electrical separator 1 for cleaning one or both electrodes 2 and 3. The pressure conditions for opening the valve 12 ensure that the valve always opens when the engine is idling, when the flow rates of the electric separator 1 are low. As indicated at 14, this is supplied with air from the crankcase, from which the oil particles are separated.
Während das von der Reinigung und von der Abscheidung resultierende Öl wie bei 15 angedeutet vom Abscheider 1 zur Öl- wanne 11 zurückgeführt wird, wird der vom Öl gereinigte Luftstrom dem Ansaugtrakt 16 zugeführt.While the oil resulting from the cleaning and the separation as indicated at 15 from the separator 1 to the oil pan 11 is returned, the air stream cleaned of oil is supplied to the intake tract 16.
In Fig. 7 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Schaltung 10 zum Betreiben der Reinigungsvorrichtung des Abscheiders 1 dargestellt. Das Ventil 12 wird hier nicht unmittelbar druckabhängig geöffnet, sondern vielmehr elektrisch betätigt, wobei diese Betätigung aufgrund der in einer Motorsteuerung 17 vorliegenden Parameter gesteuert wird. Die Motorsteuerung 17 verarbeitet beispielsweise Parameter, wie die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors oder den im Ölkreislauf herrschenden Druck.7 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a circuit 10 for operating the cleaning device of the separator 1. The valve 12 is not opened here directly as a function of pressure, but rather is actuated electrically, this actuation being controlled on the basis of the parameters present in an engine control 17. The engine controller 17 processes, for example, parameters such as the speed of the internal combustion engine or the pressure prevailing in the oil circuit.
Abweichend von den dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen kann vorgesehen sein, ein Ausdehnungsgefäß zu verwenden, welches mit einer Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise beim Motoröl, gefüllt wird, wobei die Bewegung des Ausdehnungsgefäßes, abhängig von seinem Füllstand, dazu führt, dass ein mechanisches Abrei- nigungsorgan, welches mit dem Ausdehnungsgefäß verbunden ist, hin und her bewegt wird. Dieses mechanische Abreinigungs- organ kann beispielsweise als Bürste, Membran oder dergleichen ausgestaltet sein und zur Reinigung beispielsweise der Spitze der Sprühelektrode 2 dienen. Wenn das Ausdehnungsgefäß geleert wird, wird das aus diesem Ausdehnungsgefäß gelangende Flüssigkeitsv lumen als Reinigungsflüssigkeit zur Reinigung der jeweils anderen Elektrode, also beispielsweise der Niederschlagselektrode, verwendet. Das Ausdehnungsgefäß kann dabei problemlos einen ausreichenden Druck aufbauen, um beispielsweise die vergleichsweise druckarme tangentiale Einspritzung der Reinigungsflüssigkeit an die Wandung der Niederschlagselektrode zu ermöglichen. In a departure from the illustrated exemplary embodiments, provision can be made to use an expansion vessel which is filled with a liquid, for example in the case of engine oil, the movement of the expansion vessel depending on its fill level resulting in a mechanical cleaning member which is connected to the Expansion vessel is connected, is moved back and forth. This mechanical cleaning element can be configured, for example, as a brush, membrane or the like and can be used for cleaning, for example, the tip of the spray electrode 2. When the expansion vessel is emptied, the liquid volume emerging from this expansion vessel is used as a cleaning fluid for cleaning the other electrode, for example the precipitation electrode. The expansion vessel can easily build up sufficient pressure to enable, for example, the comparatively low-pressure tangential injection of the cleaning liquid onto the wall of the precipitation electrode.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Elektro-Abscheider zum Abscheiden von Öl aus dem Luftstrom der Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftung eines Verbrennungsmotors, mit einer Sprühelektrode, und mit einer Niederschlagselektrode, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass eine Einspritzvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, welche eine1. Electrical separator for separating oil from the air flow of the crankcase ventilation of an internal combustion engine, with a spray electrode, and with a precipitation electrode, characterized in that an injection device is provided, which a
Reinigungsflüssigkeit in den Abscheider (1) auf zumindest eine der beiden Elektroden (2, 3) spritzt.Spraying cleaning liquid in the separator (1) on at least one of the two electrodes (2, 3).
2. Elektro-Abscheider nach Anspruch 1 , gekennzeichnet durch eine Versorgungsleitung (4) zum Zuführen von Öl als Reinigungsflüssigkeit zu der Einspritzvorrichtung.2. Electrical separator according to claim 1, characterized by a supply line (4) for supplying oil as cleaning liquid to the injection device.
3. Elektro-Abscheider nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet. dass der Sprühstrahl der Einspritzvorrichtung auf die Wandung der Elektrode (2, 3) gerichtet ist.3. Electrical separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized. that the spray jet of the injection device is directed onto the wall of the electrode (2, 3).
4. Elektro-Abscheider nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine Schaltung zur intervallartigen Betätigung der Einspritzvorrichtung.4. Electrical separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a circuit for interval-like actuation of the injection device.
5. Elektro-Abscheider nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet. dass die Schaltung die Einspritzvorrichtung bei einer geringen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der den Abscheider (1) durchströmenden Luft aktiviert. Elektro-Abscheider nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch ein Ausdehnungsgefäß zur mechanischen Abreinigung einer Elektrode (2, 3), wie mit einer Bürste, wobei die Abreinigungsbewegung durch ein unterschiedliches Füllvolumen des Ausdehnungsgefäßes erfolgt, und wobei zur Verringerung des Füllvolumens Flüssigkeit aus dem Ausdehnungsgefäß abgezogen wird, und durch eine Versorgungsleitung (4), welche die Flüssigkeit aus dem Ausdehnungsbehälter zu der Einspritzvorrichtung oder zu der Elektrode (2, 3) führt. 5. Electrical separator according to claim 4, characterized. that the circuit activates the injection device at a low flow velocity of the air flowing through the separator (1). Electric separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an expansion vessel for mechanical cleaning of an electrode (2, 3), such as with a brush, the cleaning movement being effected by a different filling volume of the expansion vessel, and wherein liquid from the expansion vessel is used to reduce the filling volume is withdrawn, and through a supply line (4) which leads the liquid from the expansion tank to the injection device or to the electrode (2, 3).
EP03783915A 2002-07-12 2003-07-09 Electric separator with a rinsing cleaning system Expired - Lifetime EP1521638B1 (en)

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DE20211439U 2002-07-12
DE20211439U DE20211439U1 (en) 2002-07-12 2002-07-12 Electric separator with rinsing cleaning
PCT/DE2003/002306 WO2004014561A1 (en) 2002-07-12 2003-07-09 Electric separator with a rinsing cleaning system

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JP4388892B2 (en) 2009-12-24
BR0311468A (en) 2005-03-15
US20050115406A1 (en) 2005-06-02
JP2006516219A (en) 2006-06-29
EP1521638B1 (en) 2006-05-31
BR0311468B1 (en) 2012-03-20
WO2004014561A1 (en) 2004-02-19
DE20211439U1 (en) 2003-11-20
US7115153B2 (en) 2006-10-03
ATE327831T1 (en) 2006-06-15

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