EP1512435A2 - Method and apparatus for extinguishing metal fires - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for extinguishing metal fires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1512435A2
EP1512435A2 EP04018219A EP04018219A EP1512435A2 EP 1512435 A2 EP1512435 A2 EP 1512435A2 EP 04018219 A EP04018219 A EP 04018219A EP 04018219 A EP04018219 A EP 04018219A EP 1512435 A2 EP1512435 A2 EP 1512435A2
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Prior art keywords
extinguishing
extinguishing agent
liquid
fire
metal
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EP04018219A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1512435B1 (en
EP1512435A3 (en
Inventor
Anton Neumeir
Reinhard Effenberger
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HNE Technologie AG
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HNE Technologie AG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C17/00—Hand fire-extinguishers essentially in the form of pistols or rifles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances

Definitions

  • Metal fires namely fire class D fires (magnesium alloys, aluminum alloys, Lithium alloys, sodium, etc.) make a great deal to this day Problem in firefighting. The reason for this is the violent reaction these metals (especially if they are alkali metals) with even the smallest Amounts of water. To accelerate the combustion process enough already in the surrounding high humidity.
  • Metals which are suitable for metal fires are in detail the alkali metals sodium, Potassium, lithium and cesium, further the metals magnesium, calcium and barium, all of which also react violently with water, as well as the metals aluminum, cerium, iridium, Niobium and palladium and also magnesium oxide.
  • Extinguishing media are salt (sodium chloride-potassium chloride), extinguishing powder fire class D, sand and gray cast chips. This can only be done covering the burning metal become. A deletion process as such is not present with all these extinguishing agents possible. If the burning metal but only covered by the extinguishing agent, the Delete process for several hours, even days. This poses for metal processors an untenable condition.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a method for extinguishing metal fires at least to a considerable extent with the identified problems can be avoided.
  • the invention operates in contrast to the prior art with a liquid extinguishing agent, which is completely anhydrous and therefore not the risk of fire acceleration is subject to water-reactive metals.
  • the liquid extinguishing agent also has no components caused by dissociation or other reactions during the deletion process contain a potential danger.
  • the liquid extinguishing agent used in the process according to the invention consists in essentially of polydimethyl siloxane with solids and perfluoro-polyether. It So it is constructed so that it contains no water components. This makes it possible to extinguish the metal fires described above without causing the dissociation of Water or dangerous reactions occurs during the extinguishing process.
  • the example of sodium gives, for example, the following reaction formula: R - [(CH 3 ) 2 Si- O- Si (CH) 3 ) 2 ] n + 2n Na + 1 / 2n O 2 -> 2n R- (CH 3 ) 2 Si- O 2 (-) + 2n Na (+) where R denotes the radical and n denotes the length of the polymer chain.
  • reaction formula Polydimethylsiloxane + alkali metal + oxygen ⁇ dimethylsilicate of the alkali metal
  • the first two effects namely the consumption of oxygen and the Consumption of alkali metal, minimize the available amount of combustible or oxidizing Substance, and the latter effect, namely the formation of a glazing-like Layer above the source of fire, at the same time insulates the entry of new atmospheric oxygen one. Furthermore, the forming glass-like layer due to the relative Good heat conduction for rapid cooling of the fire.
  • the abovementioned solids fractions for polydimethyl siloxane can be, for example Melanin or boron and should not exceed 10% of the volume. These solids are helpful in covering the source of the fire to stop unwanted reactions.
  • the liquid extinguishing agent may also contain perfluoro-polyether. This is not involved in the silicate formation reaction described above, but has a strong Cooling effect, which is known to be extremely important for firefighting.
  • the liquid extinguishing agent it is also essential to apply the liquid extinguishing agent carefully metered onto the burning metal. If the liquid extinguishing agent applied too vigorously, for example in surge form or full jet form, for example, on burning or liquid sodium, it may possibly lead to a reaction with the liquid metal, with the result that the fire is no longer manageable. It is also essential that when applying the liquid extinguishing agent to the burning metal, such as magnesium, the amount of extinguishing agent supplied is in a certain proportion to the mass of the metal, so that no unwanted reactions of the burning metal can be caused.
  • liquid extinguishing agent described above has a relatively high viscosity of 100 to 350 mPa.s, this requires the application of a correspondingly high pressure for generating the fine extinguishing agent jets, if this one should have good throw.
  • the extinguishing device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention works with an operating pressure of at least 10 bar. This can be done with the liquid Extinguishing agent a throw of about 4 m can be achieved, which is a larger for the user Safety during the deletion process means.
  • Previously known metal fire extinguishers (Pulverlöschella) have a throw of only a maximum of about 0.5 m, so that the User is at risk because of the immediate proximity to the fire to a high degree.
  • the serving for carrying out the method extinguishing device according to the invention may be a with Charging pressure working fire extinguisher with an extinguishing agent tank in which the liquid Extinguishing agent is subjected to the appropriate operating pressure, an extinguishing agent hose and an extinguishing agent head having a nozzle assembly through a plurality of fine extinguishing agent jets are generated, which are preferably somewhat perpendicular be focused on the fire surface.
  • the working pressure of the extinguisher should, as already mentioned, preferably at least 10 bar to preferably about 34 lie bar.
  • the extinguishing pistol 1 has a nozzle head 2 in the form of a projecting from the extinguishing gun longer tubular body.
  • Whose front end portion 3 can, as seen in the drawing, angled slightly upwards be, for example, about 30 °, and know on its underside a variety of fine discharge nozzles for generating thin extinguishing agent jets, which substantially emerge perpendicular to the erase head end piece 3.
  • the extinguishing pistol held so be that the extinguishing agent impinges approximately vertically from above the fire. This applies both when the firing pistol is essentially directly above the source of the fire held, even if the extinguishing pistol is held so obliquely upwards, that a throw of the extinguishing agent beam of a few meters is achieved and the Extinguishing agent jet runs in the arc and then turn about vertically from above on the burning metal impinges.
  • the nozzle configuration of the extinguishing device according to the invention also allows an effective Extinguishing metalworking machines in which metal fires occur because the Extinguishing agent can also be effectively placed in the narrowest column of machinery, in which can be burning metal chips.
  • the erase device is designed so that it quickly by the operator himself is refillable and ready for use immediately.
  • the invention described above thus brings significant advantages in the fight against Metal fires.
  • the extinguishing agent for the fire class D can the extinguisher be very simple and operate.
  • the fire is going through The special nozzle configuration carefully dosed with extinguishing liquid applied. Thereby wetting of the surface takes place, ie a deletion process in the true sense, and, in addition, the combustible material as well as adjacent areas are affected by the liquid Extinguishing agent cooled.
  • liquid extinguishing agent By using the liquid extinguishing agent also eliminates the previously when using extinguishing powder very problematic heavy contamination of production machines and plants, thus reducing the hitherto large downtime and cleaning of production machines can be largely avoided.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

Method for extinguishing metal fires involves application of a completely waterless liquid extinguishing agent which reacts with the burning metal, by bonding the air oxygen and forming an incombustible compound. The extinguishing agent is sprayed as multiple fine jets from above onto the source of fire. An independent claim is also included for an extinguishing device for use in the above method.

Description

Metallbrände, nämlich Brände der Brandklasse D (Magnesiumlegierungen, Aluminiumlegierungen, Lithiumlegierungen, Natrium usw.) stellen bis zum heutigen Tage ein großes Problem in der Brandbekämpfung dar. Der Grund dafür liegt in dem heftigen Reagieren dieser Metalle (besonders wenn es sich dabei um Alkalimetalle handelt) mit bereits kleinsten Wassermengen. Zur Beschleunigung des Verbrennungsvorgangs reicht schon eine in der Umgebung vorhandene hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit aus.Metal fires, namely fire class D fires (magnesium alloys, aluminum alloys, Lithium alloys, sodium, etc.) make a great deal to this day Problem in firefighting. The reason for this is the violent reaction these metals (especially if they are alkali metals) with even the smallest Amounts of water. To accelerate the combustion process enough already in the surrounding high humidity.

Metalle, die für Metallbrände in Frage kommen, sind im einzelnen die Alkalimetalle Natrium, Kalium, Lithium und Cäsium, weiter die Metalle Magnesium, Kalzium und Barium, die alle ebenfalls heftig mit Wasser reagieren, sowie die Metalle Aluminium, Zer, Iridium, Niob und Palladium und auch Magnesiumoxid.Metals which are suitable for metal fires are in detail the alkali metals sodium, Potassium, lithium and cesium, further the metals magnesium, calcium and barium, all of which also react violently with water, as well as the metals aluminum, cerium, iridium, Niobium and palladium and also magnesium oxide.

Durch den vermehrten technischen Einsatz solcher Metalllegierungen, beispielsweise gerade auch im Automobilbereich, verstärkt sich das Problem der Brandbekämpfung ganz erheblich, da gerade von Spänen, die bei der spangebenden Formgebung von Bauteilen aus solchen Legierungen anfallen, eine erhebliche Brandgefahr ausgeht. Die Automobilhersteller arbeiten gegenwärtig weltweit am vermehrten Einsatz von Magnesiumbauteilen in den Fahrzeugen, beispielsweise in Motoren, Getriebe, Achsen, Türen usw. Daraus resultiert auch, dass bei Verkehrsunfällen mit solchen Fahrzeugen heute und insbesondere in der Zukunft eine erhöhte Brandgefahr besteht, mit dem erheblichen Problem, dass gegenwärtig Rettungskräfte solche Brände noch nicht zielgerichtet bekämpfen können. Die Feuerwehren verfügen bis zum heutigen Tage über kein geeignetes Löschmittel, um gegen Brände dieser Art wirksam vorgehen zu können. Due to the increased technical use of such metal alloys, for example straight also in the automotive sector, the problem of firefighting intensifies completely Significant because of chips that are used in the machining of components incurred such alloys, posing a significant fire hazard. The car manufacturers are currently working worldwide to increase the use of magnesium components in the Vehicles, for example in engines, transmissions, axles, doors, etc. This results also that in traffic accidents with such vehicles today and in particular in the Future there is an increased fire hazard, with the significant problem that currently Rescue forces can not fight such fires yet purposefully. The fire departments to this day have no suitable extinguishing agent to fight fires to be effective in this way.

Die Verbrennungstemperaturen der oben genannten Metalllegierungen liegen bei weit über 2000 Grad Celsius. Dies führt beim Zusammentreffen mit Wasser zur Dissoziation der Wassermoleküle, die in Wasserstoff und Sauerstoff aufgespalten werden. Diese Aufspaltung kann zur Knallgasbildung führen, was ein zusätzliches Gefahrenpotential bedeutet.The combustion temperatures of the above-mentioned metal alloys are far in excess 2000 degrees Celsius. This leads to the dissociation of the water when it meets with water Water molecules that are split into hydrogen and oxygen. This split can lead to oxyhydrogen gas formation, which means an additional hazard potential.

Beim Löschen von Metallbränden mit heute bekannten Löschmitteln spricht man nicht von einem eigentlichen Löschvorgang, sondern nur von einem Abdecken, was mit der Natur der bis heute verwendeten Löschmittel zusammenhängt. Die gegenwärtig verwendeten Löschmittel sind Salz (Natriumchlorid-Kaliumchlorid), Löschpulver Brandklasse D, Sand und Graugussspäne. Damit kann nur ein Abdecken des brennenden Metalls vorgenommen werden. Ein Löschvorgang als solcher ist mit all diesen Löschmitteln gegenwärtig nicht möglich. Wird das brennende Metall aber nur von dem Löschmittel abgedeckt, kann der Löschvorgang mehrere Stunden, ja sogar Tage dauern. Dies stellt für Metallverarbeiter einen unhaltbaren Zustand dar.When extinguishing metal fires with extinguishing agents known today one does not speak of an actual deletion process, but only by covering what's with nature the extinguishing agent used to date is related. The currently used Extinguishing media are salt (sodium chloride-potassium chloride), extinguishing powder fire class D, sand and gray cast chips. This can only be done covering the burning metal become. A deletion process as such is not present with all these extinguishing agents possible. If the burning metal but only covered by the extinguishing agent, the Delete process for several hours, even days. This poses for metal processors an untenable condition.

Der Einsatz bisher bekannter Löschpulver hat weiter den Nachteil, dass in sehr hohem Maße eine Verunreinigung der Fertigungsanlagen auftritt, wenn ein Brand im Bereich einer Fertigungsanlage zu löschen ist. Dies bedingt langwierige und aufwendige Reinigungsarbeiten und daher große Ausfallzeiten der teuren Fertigungsanlagen. Weiter resultiert aus der Staubbildung bei der Brandbekämpfung mit Pulver auch eine entsprechende Gesundheitsgefährdung des Löschpersonals, da der feine Pulverstaub nach dem Einatmen in der Lunge verbleibt und nicht mehr ausgeschieden werden kann.The use of previously known extinguishing powder has the further disadvantage that to a very high degree A contamination of the manufacturing equipment occurs when a fire in the area of a Production plant is to be deleted. This requires lengthy and expensive cleaning and therefore large downtime of expensive manufacturing equipment. Next results from Dust formation in firefighting with powder also a corresponding health hazard of the firefighting personnel, since the fine powder dust after inhalation in the Lungs remain and can no longer be excreted.

Auch Graugrußspäne als Abdeckmittel für Metallbrände weisen erhebliche Unzulänglichkeiten in der Handhabung auf. Große deutsche Automobilhersteller halten für evtl. Metallbrandfälle große Mengen an Graugussspänen vor. Ein erhebliches Problem in Verbindung mit Graugussspänen ist aber das Auftreten von Korrosion in Verbindung mit Luftsauerstoff. Werden diese rostigen Späne auf beispielsweise brennende Magnesiumspäne aufgebracht, kann dies wiederum zu unerwünschten Reaktionen führen. Diese auftretenden Reaktionen sind auf das Eisenoxid zurückzuführen (Rost hat die chemische Formel FeO(OH)). Bei starkem Erhitzen wird Wasser frei, und dieses aus dem Eisenoxid frei werdende Wasser führt wiederum zu entsprechenden Reaktionen mit dem Magnesium. Also Graugrußspäne as covering for metal fires have significant shortcomings in handling. Large German car manufacturers consider possible metal fires large quantities of gray castor chips. A significant problem in connection with gray cast iron chips, however, is the occurrence of corrosion in conjunction with atmospheric oxygen. If these rusty chips are applied to, for example, burning magnesium chips, This in turn can lead to unwanted reactions. These occurring reactions are due to the iron oxide (rust has the chemical formula FeO (OH)). Upon heavy heating, water is released, and this is released from the iron oxide Water in turn leads to corresponding reactions with the magnesium.

Ein ähnliches Problem stellt sich auch mit dem Löschmittel Sand dar, da dieser in absolut trockenem Zustand aufbewahrt werden muß. Feuchter Sand führt zu den gleichen Erscheinungen wie oxidierte Graugussspäne.A similar problem arises with the extinguishing agent sand, since this in absolute dry state must be kept. Damp sand leads to the same phenomena like oxidized gray cast-iron shavings.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Löschen von Metallbränden zu schaffen, mit dem die aufgezeigten Probleme zumindest in erheblichem Umfang vermieden werden können.The invention is therefore based on the object, a method for extinguishing metal fires at least to a considerable extent with the identified problems can be avoided.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch das im Anspruch 1 angegebene Verfahren gelöst. Ein Gerät zur Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist Gegenstand des unabhängigen Vorrichtungsanspruchs.This object is achieved according to the invention by the method specified in claim 1 solved. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention is the subject of independent device claim.

Die Erfindung arbeitet im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik mit einem flüssigen Löschmittel, das vollkommen wasserfrei ist und dadurch nicht der Gefahr der Brandbeschleunigung bei mit Wasser reagierenden Metallen unterliegt. Das flüssige Löschmittel hat auch keine Bestandteile, die durch Dissoziierung oder sonstige Reaktionen während des Löschvorgangs ein Gefahrenpotential beinhalten.The invention operates in contrast to the prior art with a liquid extinguishing agent, which is completely anhydrous and therefore not the risk of fire acceleration is subject to water-reactive metals. The liquid extinguishing agent also has no components caused by dissociation or other reactions during the deletion process contain a potential danger.

Das bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren verwendete flüssige Löschmittel besteht im wesentlichen aus Polydimethyl-Siloxan mit Feststoffanteilen sowie Perfluor-Polyäther. Es ist also so aufgebaut, daß darin keine Wasserbestandteile enthalten sind. Damit ist es möglich, die oben beschriebenen Metallbrände zu löschen, ohne daß es zur Dissoziation von Wasser oder gefährlichen Reaktionen während des Löschvorgangs kommt.The liquid extinguishing agent used in the process according to the invention consists in essentially of polydimethyl siloxane with solids and perfluoro-polyether. It So it is constructed so that it contains no water components. This makes it possible to extinguish the metal fires described above without causing the dissociation of Water or dangerous reactions occurs during the extinguishing process.

Das Löschprinzip dieses flüssigen Löschmittels beruht darauf, daß das Polydimethyl-Siloxan zur Silikatbildung führt, die durch die thermische Zersetzung der Alkalimetalle bzw. der Alkalimetallverbindungen und die Anwesenheit von brandförderndem Luftsauerstoff ausgelöst wird.The extinguishing principle of this liquid extinguishing agent based on the fact that the polydimethyl siloxane leads to the silicate formation caused by the thermal decomposition of the alkali metals or the alkali metal compounds and the presence of fire-promoting atmospheric oxygen is triggered.

Am Beispiel von Natrium ergibt sich beispielsweise folgende Reaktionsformel: R-[(CH3)2Si-O-Si(CH)3)2]n+ 2n Na + 1/2n O2-> 2n R-(CH3)2Si-O 2(-) + 2n Na (+) wobei R den Rest bezeichnet und n die Länge der Polymerkette bezeichnet.The example of sodium gives, for example, the following reaction formula: R - [(CH 3 ) 2 Si- O- Si (CH) 3 ) 2 ] n + 2n Na + 1 / 2n O 2 -> 2n R- (CH 3 ) 2 Si- O 2 (-) + 2n Na (+) where R denotes the radical and n denotes the length of the polymer chain.

Allgemein ausgedrückt, lautet die Reaktionsformel also: Polydimethylsiloxan + Alkalimetall + Sauerstoff → Dimethylsilikat des Alkalimetalls Generally speaking, the reaction formula is: Polydimethylsiloxane + alkali metal + oxygen → dimethylsilicate of the alkali metal

Diese Silikatbildung erzeugt drei für den Löscherfolg wesentliche Wirkungen:

  • Verbrauch des verbrennungsfördernden Sauerstoffs,
  • Verbrauch des brennenden Alkalimetalls, und
  • Ausbildung einer verglasungsähnlichen Schicht über dem Brandherd.
This silicate formation produces three effects that are significant for the extinguishing effect:
  • Consumption of combustion-promoting oxygen,
  • Consumption of the burning alkali metal, and
  • Formation of a glazing-like layer over the fire.

Die beiden erstgenannten Wirkungen, nämlich der Verbrauch von Sauerstoff und der Verbrauch von Alkalimetall, minimieren die verfügbare Menge an brennbarer bzw. brandfördernder Substanz, und die letztgenannte Wirkung, nämlich die Ausbildung einer verglasungsähnlichen Schicht über dem Brandherd, dämmt zugleich den Zutritt von neuem Luftsauerstoff ein. Ferner trägt die sich ausbildende glasähnliche Schicht aufgrund der relativ guten Wärmeleitung zur schnellen Abkühlung des Brandherds bei.The first two effects, namely the consumption of oxygen and the Consumption of alkali metal, minimize the available amount of combustible or oxidizing Substance, and the latter effect, namely the formation of a glazing-like Layer above the source of fire, at the same time insulates the entry of new atmospheric oxygen one. Furthermore, the forming glass-like layer due to the relative Good heat conduction for rapid cooling of the fire.

Die oben erwähnten Feststoffanteile zum Polydimethyl-Siloxan können beispielsweise Melanin oder Bor sein und sollten maximal 10% des Volumens ausmachen. Diese Feststoffanteile sind hilfreich beim Abdecken des Brandherd zum Bremsen unerwünschter Reaktionen.The abovementioned solids fractions for polydimethyl siloxane can be, for example Melanin or boron and should not exceed 10% of the volume. These solids are helpful in covering the source of the fire to stop unwanted reactions.

Wie oben erwähnt, kann das flüssige Löschmittel auch Perfluor-Polyäther enthalten. Dieser ist nicht an der oben beschriebenen Silikatbildungsreaktion beteiligt, hat aber eine stark kühlende Wirkung, was zur Brandbekämpfung bekanntlich außerordentlich wichtig ist.As mentioned above, the liquid extinguishing agent may also contain perfluoro-polyether. This is not involved in the silicate formation reaction described above, but has a strong Cooling effect, which is known to be extremely important for firefighting.

Für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist es auch wesentlich, das flüssige Löschmittel vorsichtig dosiert auf das brennende Metall aufzubringen. Wird das flüssige Löschmittel zu heftig, beispielsweise in Schwallform oder Vollstrahlform, aufgetragen, beispielsweise auf brennendes bzw. flüssiges Natrium, kann es möglicherweise zu einer Reaktion mit dem flüssigen Metall kommen, mit der Folge, dass der Brand nicht mehr beherrschbar ist. Wesentlich ist außerdem, dass beim Auftragen des flüssigen Löschmittels auf das brennende Metall, beispielsweise Magnesiumspäne, die zugeführte Löschmittelmenge in einem gewissen Verhältnis zur Masse des Metalls steht, damit keine unerwünschten Reaktionen des brennenden Metalls hervorgerufen werden können. Die Löschintensität I als pro Zeiteinheit aufgebrachte Löschmittelmenge kann folgendermaßen definiert werden: Löschintensität I = VLöschmittel/tlösch x ABrand wobei I die Löschintensität, V die Löschmittelmenge (Löschmittelvolumen), t die Löschzeit (Aufbringungsdauer), und A die Brandoberfläche ist.For the process according to the invention, it is also essential to apply the liquid extinguishing agent carefully metered onto the burning metal. If the liquid extinguishing agent applied too vigorously, for example in surge form or full jet form, for example, on burning or liquid sodium, it may possibly lead to a reaction with the liquid metal, with the result that the fire is no longer manageable. It is also essential that when applying the liquid extinguishing agent to the burning metal, such as magnesium, the amount of extinguishing agent supplied is in a certain proportion to the mass of the metal, so that no unwanted reactions of the burning metal can be caused. The extinguishing intensity I as amount of extinguishing agent applied per unit time can be defined as follows: Extinguishing intensity I = V extinguishing Media / t deleted x A fire where I is the erasing intensity, V is the amount of extinguishing agent (extinguishing agent volume), t is the extinguishing time (application time), and A is the firing surface.

Diesen Kriterien wird dadurch Rechnung getragen, dass nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren das flüssige Löschmittel in Gestalt feiner Löschmittelstrahlen auf den Brandherd aufgebracht wird.These criteria are taken into account by the fact that according to the invention Process the liquid extinguishing agent in the form of fine extinguishing agent jets to the source of the fire is applied.

Da das oben beschriebene flüssige Löschmittel eine relativ hohe Viskosität von 100 bis 350 mPa.s hat, erfordert dies bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Anwendung eines entsprechend hohen Drucks zum Erzeugen der feinen Löschmittelstrahlen, wenn diese eine gute Wurfweite haben sollen.Since the liquid extinguishing agent described above has a relatively high viscosity of 100 to 350 mPa.s, this requires the application of a correspondingly high pressure for generating the fine extinguishing agent jets, if this one should have good throw.

Das erfindungsgemäße Löschgerät zur Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens arbeitet mit einem Betriebsdruck von mindestens 10 bar. Damit kann mit dem flüssigen Löschmittel eine Wurfweite von ca. 4 m erzielt werden, was für den Anwender eine größere Sicherheit während des Löschvorgangs bedeutet. Bisher bekannte Metallbrandlöschgeräte (Pulverlöschgeräte) haben eine Wurfweite von nur maximal etwa 0,5 m, so daß der Anwender wegen der unmittelbaren Nähe zum Brandherd in hohem Maße gefährdet wird.The extinguishing device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention works with an operating pressure of at least 10 bar. This can be done with the liquid Extinguishing agent a throw of about 4 m can be achieved, which is a larger for the user Safety during the deletion process means. Previously known metal fire extinguishers (Pulverlöschgeräte) have a throw of only a maximum of about 0.5 m, so that the User is at risk because of the immediate proximity to the fire to a high degree.

Das zur Ausführung des Verfahrens dienende Löschgerät nach der Erfindung kann ein mit Aufladedruck arbeitendes Feuerlöschgerät mit einem Löschmittelbehälter, in dem das flüssige Löschmittel mit dem entsprechenden Betriebsdruck beaufschlagt wird, einem Löschmittelschlauch und einem Löschmittelkopf mit einer Düsenanordnung aufweisen, durch den eine Vielzahl feiner Löschmittelstrahlen erzeugt werden, die vorzugsweise etwas senkrecht auf die Brandherdoberfläche gerichtet werden. Der Arbeitsdruck des Löschgeräts sollte, wie schon erwähnt, vorzugsweise bei mindestens 10 bar bis vorzugsweise etwa 34 bar liegen.The serving for carrying out the method extinguishing device according to the invention may be a with Charging pressure working fire extinguisher with an extinguishing agent tank in which the liquid Extinguishing agent is subjected to the appropriate operating pressure, an extinguishing agent hose and an extinguishing agent head having a nozzle assembly through a plurality of fine extinguishing agent jets are generated, which are preferably somewhat perpendicular be focused on the fire surface. The working pressure of the extinguisher should, as already mentioned, preferably at least 10 bar to preferably about 34 lie bar.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die anliegende Zeichnung mehr im einzelnen beschrieben, die schematisch eine Person mit einer Löschpistole des erfindungsgemäßen Löschgeräts zeigt, wobei der Löschmittelschlauch abgebrochen dargestellt und der Löschmittelbehälter der Übersichtlichkeit halber weggelassen ist.The invention will be more in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings single described, which schematically a person with a fire pistol of the invention Extinguisher shows, with the extinguishing agent hose shown aborted and the extinguishing agent container is omitted for clarity.

Von besonderer Bedeutung ist die Düsenanordnung bzw. Düsenkonfiguration an der Löschpistole 1 des erfindungsgemäßen Löschgeräts. Die Löschpistole 1 weist einen Düsenkopf 2 in Gestalt eines von der Löschpistole wegragenden längeren Rohrkörpers auf. Dessen vorderer Endteil 3 kann, wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich, etwas nach oben abgewinkelt sein, beispielsweise um ca. 30°, und weißt an seiner Unterseite eine Vielzahl von feinen Austrittsdüsen zur Erzeugung dünner Löschmittelstrahlen auf, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zum Löschkopf-Endstück 3 austreten.Of particular importance is the nozzle arrangement or nozzle configuration on the Fire extinguisher 1 of the extinguishing device according to the invention. The extinguishing pistol 1 has a nozzle head 2 in the form of a projecting from the extinguishing gun longer tubular body. Whose front end portion 3 can, as seen in the drawing, angled slightly upwards be, for example, about 30 °, and know on its underside a variety of fine discharge nozzles for generating thin extinguishing agent jets, which substantially emerge perpendicular to the erase head end piece 3.

Damit kann, was beim Löschen von Metallbränden wichtig ist, die Löschpistole so gehalten werden, daß das Löschmittel annähernd vertikal von oben auf den Brandherd auftrifft. Dies gilt sowohl dann, wenn die Löschpistole im wesentlichen direkt über den Brandherd gehalten wird, also auch dann, wenn die Löschpistole so schräg nach oben gehalten wird, daß eine Wurfweite des Löschmittelstrahls von einigen Metern erreicht wird und der Löschmittelstrahl im Bogen verläuft und dann wiederum etwa senkrecht von oben auf das brennende Metall auftrifft.Thus, what is important in extinguishing metal fires, the extinguishing pistol held so be that the extinguishing agent impinges approximately vertically from above the fire. This applies both when the firing pistol is essentially directly above the source of the fire held, even if the extinguishing pistol is held so obliquely upwards, that a throw of the extinguishing agent beam of a few meters is achieved and the Extinguishing agent jet runs in the arc and then turn about vertically from above on the burning metal impinges.

Die Düsenkonfiguration des erfindungsgemäßen Löschgeräts ermöglicht auch ein effektives Löschen an Metallbearbeitungsmaschinen, in denen Metallbrände auftreten, da das Löschmittel effektiv auch in engste Spalte der Maschinen eingebracht werden kann, in denen sich brennende Metallspäne befinden können. The nozzle configuration of the extinguishing device according to the invention also allows an effective Extinguishing metalworking machines in which metal fires occur because the Extinguishing agent can also be effectively placed in the narrowest column of machinery, in which can be burning metal chips.

Da, wie oben schon ausgeführt, ein Metallbrand, z.B. brennendes und gegebenenfalls flüssiges Natrium, sehr vorsichtig mit Löschmittel beaufschlagt werden muß, darf die Durchflußrate für ein Metallbrandlöschgerät bei maximal etwa 301/min liegen. Arbeitsdruck des Löschgeräts und Düsenkonfiguration müssen also so aufeinander abgestimmt werden, daß man eine geeignete Durchflussrate erhält, denn nur so kann der richtige Löscherfolg erreicht werden.As stated above, since a metal fire, e.g. burning and possibly liquid Sodium, must be handled very carefully with extinguishing agent, the flow rate for a metal fire extinguisher at a maximum of about 301 / min. Working pressure of Extinguisher and nozzle configuration must therefore be coordinated so that you get a suitable flow rate, because only then can the correct extinguishing success achieved become.

Vorzugsweise ist das Löschgerät so ausgebildet, daß es vom Betreiber schnell selbst wieder befüllbar ist und sofort wieder zum Einsatz bereit steht.Preferably, the erase device is designed so that it quickly by the operator himself is refillable and ready for use immediately.

Die oben beschriebene Erfindung bringt also erhebliche Vorteile bei der Bekämpfung von Metallbränden. Durch den Einsatz des flüssigen Löschmittels für die Brandklasse D kann das Löschgerät sehr einfach aufgebaut sein und betrieben werden. Der Brand wird durch die spezielle Düsenkonfiguration vorsichtig dosiert mit Löschflüssigkeit beaufschlagt. Dadurch findet ein Benetzen der Oberfläche statt, also ein Löschvorgang im eigentlichen Sinne, und außerdem wird das Brandgut sowie benachbarte Flächen durch das flüssige Löschmittel gekühlt.The invention described above thus brings significant advantages in the fight against Metal fires. By using the liquid extinguishing agent for the fire class D can the extinguisher be very simple and operate. The fire is going through The special nozzle configuration carefully dosed with extinguishing liquid applied. Thereby wetting of the surface takes place, ie a deletion process in the true sense, and, in addition, the combustible material as well as adjacent areas are affected by the liquid Extinguishing agent cooled.

Aufgrund des flüssigen Löschmittels können Metallbrände zielgerichtet abgelöscht werden, was bis heute nicht möglich war. Gerade auch für Personal an Fertigungsmaschinen ist es nunmehr möglich, spontan auftretende Brände von Metallspänen usw. schnellstmöglich und zielgenau zu löschen. Damit wird auch der bisher bei Metallbränden stets bestehenden Gefahr wirksam begegnet, daß in der Nähe befindliche andere Maschinen oder Anlagen aufgrund der hohen Verbrennungstemperaturen der Metalle ebenfalls in Brand gesetzt werden, weil bisher mit Metallbrandlöschpulver diese Brände nicht wirksam gelöscht werden konnten.Due to the liquid extinguishing agent, metal fires can be extinguished purposefully, which was not possible until today. Especially for personnel at production machines it is now possible spontaneously occurring fires of metal shavings, etc. as soon as possible and delete exactly. This is also the always existing in metal fires Danger effectively counteracted that located nearby other machines or Installations also on fire due to the high combustion temperatures of the metals be set because so far with metal fire extinguishing powder these fires are not effectively deleted could become.

Durch Einsatz des flüssigen Löschmittels entfällt auch die bisher beim Einsatz von Löschpulver sehr problematische starke Verunreinigung von Fertigungsmaschinen und Anlagen, wodurch die bisher großen Ausfallzeiten und Reinigungsarbeiten von Fertigungsmaschinen weitgehend vermieden werden können.By using the liquid extinguishing agent also eliminates the previously when using extinguishing powder very problematic heavy contamination of production machines and plants, thus reducing the hitherto large downtime and cleaning of production machines can be largely avoided.

Claims (9)

Verfahren zum Löschen von Metallbränden durch Aufbringen eines Löschmittels auf den Brandherd, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein vollkommen wasserfreies flüssiges Löschmittel verwendet wird, das mit dem brennenden Metall unter Bindung von Luftsauerstoff und Bildung einer nicht brennbaren Verbindung reagiert, und daß das flüssige Löschmittel in Gestalt einer Vielzahl feiner Löschmittelstrahlen im wesentlichen von oben auf den Brandherd aufgebracht wird.A method for extinguishing metal fires by applying an extinguishing agent to the fire, characterized in that a completely anhydrous liquid extinguishing agent is used, which reacts with the burning metal with binding of atmospheric oxygen and formation of a non-combustible compound, and that the liquid extinguishing agent in the form of a Variety of fine extinguishing agent jets is applied substantially from the top of the fire. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als flüssiges Löschmittel Polydimethyl-Siloxan eingesetzt wird.Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that polydimethylsiloxane is used as the liquid extinguishing agent. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das flüssige Löschmittel auch Feststoffanteile wie Melamin und/oder Bor mit einem Mengenanteil bis zu etwa 10% enthält.A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the liquid extinguishing agent also contains solids such as melamine and / or boron in a proportion of up to about 10%. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das flüssige Löschmittel außerdem Perfluorpolyäther enthält.A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the liquid extinguishing agent also contains perfluoropolyether. Löschgerät zur Ausführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, welches eine Löschpistole (1) mit einem Düsenkopf (2, 3) aufweist, der eine Vielzahl nebeneinander angeordneter feiner Durchtrittsdüsen aufweist, die im wesentlichen parallele feine Löschmittelstrahlen erzeugen.Extinguishing apparatus for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 4, which an extinguishing pistol (1) having a nozzle head (2, 3), a plurality of side by side arranged fine passage nozzles, the substantially parallel fine Create extinguishing agent jets. Löschgerät nach Anspruch 5, wobei der Löschkopf (2) ein von der Löschpistole (1) wegragender Rohrkörper mit einem etwa flachen Endstück (3) ist, in welchem die Düsen an einer Seite so angeordnet sind, daß die Löschmittelstrahlen etwa senkrecht zur Orientierung des Endstücks austreten. Extinguishing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the extinguishing head (2) is one of the extinguishing pistol (1). Wegragender tubular body with an approximately flat end piece (3), in which the nozzles are arranged on one side so that the extinguishing agent jets are approximately perpendicular to Orientation of the tail exit. Löschgerät nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Endstück (3) des rohrförmigen Löschkopfs (2) mit Bezug auf den übrigen Rohrkörper des Löschkopfs (2) etwas nach oben abgewinkelt ist.Extinguishing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the end piece (3) of the tubular erasing head (2) is angled slightly upwards with respect to the remaining tubular body of the erasing head (2). Löschgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arbeitsdruck etwa 10 bis 34 bar beträgt.Extinguishing device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the working pressure is about 10 to 34 bar. Löschgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein Aufladedruckgerät mit einem Behälter für das flüssige Löschmittel ist, der eine separate, druckdicht verschließbare Einfüllöffnung für das flüssige Löschmittel hat.Extinguishing apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that it is a supercharging pressure device with a container for the liquid extinguishing agent, which has a separate, pressure-tight closable filling opening for the liquid extinguishing agent.
EP04018219A 2003-09-08 2004-07-31 Method and apparatus for extinguishing metal fires Not-in-force EP1512435B1 (en)

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DE10341382 2003-09-08
DE10341382A DE10341382A1 (en) 2003-09-08 2003-09-08 Method and apparatus for extinguishing metal fires

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AT (1) ATE382400T1 (en)
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RU190725U1 (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-10 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)" (ФГАОУ ВО "ЮУрГУ (НИУ)") Fire prevention device

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ATE382400T1 (en) 2008-01-15
US7604065B2 (en) 2009-10-20
AU2004210505B2 (en) 2009-01-22
EP1512435B1 (en) 2008-01-02
EP1512435A3 (en) 2005-04-27
DE502004005808D1 (en) 2008-02-14
AU2004210505A1 (en) 2005-03-24
DE10341382A1 (en) 2005-03-31
US20050077056A1 (en) 2005-04-14

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