EP1509739B1 - Heat carrier and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Heat carrier and method for the production thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1509739B1
EP1509739B1 EP03735361A EP03735361A EP1509739B1 EP 1509739 B1 EP1509739 B1 EP 1509739B1 EP 03735361 A EP03735361 A EP 03735361A EP 03735361 A EP03735361 A EP 03735361A EP 1509739 B1 EP1509739 B1 EP 1509739B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
edges
flat tube
edge strips
heat exchanger
tube ends
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03735361A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1509739A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Demuth
Martin Kotsch
Karl-Heinz Staffa
Christoph Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1509739A1 publication Critical patent/EP1509739A1/en
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Publication of EP1509739B1 publication Critical patent/EP1509739B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • B21C37/0803—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams the tubes having a special shape, e.g. polygonal tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
    • B21C37/292—Forming collars by drawing or pushing a rigid forming tool through an opening in the tube wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/10—Piercing billets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/025—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with variable shape, e.g. with modified tube ends, with different geometrical features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0243—Header boxes having a circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/182—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding the heat-exchange conduits having ends with a particular shape, e.g. deformed; the heat-exchange conduits or end plates having supplementary joining means, e.g. abutments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49364—Tube joined to flat sheet longitudinally, i.e., tube sheet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger with at least one manifold for receiving flat tube ends according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim. 6
  • the one by the DE-A 198 46 267 the applicant has become known heat exchanger has a manifold with a longitudinally extending slot, which flat tube ends, which are rotated relative to the flat tubes by 90 degrees, receives.
  • the flat tube ends are arranged abruptly one after the other in the longitudinal slot and are soldered in a fluid-tight manner to the collecting tube.
  • the pipe pitch ie, the distance of the flat tubes arranged parallel to this heat exchanger is limited, namely to the depth of the flat tubes (extension in the air flow direction).
  • the height of the ribs, which are arranged between the flat tubes set.
  • the US 5214847 which shows the features according to the preamble of claim 1, discloses a manifold of a condenser, wherein openings for flat tubes are introduced in the region of a parting line.
  • the collecting tube has a longitudinal longitudinal seam running through in the longitudinal direction or a longitudinal slot in which receiving openings for the flat tube ends are formed at predetermined intervals.
  • the collection tube is thus formed as a longitudinally slotted open hollow profile, in which the edges of the longitudinal slot partially abut directly against each other and are soldered in this area and partially deformed according to the contour of the flat tube ends to receiving openings.
  • the receiving openings for the pipe ends by non-cutting deformation, ie plastic deformation produced, which has the advantage that no chips remain, the would pollute the refrigerant circuit.
  • this chipless forming is associated with lower costs.
  • the edges of the slotted hollow profile extended to flared edge strips gives the manifold higher strength, since the edge strips act as a stiffening bead.
  • the edge strips can also be issued or angled in such a way that they lie in a common plane and thus form the shape of an omega with the cross section of the manifold. This increases the strength even more than a V-shaped exhibit of edge trim.
  • the flared edge strips form a limitation of the insertion depth of the flat tubes when using twisted flat tubes.
  • the inventive method it is possible to produce the receiving opening for the flat tube ends by a plastic deformation with a simple wedge-shaped tool.
  • a longitudinally slotted hollow profile is produced by bending, so that touch the edges in the region of the longitudinal slot along a line of contact and edge strips are issued V-shaped to an insertion.
  • This tool is driven with simultaneous support of the hollow profile by a tool shape in the longitudinal slot, which has the consequence that the material of the hollow profile is displaced in the region of the wedge-shaped tool, ie, the material flows into the adjacent areas.
  • the flat tube ends are inserted, the V-like flared edge strips act as easy to assemble insertion.
  • the collecting tube is then soldered to the inserted flat tube ends, wherein the entire longitudinal slot of the hollow profile soldered tight - this soldering is done together with the soldering of the entire heat exchanger including fins in a brazing furnace. So that enough solder flows into the solder gaps when the soldering temperature is reached, the hollow profile and / or the flat tube ends are solder-plated on at least one side, so that there is sufficient solder supply for a tight soldering.
  • extruded flat tubes which usually have no solder layer, a sufficient Lot on for a dense soldering is present, especially when the hollow section is solder-plated on the inside.
  • Fig. 1 shows a manifold 1 for a heat exchanger of a C02 air conditioner for motor vehicles, not shown, in a view from below.
  • the collecting tube 1 which is shown only partially, is a slotted hollow profile whose edge strips 2, 3 abut one another in a common joint or separation point 4.
  • slot-like design receiving openings 5 are arranged, which have a longitudinal extent of t and a distance from each other.
  • Fig. 2 shows the cross section of the manifold 1, along the section plane II-II in Fig. 1 , ie in the region of the parting line 4.
  • the collecting tube 1 is formed from a sheet metal strip 6 of the wall thickness s to form a hollow section 7 by round bending, the convex edges 8, 9 lie against each other and form the parting line 4.
  • the metal strip 6 and the hollow section 7 is extended beyond the edges 8, 9 out and forms the V-shaped flared edge strips 2, 3.
  • the edge strips 2 ', 3' are angled at right angles and form with the hollow profile a ⁇ ( Omega).
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through the manifold 1 along the plane III-III in Fig. 1 , That is, through a receiving opening 5.
  • This receiving opening 5 serves to receive flat tube ends, not shown here and has a width b, which corresponds to the width of the flat tubes. The preparation of these receiving openings 5 will be described in more detail below.
  • Fig. 4 shows the manifold 1 according to Fig. 1 to 3 in a view, in which case flat tubes 10 are shown with corrugated fins 11 disposed between them.
  • the flat tubes 10 have flat tube ends 10a (shown in dashed lines), which - as known per se - are twisted by 90 degrees with respect to the flat tubes 10. These flat tube ends 10a are in the in Fig. 1 and 3 inserted receiving openings 5 inserted and are then soldered to the manifold 1.
  • the manifold 1 has on its inner side 6a (see. Fig. 2 ) a Lotplatttechnik (not shown), which ensures a soldering of the flat tube ends 10a to the manifold 1 and the edges 8, 9 in the region of the parting line 4.
  • the corrugated fins 11 are soldered as known with the flat tubes 10.
  • the entire heat exchanger, consisting of at least one manifold 1, the flat tubes 10 and the corrugated fins 11 is soldered in a single operation in a brazing furnace.
  • the distance between the flat tubes 10 (from the center line to Center line), ie the pipe pitch is designated by p. It is significantly larger than the depth t of the flat tubes 10 and the flat tube ends 10a.
  • Fig. 5 shows a tool 20, consisting of two mold halves 21, 22, for producing the receiving openings 5, that is, a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the hollow profile 7 is inserted into the tool 20 which has moved together, wherein the sheet metal strip 6 conforms with its outer contour to the mold, ie it is supported on all sides to the outside. As in Fig. 2 shown, touch the edges 8, 9 in the region of the parting line 4. Above the inserted hollow section 7, the tool 20 has a through slot 23, in which a punch 24 is brought with a wedge-shaped tapered tool 25 in position.
  • Fig. 6 shows the punch in the retracted position 24 ', wherein the wedge-shaped tool 25' has penetrated into the parting line 4 and thereby displaced the material of the sheet metal strip 6 from the region of the parting line 4 in the adjacent areas. At the same time, this results in work hardening of the material.
  • the outer contour of the metal strip 6 is retained, he can not escape the penetrating tool 25 '. This causes the material to flow on the inside of the metal strip.
  • a punch retaining plate or a punch guide plate (not shown), which rests on the tool halves 21, 22 may be provided, wherein the stamp retaining plate or the punch guide plate guarantees the depth of the receiving opening 5 and its shape retention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The edges of the slotway abut at intervals to form joins (4) and at other parts are diverged to form chiplessly shaped openings (5) for the flat pipes. These openings (5) can be produced by displacement and the slotway edges are extruded beyond the joins (4) to make edge strips (2,3) in prefered vee shape. In this way the section of the pipe plus slotway edges and rim strips makes up an omega shape in the one plane. The edge strips (2,3) limit the insertion depth of the pipe ends. The sheet strip is formed into an open profiled edged slotway to give the hollow profile whereupon the slotway is opened for the pipe entries and the manifold (1) finally sealed up by soldering between pipe entries (5).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeübertrager mit mindestens einem Sammelrohr zur Aufnahme von Flachrohrenden nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 6.The invention relates to a heat exchanger with at least one manifold for receiving flat tube ends according to the preamble of claim 1. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim. 6

Der durch die DE-A 198 46 267 der Anmelderin bekannt gewordene Wärmeübertrager weist ein Sammelrohr mit einem in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Schlitz auf, welcher Flachrohrenden, die gegenüber den Flachrohren um 90 Grad verdreht sind, aufnimmt. Dabei sind die Flachrohrenden Stoß auf Stoß, also lückenlos hintereinander in dem Längsschlitz angeordnet und werden fluiddicht mit dem Sammelrohr verlötet. Durch diese Anordnung ist die Rohrteilung, d. h. der Abstand der parallel zueinander angeordneten Flachrohre dieses Wärmeübertragers beschränkt, und zwar auf die Tiefe der Flachrohre (Erstreckung in Luftströmungsrichtung). Dadurch ist auch die Höhe der Rippen, die zwischen den Flachrohren angeordnet sind, festgelegt. Dies bedeutet eine Einschränkung bei der Auslegung derartiger Flachrohrwärmeübertrager, die insbesondere für C02-Klimaanlagen für Kraftfahrzeuge bestimmt sind. Die Herstellung des Sammelrohres für den bekannten Wärmeübertrager erfolgt entweder durch spangebende Bearbeitung, z. B. durch Fräsen des Längsschlitzes in ein dickwandiges Rohr oder durch Rundbiegen eines ebenen Blechstreifens. Da bei einer spangebenden Bearbeitung immer die Gefahr besteht, dass Späne am Werkstück verbleiben und somit später als Verunreinigungen in den Kältemittelkreislauf gelangen, ist einer spanlosen Fertigung der Vorzug zu geben. Da bei C02-Klimaanlagen die Drücke erheblich höher liegen als bei herkömmlichen Klimaanlagen mit dem Kältemittel R134a, ist die Wandstärke eines Sammelrohres relativ dick, was deren Bearbeitung bzw. Umformung nicht erleichtert.The one by the DE-A 198 46 267 the applicant has become known heat exchanger has a manifold with a longitudinally extending slot, which flat tube ends, which are rotated relative to the flat tubes by 90 degrees, receives. In this case, the flat tube ends are arranged abruptly one after the other in the longitudinal slot and are soldered in a fluid-tight manner to the collecting tube. By this arrangement, the pipe pitch, ie, the distance of the flat tubes arranged parallel to this heat exchanger is limited, namely to the depth of the flat tubes (extension in the air flow direction). As a result, the height of the ribs, which are arranged between the flat tubes, set. This means a limitation in the design of such flat tube heat exchanger, which are intended in particular for C02 air conditioning systems for motor vehicles. The preparation of the manifold for the known heat exchanger is done either by machining, z. B. by milling the longitudinal slot in a thick-walled tube or by bending a flat sheet metal strip. Since with a cutting processing always the There is a risk that chips will remain on the workpiece and thus later enter the refrigerant circuit as contaminants, preference should be given to non-cutting production. Since C02 air conditioning systems have much higher pressures than conventional air conditioning systems with the refrigerant R134a, the wall thickness of a header pipe is relatively thick, which does not facilitate their processing or forming.

Die US 5214847 , welche die Merkmale gemäß Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 zeigt, offenbart ein Sammelrohr eines Kondensators, bei welchem Öffnungen für Flachrohre im Bereich einer Trennfuge eingebracht sind.The US 5214847 , which shows the features according to the preamble of claim 1, discloses a manifold of a condenser, wherein openings for flat tubes are introduced in the region of a parting line.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Wärmeübertrager mit einem Sammelrohr der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass das Sammelrohr einfach herstellbar ist, möglichst keine Verunreinigungen nach dem Herstellprozess hinterlässt und nicht den erwähnten Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der Rohrteilung unterliegt. Es ist auch Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein wirtschaftliches Verfahren zu Herstellung des eingangs genannten Wärmeübertragers, insbesondere seines Sammelrohres zu beschreiben.It is an object of the present invention to improve a heat exchanger with a manifold of the type mentioned in that the manifold is easy to produce, as possible leaves no impurities after the manufacturing process and not subject to the aforementioned restrictions on the pipe division. It is also an object of the invention to describe an economical process for the production of the aforementioned heat exchanger, in particular its header.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 1 und 6. Die abhängigen Ansprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Aus- und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. Erfindungsgemäß weist das Sammelrohr eine in Längsrichtung verlaufende durchgehende Längsnaht bzw. einen Längsschlitz auf, in welchen in vorgegebenen Abständen Aufnahmeöffnungen für die Flachrohrenden eingeformt sind. Das Sammelrohr ist also als ein in Längsrichtung geschlitztes offenes Hohlprofil ausgebildet, bei welchem die Ränder des Längsschlitzes teilweise direkt aneinander anliegen und in diesem Bereich verlötet werden und teilweise entsprechend der Kontur der Flachrohrenden zu Aufnahmeöffnungen verformt sind. Dadurch wird der Vorteil erreicht, dass die Rohrteilung auch größer als die Tiefe des Flachrohres gewählt werden kann - dies ist insbesondere bei der Dimensionierung von Gaskühlern bzw. Kondensatoren für eine C02-Klimaanlage von Vorteil.The solution to this problem arises from the features of claims 1 and 6. The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention. According to the invention, the collecting tube has a longitudinal longitudinal seam running through in the longitudinal direction or a longitudinal slot in which receiving openings for the flat tube ends are formed at predetermined intervals. The collection tube is thus formed as a longitudinally slotted open hollow profile, in which the edges of the longitudinal slot partially abut directly against each other and are soldered in this area and partially deformed according to the contour of the flat tube ends to receiving openings. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the pipe pitch can also be selected larger than the depth of the flat tube - this is particularly advantageous in the dimensioning of gas coolers or capacitors for a C02 air conditioning.

Gemäß der Erfindung werden die Aufnahmeöffnungen für die Rohrenden durch spanlose Verformung, d. h. plastische Verformung hergestellt, was den Vorteil beinhaltet, dass keine Späne zurückbleiben, die den Kältemittelkreislauf verunreinigen würden. Außerdem ist diese spanlose Umformung mit geringeren Kosten verbunden.According to the invention, the receiving openings for the pipe ends by non-cutting deformation, ie plastic deformation produced, which has the advantage that no chips remain, the would pollute the refrigerant circuit. In addition, this chipless forming is associated with lower costs.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die Ränder des geschlitzten Hohlprofils zu ausgestellten Randstreifen verlängert - dies verleiht dem Sammelrohr eine höhere Festigkeit, da die Randstreifen wie eine Versteifungssicke wirken. Bei einer V-förmigen Ausstellung der Randstreifen ergibt sich eine montagefreundliche Einführungsschräge für die einzufügenden Flachrohrenden. Die Randstreifen können auch in der Weise ausgestellt bzw. abgewinkelt werden, dass sie in einer gemeinsamen Ebene liegen und somit mit dem Querschnitt des Sammelrohres die Form eines Omega bilden. Dies erhöht die Festigkeit noch mehr als eine V-förmige Ausstellung der Randstreifen. Zudem bilden die ausgestellten Randstreifen bei einer Verwendung von tordierten Flachrohren eine Begrenzung der Einstecktiefe der Flachrohre.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the edges of the slotted hollow profile extended to flared edge strips - this gives the manifold higher strength, since the edge strips act as a stiffening bead. In a V-shaped exhibition of the edge strips results in a mounting-friendly insertion bevel for the flat tube ends to be inserted. The edge strips can also be issued or angled in such a way that they lie in a common plane and thus form the shape of an omega with the cross section of the manifold. This increases the strength even more than a V-shaped exhibit of edge trim. In addition, the flared edge strips form a limitation of the insertion depth of the flat tubes when using twisted flat tubes.

Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist es möglich, die Aufnahmeöffnung für die Flachrohrenden durch eine plastische Verformung mit einem einfachen keilförmigen Werkzeug herzustellen. Zunächst wird ein in Längsrichtung geschlitztes Hohlprofil durch Rundbiegen hergestellt, so dass sich die Ränder im Bereich des Längsschlitzes längs einer Kontaktlinie berühren und Randstreifen V-förmig zu einer Einführschräge ausgestellt sind. Durch diese V-förmige Ausstellung ergibt sich eine vorteilhafte Einführschräge für das keilförmig ausgebildete Werkzeug, welches die Kontur der Flachrohrenden aufweist. Dieses Werkzeug wird bei gleichzeitiger Abstützung des Hohlprofils durch eine Werkzeugform in den Längsschlitz eingetrieben, was zur Folge hat, dass das Material des Hohlprofils im Bereich des keilförmigen Werkzeuges verdrängt wird, d. h. das Material fließt in die benachbarten Bereiche. Da die Wandstärke des Sammelrohres relativ dick ist, ist genügend Fleisch vorhanden, so dass keine Materialschwächung auftritt - vielmehr wird durch Kaltverfestigung das Gegenteil erreicht. Bei entsprechender Bestückung des Werkzeuges mit mehreren Stempeln (keilförmigen Werkzeugen) können sämtliche Öffnungen in einem Arbeitsgang hergestellt werden oder in Stufen, um die Verformungsgrade pro Arbeitsgang geringer zu halten. Dies ergibt auch eine höhere Oberflächenqualität der Aufnahmeöffnungen für die Flachrohrenden.According to the inventive method, it is possible to produce the receiving opening for the flat tube ends by a plastic deformation with a simple wedge-shaped tool. First, a longitudinally slotted hollow profile is produced by bending, so that touch the edges in the region of the longitudinal slot along a line of contact and edge strips are issued V-shaped to an insertion. Through this V-shaped exhibition results in an advantageous insertion bevel for the wedge-shaped tool, which has the contour of the flat tube ends. This tool is driven with simultaneous support of the hollow profile by a tool shape in the longitudinal slot, which has the consequence that the material of the hollow profile is displaced in the region of the wedge-shaped tool, ie, the material flows into the adjacent areas. Since the wall thickness of the manifold is relatively thick, enough meat is present so that no material weakening occurs - rather, the opposite is achieved by work hardening. With appropriate equipment of the tool with multiple punches (wedge-shaped tools) all openings can be made in one operation or in stages to the Deformation degrees per operation to keep less. This also results in a higher surface quality of the receiving openings for the flat tube ends.

Nachdem die Aufnahmeöffnungen fertig kalibriert sind, werden die Flachrohrenden eingeführt, wobei die V-artig ausgestellten Randsteifen als montagefreundliche Einführschräge wirken. Das Sammelrohr wird anschließend mit den eingesteckten Flachrohrenden verlötet, wobei der gesamte Längsschlitz des Hohlprofils dicht verlötet - diese Lötung erfolgt zusammen mit der Lötung des gesamten Wärmeübertragers einschließlich Rippen in einem Lötofen. Damit bei Erreichen der Löttemperatur genügend Lot in die Lotspalte fließt, sind das Hohlprofil und/oder die Flachrohrenden mindestens einseitig lotplattiert, so dass ein hinreichendes Lotangebot für eine dichte Lötung vorhanden ist. Bei der Verwendung von extrudierten Flachrohren, die in der Regel keine Lotschicht aufweisen, ist ein hinreichendes Lotangebot für eine dichte Lötung vorhanden, wenn insbesondere das Hohlprofil auf der Innenseite lotplattiert ist.After the receiving openings are finished calibrated, the flat tube ends are inserted, the V-like flared edge strips act as easy to assemble insertion. The collecting tube is then soldered to the inserted flat tube ends, wherein the entire longitudinal slot of the hollow profile soldered tight - this soldering is done together with the soldering of the entire heat exchanger including fins in a brazing furnace. So that enough solder flows into the solder gaps when the soldering temperature is reached, the hollow profile and / or the flat tube ends are solder-plated on at least one side, so that there is sufficient solder supply for a tight soldering. When using extruded flat tubes, which usually have no solder layer, a sufficient Lotangebot for a dense soldering is present, especially when the hollow section is solder-plated on the inside.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
ein Sammelrohr in einer Ansicht von unten,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch das Sammelrohr gemäß Fig. 1 in der Ebene II-II,
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch das Sammelrohr gemäß Fig. 1 in der Ebene III-III,
Fig. 4
eine Ansicht des Sammelrohres mit Flachrohren,
Fig. 5
eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung des Sammelrohres und
Fig. 6
die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 5 mit eingefahrenem Stempel.
An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1
a manifold in a view from below,
Fig. 2
a section through the manifold according to Fig. 1 in level II-II,
Fig. 3
a section through the manifold according to Fig. 1 in level III-III,
Fig. 4
a view of the manifold with flat tubes,
Fig. 5
an apparatus for producing the manifold and
Fig. 6
the device according to Fig. 5 with retracted stamp.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Sammelrohr 1 für einen Wärmeübertrager einer nicht dargestellten C02-Klimaanlage für Kraftfahrzeuge, und zwar in einer Ansicht von unten. Das nur teilweise dargestellte Sammelrohr 1 ist ein geschlitztes Hohlprofil, dessen Randstreifen 2, 3 in einer gemeinsamen Fuge bzw. Trennstelle 4 aufeinander stoßen. Im Bereich dieser in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Trennfuge 4 sind langlochartig ausgebildete Aufnahmeöffnungen 5 angeordnet, die eine Längserstreckung von t und einen Abstand von a zueinander aufweisen. Fig. 1 shows a manifold 1 for a heat exchanger of a C02 air conditioner for motor vehicles, not shown, in a view from below. The collecting tube 1, which is shown only partially, is a slotted hollow profile whose edge strips 2, 3 abut one another in a common joint or separation point 4. In the area of this in the longitudinal direction extending parting line 4 slot-like design receiving openings 5 are arranged, which have a longitudinal extent of t and a distance from each other.

Fig. 2 zeigt den Querschnitt des Sammelrohres 1, und zwar längs der Schnittebene II-II in Fig. 1, d. h. im Bereich der Trennfuge 4. Das Sammelrohr 1 ist aus einem Blechstreifen 6 der Wandstärke s zu einem Hohlprofil 7 durch Rundbiegen geformt, deren konvex ausgebildeten Ränder 8, 9 aneinander liegen und die Trennfuge 4 bilden. Der Blechstreifen 6 bzw. das Hohlprofil 7 ist über die Ränder 8, 9 hinaus verlängert und bildet die V-förmig ausgestellten Randstreifen 2, 3. In gestrichelter Darstellung sind die Randstreifen 2', 3' rechtwinklig abgewinkelt und bilden mit dem Hohlprofil ein Ω (Omega). Fig. 2 shows the cross section of the manifold 1, along the section plane II-II in Fig. 1 , ie in the region of the parting line 4. The collecting tube 1 is formed from a sheet metal strip 6 of the wall thickness s to form a hollow section 7 by round bending, the convex edges 8, 9 lie against each other and form the parting line 4. The metal strip 6 and the hollow section 7 is extended beyond the edges 8, 9 out and forms the V-shaped flared edge strips 2, 3. In dashed lines, the edge strips 2 ', 3' are angled at right angles and form with the hollow profile a Ω ( Omega).

Fig. 3 zeigt einen Schnitt durch das Sammelrohr 1 längs der Ebene III-III in Fig. 1, d. h. durch eine Aufnahmeöffnung 5. Diese Aufnahmeöffnung 5 dient der Aufnahme von hier nicht dargestellten Flachrohrenden und weist eine Breite b auf, die der Breite der Flachrohre entspricht. Die Herstellung dieser Aufnahmeöffnungen 5 wird unten genauer beschrieben. Fig. 3 shows a section through the manifold 1 along the plane III-III in Fig. 1 , That is, through a receiving opening 5. This receiving opening 5 serves to receive flat tube ends, not shown here and has a width b, which corresponds to the width of the flat tubes. The preparation of these receiving openings 5 will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 4 zeigt das Sammelrohr 1 gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 in einer Ansicht, wobei hier Flachrohre 10 mit zwischen ihnen angeordneten Wellrippen 11 dargestellt sind. Die Flachrohre 10 weisen Flachrohrenden 10a (gestrichelt dargestellt) auf, die - wie an sich bekannt - um 90 Grad gegenüber den Flachrohren 10 tordiert sind. Diese Flachrohrenden 10a sind in die in Fig. 1 und 3 dargestellten Aufnahmeöffnungen 5 eingefügt und werden anschließend mit dem Sammelrohr 1 verlötet. Das Sammelrohr 1 weist auf seiner Innenseite 6a (vgl. Fig. 2) eine Lotplattierung (nicht dargestellt) auf, die eine Verlötung der Flachrohrenden 10a mit dem Sammelrohr 1 und der Ränder 8, 9 im Bereich der Trennfuge 4 gewährleistet. Die Wellrippen 11 werden wie bekannt mit den Flachrohren 10 verlötet. Der gesamte Wärmeübertrager, bestehend aus mindestens einem Sammelrohr 1, den Flachrohre 10 und den Wellrippen 11 wird in einem Arbeitsgang in einem Lötofen gelötet. Der Abstand der Flachrohre 10 (von Mittellinie zu Mittellinie), d. h. die Rohrteilung ist mit p bezeichnet. Sie ist hier deutlich größer als die Tiefe t der Flachrohre 10 bzw. der Flachrohrenden 10a. Fig. 4 shows the manifold 1 according to Fig. 1 to 3 in a view, in which case flat tubes 10 are shown with corrugated fins 11 disposed between them. The flat tubes 10 have flat tube ends 10a (shown in dashed lines), which - as known per se - are twisted by 90 degrees with respect to the flat tubes 10. These flat tube ends 10a are in the in Fig. 1 and 3 inserted receiving openings 5 inserted and are then soldered to the manifold 1. The manifold 1 has on its inner side 6a (see. Fig. 2 ) a Lotplattierung (not shown), which ensures a soldering of the flat tube ends 10a to the manifold 1 and the edges 8, 9 in the region of the parting line 4. The corrugated fins 11 are soldered as known with the flat tubes 10. The entire heat exchanger, consisting of at least one manifold 1, the flat tubes 10 and the corrugated fins 11 is soldered in a single operation in a brazing furnace. The distance between the flat tubes 10 (from the center line to Center line), ie the pipe pitch is designated by p. It is significantly larger than the depth t of the flat tubes 10 and the flat tube ends 10a.

Fig. 5 zeigt ein Werkzeug 20, bestehend aus zwei Werkzeughälften 21, 22, zur Herstellung der Aufnahmeöffnungen 5, d. h. eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. In das zusammengefahrene Werkzeug 20 ist das Hohlprofil 7 eingelegt, wobei der Blechstreifen 6 sich mit seiner Außenkontur an die Werkzeugform anschmiegt, d. h. er ist allseitig nach außen abgestützt. Wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, berühren sich die Ränder 8, 9 im Bereich der Trennfuge 4. Oberhalb des eingelegten Hohlprofils 7 weist das Werkzeug 20 einen durchgehenden Schlitz 23 auf, in welchem ein Stempel 24 mit einem keilförmig zulaufenden Werkzeug 25 in Position gebracht ist. Fig. 5 shows a tool 20, consisting of two mold halves 21, 22, for producing the receiving openings 5, that is, a device for carrying out the method according to the invention. The hollow profile 7 is inserted into the tool 20 which has moved together, wherein the sheet metal strip 6 conforms with its outer contour to the mold, ie it is supported on all sides to the outside. As in Fig. 2 shown, touch the edges 8, 9 in the region of the parting line 4. Above the inserted hollow section 7, the tool 20 has a through slot 23, in which a punch 24 is brought with a wedge-shaped tapered tool 25 in position.

Fig. 6 zeigt den Stempel in eingefahrener Position 24', wobei das keilförmige Werkzeug 25' in die Trennfuge 4 eingedrungen ist und dabei das Material des Blechstreifens 6 aus dem Bereich der Trennfuge 4 in die angrenzenden Bereiche verdrängt hat. Dabei entsteht gleichzeitig eine Kaltverfestigung des Materials. Durch die fest gegeneinander verspannten Werkzeughälften 21, 22 bleibt die Außenkontur des Blechstreifens 6 erhalten, er kann dem eindringenden Werkzeug 25' nicht ausweichen. Dadurch wird ein Fließen des Materials auf der Innenseite des Blechstreifens bewirkt. Nach dem - hier nicht dargestellten - Herausziehen des Stempels 24, 25 ergibt sich die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Form, d. h. mit Aufnahmeöffnung 5. Zusätzlich kann eine Stempelrückhalteplatte bzw. eine Stempelführungsplatte (nicht dargestellt), die auf den Werkzeughälften 21, 22 aufliegt vorgesehen sein, wobei die Stempelrückhalteplatte bzw. die Stempelführungsplatte die Tiefe der Aufnahmeöffnung 5 und deren Formhaltigkeit garantiert. Fig. 6 shows the punch in the retracted position 24 ', wherein the wedge-shaped tool 25' has penetrated into the parting line 4 and thereby displaced the material of the sheet metal strip 6 from the region of the parting line 4 in the adjacent areas. At the same time, this results in work hardening of the material. By firmly clamped against each other tool halves 21, 22, the outer contour of the metal strip 6 is retained, he can not escape the penetrating tool 25 '. This causes the material to flow on the inside of the metal strip. After the - not shown here - pulling out of the punch 24, 25 results in the Fig. 3 In addition, a punch retaining plate or a punch guide plate (not shown), which rests on the tool halves 21, 22 may be provided, wherein the stamp retaining plate or the punch guide plate guarantees the depth of the receiving opening 5 and its shape retention.

Möglich wäre auch - was hier nicht dargestellt ist - ein zweistufiges oder mehrstufiges Verfahren zum Ausformen der Aufnahmeöffnungen 5, d. h. mittels eines zwei- oder mehrstufigen Werkzeuges.It would also be possible - which is not shown here - a two-stage or multi-stage process for molding the receiving openings 5, d. H. by means of a two-stage or multi-stage tool.

Claims (9)

  1. A heat exchanger with at least one header tube (1) for the reception of flat tube ends (10a), in particular for a CO2 air-conditioning unit for motor vehicles, wherein the header tube (1) is formed from an open hollow profile (7) with edges (8, 9) running in the longitudinal direction, forming a continuous longitudinal slot, and the flat tube ends (10a) are received in a fluid-tight manner in the longitudinal slot, wherein the edges (8, 9) butt against one another in regions so as to form a parting joint (4) and are set back in regions so as to form reception orifices (5) for the flat tube ends (10a), characterised in that the reception orifices (5) are produced by the noncutting deformation of the edges (8, 9) and that the deformation takes place by means of material displacement.
  2. The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the edges (8, 9) are prolonged outward beyond the parting joint (4) and form set-out edge strips (2, 3).
  3. The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the edge strips (2, 3) are set out in a V-like manner.
  4. The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the cross section of the header tube (1) with edges (8, 9) and with edge strips (2', 3') corresponds to the shape of an omega (edge strips 2', 3' in a common plane).
  5. The heat exchanger as claimed in one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the edge strips (2, 3) are designed as the limitation of a depth of insertion of twisted flat tube ends.
  6. A method for the production of a heat exchanger, characterised by the following method steps:
    - the initial material used is a plane sheet metal strip (6) with a relatively large thickness s and with rectilinear edges (8, 9),
    - the sheet metal strip (6) is deformed into an open hollow profile (7) with a longitudinal slot (4), wherein the edges (8, 9) of the hollow profile (7) touching one another in the region of the longitudinal slot, and the edge strips (2, 3) are set out as an introduction slope,
    - the hollow profile (7) is received in a tool (20) and supported outwardly,
    - the reception orifices (5) are produced in the region of the longitudinal slot (4) by material displacement, that is, plastic deformation by means of the introduction of a wedge-shaped tool (25).
  7. The method as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the flat tube ends (10a) are introduced into the reception orifices (5), wherein the hollow profile (7) is capable of springing open elastically, and that the header tube (1) is soldered in a leak-tight manner in the region of the longitudinal slot (4) between the flat tube ends (10a) and around the flat tube ends (10a).
  8. The method as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the sheet metal strip (6) and/or the flat tube end (10a) are solder-plated at least on one side.
  9. The method as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the sheet metal strip (6) and/or the flat tube end (10a) are solder-plated on both sides.
EP03735361A 2002-05-15 2003-05-07 Heat carrier and method for the production thereof Expired - Lifetime EP1509739B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10221457 2002-05-15
DE10221457A DE10221457A1 (en) 2002-05-15 2002-05-15 Heat exchanger with manifold for air-conditioning abuts and diverges edges of manifold slotways to form post-sealed openings for flat pipes.
PCT/EP2003/004762 WO2003098142A1 (en) 2002-05-15 2003-05-07 Heat carrier and method for the production thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1509739A1 EP1509739A1 (en) 2005-03-02
EP1509739B1 true EP1509739B1 (en) 2010-01-20

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EP03735361A Expired - Lifetime EP1509739B1 (en) 2002-05-15 2003-05-07 Heat carrier and method for the production thereof

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US (1) US20050150108A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1509739B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005525530A (en)
CN (1) CN100342201C (en)
AT (1) ATE456018T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003236852A1 (en)
BR (1) BR0304868A (en)
DE (2) DE10221457A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003098142A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
BR0304868A (en) 2004-08-17
ATE456018T1 (en) 2010-02-15
AU2003236852A1 (en) 2003-12-02
WO2003098142A1 (en) 2003-11-27
JP2005525530A (en) 2005-08-25
CN100342201C (en) 2007-10-10
EP1509739A1 (en) 2005-03-02
DE50312361D1 (en) 2010-03-11
US20050150108A1 (en) 2005-07-14
DE10221457A1 (en) 2003-11-27
CN1653311A (en) 2005-08-10

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