EP1507274A1 - Earthing switch - Google Patents

Earthing switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1507274A1
EP1507274A1 EP04103896A EP04103896A EP1507274A1 EP 1507274 A1 EP1507274 A1 EP 1507274A1 EP 04103896 A EP04103896 A EP 04103896A EP 04103896 A EP04103896 A EP 04103896A EP 1507274 A1 EP1507274 A1 EP 1507274A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switching
earth
contacts
disconnector
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Granted
Application number
EP04103896A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1507274B1 (en
Inventor
Carmelo Gimeno
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Grid Solutions SAS
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Areva T&D SAS
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Publication of EP1507274A1 publication Critical patent/EP1507274A1/en
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Publication of EP1507274B1 publication Critical patent/EP1507274B1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/12Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H01H1/365Bridging contacts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003Earthing switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high or medium voltage earthing switch gas insulation comprising in an envelope, closed tightly to be filled with an insulating gas dielectrically, at least one conductive bar to which corresponds to a contact of earth, a contact of phase fixed to said bar and intended to be connected electrically in contact with the earth for setting earth of said bar.
  • the invention applies especially at a so-called earthing switch high-speed earthing switch, this type of disconnector with a very short switching time low thanks to a spring drive which allows to avoid the formation of electric arcs.
  • WO 96/17420 already known from three-phase earthing switch as defined above.
  • the three bars conductors are bent radially in the envelope in such a way that their ends respective ones are arranged on the periphery of the path of a rotating conductive part connected to the Earth.
  • the disadvantage of this construction is that it is complicated and expensive to perform. In addition to this construction is cumbersome because of the fact that busbars must be bent. Otherwise, with this construction it is not possible to individually measure the electrical resistance of each busbar.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a more compact and simple earthing switch mechanically and which also allows the measurement of the electrical resistance on each conductor bar when the earthing switch is closed.
  • the subject of the invention is a high or medium voltage earthing switch gas insulation comprising in an envelope, closed tightly to be filled with an insulating gas dielectrically, at least one conductive bar to which corresponds to a contact of earth, a contact of phase fixed to said bar and intended to be connected electrically in contact with the earth for setting earth of said bar, characterized in that the contact of earth is mounted fixed in the envelope facing the phase contact by leaving a space with the latter free, in that a switching element is mounted in the envelope between the phase contact and the earth contact, this switching element comprising on the one hand, a switching contact that short-circuit the space left free between the contact of phase and ground contact to electrically connect earth contact and phase contact when the disconnector is closed and, on the other hand, less partly electrically insulating on which is fixed the switching contact so that the switching contact is electrically isolated from phase contact and earth contact in a open position of the disconnector.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown non-limiting example an earthing switch three phase according to the invention with an element of rotary switching.
  • the earthing switch includes, in a sealed envelope 5 to be filled with a dielectric gas such as SF6, three parallel conductor bars 1 arranged according to a equilateral triangle configuration, only two conductor bars 1 being shown in FIG.
  • a ground contact 2 is disposed here in the axial extension of each conductor bar 1 facing a phase contact electrically connected to the bar corresponding driver.
  • the earth contact and the phase contact are separated from one another space left free E, this space E being sufficient to ensure dielectric isolation.
  • the earth contact and phase contact be slightly offset from the axis of the corresponding bar if for example the phase contact is mounted on a small paw attached to the bar and extending transversely to this one. In this case, the contact of earth and phase contact are still aligned with the axis of the corresponding conductive bar.
  • each contact of earth is mounted through a lid 3 typically metallic attached to the envelope, and is isolated from the lid via a tube T insulation more visible in Figure 1A.
  • the dimensions (in particular the wall thickness of the tube) are provided to hold the insulation between the earth contact and cover during an impulse voltage typically of the order of a few kilovolts affecting this earth contact.
  • each earth contact 2 forms a socket earth 4 intended to be connected to the earth and which also used for the measurement of electrical resistance of the busbar associated with it when the disconnector is closed.
  • the lid 3 which is usually made of the same material as the envelope, typically aluminum, tightly closed the envelope 5 of the disconnector, here an envelope tubular metal. As we can see in FIG. 1, the cover 3 is arranged at a end of the tubular casing 5, which facilitates maintenance operations of the earthing switch according to the invention.
  • this lid is generally metallic and the potential of the earth as well as the envelope 5 of the disconnector, it can be used to evacuate currents from the three phases to the earth when closing the switch.
  • this configuration it is no longer possible with this configuration to measure the electrical resistance of a conducting bar, in the closed position of the disconnector, by connecting a test device on the earth contact corresponding to this bar.
  • the earthing switch described on the Figure 1 also includes in the envelope an element of switching 6 mobile in rotation in a plane crosswise to bars 1 and which is composed of a 7 rotating support around an R axis and three switching electrical contacts 8.
  • Contacts 8 are preferably made of materials arc-resistant, such as copper covered with tungsten.
  • the support 7 is a support less partly electrically insulating star with three branches, the contacts 8 being fixed at the ends of the branches of the support 7 so they are electrically insulated from earth contacts and live when the earthing switch occupies a opening position.
  • the shaft of rotation of axis R which through the lid 3 may be metallic.
  • the earthing switch is closed and the contacts 8 are inserted into the space left free E between a ground contact 2 and a phase contact attached to the corresponding end of a Bar 1.
  • This end of the bar conductive is here advantageously covered with a metal suitable for forming the phase contact 1A.
  • the contacts 8 are arranged so as to be elastically deformable (here according to the direction axial bars) to facilitate insertion between the phase contacts 1A of the conducting bars 1 and earth contacts 2.
  • these contacts of switching 8 are U-shaped with fingers of elastic contacts at each end of a branch of the U, so that the current flowing in a branch is opposed to the current flowing in the other branch to tend to move each branch away from one of the other for high current values.
  • This increases the contact pressure between the fingers of U-branch contacts and fixed phase contact or soil on which these fingers support, preventing thus the erosion of contacts.
  • the edges of the fingers of contacts of a switching contact 8 are rounded for dielectric and mechanical reasons.
  • FIG. 1B each contact of switchover 18 has a closed curve shape, for partially ovoid example, fixed to the support 7.
  • Each switching contact 18 can be split by streaks to promote its elasticity.
  • the basic material is a good electrical conductor, by example of copper-chromium. Curved parts can be in tungsten, while the points of contact, in the contact position, are placed in a zone without tungsten.
  • the closed or ovoid shape can be asymmetrical with respect to the points of contact or symmetrical. With such a form of contact of switching 18, the current can take two paths different, symbolized by arrows, on both sides of this closed form, the reaction forces of the current to the switching elements being reduced.
  • Figure 1C illustrates another variant of realization of the shape of the contact elements.
  • These contact elements 28 have two rods 28A and 28B fixed on a conductive support. When closing of the disconnector, these rods 28A and 28B penetrate each in a female contact 26 in the form of a tulip, fixed in a cavity respectively of the conductive bar 1 '' '' and earth contact 2 '' ''.
  • One of the two stems 28A is longer than the second rod 28B so as to it comes into contact with its female contact 26 of the earth contact 2 '' '' before the second rod 28B does not come into contact with its female contact 26 of the busbar 1 '' ''.
  • these two stems 28A and 28B rotate around the axis of rotation R of the switching element 6, their position relative to their respective female contacts 26 may vary slightly. Also, the female contacts 26 in the form of tulip are elastic or are attached in such a way that they can make a slight radial movement with respect to rods 28A and 28B.
  • the fingers of contacts D are covered with a material resistant to the arc like tungsten, so that the tungsten does not touch the surface of the contacts phase and earth but be arranged in front of fingers of contacts to receive the bow first electric.
  • the contact area of the contact fingers on the fixed contacts of earth and phase is made of copper or brass, preferably in galvanized silver.
  • these contacts of phase and ground respectively 1A and 2 are covered with an arc-resistant material tungsten, for example by fixation (eg welding or other) of tungsten rings on the edges frontal face and are also galvanized to money as is known for this type of contact.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show respectively the switching element 6 when the disconnector is closed and when the disconnector is open.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show the star shape at three branches of the support 7 and the contacts 8 arranged in a triangle configuration at the ends of branches of the support 7.
  • the mobile switching element 6 performs a rotation around the axis of rotation R and the contacts switching 8 carried by this element 6 come insert transversely to the axis of the bars conductors 1 in the space left free between phase contacts of the busbars 1 and the earth contacts 2.
  • the switching element is rotated by a command (not shown) which is coupled to the axis of rotation R (tree of command) from the outside of the envelope.
  • the switching contacts 8 then provide the connection between the phase contacts of the bars conductors 1 and the earth contacts 2.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show contacts 8 to several elastically deformable contact fingers.
  • FIG. 3 shows the earthing switch in open position.
  • Contacts 8 are arranged in the space between two adjacent bus bars. It is advantageous to provide elastic contacts CE attached to the cover, and in electrical contact with the lid, in order to electrically connect each switching contact to cover in the open position of the disconnector Earth.
  • a simple leaf spring attached to the cover can suffice for a reliable electrical connection between a switching contact and cover. This avoids that the switching contacts 8 are each at one floating potential in the open position, which may cause partial discharges.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 there is shown a three-phase earthing switch, which unlike the earthing switch shown in Figures 2 and 3, has parallel conducting bars 1 ' disposed in a row arrangement, i.e. in an overlay configuration.
  • the switching element 6 ' is mounted sliding in the envelope 5 transversely to busbars 1 ', switching contacts 8' carried by the switching element 6 'to engage in the space left free between the phase contact of each conducting bar 1 'and each earth contact (not shown in these figures).
  • Figure 4 shows the switching element 6 'when the disconnector earth is closed and figure 5 shows the element of 6 'switching when the earthing switch is open.
  • the switching element 6 ' is composed of a support 7 'sliding, here a bar made of material insulation, on which are fixed according to a configuration row three 8 'switch contacts similar to those shown for Figures 1 to 3.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show a 9 'mechanism turning a rotary motion around an axis of rotation R 'of a lever 11' in one movement in translation of a rod 10 'connected to articulation to the support 7 'which is guided in translation in a plane perpendicular to the bars 1 'by guides 12'.
  • the axis of rotation R 'as well that the earth contacts (not shown) are mounted in a lid that closes the end of the envelope 5.
  • the switching element 6 'mobile performs a translation and switching contacts 8 'come insert transversely to the axis of the bars conductors 1 'in the space left free between phase contacts of the conducting bars 1 'and the earth contacts.
  • the contacts 8 'then ensure the electrical connection between the phase contacts of the conducting bars 1 'and earth contacts 2'.
  • the earthing switch includes in the casing 5 a single conductor bar 1 "(with a phase contact 1A '') coaxial with the tubular casing 5 and a single earth contact 2 '' disposed in the axial extension of the bar 1 "and mounted through in the lid 3 '' closing the envelope 5 ''.
  • the switching element 6 '' carries a single contact of 8 '' switching as already described above and is mounted on a support 7 "of insulating material, here a branch of insulating material mounted on an axis rotating R "through the lid 3".
  • Figures 7 and 8 show the position center of the single conductor bar 1 '' and the eccentric position of the axis of rotation R ''.
  • the order of earthing switch according to the invention comes into engagement on the axis of rotation R, R ', R' 'and is preferably arranged on the outside of the closing lid the envelope and therefore in the longitudinal extension of the envelope which further contributes to obtaining a great compactness of the disconnector according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 9 to 11 there is shown a other provision of a single-phase earthing switch according to the invention arranged to be installed on a section of the busbar.
  • a disconnector can be in the form of a module with a cylindrical envelope short enough to be able to access to the assembly or disassembly of elements of the switch.
  • This envelope surrounds a bar conductive that can be held in position so classical by insulating supports such as by example two insulating cones attached to both ends of the envelope.
  • Such a module earthing switch is then intended to be interposed tightly between two shielded appliances (gas-insulated) or between one line section and an armored unit.
  • the earth contact 2 '' 'and the phase contact 1' '' A does not are not aligned with the axis of the busbar 1 '' '.
  • the phase contact 1 '' 'A is fixed on the side of the busbar while the earth contact 2 '' '' is fixed in the envelope 5 facing the contact of phase, these two contacts being aligned transversely to the busbar leaving a free space E '' ' between them.
  • the switching element 6 '' 'which is rotary switch comprises a switching contact 8 '' 'which is fixed on a rotating support 7 '' 'around an axis of rotation R '' 'passing through the cylindrical wall of the envelope.
  • the rotary support 7 '' ' is at least part consisting of an insulating material.
  • Figure 9 the earthing switch is closed and the switch contact is inserted between phase and earth contacts in free space E '' '.
  • Figure 10 shows the earthing switch of the Figure 9 in the open position while Figure 11 shows the earthing switch in open position but seen from above.
  • the axis of rotation R '' 'of the rotary support 7' '' is naturally offset from the axis of the busbar 1 '' 'and the rotating support 7 '' 'is held in position by a P level fixed inside the enclosure and by a TR watertight crossing through which the rotary support 7 '' 'spring of the envelope to be coupled to a control member.
  • the part of the support 7 '' ' which passes through the envelope level of the leaktight crossing TR is made of a material insulation, and this part can advantageously be separable from the rest of the support 7 '' 'to facilitate the mounting of the main part of the support by the interior of the envelope.
  • Earth contact 2 '' ' is isolated electrically from the casing by an insulating tube T '' ' similar to tube T shown in Figure 1A.
  • an elastic contact CE '' ' on which comes into electrical contact the contact of 8 '' 'switching when the disconnector is completely open.
  • contacts CE elastics visible in Figures 2 and 3, it avoids as well as the switching contact 8 '' 'is at a floating potential in the open position complete disconnector.
  • this provision of earthing switch can be easily extended to a three-phase earthing switch, and more easily particular to a three-bar earthing switch superimposed conductors in the same envelope.
  • a support rotary formed in part by an insulating rod which is offset from the plane containing the three axes of the bars conductive.
  • Each of the three switching contacts is then carried by an insulating branch attached to the rod and is so mobile in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the bars.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Abstract

The switch has a grounding contact (2) associated with a conducting bar (1) and forming an earth electrode that branches at ground. Switching contact (8) short-circuits free space (E) between a phase and grounding contact when the switch is closed. The switching contact is electrically insulated from the phase and grounding contact in opening position of the switch.

Description

La présente invention concerne un sectionneur de terre haute ou moyenne tension à isolation au gaz comprenant dans une enveloppe, fermée de façon étanche pour être remplie d'un gaz isolant diélectriquement, au moins une barre conductrice à laquelle correspond un contact de terre, un contact de phase fixé à ladite barre et destiné à être raccordé électriquement au contact de terre pour la mise à la terre de ladite barre.The present invention relates to a high or medium voltage earthing switch gas insulation comprising in an envelope, closed tightly to be filled with an insulating gas dielectrically, at least one conductive bar to which corresponds to a contact of earth, a contact of phase fixed to said bar and intended to be connected electrically in contact with the earth for setting earth of said bar.

L'invention s'applique tout particulièrement à un sectionneur de terre dit sectionneur de terre haute vitesse, ce type de sectionneur présentant un temps de commutation très faible grâce à une commande à ressorts ce qui permet d'éviter la formation d'arcs électriques.The invention applies especially at a so-called earthing switch high-speed earthing switch, this type of disconnector with a very short switching time low thanks to a spring drive which allows to avoid the formation of electric arcs.

On connaít déjà du document WO 96/17420 un sectionneur de terre triphasé tel que défini ci dessus. Dans ce sectionneur connu, les trois barres conductrices sont coudées de façon radiale dans l'enveloppe de telle façon que leurs extrémités respectives soient disposées sur la périphérie du trajet d'une pièce conductrice rotative reliée à la terre. L'inconvénient de cette construction est qu'elle est compliquée et coûteuse à réaliser. En plus cette construction est encombrante en raison du fait que les barres conductrices doivent être coudées. Par ailleurs, avec cette construction, il n'est pas possible de mesurer individuellement la résistance électrique de chaque barre conductrice. WO 96/17420 already known from three-phase earthing switch as defined above. In this known disconnector, the three bars conductors are bent radially in the envelope in such a way that their ends respective ones are arranged on the periphery of the path of a rotating conductive part connected to the Earth. The disadvantage of this construction is that it is complicated and expensive to perform. In addition to this construction is cumbersome because of the fact that busbars must be bent. Otherwise, with this construction it is not possible to individually measure the electrical resistance of each busbar.

Un sectionneur de terre analogue à celui du WO 96/17420 est décrit dans le brevet SE 420,033. Ce sectionneur comporte un contact de terre qui est déplacé vers chaque barre conductrice selon une direction longitudinale parallèle à l'axe des barres. Cet agencement présente également l'inconvénient d'être encombrant.An earthing switch similar to that of the WO 96/17420 is described in SE 420,033. This isolator has a ground contact that is moved to each conductor bar according to a longitudinal direction parallel to the axis of the bars. This arrangement also has the disadvantage of being cumbersome.

Le but de l'invention est de remédier aux inconvénients indiqués ci-dessus en proposant un sectionneur de terre plus compact et plus simple mécaniquement et qui permet en outre la mesure de la résistance électrique sur chaque barre conductrice quand le sectionneur de terre est fermé.The object of the invention is to remedy disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a more compact and simple earthing switch mechanically and which also allows the measurement of the electrical resistance on each conductor bar when the earthing switch is closed.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un sectionneur de terre haute ou moyenne tension à isolation au gaz comprenant dans une enveloppe, fermée de façon étanche pour être remplie d'un gaz isolant diélectriquement, au moins une barre conductrice à laquelle correspond un contact de terre, un contact de phase fixé à ladite barre et destiné à être raccordé électriquement au contact de terre pour la mise à la terre de ladite barre, caractérisé en ce que le contact de terre est monté fixe dans l'enveloppe face au contact de phase en laissant avec ce dernier un espace libre, en ce qu'un élément de commutation est monté mobile dans l'enveloppe entre le contact de phase et le contact de terre, cet élément de commutation comprenant d'une part, un contact de commutation qui vient court-circuiter l'espace laissé libre entre le contact de phase et le contact de terre pour relier électriquement le contact de terre et le contact de phase lorsque le sectionneur est fermé et d'autre part, un support au moins en partie électriquement isolant sur lequel est fixé le contact de commutation de telle sorte que le contact de commutation est isolé électriquement du contact de phase et du contact de terre dans une position d'ouverture du sectionneur.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a high or medium voltage earthing switch gas insulation comprising in an envelope, closed tightly to be filled with an insulating gas dielectrically, at least one conductive bar to which corresponds to a contact of earth, a contact of phase fixed to said bar and intended to be connected electrically in contact with the earth for setting earth of said bar, characterized in that the contact of earth is mounted fixed in the envelope facing the phase contact by leaving a space with the latter free, in that a switching element is mounted in the envelope between the phase contact and the earth contact, this switching element comprising on the one hand, a switching contact that short-circuit the space left free between the contact of phase and ground contact to electrically connect earth contact and phase contact when the disconnector is closed and, on the other hand, less partly electrically insulating on which is fixed the switching contact so that the switching contact is electrically isolated from phase contact and earth contact in a open position of the disconnector.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation d'un sectionneur de terre triphasé selon l'invention :

  • les trois barres conductrices parallèles sont agencées selon une configuration en triangle équilatéral et l'élément de commutation est monté rotatif autour d'un axe de rotation disposé au centre du triangle ; cette construction présente l'avantage d'utiliser au maximum l'espace laissé libre entre les barres conductrices ce qui contribue à la réduction de l'encombrement du sectionneur ;
  • l'élément de commutation peut comporter trois contacts de commutation montés selon une configuration en triangle sur un support rotatif en matière isolante électriquement, le support pouvant être avantageusement en forme d'étoile à trois branches ;
  • l'élément de commutation peut être monté rotatif sur un couvercle fermant l'enveloppe.
According to a first embodiment of a three-phase earthing switch according to the invention:
  • the three parallel conductor bars are arranged in an equilateral triangle configuration and the switching element is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation disposed in the center of the triangle; this construction has the advantage of making maximum use of the free space left between the conductive bars, which contributes to reducing the size of the disconnector;
  • the switching element may comprise three switching contacts mounted in a triangle configuration on a rotating support of electrically insulating material, the support being advantageously in the form of a three-pointed star;
  • the switching element can be rotatably mounted on a cover closing the envelope.

Selon un second mode de réalisation d'un sectionneur de terre triphasé selon l'invention :

  • les trois des barres conductrices parallèles sont agencées selon une disposition en rangée et l'élément de commutation est monté coulissant dans l'enveloppe transversalement aux barres conductrices ;
  • l'élément de commutation comporte trois contacts disposés selon une configuration en rangée sur un support coulissant en matière isolante ;
  • le support coulissant est une barre en matière isolante.
According to a second embodiment of a three-phase earthing switch according to the invention:
  • the three of the parallel busbars are arranged in a row arrangement and the switching element is slidably mounted in the casing transverse to the busbars;
  • the switching element comprises three contacts arranged in a row configuration on a sliding support of insulating material;
  • the sliding support is a bar of insulating material.

Le sectionneur de terre selon l'invention peut présenter encore les particularités suivantes :

  • les contacts de l'élément de commutation sont déformables élastiquement ;
  • les contacts de l'élément de commutation sont en forme de U et comprennent des doigts de contacts déformables élastiquemennt,
  • les contacts de l'élément de commutation sont en forme de courbe fermée et comprennent des éléments de contact déformables élastiquement,
  • les contacts de l'élément de commutation sont équipés de deux tiges de commutation destinées à s'insérer chacune dans un contact femelle en forme de tulipe d'un des deux contacts, la tige de commutation correspondant au contact de terre est plus longue que l'autre. Cet agencement des contacts de l'élément de commutation contribue à l'obtention d'une meilleure insertion de ceux-ci dans l'espace laissé libre entre un contact de terre et un contact de phase tout en entraínant une augmentation de la pression de contact favorable pour les fortes valeurs de courants.Plusieurs exemples de réalisation d'un sectionneur de mise à la terre selon l'invention sont décrits ci-après et illustrés par les dessins.
  • La figure 1 est une vue latérale en coupe longitudinale d'un sectionneur de terre triphasé suivant l'invention avec un élément de commutation rotatif.
  • Les figures 1A, 1B, 1C montrent plus en détails un contact de terre fixé dans l'enveloppe.
  • La figure 2 est une vue très schématique selon la coupe selon A-A sur la figure 1 de l'élément de commutation quand le sectionneur de terre est fermé.
  • La figure 3 est analogue à la figure 2 mais dans une position d'ouverture du sectionneur de terre.
  • La figure 4 est une vue très schématique analogue à la figure 2 d'un sectionneur de terre en position fermée ayant un élément de commutation à mouvement translatif.
  • La figure 5 est analogue à la figure 4 mais dans une position d'ouverture du sectionneur de terre.
  • La figure 6 est une vue latérale en coupe longitudinale d'un sectionneur de terre monophasé selon l'invention avec un élément de commutation rotatif.
  • La figure 7 est une vue très schématique en coupe selon A'-A' sur la figure 6 de l'élément de commutation quand le sectionneur de terre est fermé.
  • La figure 8 est analogue à la figure 7 mais dans une position d'ouverture du sectionneur de terre.
  • La figure 9 montre encore une autre disposition d'un sectionneur de terre selon l'invention dans laquelle les contacts de terre et de phase sont alignés transversalement à la barre conductrice. Sur la figure 9, le sectionneur est dans une position de fermeture.
  • La figure 10 montre le sectionneur de terre illustré sur la figure 9 mais dans une position d'ouverture.
  • La figure 11 est une vue de dessus du sectionneur de terre montré sur la figure 10.
The earthing switch according to the invention can still have the following features:
  • the contacts of the switching element are elastically deformable;
  • the contacts of the switching element are U-shaped and comprise elastically deformable contact fingers,
  • the contacts of the switching element are in the form of a closed curve and comprise elastically deformable contact elements,
  • the contacts of the switching element are equipped with two switching rods each intended to fit into a tulip-shaped female contact of one of the two contacts, the switching rod corresponding to the earth contact is longer than the 'other. This arrangement of the contacts of the switching element contributes to obtaining a better insertion thereof in the space left free between a ground contact and a phase contact while causing an increase in the contact pressure. favorable for the high current values. Several embodiments of an earthing switch according to the invention are described below and illustrated by the drawings.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a three-phase earthing switch according to the invention with a rotary switching element.
  • Figures 1A, 1B, 1C show in more detail a ground contact fixed in the envelope.
  • Figure 2 is a very schematic view according to the section on AA in Figure 1 of the switching element when the earthing switch is closed.
  • Figure 3 is similar to Figure 2 but in an open position of the earthing switch.
  • Figure 4 is a very schematic view similar to Figure 2 of a closed earthing switch having a switching element with a translational movement.
  • Figure 5 is similar to Figure 4 but in an open position of the earthing switch.
  • Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a single-phase earthing switch according to the invention with a rotary switching element.
  • Figure 7 is a very schematic sectional view along A'-A 'in Figure 6 of the switching element when the earthing switch is closed.
  • Figure 8 is similar to Figure 7 but in an open position of the earthing switch.
  • Figure 9 shows yet another arrangement of an earthing switch according to the invention wherein the earth and phase contacts are aligned transversely to the conductor bar. In Figure 9, the disconnector is in a closed position.
  • Figure 10 shows the earthing switch shown in Figure 9 but in an open position.
  • Fig. 11 is a top view of the earthing switch shown in Fig. 10.

Sur la figure 1 on a représenté à titre d'exemple non limitatif un sectionneur de terre triphasé selon l'invention avec un élément de commutation rotatif. Le sectionneur de terre comprend, dans une enveloppe 5 fermée de façon étanche pour être remplie d'un gaz diélectrique comme du SF6, trois barres conductrices 1 parallèles agencées selon une configuration en triangle équilatéral, seules deux barres conductrices 1 étant montrées sur la figure 1. Un contact de terre 2 est disposé ici dans le prolongement axial de chaque barre conductrice 1 face à un contact de phase relié électriquement à la barre conductrice correspondante. Le contact de terre et le contact de phase sont séparés l'un de l'autre d'un espace laissé libre E, cet espace E étant suffisant pour assurer une isolation diélectrique. Il est envisageable sans sortir du cadre de l'invention que le contact de terre et le contact de phase soient légèrement décalés de l'axe de la barre correspondante si par exemple le contact de phase est monté sur une petite patte fixée à la barre et s'étendant transversalement à celle-ci. Dans ce cas, le contact de terre et le contact de phase sont encore alignés avec l'axe de la barre conductrice correspondante.In Figure 1 there is shown non-limiting example an earthing switch three phase according to the invention with an element of rotary switching. The earthing switch includes, in a sealed envelope 5 to be filled with a dielectric gas such as SF6, three parallel conductor bars 1 arranged according to a equilateral triangle configuration, only two conductor bars 1 being shown in FIG. A ground contact 2 is disposed here in the axial extension of each conductor bar 1 facing a phase contact electrically connected to the bar corresponding driver. The earth contact and the phase contact are separated from one another space left free E, this space E being sufficient to ensure dielectric isolation. It is conceivable without departing from the scope of the invention that the earth contact and phase contact be slightly offset from the axis of the corresponding bar if for example the phase contact is mounted on a small paw attached to the bar and extending transversely to this one. In this case, the contact of earth and phase contact are still aligned with the axis of the corresponding conductive bar.

Comme visible sur la figure 1, les trois contacts de terre 2 qui sont fixes dans l'enveloppe sont associées respectivement aux trois contacts de phase des barres conductrices 1. Chaque contact de terre est monté traversant dans un couvercle 3 typiquement métallique fixé à l'enveloppe, et est isolé du couvercle par l'intermédiaire d'un tube isolant T plus visible sur la figure 1A. Les dimensions (en particulier l'épaisseur de paroi du tube) sont prévues pour tenir l'isolation entre le contact de terre et le couvercle pendant une impulsion de tension typiquement de l'ordre de quelques kilovolts affectant ce contact de terre. Du côté extérieur du couvercle 3, chaque contact de terre 2 forme une prise de terre 4 destinée à être branchée à la terre et qui sert aussi pour la mesure de la résistance électrique de la barre conductrice qui lui est associée quand le sectionneur est fermé.As shown in Figure 1, the three 2 ground contacts that are fixed in the envelope are associated respectively with the three contacts of phase of the busbars 1. Each contact of earth is mounted through a lid 3 typically metallic attached to the envelope, and is isolated from the lid via a tube T insulation more visible in Figure 1A. The dimensions (in particular the wall thickness of the tube) are provided to hold the insulation between the earth contact and cover during an impulse voltage typically of the order of a few kilovolts affecting this earth contact. On the outside of the cover 3, each earth contact 2 forms a socket earth 4 intended to be connected to the earth and which also used for the measurement of electrical resistance of the busbar associated with it when the disconnector is closed.

Le couvercle 3, qui est généralement réalisé dans le même matériau que l'enveloppe, typiquement en aluminium, ferme de façon étanche l'enveloppe 5 du sectionneur, ici une enveloppe métallique de forme tubulaire. Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 1, le couvercle 3 est disposé à une extrémité de l'enveloppe tubulaire 5, ce qui facilite les opérations de maintenance du sectionneur de terre selon l'invention.The lid 3, which is usually made of the same material as the envelope, typically aluminum, tightly closed the envelope 5 of the disconnector, here an envelope tubular metal. As we can see in FIG. 1, the cover 3 is arranged at a end of the tubular casing 5, which facilitates maintenance operations of the earthing switch according to the invention.

Dans un tel sectionneur de terre selon l'invention, il n'est pas indispensable que les contacts de terre 2 soient électriquement isolés du couvercle 3. Ce couvercle étant généralement métallique et au potentiel de la terre de même que l'enveloppe 5 du sectionneur, il peut servir à évacuer les courants des trois phases vers la terre lors de la fermeture du sectionneur. Bien entendu, il n'est plus possible avec cette configuration de mesurer la résistance électrique d'une barre conductrice, dans la position fermée du sectionneur, par le branchement d'un appareil de test sur le contact de terre correspondant à cette barre.In such a disconnector according to invention, it is not essential that the earth contacts 2 are electrically isolated from the lid 3. This lid is generally metallic and the potential of the earth as well as the envelope 5 of the disconnector, it can be used to evacuate currents from the three phases to the earth when closing the switch. Of course, it is no longer possible with this configuration to measure the electrical resistance of a conducting bar, in the closed position of the disconnector, by connecting a test device on the earth contact corresponding to this bar.

Le sectionneur de terre décrit sur la figure 1 comporte aussi dans l'enveloppe un élément de commutation 6 mobile en rotation dans un plan transversal aux barres 1 et qui est composé d'un support 7 rotatif autour d'un axe R et de trois contacts électriques de commutation 8. Les contacts 8 sont de préférence réalisés avec des matériaux résistants aux arcs électriques, tels que du cuivre recouvert de tungstène. Le support 7 est un support au moins en partie isolant électriquement en forme d'étoile à trois branches, les contacts 8 étant fixés aux extrémités des branches du support 7 de sorte qu'ils sont isolés électriquement des contacts de terre et de phase quand le sectionneur de terre occupe une position d'ouverture. L'arbre de rotation d'axe R qui traverse le couvercle 3 peut être métallique.The earthing switch described on the Figure 1 also includes in the envelope an element of switching 6 mobile in rotation in a plane crosswise to bars 1 and which is composed of a 7 rotating support around an R axis and three switching electrical contacts 8. Contacts 8 are preferably made of materials arc-resistant, such as copper covered with tungsten. The support 7 is a support less partly electrically insulating star with three branches, the contacts 8 being fixed at the ends of the branches of the support 7 so they are electrically insulated from earth contacts and live when the earthing switch occupies a opening position. The shaft of rotation of axis R which through the lid 3 may be metallic.

Sur la figure 1, le sectionneur de terre est fermé et les contacts 8 sont insérés dans l'espace laissé libre E entre un contact de terre 2 et un contact de phase fixé à l'extrémité correspondante d'un barre conductrice 1. Cette extrémité de la barre conductrice est ici avantageusement recouverte d'un métal approprié afin de former le contact de phase 1A. Les contacts 8 sont agencés de telle sorte à être élastiquement déformables (ici selon la direction axiale des barres) pour faciliter leur insertion entre les contacts de phase 1A des barres conductrices 1 et les contacts de terre 2.In Figure 1, the earthing switch is closed and the contacts 8 are inserted into the space left free E between a ground contact 2 and a phase contact attached to the corresponding end of a Bar 1. This end of the bar conductive is here advantageously covered with a metal suitable for forming the phase contact 1A. The contacts 8 are arranged so as to be elastically deformable (here according to the direction axial bars) to facilitate insertion between the phase contacts 1A of the conducting bars 1 and earth contacts 2.

Avantageusement, ces contacts de commutation 8 sont en forme de U avec des doigts de contacts élastiques à chaque extrémité d'une branche du U, de façon à ce que le courant circulant dans une branche soit opposé au courant circulant dans l'autre branche pour tendre à éloigner chaque branche l'une de l'autre pour les valeurs de courant élevées. Ceci augmente la pression de contact entre les doigts de contacts d'une branche du U et le contact fixe de phase ou de terre sur lequel ces doigts appuient, empêchant ainsi l'érosion des contacts. Les bords des doigts de contacts d'un contact de commutation 8 sont arrondis pour des raisons diélectriques et mécaniques.Advantageously, these contacts of switching 8 are U-shaped with fingers of elastic contacts at each end of a branch of the U, so that the current flowing in a branch is opposed to the current flowing in the other branch to tend to move each branch away from one of the other for high current values. This increases the contact pressure between the fingers of U-branch contacts and fixed phase contact or soil on which these fingers support, preventing thus the erosion of contacts. The edges of the fingers of contacts of a switching contact 8 are rounded for dielectric and mechanical reasons.

Les figures 1B et 1C décrivent deux variantes de réalisation des contacts de commutation 8. En effet, sur la figure 1B, chaque contact de commutation 18 présente une forme en courbe fermée, par exemple partiellement ovoïde, fixée au support 7. Chaque contact de commutation 18 peut être fendu par des stries pour favoriser son caractère élastique. Le matériau de base est un bon conducteur électrique, par exemple du cuivre-chrome. Les parties incurvées peuvent être en tungstène, alors que les points de contact, dans la position de contact, sont placés dans une zone sans tungstène. La forme fermée ou ovoïde peut être asymétrique par rapport aux points de contact ou symétrique. Avec une telle forme de contact de commutation 18, le courant peut prendre deux chemins différents, symbolisés par des flèches, des deux côtés de cette forme fermée, les forces de réaction du courant aux éléments de commutation étant réduites.Figures 1B and 1C describe two variants of the switching contacts 8. Indeed, in FIG. 1B, each contact of switchover 18 has a closed curve shape, for partially ovoid example, fixed to the support 7. Each switching contact 18 can be split by streaks to promote its elasticity. The basic material is a good electrical conductor, by example of copper-chromium. Curved parts can be in tungsten, while the points of contact, in the contact position, are placed in a zone without tungsten. The closed or ovoid shape can be asymmetrical with respect to the points of contact or symmetrical. With such a form of contact of switching 18, the current can take two paths different, symbolized by arrows, on both sides of this closed form, the reaction forces of the current to the switching elements being reduced.

La figure 1C illustre une autre variante de réalisation de la forme des éléments de contact. Ces éléments de contact 28 possèdent deux tiges 28A et 28B fixées sur un support conducteur. Lors de la fermeture du sectionneur, ces tiges 28A et 28B pénètrent chacune dans un contact femelle 26 en forme de tulipe, fixé dans une cavité respectivement de la barre conductrice 1'''' et du contact de terre 2''''. Une des deux tiges 28A est plus longue que la deuxième tige 28B de façon à ce qu'elle rentre en contact avec son contact femelle 26 du contact de terre 2'''' avant que la deuxième tige 28B ne rentre en contact avec son contact femelle 26 de la barre conductrice 1''''. Du fait que ces deux tiges 28A et 28B tournent autour de l'axe de rotation R de l'élément de commutation 6, leur position relative à leurs contacts femelles 26 respectifs peut varier légèrement. Aussi, les contacts femelles 26 en forme de tulipe sont élastiques ou sont fixés de façon à pouvoir effectuer un léger mouvement radial par rapport aux tiges 28A et 28B.Figure 1C illustrates another variant of realization of the shape of the contact elements. These contact elements 28 have two rods 28A and 28B fixed on a conductive support. When closing of the disconnector, these rods 28A and 28B penetrate each in a female contact 26 in the form of a tulip, fixed in a cavity respectively of the conductive bar 1 '' '' and earth contact 2 '' ''. One of the two stems 28A is longer than the second rod 28B so as to it comes into contact with its female contact 26 of the earth contact 2 '' '' before the second rod 28B does not come into contact with its female contact 26 of the busbar 1 '' ''. Because these two stems 28A and 28B rotate around the axis of rotation R of the switching element 6, their position relative to their respective female contacts 26 may vary slightly. Also, the female contacts 26 in the form of tulip are elastic or are attached in such a way that they can make a slight radial movement with respect to rods 28A and 28B.

Les doigts de contacts D, illustrés sur les figures 2 et 3 mais plus visibles encore sur la figure 1A, sont recouverts d'un matériau résistant à l'arc électrique comme le tungstène, de telle façon que le tungstène ne touche pas la surface des contacts de phase et de terre mais soit disposé à l'avant des doigts de contacts pour recevoir en premier l'arc électrique. La zone de contact des doigts de contacts sur les contacts fixes de terre et de phase est réalisée en cuivre ou en laiton, de préférence en argent galvanisé. De la même manière ces contacts de phase et de terre respectivement 1A et 2 sont recouverts d'un matériau résistant à l'arc électrique comme le tungstène, par exemple par fixation (par soudage ou autre) d'anneaux de tungstène sur les bords de face frontale et sont par ailleurs galvanisés à l'argent comme cela est connu pour ce type de contact.The fingers of contacts D, illustrated on the figures 2 and 3 but more visible in the figure 1A, are covered with a material resistant to the arc like tungsten, so that the tungsten does not touch the surface of the contacts phase and earth but be arranged in front of fingers of contacts to receive the bow first electric. The contact area of the contact fingers on the fixed contacts of earth and phase is made of copper or brass, preferably in galvanized silver. In the same way these contacts of phase and ground respectively 1A and 2 are covered with an arc-resistant material tungsten, for example by fixation (eg welding or other) of tungsten rings on the edges frontal face and are also galvanized to money as is known for this type of contact.

Les figures 2 et 3 montrent respectivement l'élément de commutation 6 quand le sectionneur est fermé et quand le sectionneur est ouvert. Sur les figures 2 et 3, on a représenté la forme en étoile à trois branches du support 7 et les contacts 8 disposés selon une configuration en triangle aux extrémités des branches du support 7.Figures 2 and 3 show respectively the switching element 6 when the disconnector is closed and when the disconnector is open. On the FIGS. 2 and 3 show the star shape at three branches of the support 7 and the contacts 8 arranged in a triangle configuration at the ends of branches of the support 7.

Pour mettre les barres conductrices 1 à la terre, l'élément de commutation 6 mobile effectue une rotation autour de l'axe de rotation R et les contacts de commutation 8 portés par cet élément 6 viennent s'insérer transversalement à l'axe des barres conductrices 1 dans l'espace laissé libre entre les contacts de phase des barres conductrices 1 et les contacts de terre 2. L'élément de commutation est entraíné en rotation par une commande (non représentée) qui est couplée à l'axe de rotation R (arbre de commande) depuis l'extérieure de l'enveloppe. Les contacts de commutation 8 assurent alors la connexion électrique entre les contacts de phase des barres conductrices 1 et les contacts de terre 2. Sur les figures 2 et 3, on a représenté des contacts 8 à plusieurs doigts de contact élastiquement déformables.To put the busbars 1 to the earth, the mobile switching element 6 performs a rotation around the axis of rotation R and the contacts switching 8 carried by this element 6 come insert transversely to the axis of the bars conductors 1 in the space left free between phase contacts of the busbars 1 and the earth contacts 2. The switching element is rotated by a command (not shown) which is coupled to the axis of rotation R (tree of command) from the outside of the envelope. The switching contacts 8 then provide the connection between the phase contacts of the bars conductors 1 and the earth contacts 2. On the FIGS. 2 and 3 show contacts 8 to several elastically deformable contact fingers.

On voit également sur les figures 2 et 3 que l'axe de rotation R de l'élément de commutation 6 est disposé au centre du triangle défini par la configuration en triangle équilatéral des barres conductrices 1.We can also see in Figures 2 and 3 that the axis of rotation R of the switching element 6 is located at the center of the triangle defined by the equilateral triangle configuration of the bars conductive 1.

Sur la figure 3 on a représenté le sectionneur de terre en position ouverte. Les contacts de commutation 8 sont disposés dans l'espace entre deux barres conductrices adjacentes. Il est avantageux de prévoir des contacts élastiques CE fixés au couvercle, et en contact électrique avec le couvercle, afin de relier électriquement chaque contact de commutation au couvercle dans la position ouverte du sectionneur de terre. Un simple ressort à lame fixé au couvercle peut suffire pour une liaison électrique fiable entre un contact de commutation et le couvercle. On évite ainsi que les contacts de commutation 8 soient chacun à un potentiel flottant en position ouverte, ce qui risquerait de provoquer des décharges partielles.FIG. 3 shows the earthing switch in open position. Contacts 8 are arranged in the space between two adjacent bus bars. It is advantageous to provide elastic contacts CE attached to the cover, and in electrical contact with the lid, in order to electrically connect each switching contact to cover in the open position of the disconnector Earth. A simple leaf spring attached to the cover can suffice for a reliable electrical connection between a switching contact and cover. This avoids that the switching contacts 8 are each at one floating potential in the open position, which may cause partial discharges.

Sur les figures 4 et 5, on a représenté un sectionneur de terre triphasé, qui à la différence du sectionneur de terre montré sur les figures 2 et 3, comporte des barres conductrices parallèles 1' disposées selon une disposition en rangée, c'est à dire dans une configuration de superposition. Comme visible sur ces figures, l'élément de commutation 6' est monté coulissant dans l'enveloppe 5 transversalement aux barres conductrices 1', les contacts de commutation 8' portés par l'élément de commutation 6' venant s'engager dans l'espace laissé libre entre le contact de phase de chaque barre conductrice 1' et chaque contact de terre (non représenté sur ces figures). La figure 4 montre l'élément de commutation 6' quand le sectionneur de terre est fermé et la figure 5 montre l'élément de commutation 6' quand le sectionneur de terre est ouvert.In FIGS. 4 and 5, there is shown a three-phase earthing switch, which unlike the earthing switch shown in Figures 2 and 3, has parallel conducting bars 1 ' disposed in a row arrangement, i.e. in an overlay configuration. As visible in these figures, the switching element 6 'is mounted sliding in the envelope 5 transversely to busbars 1 ', switching contacts 8' carried by the switching element 6 'to engage in the space left free between the phase contact of each conducting bar 1 'and each earth contact (not shown in these figures). Figure 4 shows the switching element 6 'when the disconnector earth is closed and figure 5 shows the element of 6 'switching when the earthing switch is open.

L'élément de commutation 6' est composé d'un support 7' coulissant, ici une barre en matière isolante, sur lequel sont fixés selon une configuration en rangée trois contacts de commutation 8' similaires à ceux présentés pour les figures 1 à 3.The switching element 6 'is composed of a support 7 'sliding, here a bar made of material insulation, on which are fixed according to a configuration row three 8 'switch contacts similar to those shown for Figures 1 to 3.

On a représenté sur les figures 4 et 5 un mécanisme 9' transformant un mouvement rotatif autour d'un axe de rotation R' d'un levier 11' en un mouvement en translation d'une bielle 10' reliée à articulation au support 7' qui est guidé en translation dans un plan perpendiculaire aux barres 1' par des guides 12'. Dans cet exemple de réalisation, l'axe de rotation R' ainsi que les contacts de terre (non représentés) sont montés dans un couvercle qui ferme l'extrémité de l'enveloppe 5.FIGS. 4 and 5 show a 9 'mechanism turning a rotary motion around an axis of rotation R 'of a lever 11' in one movement in translation of a rod 10 'connected to articulation to the support 7 'which is guided in translation in a plane perpendicular to the bars 1 'by guides 12'. In this embodiment, the axis of rotation R 'as well that the earth contacts (not shown) are mounted in a lid that closes the end of the envelope 5.

Pour mettre les barres conductrices 1' à la terre, l'élément de commutation 6' mobile effectue une translation et les contacts de commutation 8' viennent s'insérer transversalement à l'axe des barres conductrices 1' dans l'espace laissé libre entre les contacts de phase des barres conductrices 1' et les contacts de terre. Les contacts 8' assurent alors la connexion électrique entre les contacts de phase des barres conductrices 1' et les contacts de terre 2'.To put the busbars 1 'to the earth, the switching element 6 'mobile performs a translation and switching contacts 8 'come insert transversely to the axis of the bars conductors 1 'in the space left free between phase contacts of the conducting bars 1 'and the earth contacts. The contacts 8 'then ensure the electrical connection between the phase contacts of the conducting bars 1 'and earth contacts 2'.

Sur les figures 6 à 8, on a représenté un sectionneur de terre monophasé avec un élément de commutation 6" mobile rotatif .In Figures 6 to 8, there is shown a single-phase earthing switch with an element of 6 "rotating mobile switching.

Le principe de fonctionnement du sectionneur de terre est le même que celui décrit en relation avec les figures 1 à 3. Comme visible sur les figures 6 à 8, le sectionneur de terre comprend dans l'enveloppe 5 une seule barre conductrice 1" (avec un contact de phase 1A'') coaxiale à l'enveloppe tubulaire 5 et un seul contact de terre 2'' disposé dans le prolongement axial de la barre 1" et monté traversant dans le couvercle 3'' fermant l'enveloppe 5''. L'élément de commutation 6'' porte un seul contact de commutation 8'' tel qu'il a déjà été décrit ci-dessus et est monté sur un support 7'' en matière isolante, ici une branche en matière isolante montée sur un axe de rotation R" traversant le couvercle 3''.The operating principle of the earthing switch is the same as that described in relationship with Figures 1 to 3. As visible on Figures 6 to 8, the earthing switch includes in the casing 5 a single conductor bar 1 "(with a phase contact 1A '') coaxial with the tubular casing 5 and a single earth contact 2 '' disposed in the axial extension of the bar 1 "and mounted through in the lid 3 '' closing the envelope 5 ''. The switching element 6 '' carries a single contact of 8 '' switching as already described above and is mounted on a support 7 "of insulating material, here a branch of insulating material mounted on an axis rotating R "through the lid 3".

Sur les figures 7 et 8, on voit la position centrale de l'unique barre conductrice 1'' et la position excentrée de l'axe de rotation R''.Figures 7 and 8 show the position center of the single conductor bar 1 '' and the eccentric position of the axis of rotation R ''.

Comme on peut le comprendre, la commande du sectionneur de terre selon l'invention vient en prise sur l'axe de rotation R,R',R'' et est de préférence disposée sur le côté extérieur du couvercle fermant l'enveloppe et donc dans le prolongement longitudinal de l'enveloppe ce qui contribue encore à l'obtention d'une grande compacité du sectionneur selon l'invention. As can be understood, the order of earthing switch according to the invention comes into engagement on the axis of rotation R, R ', R' 'and is preferably arranged on the outside of the closing lid the envelope and therefore in the longitudinal extension of the envelope which further contributes to obtaining a great compactness of the disconnector according to the invention.

Sur les figures 9 à 11, on a représenté une autre disposition d'un sectionneur de terre monophasé selon l'invention agencé pour être installé sur un tronçon de la barre conductrice. Un tel sectionneur peut se présenter sous la forme d'un module avec une enveloppe cylindrique suffisamment courte pour pouvoir accéder au montage ou au démontage des éléments du sectionneur. Cette enveloppe entoure une barre conductrice pouvant être maintenue en position de façon classique par des supports isolants tels que par exemple deux cônes isolants fixés aux deux extrémités de l'enveloppe. Un tel module sectionneur de terre est alors destiné à être intercalé de façon étanche entre deux appareils blindés (à isolation au gaz) ou entre un tronçon de ligne et un appareil blindés.In FIGS. 9 to 11, there is shown a other provision of a single-phase earthing switch according to the invention arranged to be installed on a section of the busbar. Such a disconnector can be in the form of a module with a cylindrical envelope short enough to be able to access to the assembly or disassembly of elements of the switch. This envelope surrounds a bar conductive that can be held in position so classical by insulating supports such as by example two insulating cones attached to both ends of the envelope. Such a module earthing switch is then intended to be interposed tightly between two shielded appliances (gas-insulated) or between one line section and an armored unit.

Selon cette disposition du sectionneur, le contact de terre 2''' et le contact de phase 1'''A ne sont pas alignés avec l'axe de la barre conductrice 1'''. Le contact de phase 1'''A est fixé sur le flanc de la barre conductrice tandis que le contact de terre 2'''' est fixé dans l'enveloppe 5 face au contact de phase, ces deux contacts étant alignés transversalement à la barre conductrice en laissant un espace libre E''' entre eux. L'élément de commutation 6''' qui est rotatif comprend un contact de commutation 8''' qui est fixé sur un support rotatif 7''' autour d'un axe de rotation R''' traversant la paroi cylindrique de l'enveloppe. Le support rotatif 7''' est au moins en partie constitué d'un matériau isolant.According to this arrangement of the disconnector, the earth contact 2 '' 'and the phase contact 1' '' A does not are not aligned with the axis of the busbar 1 '' '. The phase contact 1 '' 'A is fixed on the side of the busbar while the earth contact 2 '' '' is fixed in the envelope 5 facing the contact of phase, these two contacts being aligned transversely to the busbar leaving a free space E '' ' between them. The switching element 6 '' 'which is rotary switch comprises a switching contact 8 '' 'which is fixed on a rotating support 7 '' 'around an axis of rotation R '' 'passing through the cylindrical wall of the envelope. The rotary support 7 '' 'is at least part consisting of an insulating material.

Sur la figure 9, le sectionneur de terre est fermé et le contact de commutation est inséré entre les contacts de phase et de terre dans l'espace libre E'''. La figure 10 montre le sectionneur de terre de la figure 9 en position ouverte tandis que la figure 11 montre le sectionneur de terre en position ouverte mais vu de dessus. Comme visible sur la figure 11, l'axe de rotation R''' du support rotatif 7''' est naturellement décalé de l'axe de la barre conductrice 1''' et le support rotatif 7''' est maintenu en position par un palier P fixé à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe et par une traversée étanche TR par laquelle le support rotatif 7''' ressort de l'enveloppe pour être couplé à un organe de commande. Il n'est pas nécessaire que la partie du support 7''' qui traverse l'enveloppe au niveau de la traversée étanche TR soit en un matériau isolant, et cette partie peut avantageusement être séparable du restant du support 7''' afin de faciliter le montage de l'essentiel du support par l'intérieur de l'enveloppe.In Figure 9, the earthing switch is closed and the switch contact is inserted between phase and earth contacts in free space E '' '. Figure 10 shows the earthing switch of the Figure 9 in the open position while Figure 11 shows the earthing switch in open position but seen from above. As shown in Figure 11, the axis of rotation R '' 'of the rotary support 7' '' is naturally offset from the axis of the busbar 1 '' 'and the rotating support 7 '' 'is held in position by a P level fixed inside the enclosure and by a TR watertight crossing through which the rotary support 7 '' 'spring of the envelope to be coupled to a control member. It is not necessary that the part of the support 7 '' 'which passes through the envelope level of the leaktight crossing TR is made of a material insulation, and this part can advantageously be separable from the rest of the support 7 '' 'to facilitate the mounting of the main part of the support by the interior of the envelope.

Le contact de terre 2''' est isolé électriquement de l'enveloppe par un tube isolant T''' similaire au tube T représenté sur la figure 1A. On a représenté sur la figure 11, un contact élastique CE''' sur lequel vient en contact électrique le contact de commutation 8''' quand le sectionneur est complètement ouvert. Comme mentionné précédemment pour les contacts élastiques CE visibles sur les figures 2 et 3, on évite ainsi que le contact de commutation 8''' soit à un potentiel flottant dans la position d'ouverture complète du sectionneur.Earth contact 2 '' 'is isolated electrically from the casing by an insulating tube T '' ' similar to tube T shown in Figure 1A. We have represented in FIG. 11, an elastic contact CE '' ' on which comes into electrical contact the contact of 8 '' 'switching when the disconnector is completely open. As mentioned previously for contacts CE elastics visible in Figures 2 and 3, it avoids as well as the switching contact 8 '' 'is at a floating potential in the open position complete disconnector.

Bien entendu, cette disposition du sectionneur de terre peut être étendue facilement à un sectionneur de terre triphasé, et plus facilement en particulier à un sectionneur de terre pour trois barres conductrices superposées dans une même enveloppe. De même que pour la disposition précédente pour un sectionneur monophasé, on peut utiliser un support rotatif formé en partie par une tige isolante qui est décalée du plan contenant les trois axes des barres conductrices. Chacun des trois contacts de commutation est alors porté par une branche isolante solidaire de la tige et est ainsi mobile dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan des barres. On peut prévoir une réalisation modulaire d'un tel sectionneur de terre triphasé, avec les avantages d'une commande unique pour mettre à la terre les trois phases et d'une relative compacité.Of course, this provision of earthing switch can be easily extended to a three-phase earthing switch, and more easily particular to a three-bar earthing switch superimposed conductors in the same envelope. Of same as for the previous provision for a single-phase disconnector, it is possible to use a support rotary formed in part by an insulating rod which is offset from the plane containing the three axes of the bars conductive. Each of the three switching contacts is then carried by an insulating branch attached to the rod and is so mobile in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the bars. We can foresee a modular realization of such a disconnector three-phase, with the advantages of a single control for ground the three phases and a relative compactness.

Il est évident que l'invention n'est nullement limitée aux modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits et représentés et qui n'ont été donnés qu'à titre d'exemples ; en particulier, on peut, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, modifier certaines dispositions ou remplacer certains moyens par des moyens équivalents ou encore remplacer certains éléments par d'autres susceptibles d'assurer la même fonction technique ou une fonction technique équivalente.It is obvious that the invention is not not limited to the embodiments that come to be described and represented and that have not been given as examples; in particular, one can, without out of the scope of the invention, to modify certain provisions or replace certain means with equivalent means or replace some elements by others likely to ensure the same technical function or a technical function equivalent.

Claims (18)

Un sectionneur de terre haute ou moyenne tension à isolation au gaz comprenant dans une enveloppe (5), fermée de façon étanche pour être remplie d'un gaz isolant diélectriquement, au moins une barre conductrice (1 ; 1' ; 1'' ;1''' ; 1'''') à laquelle correspond un contact de terre (2 ; 2'' ; 2''' ; 2''''), un contact de phase (1A ;1'A ;1'''A) fixé à ladite barre et destiné à être raccordé électriquement au contact de terre pour la mise à la terre de ladite barre, caractérisé en ce que le contact de terre (2 ; 2'' ; 2''' ; 2'''') est monté fixe dans l'enveloppe (5) face au contact de phase (1A,1'A,1'''A) en laissant avec ce dernier un espace libre (E ; E'''), en ce qu'un élément de commutation (6 ;6' ;6'' ;6''') est monté mobile dans l'enveloppe entre le contact de phase et le contact de terre, cet élément de commutation comprenant d'une part, un contact de commutation (8 ;8' ;8" ;8''' ; 18 ; 28) qui vient court-circuiter l'espace laissé libre (E ; E''') entre le contact de phase et le contact de terre pour relier électriquement le contact de terre et le contact de phase lorsque le sectionneur est fermé et d'autre part, un support au moins en partie électriquement isolant (7 ;7' ;7''') sur lequel est fixé le contact de commutation de telle sorte que le contact de commutation est isolé électriquement du contact de phase et du contact de terre dans une position d'ouverture du sectionneur. A gas insulated high or medium voltage earthing switch comprising in a casing (5), sealed to be filled with a dielectrically insulating gas, at least one conductive bar (1; 1 ';1''; 1 1 '''') to which an earth contact (2; 2 ''; 2 ''';2'''') corresponds, a phase contact (1A; 1'A;1'');'A) fixed to said bar and intended to be electrically connected to the earth contact for grounding said bar, characterized in that the earth contact (2; 2'';2'''; 2 '''') is fixedly mounted in the casing (5) facing the phase contact (1A, 1'A, 1 '''a), leaving the latter with a free space (E; E'''), in that a switching element (6; 6 ';6'',6''') is movably mounted in the casing between the phase contact and the earthing contact, this switching element comprising firstly a switching contact (8; 8 '; 8 ";8''';18; 28) which short-circuits the free space (E; E ''') between e phase contact and earth contact for electrically connecting the earth contact and the phase contact when the disconnector is closed and secondly, a support at least partly electrically insulating (7; 7 ';7'''). ) on which the switching contact is fixed so that the switching contact is electrically isolated from the phase contact and the earth contact in an opening position of the disconnector. Le sectionneur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le contact de terre (2 ; 2'') et le contact de phase (1A,1'A) sont disposés en alignement avec l'axe de la barre conductrice.The isolator according to claim 1, wherein the earth contact (2; 2 '') and the contact (1A, 1'A) are arranged in alignment with the axis of the busbar. Le sectionneur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le contact de terre (2,2'') et le contact de phase (1A,1'A) sont disposés dans le prolongement axial de la barre conductrice.The isolator according to claim 2, in which the earth contact (2,2 '') and the contact phase (1A, 1'A) are arranged in the extension axial of the conductor bar. Le sectionneur selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel le contact de commutation (8,8',8'') est mobile transversalement à la barre conductrice.The isolator according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the switching contact (8,8 ', 8' ') is movable transversely to the conductive bar. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant trois barres conductrices (1) parallèles agencées selon une configuration en triangle équilatéral et dans lequel l'élément de commutation (6) est monté rotatif autour d'un axe de rotation (R) disposé au centre du triangle.The disconnector according to one of preceding claims, comprising three bars parallel conductors (1) arranged according to a equilateral triangle configuration and in which the switching element (6) is rotatably mounted around an axis of rotation (R) disposed in the center of the triangle. Le sectionneur selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'élément de commutation (6) comporte trois contacts de commutation (8) montés selon une configuration en triangle sur un support rotatif (7).The disconnector according to claim 5, wherein the switching element (6) has three switching contacts (8) mounted according to a triangle configuration on a rotating support (7). Le sectionneur selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le support (7) rotatif est un support en forme d'étoile à trois branches chacune en matière isolante électriquement. The disconnector according to claim 6, wherein the rotatable support (7) is a support in star shape with three branches each electrically insulating. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel l'élément de commutation (6) est monté rotatif sur un couvercle (3 ; 3") fermant l'enveloppe.The disconnector according to one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the element of switching (6) is rotatably mounted on a cover (3; 3 ") closing the envelope. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant trois barres conductrices (1') parallèles agencées selon une disposition en rangée et dans lequel l'élément de commutation (6') est monté coulissant dans l'enveloppe transversalement aux barres conductrices (1').The disconnector according to one of Claims 1 to 4, comprising three bars parallel conductors (1 ') arranged according to a row layout and in which the element of switching (6 ') is slidably mounted in the casing transversely to the busbars (1 '). Le sectionneur selon la revendication 9, dans lequel l'élément de commutation (6') comporte trois contacts de commutation (8') disposés selon une configuration en rangée sur un support (7') coulissant.The disconnector according to the claim 9, wherein the switching element (6 ') comprises three switching contacts (8 ') arranged in a row configuration on a support (7 ') sliding. Le sectionneur selon la revendication 10, dans lequel le support (7') coulissant est une barre en matière isolante.The disconnector according to the claim 10, in which the sliding support (7 ') is a bar made of insulating material. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel chaque contact de commutation (8 ; 8' ; 8'') comprend des doigts de contacts déformables élastiquement.The disconnector according to one of preceding claims, wherein each contact (8; 8 '; 8' ') includes fingers elastically deformable contacts. Le sectionneur selon la revendication 12, dans lequel chaque contact de commutation (8 ; 8' ;8'') est en forme de U avec les doigts de contacts disposés à chaque extrémité d'une branche du U, de façon à ce que le courant circulant dans une branche du U soit opposé au courant circulant dans l'autre branche lorsque ledit contact de commutation raccorde entre eux un contact de terre et un contact de phase.The disconnector according to the claim 12, wherein each switching contact (8; 8 ', 8' ') is U-shaped with contact fingers arranged at each end of a branch of the U, so that the current flowing in a branch of the U is opposed to the current flowing in the other branch when said switching contact connects with one another an earth contact and a phase contact. Le sectionneur selon la revendication 12, dans lequel chaque contact de commutation (18) est en forme de courbe fermée avec les éléments élastiques de contacts disposés à deux secteurs de cette courbe fermée, de façon à ce que le courant circulant de l'un côté de contact vers l'autre soit partagé entre les deux moitiés de cette courbe fermée lorsque ledit contact de commutation raccordé entre eux un contact de terre et un contact de phase.The disconnector according to the claim 12, wherein each switching contact (18) is in the form of a closed curve with the elastic elements of contacts arranged in two sectors of this curve closed, so that the current flowing from one contact side to the other is shared between two halves of this closed curve when said switching contact connected to one another earth and a phase contact. Le sectionneur selon la revendication 12, dans lequel chaque contact de commutation est équipé avec deux tiges de commutation (28A, 28B) fixées à un support conducteur (28) de l'élément de commutation (6) destinées à venir s'insérer chacune dans un contact femelle (26) en forme de tulipe d'un des deux contacts (1'''', 2'''').The disconnector according to the claim 12, in which each switching contact is equipped with two switching rods (28A, 28B) fixed to a conductive support (28) of the switching (6) intended to fit each in a tulip-shaped female contact (26) of a two contacts (1 '' '', 2 '' ''). Le sectionneur selon la revendication 15, dans lequel la tige de commutation (28A) correspondant au contact de terre (22) est plus longue que l'autre.The disconnector according to the claim 15, wherein the switching rod (28A) corresponding to the earth contact (22) is longer that the other. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, dans lequel chaque contact de terre (2 ; 2'' ;2''') est fixé à l'enveloppe (5) par l'intermédiaire d'un tube isolant (T ;T'''), de façon à isoler électriquement de l'enveloppe ce contact de terre.The disconnector according to one of Claims 1 to 16, wherein each contact of earth (2; 2 ''; 2 '' ') is fixed to the casing (5) by through an insulating tube (T; T '' ') so as to electrically isolate from the envelope this contact of Earth. Le sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, dans lequel au moins un contact élastique (CE ;CE''') est fixé à l'enveloppe (5), afin de relier électriquement un contact de commutation (8, 8', 8'' ;8''') à l'enveloppe (5) lorsque le sectionneur de terre est dans une position d'ouverture complète pour éviter un potentiel flottant de ce contact de commutation.The disconnector according to one of Claims 1 to 17, wherein at least one contact Elastic (CE; CE '' ') is attached to the shell (5), so electrically connecting a switching contact (8, 8 ', 8' ', 8' '') to the casing (5) when the disconnector earth is in a fully open position to avoid a floating potential of this contact of switching.
EP04103896A 2003-08-14 2004-08-12 Earthing switch Active EP1507274B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0309961A FR2858879B1 (en) 2003-08-14 2003-08-14 EARTH DISCONNECT
FR0309961 2003-08-14

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EP1507274A1 true EP1507274A1 (en) 2005-02-16
EP1507274B1 EP1507274B1 (en) 2006-10-04

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US (1) US6995330B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1507274B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1303733C (en)
AT (1) ATE341828T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004002634T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2858879B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7943881B2 (en) 2005-10-14 2011-05-17 Areva T&D Ag Grounding disconnector and a method of manufacturing such a grounding disconnector
CN102496495A (en) * 2011-12-20 2012-06-13 施耐德万高(天津)电气设备有限公司 Energy storage spring operating mechanism for low-voltage disconnecting switch

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JP4601487B2 (en) * 2005-05-02 2010-12-22 三菱電機株式会社 Gas insulated switchgear
EP2169794A1 (en) * 2008-09-26 2010-03-31 Eaton Electric B.V. Switching installation with arc protection and arc protection method
JP5546338B2 (en) * 2010-04-30 2014-07-09 三菱電機株式会社 Gas insulated instrument transformer
CN102568918A (en) * 2010-12-10 2012-07-11 沈阳工业大学 Three-phase rotation type double-fracture vacuum arc extinguishing chamber
CN110137021B (en) * 2018-02-09 2024-05-03 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 Transformer system including a transformer tractor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7943881B2 (en) 2005-10-14 2011-05-17 Areva T&D Ag Grounding disconnector and a method of manufacturing such a grounding disconnector
CN102496495A (en) * 2011-12-20 2012-06-13 施耐德万高(天津)电气设备有限公司 Energy storage spring operating mechanism for low-voltage disconnecting switch
CN102496495B (en) * 2011-12-20 2014-04-30 施耐德万高(天津)电气设备有限公司 Energy storage spring operating mechanism for low-voltage disconnecting switch

Also Published As

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US20050035087A1 (en) 2005-02-17
DE602004002634T2 (en) 2007-08-16
FR2858879B1 (en) 2005-10-21
DE602004002634D1 (en) 2006-11-16
FR2858879A1 (en) 2005-02-18
US6995330B2 (en) 2006-02-07
CN1581617A (en) 2005-02-16
CN1303733C (en) 2007-03-07
ATE341828T1 (en) 2006-10-15
EP1507274B1 (en) 2006-10-04

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