EP1490593A1 - Soupape d'injection de carburant - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de carburant

Info

Publication number
EP1490593A1
EP1490593A1 EP03731607A EP03731607A EP1490593A1 EP 1490593 A1 EP1490593 A1 EP 1490593A1 EP 03731607 A EP03731607 A EP 03731607A EP 03731607 A EP03731607 A EP 03731607A EP 1490593 A1 EP1490593 A1 EP 1490593A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
injection valve
fuel
elastic sealing
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03731607A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Detlef Nowak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1490593A1 publication Critical patent/EP1490593A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
    • F02M2200/306—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injector which has a guide body (referred to there as a guide element 35) for guiding the lower, downstream end of the valve needle.
  • the lower, downstream end of the ' valve needle is referred to as the valve closing body and, in cooperation with the guide body, serves in particular to seal the
  • the sealing effect is achieved through a relatively low guide clearance, low-wear materials and low manufacturing tolerances.
  • a disadvantage of the fuel injector known from the abovementioned publications is, in particular, that the inflow of non-swirled fuel into the combustion chamber is only inadequately achieved through the gap between the guide body and valve closing body.
  • the inflow of swirled fuel through the gap described is also referred to as a leakage flow.
  • the gap is kept small by using small manufacturing tolerances. On the one hand, manufacturing tolerances cannot be realized as small as desired, so they have limits, on the other hand they become disproportionately more expensive to manufacture the closer the manufacturing tolerances are to those limits.
  • the gap widens over the course of its service life due to frictional wear.
  • a so-called pre-jet emerges from the spray opening at the start of the injection.
  • This pre-jet is largely untwisted and always undesirable, since it does not correspond to the desired geometry of the injected fuel cloud and, in particular with direct fuel injection into the combustion chamber, causes deposits in the area of the spray opening, but at least does not counteract it.
  • the leakage flow significantly hinders the swirl preparation of the fuel and leads to a lengthened and enlarged pre-jet.
  • the leakage flow increases in the course of the service life in such a way that the flow values q ⁇ yn and -d Q stat are outside the permissible tolerance.
  • the needle stroke and valve opening times can be selected to be small and the number of swirl channels increased. This results in a slow and undisturbed swirl build-up. These measures result however at the same time to a lower valve dynamic.
  • the increased number of swirl channels increases the design effort and thus the costs.
  • the slower swirl build-up increases the sensitivity to dirt and thus the risk of deposits.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the leakage flow of fuel passing through the gap between the guide body and the valve closing member is prevented.
  • the sealing device according to the invention makes it possible to dispense with cost-intensive measures for reducing the leakage flow, as are known from the prior art.
  • cost-intensive, low manufacturing tolerances for producing a minimized gap between the guide body and the valve closing body guided in it can be dispensed with.
  • the materials used for the guide body and the valve closing body can be optimized, in particular with regard to the guide function, since the task of leakage current sealing no longer falls within the scope of these components.
  • the swirl formation Since there is no leakage current, the swirl formation, especially at the beginning, is improved and the pre-jet is reduced. Since the sealing effect of the sealing device according to the invention is permanent, ie is not subject to wear and tear which causes the leakage flow to increase over the service life, the permissible limit values for the jet angle can be reliably maintained over the entire service life of the fuel injector, as can the required flow values q dyn and d Q stat without having to resort to measures that are detrimental to the valve dynamics.
  • the risk of deposits on the spray geometry of a fuel injector is increased in spray geometries that protrude directly into the combustion chamber or are in direct contact with it.
  • the swirl formation which develops early in the fuel injection valve according to the invention at the start of injection reduces the risk of deposits forming on the spray geometry.
  • the invention can be used particularly advantageously for fuel injection valves which have a so-called cardanic valve needle guide, since the problem of leakage flow sealing is particularly critical here.
  • the cardanic valve needle guide has a spherical valve closing body on the spray-side end of the valve needle, which is guided in a guide body.
  • the sealing effect to prevent the leakage flow is achieved here by the interaction of the inner surface of the guide body and the only short immediate area around the ball equator of the valve closing body. Due to the much shorter sealing length of the lower valve needle guide compared to fuel injectors with a cylindrical valve closing body, compliance with limit values is even more difficult to master. In particular, the wear and the dependence of the leakage flow on the wear is increased.
  • fuel injectors with cardanic valve needle guidance have other advantages.
  • they can be manufactured much more cost-effectively than designs with a cylindrical valve closing body.
  • the sealing device according to the invention allows cost savings in two respects.
  • the measure itself is less expensive than the measures of the prior art.
  • it allows the use of the inexpensive cardanic valve needle guide.
  • the measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous further developments of the fuel injector specified in the main claim.
  • the sealing device can be attached to the valve needle via a flange such that the elastic part of the sealing device influences the closing or opening process of the fuel injector.
  • the movements of the valve needle can in particular be damped, slowed down or accelerated.
  • the shape of the elastic sealing body encompassed by the sealing device should be adaptable to the structural requirements.
  • a toroidal, elastic sealing body conceivable, which is only in its position, e.g. is held between a flange and the Fuhrungskorper, wherein it is constantly acted upon by a compressive force from the outside.
  • frictional forces or adhesive connections can hold the elastic sealing body in its position.
  • the elastic sealing body consists of an elastomer, since it is widely used
  • valve needle passes through the flange or the elastic sealing body and the flange and the elastic sealing element are disk-shaped, the forces that occur between these parts can be applied to the flange, elastic sealing body, valve needle and guide body evenly.
  • the sealing arrangement of the elastic sealing body between the flange and the guide body has the particular advantage that it is not necessary to connect the elastic sealing element directly to the valve needle. If the valve needle and the elastic sealing element were connected directly, the shear forces that occur would have an unfavorable effect on the service life of the connection. Further advantages arise, for example, in the case of an L-shaped profile of the flange, which can be produced cost-effectively without cutting and also has a higher strength due to the non-cutting production.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic section through an embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic partial section of the spray-side end of the embodiment of the fuel injector according to it and
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail of the section designated III of the schematic partial section shown in Fig. 2 in the region of the valve closing body and guide body.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, semi-ignited internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injector 1 is particularly suitable for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel fine injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4, which cooperates with a valve seat surface 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
  • fuel injector 1 is a fuel injector 1 that opens inward and has a spray opening 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a solenoid 10.
  • the magnet coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a coil carrier 12 which bears against an inner pole 13 of the magnet coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from one another by a constriction 26 and are connected to one another by a non-ferromagnetic connection component 29.
  • the magnet coil 10 is excited via a line 19 by an electrical current that can be supplied via an electrical plug contact 17.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 18, which can be molded onto the inner pole 13.
  • the valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is disc-shaped.
  • a paired adjusting disc 15 is used for stroke adjustment.
  • the armature 20 is located on the other side of the adjusting disc 15. This armature is non-positively connected to the valve needle 3 via a first flange 21, which is connected to the valve needle by a weld seam 22. first flange 21 is connected.
  • a restoring spring 23 is supported on the first flange 21, which in the present design of the fuel injector 1 is preloaded by a sleeve 24.
  • Fuel channels 30a to 30c run in the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and in the nozzle body 2. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the fuel injector 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a fuel rail, not shown, and by a seal 34 against a cylinder head, not shown.
  • An annular damping element 32 which consists of an elastomer material, is arranged on the spray-side side of the armature 20. It rests on a second flange 31, which is non-positively connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld seam 33.
  • the armature 20 In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction in such a way that the valve closing body 4 is held in sealing contact with the valve seat surface 6.
  • the magnetic coil 10 When the magnetic coil 10 is excited, it builds up a magnetic field which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, the stroke being predetermined by a working gap 27 which is in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20.
  • the armature 20 also takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, in the lifting direction.
  • the valve closing body 4 connected to the valve needle 3 lifts off from the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel supplied via the swirl device 36 is sprayed through the spray opening 7.
  • a guide body 35, a swirl device 36 and the sealing device 40 according to the invention consisting of a flange 41 and an elastic sealing body 42, are provided, which are explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the end of the embodiment of the fuel injector 1 shown in FIG 1 comprises in particular a valve closing body 4, a guiding body 35, a swirl device 36 and the sealing device 40 according to the invention.
  • the swirl device 36 is located upstream of the valve seat surface 6, which is formed on the valve seat body 5.
  • the swirl device 36 consists of a swirl disk 38, the fuel channels (not shown) of which have a tangential component and open into a swirl chamber 37.
  • the fuel is conducted through the fuel channel 30c, past the flange 41, the elastic sealing body 42 and the guide body 35 to the swirl disk 38. After the fuel has passed the swirl disk 38, it enters the dali chamber 37 with a directional component that is tangential to the valve needle axis 43, is swirled and finally sprayed through the spray opening 7 into the combustion chamber (not shown).
  • the sealing device 40 which in this exemplary embodiment consists of the flange 41 and the elastic sealing body 42, prevents the entry of fuel from the fuel channel 30c through the gap 39 between the guide body 35 and the valve closing element 4 in FIG the swirl chamber 37.
  • the flange 41 is hydraulically sealed and non-positive, for example attached to the valve needle 3 by welding, soldering, gluing, pressing and / or shrinking.
  • the elastic sealing body 42 is always in hydraulic contact with the flange 41 as well as with the upstream side of the guide body 35.
  • the dimensions and the elasticity of the elastic sealing body 42 are dimensioned such that the sealing body 42 holds a hydraulically sealing connection between the guide body 35 and the flange 41 both when the fuel injector 1 is closed and when it is open.
  • All parts of the sealing device 40 and their connection points are temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant and further constructed and attached so that they do not significantly increase the force required to close the fuel injector 1 and thus do not significantly affect the valve dynamics.
  • the selection of materials and the shape of the parts of the sealing device 42 are optimized, inter alia, for low weight in order to keep inertial forces low.
  • the Fuhrungskorper 35 is used to guide the downstream part of the valve needle 3 over the spherical valve closing body 4.
  • the arrangement shown with spherical valve closing body 4, which takes over the downstream guidance of the valve needle 3 through the guide body 35, is also referred to as a cardan valve needle guide.
  • Fig. 3 shows a detail enlargement of the greatly exaggerated gap 39, which arises between the spherical valve closing body 4 and the guide body 35 through play.
  • the elastic sealing body 42 is attached upstream of the guide body 35.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and z. B. also applicable for outward opening fuel injectors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une soupape d'injection de carburant (1), notamment pour l'injection directe de carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, laquelle soupape comporte une tige (3) pourvue, à une extrémité côté projection, d'un élément de fermeture de soupape (4) qui coopère avec la surface (6) d'un siège de soupape formé sur l'élément (5) d'un siège de soupape pour constituer un siège d'étanchéité, ledit élément de fermeture de soupape étant déplacé dans un corps de guidage (35). Un dispositif de turbulence (36) génère une turbulence dans le carburant dans une chambre à turbulence (37). L'élément (5) de siège de soupape est pourvu d'un orifice de projection (7). L'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'un dispositif d'étanchéité (40) au moins partiellement élastique empêche le carburant de s'écouler dans la chambre à turbulence (37), à travers un interstice (39) entre le corps de guidage (35) et l'élément de fermeture de soupape (4).
EP03731607A 2002-03-27 2003-01-09 Soupape d'injection de carburant Withdrawn EP1490593A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10213857A DE10213857A1 (de) 2002-03-27 2002-03-27 Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE10213857 2002-03-27
PCT/DE2003/000040 WO2003081022A1 (fr) 2002-03-27 2003-01-09 Soupape d'injection de carburant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1490593A1 true EP1490593A1 (fr) 2004-12-29

Family

ID=27816011

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03731607A Withdrawn EP1490593A1 (fr) 2002-03-27 2003-01-09 Soupape d'injection de carburant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1490593A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005520980A (fr)
KR (1) KR20040093188A (fr)
DE (1) DE10213857A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003081022A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1811166A1 (fr) * 2006-01-24 2007-07-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ensemble à vanne pour une soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection
EP2110541A1 (fr) * 2008-04-18 2009-10-21 MAGNETI MARELLI POWERTRAIN S.p.A. Injecteur de carburant avec actionnement de volet direct pour moteurs à combustion interne

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007162678A (ja) * 2005-11-16 2007-06-28 Toyota Motor Corp 燃料噴射弁
CN114440038B (zh) * 2021-12-21 2024-03-22 河南中泽新材料股份有限公司 管道接口密封组件及同层排水旋流器组合结构

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5642862A (en) * 1995-07-28 1997-07-01 Siemens Automotive Corporation Fuel injection valve having a guide diaphragm and method for assembling
DE19736682A1 (de) * 1997-08-22 1999-02-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE19815780A1 (de) * 1998-04-08 1999-10-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil und Verfahren zur Montage eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils
DE19907860A1 (de) * 1998-08-27 2000-03-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
US6065692A (en) * 1999-06-09 2000-05-23 Siemens Automotive Corporation Valve seat subassembly for fuel injector
DE19956830C2 (de) * 1999-11-25 2002-07-18 Siemens Ag Durchführung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO03081022A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1811166A1 (fr) * 2006-01-24 2007-07-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ensemble à vanne pour une soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection
EP2110541A1 (fr) * 2008-04-18 2009-10-21 MAGNETI MARELLI POWERTRAIN S.p.A. Injecteur de carburant avec actionnement de volet direct pour moteurs à combustion interne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10213857A1 (de) 2003-10-09
KR20040093188A (ko) 2004-11-04
WO2003081022A1 (fr) 2003-10-02
JP2005520980A (ja) 2005-07-14

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