EP1484642A1 - Binder für lichtunempfindliche thermographische Aufzeichnungsmaterialien - Google Patents
Binder für lichtunempfindliche thermographische Aufzeichnungsmaterialien Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1484642A1 EP1484642A1 EP04102271A EP04102271A EP1484642A1 EP 1484642 A1 EP1484642 A1 EP 1484642A1 EP 04102271 A EP04102271 A EP 04102271A EP 04102271 A EP04102271 A EP 04102271A EP 1484642 A1 EP1484642 A1 EP 1484642A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thermographic recording
- recording material
- vinyl
- monomer units
- binder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- CBECDWUDYQOTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbut-3-enal Chemical compound CCC(C=C)C=O CBECDWUDYQOTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl vinyl ketone Natural products CCCC(=O)C=C JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical group CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QEQVCPKISCKMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-benzo[f][1,2]benzoxazine Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=C(C=CNO3)C3=CC=C21 QEQVCPKISCKMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CCGGDOVGIDSGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[f][1,2]benzoxazine-1,2-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(C(=O)NO3)=O)C3=CC=C21 CCGGDOVGIDSGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YFURRWKTIKKJEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methoxy-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O1C(=O)NC(=O)C=2C1=CC(OC)=CC=2 YFURRWKTIKKJEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HQUVXRFXGBZDNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyl-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O1C(=O)NC(=O)C=2C1=CC(C)=CC=2 HQUVXRFXGBZDNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- -1 polyvinyl chloride Chemical class 0.000 description 55
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 33
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 18
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 16
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 10
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011354 acetal resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- AQRYNYUOKMNDDV-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver behenate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O AQRYNYUOKMNDDV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 5
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical class C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940042795 hydrazides for tuberculosis treatment Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000007651 thermal printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- ARWCZKJISXFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ARWCZKJISXFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UXTZUUVTGMDXNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzoxazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(=O)NOC2=C1 UXTZUUVTGMDXNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YQUVCSBJEUQKSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 YQUVCSBJEUQKSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005206 1,2-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008319 1H-pyrimidin-2-ones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UCQUAMAQHHEXGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3',4'-dihydroxyacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCQUAMAQHHEXGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IBGBGRVKPALMCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1O IBGBGRVKPALMCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NUWHYWYSMAPBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydroxybenzonitrile Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1O NUWHYWYSMAPBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZAUWHJDUNRCTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 DZAUWHJDUNRCTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical class NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101000682328 Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) 50S ribosomal protein L18 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004801 Chlorinated PVC Substances 0.000 description 2
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- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
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- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VFPFQHQNJCMNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl gallate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 VFPFQHQNJCMNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N mellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBSFWRHWHYMIOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 FBSFWRHWHYMIOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
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- GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole Chemical class SC1=NN=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFZVZKUDBIJAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid silver Chemical compound [Ag].OC(C(=O)O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DFZVZKUDBIJAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 description 1
- 125000003504 2-oxazolinyl group Chemical group O1C(=NCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- WZHHYIOUKQNLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5,6-tetrachlorophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C(O)=O WZHHYIOUKQNLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCYGLFXKCBFGPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-Dihydroxy hydroxymethyl benzene Natural products OCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PCYGLFXKCBFGPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFIRODWJCYBBHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C(O)=O KFIRODWJCYBBHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001479434 Agfa Species 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920008347 Cellulose acetate propionate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004262 Ethyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malondialdehyde Chemical class O=CCC=O WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004482 WACKER® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004036 acetal group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DRFCSTAUJQILHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;benzoic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DRFCSTAUJQILHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMZINYUKVRMNTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;formic acid Chemical compound OC=O.CC(O)=O ZMZINYUKVRMNTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASRPLWIDQZYBQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;pentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCCC(O)=O ASRPLWIDQZYBQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAMPNQJDUFQVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;phthalic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O GAMPNQJDUFQVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008360 acrylonitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAYRYNVEFFWSHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carsalam Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 OAYRYNVEFFWSHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JTXUVYOABGUBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC JTXUVYOABGUBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019277 ethyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxazole Chemical compound C=1C=NOC=1 CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005439 maleimidyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC(N1*)=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IBKQQKPQRYUGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl gallate Natural products CC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 IBKQQKPQRYUGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006574 non-aromatic ring group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000473 propyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075579 propyl gallate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VTGOHKSTWXHQJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidin-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=NC=CC=N1 VTGOHKSTWXHQJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940054334 silver cation Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YRSQDSCQMOUOKO-KVVVOXFISA-M silver;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O YRSQDSCQMOUOKO-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;benzoate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MNMYRUHURLPFQW-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O MNMYRUHURLPFQW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LTYHQUJGIQUHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O LTYHQUJGIQUHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ORYURPRSXLUCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;octadecanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ORYURPRSXLUCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorophthalic anhydride Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1Cl AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010512 thermal transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004001 thioalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007944 thiolates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/494—Silver salt compositions other than silver halide emulsions; Photothermographic systems ; Thermographic systems using noble metal compounds
- G03C1/498—Photothermographic systems, e.g. dry silver
- G03C1/4989—Photothermographic systems, e.g. dry silver characterised by a thermal imaging step, with or without exposure to light, e.g. with a thermal head, using a laser
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/494—Silver salt compositions other than silver halide emulsions; Photothermographic systems ; Thermographic systems using noble metal compounds
- G03C1/498—Photothermographic systems, e.g. dry silver
- G03C1/49836—Additives
- G03C1/49863—Inert additives, e.g. surfactants, binders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/494—Silver salt compositions other than silver halide emulsions; Photothermographic systems ; Thermographic systems using noble metal compounds
- G03C1/498—Photothermographic systems, e.g. dry silver
- G03C1/49872—Aspects relating to non-photosensitive layers, e.g. intermediate protective layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/7614—Cover layers; Backing layers; Base or auxiliary layers characterised by means for lubricating, for rendering anti-abrasive or for preventing adhesion
- G03C2001/7635—Protective layer
Definitions
- the present invention concerns binders for use in the thermosensitive elements of substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials.
- Thermography is an image-forming process including a heating step and hence includes photothermography in which the image-forming process includes image-wise exposure and direct thermal processes in which the image-forming process includes an image-wise heating step.
- direct thermal printing a visible image pattern is produced by image-wise heating of a recording material.
- EP-A 0 752 616 further discloses that the film-forming binder of the recording layer containing the substantially light-insensitive organic heavy metal salt may be all kinds of natural, modified natural or synthetic resins or mixtures of such resins, wherein the organic heavy metal salt can be dispersed homogeneously: e.g. cellulose derivatives such as ethylcellulose, cellulose esters, e.g.
- cellulose nitrate carboxymethylcellulose, starch ethers, galactomannan
- polymers derived from ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated compounds such as polyvinyl chloride, after-chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate and partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetals that are made from polyvinyl alcohol as starting material in which only a part of the repeating vinyl alcohol units may have reacted with an aldehyde, preferably polyvinyl butyral, copolymers of acrylonitrile and acrylamide, polyacrylic acid esters, polymethacrylic acid esters, polystyrene and polyethylene or mixtures thereof.
- EP-A 0 752 616 also alludes to binders suitable for use in the non-organic silver salt containing donor layers used in reductor transfer printing which include: cellulose derivatives, such as ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate formate, cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate pentanoate, cellulose acetate benzoate, cellulose triacetate; vinyl-type resins and derivatives, such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, copolyvinyl butyral-vinyl acetal-vinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetoacetal, polyacrylamide; polymers and copolymers derivated from acrylates and acrylate derivatives, such as polymethyl methacrylate and styrene-acrylate copolymers
- the binder for the donor layer of the present invention comprises poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) or a mixture of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) and a toluenesulphonamide condensation product.
- EP-A 0 809 144 discloses a substantially non-photosensitive recording material comprising a thermosensitive element comprising a substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt, an organic reducing agent therefor in thermal working relationship therewith and a binder, on a support, characterized in that said thermosensitive element further comprises in reactive association with said substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt and said organic reducing agent a substituted or unsubstituted 1,2,4-triazole compound with at least one of the nitrogen atoms having a hydrogen atom and none of the carbon atoms being part of a thione-group, said compound not being annulated with an aromatic ring system.
- thermosensitive element may be all kinds of natural, modified natural or synthetic resins or mixtures of such resins, wherein the organic heavy metal salt can be dispersed homogeneously: e.g. cellulose derivatives such as ethylcellulose, cellulose esters, e.g.
- cellulose nitrate carboxymethylcellulose, starch ethers, galactomannan
- polymers derived from ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated compounds such as polyvinyl chloride, after-chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate and partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetals that are made from polyvinyl alcohol as starting material in which only a part of the repeating vinyl alcohol units may have reacted with an aldehyde, preferably polyvinyl butyral, copolymers of acrylonitrile and acrylamide, polyacrylic acid esters, polymethacrylic acid esters, polystyrene and polyethylene or mixtures thereof.
- JP 2001-13618A discloses a heat developing sensitive material containing organic silver, a photosensitive silver halide, a developer, and a binder resin at least on a base material, said binder resin containing a polyvinyl aceto acetal resin in 70% by weight or more among [ all ] the binder resin, said polyvinyl aceto acetal resin being characterized by the degree of acetalization of more than 50mol%.
- EP-A 1 241 520 discloses a silver salt photothermographic dry imaging material comprising a support having thereon a photosensitive layer comprising silver aliphatic carboxylate grains and photosensitive silver halide grains, a reducing agent for silver ions, a binder and a cross-linking agent, wherein the photothermographic material has a silver coverage of 1.0 to 1.7 g/m 2 ; the photosensitive silver halide grains have a mean grain size of 0.03 to 0.05 ⁇ m and a degree of grain size dispersity of not more than 30%; after the dry imaging material has been subjected to photothermographic processing at a temperature of 100 to 200°C for 5 to 50 seconds, the photosensitive layer exhibits a thermal transition temperature of 46 to 200°C.
- binder incorporated in the photosensitive layer which includes such as silver aliphatic carboxylates, photosensitive silver halide grains and reducing agent on a support, can be employed high polymers well known in the art.
- the high polymers have a Tg of 70 to 105°C.
- the examples include: compounds comprised of polymers or copolymers containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers as constitutive units such as vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol, maleic acid, acrylic acid, acrylate ester, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, methacrylic acid, methacrylate ester, styrene, butadiene, ethylene, vinyl butyral, vinyl aceto-acetal and vinyl ether; polyurethane resins and various kinds of rubber resin.
- EP-A 1 270 608 which corresponds to WO 01/053357A1 and JP 2002-201215, discloses a polyvinyl acetal resin for heat-developable photosensitive materials which is a polyvinyl acetal resin synthesized by the acetalization reaction between a polyvinyl alcohol and an aldehyde and which comprises having a degree of polymerization of 200 to 3,000, a residual acetyl group content of 0 to 25 mole percent and a residual hydroxyl content of 17 to 35 mole percent, as calculated while regarding one acetal group as two acetalized hydroxyl groups, a water content of not more than 2.5% by weight and a residual aldehyde content of not more than 10 ppm and is free of any antioxidant, preferably having a glass transition temperature of 55 to 110°C.
- Resins containing vinyl alcohol, vinyl acetal and vinyl butyral monomer units are disclosed in Examples 4, 5, 6 and 8 with glass transition temperatures of 80, 70, 76, 103 and 93°C respectively of EP-A 1 270 608 and had the compositions given in Table 2: Example No.
- EP-A 1 278 101 discloses a photothermographic imaging material comprising a support having thereon a photosensitive layer comprising a photosensitive silver halide, a light-insensitive organic silver salt, a binder, and a reducing agent for silver ions, wherein the reducing agent is represented by the following Formula (S): wherein Z is a group of atoms necessary to form a non aromatic ring of 3 to 10 members; Rx is a hydrogen or an alkyl group; each Ro' and Ro" is independently a hydrogen, an alkyl group, or a heterocyclic group; Qo is a substituent; and each n and m is independently an integer of 0 to 2; and plural Qo's may be the same or different.
- Formula (S) wherein Z is a group of atoms necessary to form a non aromatic ring of 3 to 10 members; Rx is a hydrogen or an alkyl group; each Ro' and Ro" is independently a hydrogen, an alkyl group, or a heterocyclic
- EP-A 1 278 101 further discloses the following polymers preferably employed in the invention: Polymer name Aceto-acetal [mol%] Butyral [mol%] acetal [mol%] acetyl [mol%] hydroxyl group [mol%] Tg value [°C] P-1 6 4 73.7 1.7 24.6 85 P-2 3 7 75.0 1.6 23.4 75 P-4 7 3 71.1 1.6 27.3 88 P-7 3 7 74.4 1.6 24.0 75 P-8 3 7 75.4 1.6 23.0 74
- EP-A 1 143 292 discloses a photothermographic material comprising a support having on one side of the support at least an image forming layer containing organic silver salt grains, light sensitive silver halide grains and a reducing agent and a surface protective layer, wherein the element composition on the surface of the image forming layer exhibits a ratio of the number of carbon elements to the number of oxygen elements of not more than 9, and wherein the element composition is obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- binders disclosed for use in the image forming layer include polyvinyl acetals (e.g. polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral).
- binders such as polyvinyl butyral and polyvinyl acetal, and cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate and cellulose acetate-butyrate are preferred, which may be used alone or in combination.
- mixed acetals obtained from two aldehydes, such as polyvinyl acetobutyral are also preferred according to EP-A 1 143 292. However, such mixed acetals are not exemplified therein.
- EP-A 1 136 877 discloses a photothermographic material comprising on a support light sensitive silver halide grains, an organic silver salt, a reducing agent and a binder, wherein the photothermographic material comprises a silane compound represented by formula (1) or (2) : formula (1) (R 1 O) m -Si-[(L 1 ) x R 2 ] n wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 represent each an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 represent each a bivalent linkage group; m and n are each an integer of t to 3, provided that m+n is 4; p1 and p2 are each an integer of 1 to 3 and q1 and q2 are each 0, 1 or 2, provided that p1+q1 and p2+q2 are each
- Binders usable on the organic solvent-based coating include cellulose derivatives, polyvinyl alcohol derivatives, acrylate polymer derivatives, polyimide derivatives, polyamide derivatives, phenol resin derivatives, urethane resin derivatives and polyester derivatives. Of these, polyvinyl alcohol derivatives and vinyl acetate derivatives are preferred, particularly with vinyl acetal monomer units.
- JP 2002-293825 which corresponds to WO 02/059167, discloses a polyvinyl acetal characterized by containing one or more functional groups in one molecule e.g. a carboxyl group, a silyl moiety, a halogen moiety, an amino group, a sulfhydryl group, a sulfonyl group, a thionyl group, an epoxy group, an oxazoline moiety, a maleimide moiety, a hydroxyl group etc.
- An ionic group such as an acidic group (e.g. a carboxyl group or a sulfonic group) or a basic group (e.g. containing a nitrogen atom) are preferred.
- the binder preferably has a glass transition point of 70 to 105°C and is preferably a polyvinyl acetal substantially having an acetoacetal structure or is a polymer compound represented by formula (V).
- Exemplary polymer compounds represented by formula (V) are disclosed with the composition given in Table 4 below: Polymer Tg [°C] vinyl acetal ⁇ mol%/wt%] vinyl butyral [mol%/wt%] vinyl alcohol [mol%/wt%] vinyl acetate [mol%/wt%] P-1 83 51.59/57.4 22.11/30.6 24.6/10.6 1.7/1.4 P-2 75 22.5/22.9 52.5/66.7 23.4/9.2 1.6/1.2 P-4 88 49.77/56.5 21.33/30.2 27.3/12.0 1.6/1.3 P-5 99 64.62/76.0 7.18/10.5 26.7/12.1 1.5/1.4 P-6 90 57.12/66.0 14.28/20.6 27.0/12.0 1.6/1.4 P-7 76 21.12/22.3 49.28/65.0 2
- PioloformTM BL16 a copolymer consisting of 42% by weight of vinyl acetal, 40% by weight of vinyl butyral, 16% by weight of vinyl alcohol and 2% by weight of vinyl acetate having a Tg of 84°C, produced by Wacker Chemie, is used as the sole binder in the thermosensitive element of a substantially light-insensitive thermographic material produced by AGFA-GEVAERT N.V. and marketed by AGFA-GEVAERT N,V. as AGFA FREEWAYTM film and by AUTOLOGIC as Autotype AspectTM HR.
- the weight ratio of substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt to PioloformTM BL16 in this thermosensitive element is approximately 1.0.
- thermographic recording materials Differences between substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials and photothermographic recording materials
- thermographic materials in which image formation is based on the reduction of organic silver salts is significantly different from that of photothermographic recording materials, despite the fact that in both cases the image results from the reduction of organic silver salts.
- this a superficial similarity masking the fact that the realization of the species which catalyze this reduction is completely different, being image-wise exposure of photosensitive silver halide-containing photo-addressable thermally developable elements in the case of photothermographic recording materials and image-wise heating of thermosensitive elements which do not contain photosensitive silver halide in the case of thermographic recording materials.
- reducing agents and toning agents are required which diffuse to the surface of the material despite the presence of an outermost protective layer both during storage before printing and after printing and results, in extreme cases, in the user visually observing deposits of reducing agents, toning agents and reaction products of the imaging-forming process on the surface of the materials.
- Substantially light-insensitive monosheet thermographic recording materials are therefore required which exhibit an acceptably neutral image tone, but do not exhibit the formation of such deposits of reducing agents, toning agents and reaction products of the imaging-forming process.
- thermographic recording material which does not exhibit the formation of surface deposits comprising, for example, reducing agent, toning agent and reaction products of the image-forming process.
- thermosensitive element of substantially light-insensitive monosheet thermographic recording materials strongly reduces the diffusion of ingredients present therein and reaction products thereof to the surface of the thermosensitive element and therefrom to the surface of the thermographic recording material, should the outermost surface of the thermosensitive element not be the outermost layer of the thermographic recording material itself.
- the image tone is rendered more neutral the presence of a polymer consisting of vinyl butyral monomer units and optionally vinyl alcohol and/or vinyl acetate monomer units.
- thermosensitive element comprising at least one substantially light-insensitive silver salt of a carboxylic acid, at least one reducing agent therefor in thermal working relationship therewith and at least one binder
- the at least one binder comprising at least one first polymer consisting of vinyl aceto-acetal monomer units and optionally monomer units selected from the group consisting of vinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate and itaconic acid monomer units, characterized in that the weight ratio of the at least one binder to the light-insensitive silver salt(s) of a carboxylic acid in the thermosensitive element is greater than 1.6; and the at least one binder optionally contains less than 40% by weight of a second polymer consisting of vinyl butyral monomer units and optionally vinyl alcohol and/or vinyl acetate monomer units.
- alkyl means all variants possible for each number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group i.e. for three carbon atoms: n-propyl and isopropyl; for four carbon atoms: n-butyl, isobutyl and tertiary-butyl; for five carbon atoms: n-pentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl and 2-methyl-butyl etc.
- poly(vinyl acetals) refers to the condensation product of poly(vinyl alcohol) with one or more aldehydes.
- Vinyl acetal as used in disclosing the present invention, is the condensation product of vinyl alcohol and an aldehyde. To distinguish the condensation product of vinyl alcohol and an aldehyde from that of vinyl alcohol and unsubstituted aldehyde (ethanal), the latter condensation products have been referred to as vinyl aceto-acetal in disclosing the present invention.
- Vinyl butyral as used in disclosing the present invention, is the condensation product of vinyl alcohol and butyraldehyde (butanal), which is not further substituted.
- the L*, a* and b* CIELAB-values are defined in ASTM Norm E179-90 in a R(45/0) geometry with evaluation according to ASTM Norm E308-90.
- Substantially light-insensitive means not intentionally light sensitive.
- high contrast agent which are sometimes identified as “co-developers” or “auxiliary developers”, have as their main function an increase in the contrast of the material by reducing most or all of the reducible silver ions in the substantially light-insensitive silver salt of a carboxylic acid in the radiation-exposed areas e.g. acrylonitrile co-developers, hydrazide co-developers and isoxazole co-developers as disclosed in US 6,352,819 herein incorporated by reference.
- thermographic recording material is a black and white thermographic recording material.
- thermosensitive element is exclusive of a high contrast agent.
- thermographic recording material is exclusive of a silane compound represented by formula (1) or (2): formula (1) (R 1 O) m -Si-[(L 1 ) x R 2 ] n wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 represent each an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and L 4 represent each a bivalent linkage group; m and n are each an integer of t to 3, provided that m+n is 4; p1 and p2 are each an integer of 1 to 3 and q1 and q2 are each 0, 1 or 2, provided that p1+q1 and p2+q2 are each 3; r1 and t are each 0 or an integer of 1 to 1000; and x is
- thermosensitive element as used herein is that element which contains all the ingredients, which contribute to image formation.
- the thermosensitive element contains at least a substantially light-insensitive silver salt of a carboxylic acid, a reducing agent therefor in thermal working relationship therewith, and at least one binder.
- the thermosensitive element may comprise a layer system in which the above-mentioned ingredients may be dispersed in different layers, with the proviso that the substantially light-insensitive silver salt of a carboxylic acid is in reactive association with the reducing agent i.e.
- the reducing agent must be present in such a way that it is able to diffuse to the particles of the substantially light-insensitive silver salt of a carboxylic acid, so that reduction to silver can occur.
- Such materials include the possibility of the substantially light-insensitive silver salt of a carboxylic acid and/or the reducing agent therefor being encapsulated in heat-responsive microcapsules, such as disclosed in EP-A 0 736 799 herein incorporated by reference.
- first polymer consisting of vinyl aceto-acetal and optionally monomer units selected from the group consisting of vinyl butyral, vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate monomer units should not be taken as implying that the copolymer has to be produced by copolymerizing vinyl aceto-acetal, vinyl butyral, vinyl alcohol and optionally vinyl acetate, merely that the copolymer consists of such monomer units.
- second polymer consisting of vinyl butyral monomer units, vinyl alcohol monomer units and optionally vinyl acetate monomer units should not be taken as implying that the copolymer has to be produced by copolymerizing vinyl butyral, vinyl alcohol and optionally vinyl acetate, merely that the copolymer consists of such monomer units.
- a main source of polyvinyl alcohol is the hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate and that this hydrolysis is usually not carried out to completion resulting in vinyl acetate monomer units still being present in the polyvinyl alcohol chains.
- poly(vinyl acetals) are usually produced in a condensation reaction upon treating poly(vinyl alcohol) with one or more aldehydes or directly from poly(vinyl acetate). Since the reaction between the aldehyde(s) and the hydroxyl groups of the poly(vinyl alcohol) occurs at random, some hydroxyl groups become isolated and are incapable of reaction. The product will thus contain: vinyl acetal units, residual vinyl alcohol units and residual vinyl acetate units.
- thermosensitive element contains at least one further first polymer.
- the weight ratio of the at least one binder to the light-insensitive silver salt(s) of a carboxylic acid in the thermosensitive element is greater than 1.75, with a ratio greater than 2.0 being particularly preferred and a ratio greater than 2.5 being especially preferred.
- the weight ratio of the at least one binder to the light-insensitive silver salt(s) of a carboxylic acid in the thermosensitive element is less than 6.0, with less than 5.2 being preferred and less than 4.5 being particularly preferred.
- the first polymer contains ⁇ 17% by weight of vinyl alcohol monomer units, with ⁇ 15% by weight of vinyl alcohol monomer units being preferred and ⁇ 13% by weight being particularly preferred.
- concentration of vinyl alcohol units can be determined by 13 C NMR, or by titration.
- the vinyl aceto-acetal monomer units render the image tone red, but this can be compensated by reducing the vinyl alcohol concentration, which renders the image tone blue.
- Suitable first polymers for use in substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials in which AB represents polymers containing both vinyl aceto-acetal and vinyl butyral monomer units and A represents polymers containing vinyl aceto-acetal monomer units but no vinyl butyral monomer units are given in table 5 below: Polymer No.
- Suitable second polymers for use in substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials in which B represents polymers containing vinyl butyral monomer units but no vinyl aceto-acetal monomer units are given in the Table 6 below:
- B represents polymers containing vinyl butyral monomer units but no vinyl aceto-acetal monomer units are given in the Table 6 below:
- Polymers are preferred which do not contain additives, such as certain antioxidants (e.g. 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), or impurities, which adversely affect the thermographic properties of the thermographic recording materials in which they are used.
- additives such as certain antioxidants (e.g. 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), or impurities, which adversely affect the thermographic properties of the thermographic recording materials in which they are used.
- the substantially light-insensitive silver salt of a carboxylic acid is not a double organic salt containing a silver cation associated with a second cation e.g. magnesium or iron ions.
- the substantially light-insensitive silver salt of an carboxylic acid is a substantially light-insensitive silver salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acids known as a fatty acid, wherein the aliphatic carbon chain has preferably at least 12 C-atoms, e.g. silver laurate, silver palmitate, silver stearate, silver hydroxystearate, silver oleate and silver behenate, which silver salts are also called "silver soaps".
- Other silver salts of an organic carboxylic acid as described in GB-P 1,439,478, e.g. silver benzoate may likewise be used to produce a thermally developable silver image.
- Combinations of different silver salts of an organic carboxylic acids may also be used in the present invention, as disclosed in EP-A 964 300 herein incorporated by reference.
- thermographic recording material according to the present invention, the reducing agent is an ortho-dihydroxy-benzene derivative.
- the ortho-dihydroxy-benzene derivative is selected from the group consisting of catechol, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid esters, gallic acid, gallic acid esters, e.g.
- Combinations of reducing agents may also be used that on heating become reactive partners in the reduction of the one or more substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt.
- combinations of sterically hindered phenols with sulfonyl hydrazide reducing agents such as disclosed in US 5,464,738; trityl hydrazides and formyl-phenyl-hydrazides such as disclosed in US 5,496,695; trityl hydrazides and formyl-phenyl-hydrazides with diverse auxiliary reducing agents as disclosed in US 5,545,505, US 5,545,507 and US 5,558,983; acrylonitrile compounds as disclosed in US 5,545,515 and US 5,635,339; and 2-substituted malonodialdehyde compounds as disclosed in US 5,654,130.
- thermosensitive element further contains at least one toning agent.
- the at least one toning agent is selected from the group consisting of phthalazinone, phthalazinone derivatives, benzoxazine dione, benzoxazine dione derivatives, naphthoxazine dione and naphthoxazine derivatives, pyridazone, pyridazone derivatives, compounds represented by formula (I): wherein R 1 is an alkyl group optionally substituted with a hydroxy, carboxy, carboxy ester, acyl or carbonato group; X is S, O or N-R 6 ; R 6 is an optionally substituted alkyl group; R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl, an alkoxy, a thio-alkoxy, a nitro, a cyano, a carboxy, a carboxy ester, an acyl
- Suitable optional substituents for the alkyl groups of R 1 , R 6 , R 7 and R 10 are independently include carboxy and carboxy ester groups.
- Suitable substituted alkyl groups include: -CH 2 COOH, -C 2 H 4 COOH and -C 2 H 4 COOC 2 H 5 .
- thermographic recording material Suitable benzoxazine dione toning agents for use in the thermographic recording material, according to the present invention, are disclosed in GB 1,439,478, US 3,951,660 and US 5,599,647, herein incorporated by reference, and include:
- thermographic recording material Suitable toning agents represented by formula (I) for use in the thermographic recording material, according to the present invention, include:
- Suitable toning agents represented by formula (II) according to the present invention include:
- Suitable 2-hydroxy-pyrimidine derivatives, according to the present invention include:
- the outermost protective layer protects the thermosensitive element from atmospheric humidity and from surface damage by scratching etc. and prevents direct contact of printheads or heat sources with the recording layers.
- Protective layers for thermosensitive elements which come into contact with and have to be transported past a heat source under pressure, have to exhibit resistance to local deformation and good slipping characteristics during transport past the heat source during heating.
- a slipping layer being the outermost layer, may comprise a dissolved lubricating material and/or particulate material, e.g. talc particles, optionally protruding from the outermost layer.
- suitable lubricating materials are a surface-active agent, a liquid lubricant, a solid lubricant or mixtures thereof, with or without a polymeric binder.
- the outermost protective layer comprises the reaction product of at least one hydrolyzed polyalkoxysilane and a hydroxy-group containing polymer.
- the outermost protective layer comprises the reaction product of hydrolyzed tetramethoxysilane or tetraethoxysilane and a hydroxy-group containing polymer.
- the outermost protective layer comprises the reaction product of at least one hydrolyzed polyalkoxysilane and poly(vinyl alcohol).
- thermosensitive element further contains a stabilizer.
- the thermosensitive element further contains a stabilizer selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole; substituted benzotriazoles; aromatic polycarboxylic acid, such as ortho-phthalic acid, 3-nitro-phthalic acid, tetrachlorophthalic acid, mellitic acid, pyromellitic acid and trimellitic acid and anhydrides thereof; 1-phenyl-5-mercapto-tetrazole compounds in which the phenyl group is substituted with a substituent containing an optionally substituted aryl group, 1-(5-mercapto-1-tetrazolyl)-acetyl compounds represented by formula (III): wherein R 3 is -NR 4 R 5 , -OR 6 or an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl group; R 4 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl group; R 5 is an optionally substituted aryl
- the thermosensitive element further contains at least one optionally substituted aliphatic or carbocyclic polycarboxylic acid and/or anhydride thereof in a molar percentage of at least 15 with respect to all the organic silver salt(s) present and in thermal working relationship therewith.
- the polycarboxylic acid may be used in anhydride form or partially esterified on the condition that at least two free carboxylic acids remain or are available during the heat recording step.
- the substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording material used in the present invention may contain one or more surfactants, which may be anionic, non-ionic or cationic surfactants and/or one or more dispersants.
- Preferred anionic surfactants are surfactants represented by formula (3): or alkali salts thereof, where a is an integer between 1 and 15; and b is an integer between 1 and 5; and surfactants represented by formula (4): wherein M is hydrogen, an alkali atom or an ammonium group; R 1 is an alkyl, alkenyl-, alkynyl-, thioalkyl-, thioalkenyl- or thioalkynyl-group in which the alkyl-, alkenyl- or alkynyl- group has 6 to 25 carbon atoms; X is -O-, -S- or -N (R 2 ) -; and R 2 is hydrogen, a -(CH 2 ) m SO 3 M group or a group; and m is an integer between 1 and 5.
- M is hydrogen, an alkali atom or an ammonium group
- R 1 is an alkyl, alkenyl-, alkynyl-,
- Suitable surfactants include:
- Suitable dispersants are natural polymeric substances, synthetic polymeric substances and finely divided powders, e.g. finely divided non-metallic inorganic powders such as silica.
- the support is transparent or translucent. It is preferably a thin flexible carrier made of transparent resin film, e.g. made of a cellulose ester, e.g. cellulose triacetate, polypropylene, polycarbonate or polyester, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate.
- the support may be in sheet, ribbon or web form and subbed if need be to improve the adherence to the thereon coated thermosensitive element.
- the support may be dyed or pigmented to provide a transparent coloured background for the image.
- any layer of the substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording material used in the present invention may proceed by any coating technique e.g. such as described in Modern Coating and Drying Technology, edited by Edward D. Cohen and Edgar B. Gutoff, (1992) VCH Publishers Inc., 220 East 23rd Street, Suite 909 New York, NY 10010, USA. Coating may proceed from aqueous or solvent media with overcoating of dried, partially dried or undried layers.
- Thermographic imaging is carried out by the image-wise application of heat either in analogue fashion by direct exposure through an image or by reflection from an image, or in digital fashion pixel by pixel either by using an infra-red heat source, for example with a Nd-YAG laser or other infra-red laser, with a substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording material preferably containing an infra-red absorbing compound, or by direct thermal imaging with a thermal head.
- an infra-red heat source for example with a Nd-YAG laser or other infra-red laser
- a substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording material preferably containing an infra-red absorbing compound
- thermal printing image signals are converted into electric pulses and then through a driver circuit selectively transferred to a thermal printhead.
- the thermal printhead consists of microscopic heat resistor elements, which convert the electrical energy into heat via Joule effect.
- the operating temperature of common thermal printheads is in the range of 300 to 400°C and the heating time per picture element (pixel) may be less than 1.0ms, the pressure contact of the thermal printhead with the recording material being e.g. 200-1000g/linear cm, i.e. with a contact zone (nip) of 200 to 300 ⁇ m a pressure of 5000 to 50,000 g/cm 2 , to ensure a good transfer of heat.
- the image-wise heating of the recording material with the thermal printing heads may proceed through a contacting but removable resin sheet or web wherefrom during the heating no transfer of recording material can take place.
- Activation of the heating elements can be power-modulated or pulse-length modulated at constant power.
- EP-A 654 355 discloses a method for making an image by image-wise heating by means of a thermal head having energizable heating elements, wherein the activation of the heating elements is executed duty cycled pulsewise.
- EP-A 622 217 discloses a method for making an image using a direct thermal imaging element producing improvements in continuous tone reproduction.
- Image-wise heating of the recording material can also be carried out using an electrically resistive ribbon incorporated into the material.
- Image- or pattern-wise heating of the recording material may also proceed by means of pixel-wise modulated ultrasound.
- Thermographic imaging can be used for the production of reflection type prints and transparencies, in particular for use in the medical diagnostic field in which black-imaged transparencies are widely used in inspection techniques operating with a light box.
- thermosensitive element Ingredients in the thermosensitive element in addition to the above-mentioned ingredients:
- thermosensitive elements Compositions of thermosensitive elements used:
- the substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 4 were prepared by coating a dispersion prepared as follows: a first solution containing 25.42 g methylethylketone, 12.375 g of binder and 33 mg Oil (Baysilon) was prepared. To this solution 36.8 g of a AgBehenate-dispersion, containing per 100g dispersion 10.7 g of AgBehenate and 9.35 g of binder, was added. Then 0.257 g of S01, 0.116 g of BOD2 and 0.164 g of BOD3 was added.
- the resulting dispersion was doctor blade-coated onto a subbed 175 ⁇ m thick blue-pigmented polyethylene terephthalate support with CIELAB a*- and b*-values of - 9.5 and -17.9 respectively subbed on the emulsion-coated side with subbing layer 01 giving type 1 thermosensitive elements with the composition given above, after drying at 50°C for 1h in a drying cupboard.
- thermosensitive elements The coverage of silver behenate and the quantities and types of polymers used in the thermosensitive elements are given in Table 7 below. Comparative example nr. AgBeh [g/m 2 ] Binder in AgBeh dispersion Added binder Assessment of diffusion Haze thermosensitive element [%] Polymer type quantity [wt ratio vs AgBeh] Polymer type quantity [wt ratio vs AgBeh] 1 3.77 B01 0.87 B01 3.13 5 22.1 2 3.95 B01 0.87 B04 3.13 5 22.8 3 4.21 B01 0.87 B05 3.13 5 22.7 4 4.14 B01 0.87 B07 3.13 5 19.6
- the thermosensitive elements were then optionally coated with an aqueous composition with the following ingredients, which was adjusted to a pH of 3.8 with 1N nitric acid, to a wet layer thickness of 85 ⁇ m and then dried at 50°C for 15 minutes to produce a protective layer with the composition:
- thermosensitive element Assessment of diffusion of ingredients and reaction products of the imaging forming process to the surface of thermosensitive element
- thermosensitive element The diffusion of ingredients and reaction products of the imaging forming process to the surface of the thermosensitive element was assessed by:
- the substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 4 were printed using the above-mentioned modified DRYSTARTM 4500 printer from AGFA-GEVAERT to produce different image densities.
- the maximum densities of the images (D max ) measured through a visible filter with a MACBETHTM TR924 densitometer were all greater than 2.0.
- the CIELAB a*- and b*-values for densities of 1.0 and 2.0 were determined by spectrophotometric measurements according to ASTM Norm E179-90 in a R(45/0) geometry with evaluation according to ASTM Norm E308-90. The results are summarized in Table 8. Comparative example nr.
- thermographic recording materials of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 5 and 6 and INVENTION EXAMPLES 1 to 3 were prepared by coating a dispersion prepared as follows: a first solution containing 37.44 g methylethylketone, 12.375 g of binder and 33 mg Oil (Baysilon) was prepared. To this solution 28.35g of a AgBehenate-dispersion, containing per 100g dispersion 14 g of AgBehenate and 12.1 g of binder, was added. Then 0.280 g of S01 and 0.246 g of BOD3 was added.
- thermosensitive elements The diffusion through the thermosensitive elements was assessed as described for the thermosensitive elements of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 4 and the results are summarized in Table 9.
- A03 and A01 have a fair effect on the diffusion of ingredients and reaction products thereof and A02 has a strong effect on the diffusion of ingredients and reaction products thereof in the substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording material of the present invention.
- thermosensitive elements of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 5 and 6 and INVENTION EXAMPLES 1 to 3 were further coated with a protective layer as described for the substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 4 and the image tone of the fresh thermographic recording materials determined as described for COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 7 and INVENTION EXAMPLES 1 and 2, the results being summarized in Table 10.
- thermosensitive element type 2 With thermosensitive element type 2, the most neutral image tone is exhibited by the thermographic recording material of INVENTION EXAMPLE 3 with second polymer B01 as the dispersion polymer and first polymer A03 as the added polymer.
- thermographic recording materials of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 7 and 8 and INVENTION EXAMPLES 4 and 5 were prepared by coating a dispersion prepared as follows: a first solution containing 28.0 g methylethylketone, 13 g of binder and 33 mg Oil (Baysilon) was prepared. To this solution 36.3 g of a AgBehenate-dispersion, containing per 100g dispersion 11.4 g of AgBehenate and 9.9 g of binder, was added. Then 0.246 g BOD3 was added.
- the resulting dispersion was doctor blade-coated onto a subbed 175 ⁇ m thick blue-pigmented polyethylene terephthalate support with CIELAB a*- and b*-values of -9.5 and -17.9 respectively subbed on the emulsion-coated side with subbing layer 01 giving type 3 thermosensitive elements with the composition given above, after drying at 50°C for 1h in a drying cupboard.
- thermosensitive elements The coverage of silver behenate and the quantities and types of polymers used in the thermosensitive elements are given in Table 11 below.
- the A03 has an effect at a concentration in the at least one binder between 39% by weight and 78% by weight.
- the A02 has an effect at
- thermosensitive elements of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 7 and 8 and INVENTION EXAMPLES 4 and 5 were further coated with a protective layer as described for the substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 4 and the image tone of the fresh thermographic recording materials determined as described for COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 7 and INVENTION EXAMPLES 1 and 2, the results being summarized in Table 12.
- thermographic recording materials of INVENTION EXAMPLES 4 and 5 with thermosensitive element type 3 with second polymer B01 as the dispersion polymer the image tone neutrality increased in the order of first polymers as added polymer: A03 ⁇ A02.
- thermographic recording materials of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 9 and INVENTION EXAMPLES 6 to 8 were prepared by coating a dispersion prepared as follows: a first solution containing 36.6 g methylethylketone, 12.50 g of binder and 33 mg Oil (Baysilon) was prepared. To this solution 32.8 g of a AgBehenate-dispersion, containing per 100g dispersion 12.7 g of AgBehenate and 11 g of binder, was added. Then 0.247 g BOD3 and 0.320 g S01 was added.
- the resulting dispersion was doctor blade-coated onto a subbed 175 ⁇ m thick blue-pigmented polyethylene terephthalate support with CIELAB a*- and b*-values of -9.5 and -17.9 respectively subbed on the emulsion-coated side with subbing layer 01 giving type 6 thermosensitive elements with the composition given above, after drying at 50°C for 1h in a drying cupboard.
- thermosensitive elements The diffusion through the thermosensitive elements was assessed as described for the thermosensitive elements of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 4 and the results are summarized in Table 13. An improvement in diffusion through the thermosensitive elements over the situation with the at least one binder being 100% B01 was observed upon replacing 60% or more of the B01 with AB02, AB05 or A07.
- thermosensitive elements of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 9 and INVENTION EXAMPLES 6 to 8 were further coated with a protective layer as described for the substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials of COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 4 and the image tone of the fresh thermographic recording materials determined as described for COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 7 and INVENTION EXAMPLES 1 and 2, the results being summarized in Table 14.
- thermosensitive elements containing AB05 with or without B01 give slightly more neutral image tones than thermographic recording materials with thermosensitive elements containing AB02 with or without B01 or A07 with or without B01 for comparable B01-concentrations.
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EP04102271A EP1484642A1 (de) | 2003-06-06 | 2004-05-25 | Binder für lichtunempfindliche thermographische Aufzeichnungsmaterialien |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1598207A1 (de) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-11-23 | Agfa-Gevaert | Stabilisatoren zur Verwendung in thermographischen Aufzeichnungsmaterialien die im wesentlichen lichtunempfindlich sind |
US7097961B2 (en) | 2004-05-17 | 2006-08-29 | Agfa Gevaert | Stabilizers for use in substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials |
Citations (6)
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EP0752616A1 (de) * | 1995-07-07 | 1997-01-08 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Neuer Tönungsmittel für thermographische und photothermographische Materialien und Prozesse |
EP0809144A1 (de) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-11-26 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Thermographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial mit erhöhter Stabilität und verbessertem Bildton |
JP2001013618A (ja) * | 1999-06-28 | 2001-01-19 | Konica Corp | 熱現像感光材料 |
EP1143292A2 (de) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-10 | Konica Corporation | Photothermographisches Material |
EP1241520A2 (de) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-18 | Konica Corporation | Photothermographisches trockenentwickelbares Silbersalzmaterial und Bildaufzeichnungsverfahren, in dem dieses Material verwendet wird |
EP1278101A2 (de) * | 2001-07-17 | 2003-01-22 | Konica Corporation | Photothermographisches Silbersalzmaterial, Bildaufzeichnungsverfahren und bilderzeugendes Verfahren, in dem dieses Material verwendet wird |
-
2004
- 2004-05-25 EP EP04102271A patent/EP1484642A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0752616A1 (de) * | 1995-07-07 | 1997-01-08 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Neuer Tönungsmittel für thermographische und photothermographische Materialien und Prozesse |
EP0809144A1 (de) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-11-26 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Thermographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial mit erhöhter Stabilität und verbessertem Bildton |
JP2001013618A (ja) * | 1999-06-28 | 2001-01-19 | Konica Corp | 熱現像感光材料 |
EP1143292A2 (de) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-10 | Konica Corporation | Photothermographisches Material |
EP1241520A2 (de) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-18 | Konica Corporation | Photothermographisches trockenentwickelbares Silbersalzmaterial und Bildaufzeichnungsverfahren, in dem dieses Material verwendet wird |
EP1278101A2 (de) * | 2001-07-17 | 2003-01-22 | Konica Corporation | Photothermographisches Silbersalzmaterial, Bildaufzeichnungsverfahren und bilderzeugendes Verfahren, in dem dieses Material verwendet wird |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1598207A1 (de) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-11-23 | Agfa-Gevaert | Stabilisatoren zur Verwendung in thermographischen Aufzeichnungsmaterialien die im wesentlichen lichtunempfindlich sind |
US7097961B2 (en) | 2004-05-17 | 2006-08-29 | Agfa Gevaert | Stabilizers for use in substantially light-insensitive thermographic recording materials |
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