EP1482245A1 - Device for controlling the fuel/air ratio in a premix combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Device for controlling the fuel/air ratio in a premix combustion apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1482245A1
EP1482245A1 EP03024295A EP03024295A EP1482245A1 EP 1482245 A1 EP1482245 A1 EP 1482245A1 EP 03024295 A EP03024295 A EP 03024295A EP 03024295 A EP03024295 A EP 03024295A EP 1482245 A1 EP1482245 A1 EP 1482245A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
nozzle
cone
gas
mixing chamber
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EP03024295A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1482245B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Ströhle
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Hoval AG
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Hoval AG
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Priority to SI200330256T priority Critical patent/SI1482245T1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/027—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for regulating the Gas / air ratio for a premixing combustion device.
  • the volume flow of the gas in a constant ratio to the volume flow held in the air. This is done by means of a pressure-controlled Regulator in the gas way. This is a pressure difference used as control pressure for regulating the gas volume flow, and in direct relation to the sucked Volume flow of the air.
  • the control pressure for the controller is in a mixing device or at a diaphragm in the airway generated.
  • the systems with pneumatic composite do not need any electrical or electronic components. Your mechanical Construction is very simple and works very fast. there they only need a few moving parts.
  • the mixture preparation with pneumatic composite has the advantage, very much fast on pressure and volume flow fluctuations in the incinerator to react and the gas / air ratio in keep a large modulation range constant. Thereby These robust systems have proven themselves on many systems.
  • Influencing factors such as gas quality, air pressure and combustion air temperature
  • these systems can not be adjusted and require a readjustment to the Systems. Due to the liberalization of the gas market is larger Fluctuations in gas quality to be expected in these Systems require constant readjustment.
  • the invention is based on the object in a system with pneumatic composite without abandoning the achieved there Advantages the advantages of systems with electronic To realize a composite.
  • the regulator provides the pneumatic interconnection of the system and the sensor provides the signal that compensates the variations of the gas quality, the atmospheric pressure and the Combustion air temperature allows. In dependence of this signal is preferably adjusted by a Linear motor actuated cones and moves it more or less deep into the nozzle connected to the air line into it. Thus, can be ensured in an extremely simple manner be that the combustion device always with optimal Gas / air ratio works.
  • the sensor can be the composition and / or the temperature capture the combustion gases, and the electronics From this, the forthcoming values of the gas quality, the Air pressure and the combustion air temperature determine, so that an appropriate regulation on the adjustment of the Cone is made possible. By that way changed Pressure and flow conditions in the Venturidüsenartig extended mixing chamber, it is possible the gas / air ratio in a wide range without changing to forego the advantages of the pneumatic composite.
  • the degree of modulation is increased, so that inaccuracies even at low power regulated can be.
  • the cone In case of failure of the sensor, the cone is completely off the nozzle connected to the air duct is moved out.
  • the minimum power of the combustion device is so far raised that combustion in one operating area is not necessarily the engagement of the sensor requires. For example, the minimum power to approx. 20% raised.
  • the basic setting of the pneumatic regulator that with the expected gas types, Air temperatures and altitudes a sufficiently high air surplus is complied with. In this position of the cone corresponds the scheme a conventional pneumatic Composite.
  • the incinerator does not need to be shut down and pollutant emissions remain below the prescribed levels Limits.
  • Previously known systems with electronic Composite must be turned off when selecting the sensor become.
  • Fluctuations in gas quality, air pressure and Combustion air temperature can be regulated without going on the advantages of the pneumatic composite, namely the quick response to changes in performance and Pressure fluctuations, to dispense.
  • the combustion device works even in case of failure of the sensor, since the pneumatic composite on which the Scheme is set up, remains functional.
  • a scheme with pneumatic composite which is a venturi-like extended mixing chamber may also subsequently equipped with a sensor-controlled cone become.
  • the degree of modulation is increased by a smaller minimum power can be adjusted.
  • pure pneumatic composite is at such a low power does not ensure sufficient stability of the gas / air ratio.
  • the incinerator can work with other incinerators to a common, working with overpressure Exhaust system can be completed without the risk that at standstill of the combustion device exhaust flows back into their room, since the cone the Can completely close the air line.
  • the opening angle corresponds to the the air duct connected to the nozzle essentially the Angle of the cone. This contributes to the fact that to the Air line connected nozzle from the cone completely is closable, as in the invention is provided.
  • the cone at an angle of less than 30 ° Provided. This angle allows a very sensitive Adjustment of the cone and thus a very sensitive Regulation. Under certain circumstances, however, are also cones with a Angle of more than 30 ° possible.
  • the device of Figure 1 has a gas line 1 and an air line 2 on. Between the two lines works a pneumatic regulator 3, which controls the pressure in the gas line 1 as a function of the pressure in the air line 2 controls.
  • the gas line 1 and the air line 2 open together in a mixing device 4. Downstream of the mixing device 4 a speed-controllable fan 5 is arranged, which the mixture to a combustion device, not shown promotes.
  • FIG. 2 shows in detail the construction of the mixing device 4, to which the blower 5 directly connected is.
  • the latter is a speed-controllable motor. 6 driven.
  • the mixing device 4 has a mixing chamber 7, the from its inlet opening in the direction of flow expanded like a venturi. In the entrance of the Mixing chamber 7 projects into a nozzle 8, which is connected to the air line 2 is connected. The nozzle 8 forms with the edge 9 the inlet opening of the mixing chamber 7 an annular gap 10, which is connected to the gas line 1.
  • a cone 11 is arranged, the from a linear motor 12 in the axial direction relative to the nozzle 8 is adjustable.
  • the cone 11 is not controlled by one represented sensor, which in the present case the composition the combustion exhaust gases detected. He delivers Signal representing the upcoming gas quality.
  • the control operates in the opposite direction Direction.
  • the cone 11 can be variations in air pressure and the Combustion air temperature can be compensated.
  • the invention combines the advantages of a pneumatic Alliance with the advantages of an electronic network while simultaneously increasing the degree of modulation.
  • the minimum power of the combustion device can without Stability loss can be lowered.
  • the pneumatic controller 3 can the Control pressure for the control of the pressure in the gas line 1 also pick up at a location other than in the air line 2, For example, in the mixing chamber 7. Also, the linear motor 12 controlling sensor, for example, only the Combustion air temperature and / or the air pressure or the Record gas quality.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

Device for regulating the gas/air ratio for a pre-mixing combustion device comprises a pneumatic regulator holding constant the ratio between the pressure in a gas line (1) and the pressure in an air line (2), a mixing device (4) arranged downstream of the regulator, and a fan (5) with speed control for conveying the mixture from the mixing chamber to the combustion device. The mixing device comprises a mixing chamber (7) that widens in the manner of a venturi nozzle from its inlet opening in the flow direction, a nozzle (8) connected to the air line and protruding into the inlet opening, an annular gap (10) connected to the gas line and formed between the edge (9) of the inlet opening and the nozzle, and a cone (11) arranged in the air line and adjusted according to the signal of a sensor in the axial direction relative to the nozzle.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Regeln des Gas/Luft-Verhaltnisses für eine vormischende Verbrennungseinrichtung.The invention relates to a device for regulating the Gas / air ratio for a premixing combustion device.

Um Schadstoff-Emissionen zu minimieren und den Wirkungsgrad von Verbrennungseinrichtung zu optimieren, ist man bestrebt, das Gas/Luft-Verhältnis auf einem optimalen Punkt zu halten.To minimize pollutant emissions and efficiency from incinerator to optimize one is anxious the gas / air ratio at an optimal point too hold.

Bekannt sind bisher Systeme mit pneumatischem Verbund und Systeme mit elektronischem Verbund.So far known systems with pneumatic composite and systems with electronic composite.

Bei Systemen mit pneumatischem Verbund wird der Volumenstrom des Gases in einem konstanten Verhältnis zum Volumenstrom der Luft gehalten. Dies geschieht mittels eines druckgesteuerten Reglers im Gasweg. Dabei wird eine Druckdifferenz als Steuerdruck zum Regeln des Gas-Volumenstroms genutzt, und zwar in direkter Abhängigkeit zum angesaugten Volumenstrom der Luft. Der Steuerdruck für den Regler wird in einer Mischeinrichtung oder an einer Blende im Luftweg erzeugt.In systems with pneumatic composite, the volume flow of the gas in a constant ratio to the volume flow held in the air. This is done by means of a pressure-controlled Regulator in the gas way. This is a pressure difference used as control pressure for regulating the gas volume flow, and in direct relation to the sucked Volume flow of the air. The control pressure for the controller is in a mixing device or at a diaphragm in the airway generated.

Die Systeme mit pneumatischem Verbund benötigen keine elektrischen oder elektronischen Bauteile. Ihr mechanischer Aufbau ist sehr einfach und arbeitet sehr schnell. Dabei benötigen sie nur wenige bewegliche Teile. Die Gemischaufbereitung mit pneumatischem Verbund hat den Vorteil, sehr schnell auf druck- und Volumenstromschwankungen in der Verbrennungsanlage zu reagieren und das Gas/Luft-Verhältnis in einem großen Modulationsbereich konstant zu halten. Dadurch haben sich diese robusten Systeme auf vielen Anlagen bewährt.The systems with pneumatic composite do not need any electrical or electronic components. Your mechanical Construction is very simple and works very fast. there they only need a few moving parts. The mixture preparation with pneumatic composite has the advantage, very much fast on pressure and volume flow fluctuations in the incinerator to react and the gas / air ratio in keep a large modulation range constant. Thereby These robust systems have proven themselves on many systems.

Einflußgrößen, wie Gasqualität, Luftdruck und Verbrennungslufttemperatur, können jedoch von diesen Systemen nicht ausgeregelt werden und erfordern ein Nachjustieren auf den Anlagen. Durch die Liberalisierung am Gasmarkt ist mit größeren Schwankungen der Gasqualität zu rechnen, die bei diesen Systemen ein ständiges Nachregeln erforderlich machen.Influencing factors, such as gas quality, air pressure and combustion air temperature, However, these systems can not be adjusted and require a readjustment to the Systems. Due to the liberalization of the gas market is larger Fluctuations in gas quality to be expected in these Systems require constant readjustment.

Außerdem werden Systeme mit pneumatischem Verbund bei großem Modulationsbereich im unteren Leistungsbereich insbesondere nach längerer Betriebsdauer ungenau. Um die Verbrennungsqualität langfristig zu gewährleisten, darf deshalb die eingestellte Minimalleistung je nach Ausführung nicht unter einem Wert von 15 bis 20 % liegen.In addition, systems are added with pneumatic composite large modulation range in the lower power range in particular Inaccurate after prolonged use. To the quality of combustion In the long term, therefore, the set minimum power not depending on the version a value of 15 to 20%.

Bei Systemen mit elektronischem Verbund wird durch einen Sensor die Zusammensetzung der Verbrennungsabgase in der Flamme oder nach der Flamme oder auch die Flammentemperatur gemessen. Der Sensor erzeugt ein Signal, das von einem elektronischen Regler ausgewertet wird. Dieser steuert ein Stellorgan an, welches die Gasmenge bestimmt. Diese Systeme mit elektronischem Verbund sind langsamer im Ausregeln von Änderung der Luftmenge. Die verwendeten Sensoren sind empfindlich und von begrenzter Lebensdauer. Zur sicheren Funktion der Verbrennungsanlage ist ein einwandfreies Sensorsignal erforderlich. Allerdings können Schwankungen der Gasqualität, des Luftdrucks und der Verbrennungslufttemperatur ausgeregelt werden.In systems with electronic composite is by a Sensor the composition of the combustion gases in the Flame or after the flame or even the flame temperature measured. The sensor generates a signal that comes from an electronic Controller is evaluated. This one controls Actuator, which determines the amount of gas. These systems with electronic composite are slower in the balancing of Change of air volume. The sensors used are sensitive and of limited life. For safe operation the incinerator is a perfect sensor signal required. However, variations in gas quality, the air pressure and the combustion air temperature be corrected.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem System mit pneumatischem Verbund ohne Aufgabe der dort erzielten Vorteile die Vorteile der Systeme mit elektronischem Verbund zu realisieren.The invention is based on the object in a system with pneumatic composite without abandoning the achieved there Advantages the advantages of systems with electronic To realize a composite.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schafft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zum Regeln des Gas/Luft-Verhaltnisses für eine vormischende Verbrennungseinrichtung, mit

  • einem pneumatischen Regler, der das Verhältnis zwischen dem Druck in einer Gasleitung und dem Druck in einer Luftleitung konstant hält,
  • einer stromab des Reglers angeordneten Mischeinrichtung, die folgende Merkmale aufweist:
    • eine Mischkammer, die sich von ihrer Eintrittsöffnung aus in Strömungsrichtung venturidüsenartig erweitert,
    • eine an die Luftleitung angeschlossene Düse, die in die Eintrittsöffnung der Mischkammer hineinragt,
    • einen an die Gasleitung angeschlossenen Ringspalt, der zwischen dem Rand der Eintrittsöffnung der Mischkammer und der an die Luftleitung angeschlossenen Düse ausgebildet ist, und
    • einen in der Luftleitung angeordneten Kegel, der in Abhängigkeit von einem Signal eines Sensors in Axialrichtung relativ zu der an die Luftleitung angeschlossenen Düse verstellbar ist,
  • und mit einem drehzahlsteuerbaren Gebläse, das das Gemisch aus der Mischkammer zur Verbrennungseinrichtung fördert.
To achieve this object, the invention provides a device for controlling the gas / air ratio for a premixing combustion device, with
  • a pneumatic regulator that keeps the ratio between the pressure in a gas line and the pressure in an air line constant,
  • a mixing device arranged downstream of the regulator and having the following features:
    • a mixing chamber which expands venturi-like in the flow direction from its inlet opening,
    • a nozzle connected to the air line and projecting into the inlet opening of the mixing chamber,
    • an annular gap connected to the gas line, which is formed between the edge of the inlet opening of the mixing chamber and the nozzle connected to the air line, and
    • a cone disposed in the air duct and adjustable in response to a signal of a sensor in the axial direction relative to the nozzle connected to the air duct,
  • and a speed controllable fan that conveys the mixture from the mixing chamber to the combustion device.

Der Regler stellt den pneumatischen Verbund des Systems dar, und der Sensor liefert das Signal, das ein Ausregeln der Schwankungen der Gasqualität, des Luftdrucks und der Verbrennungslufttemperatur ermöglicht. In Abhängigkeit von diesem Signal verstellt sich der vorzugsweise von einem Linearmotor betätigbare Kegel und wandert dabei mehr oder weniger tief in die an die Luftleitung angeschlossene Düse hinein. Somit kann in extrem einfacher Weise gewährleistet werden, daß die Verbrennungseinrichtung immer mit optimalem Gas/Luft-Verhältnis arbeitet.The regulator provides the pneumatic interconnection of the system and the sensor provides the signal that compensates the variations of the gas quality, the atmospheric pressure and the Combustion air temperature allows. In dependence of this signal is preferably adjusted by a Linear motor actuated cones and moves it more or less deep into the nozzle connected to the air line into it. Thus, can be ensured in an extremely simple manner be that the combustion device always with optimal Gas / air ratio works.

Der Sensor kann die Zusammensetzung und/oder die Temperatur der Verbrennungsabgase erfassen, und die Elektronik kann hieraus die anstehenden Werte der Gasqualität, des Luftdrucks und der Verbrennungslufttemperatur ermitteln, so daß eine entsprechende Regelung über die Verstellung des Kegels ermöglicht wird. Durch die auf diese Weise veränderten Druck- und Strömungsverhältnisse in der venturidüsenartig erweiterten Mischkammer ist es möglich, das Gas/Luft-Verhältnis in einem Weiten Bereich zu verändern, ohne auf die Vorteile des pneumatischen Verbundes zu verzichten.The sensor can be the composition and / or the temperature capture the combustion gases, and the electronics From this, the forthcoming values of the gas quality, the Air pressure and the combustion air temperature determine, so that an appropriate regulation on the adjustment of the Cone is made possible. By that way changed Pressure and flow conditions in the Venturidüsenartig extended mixing chamber, it is possible the gas / air ratio in a wide range without changing to forego the advantages of the pneumatic composite.

Durch das Einführen des Kegels in die an die Luftleitung angeschlossene Düse steigt die Geschwindigkeit beim Eintritt der Luft in die Mischkammer an. Dadurch entsteht in dem an die Gasleitung angeschlossenen Ringspalt ein stärkerer Unterdruck, der die in die Mischkammer eintretende Gasmenge ansteigen läßt. Gleichzeitig wird durch die Querschnittsverengung der an die Luftleitung angeschlossenen Düse die einströmende Luftmenge reduziert. Als Ergebnis wird mit weniger Luft mehr Gas in die Mischkammer gefördert.By inserting the cone into the air duct connected nozzle increases the speed of entry the air into the mixing chamber. This creates in the on the gas line connected annular gap a stronger Negative pressure, which is the amount of gas entering the mixing chamber rise. At the same time, the cross-sectional constriction the nozzle connected to the air duct is the incoming one Air volume reduced. As a result, with less Air more gas is pumped into the mixing chamber.

Ferner wird erfindungsgemäß der Modulationsgrad erhöht, so daß Ungenauigkeiten auch bei kleinen Leistungen ausgeregelt werden können.Furthermore, according to the invention, the degree of modulation is increased, so that inaccuracies even at low power regulated can be.

Wird die Verbrennungseinrichtung abgestellt, kann der Kegel die an die Luftleitung angeschlossene Düse vollständig verschließen. Ist also die Verbrennungseinrichtung an eine Abgasanlage angeschlossen, die weiteren, mit Überdruck im Abgas arbeitenden verbrennungseinrichtungen zur Verfügung steht, so wird auf diese Weise verhindert, daß Abgas in die Luftleitung der abgeschalteten Verbrennungseinrichtung zurückströmt.If the combustion device is turned off, the Completely cone the nozzle connected to the air line close. So is the combustion device to a Exhaust system connected, the others, with overpressure in the Exhaust gas working combustion equipment available stands, it is prevented in this way that exhaust gas in the Returned air line of the switched off combustion device.

Bei Ausfall des Sensors wird der Kegel vollständig aus der an die Luftleitung angeschlossenen Düse herausbewegt. Die Mindestleistung der Verbrennungseinrichtung wird soweit angehoben, daß die Verbrennung in einem Betriebsbereich gehalten wird, der den Eingriff des Sensors nicht unbedingt erfordert. Beispielsweise wird die Mindestleistung auf ca. 20 % angehoben. Dabei gewährleistet die Grundeinstellung des pneumatischen Reglers, daß bei den zu erwartenden Gasarten, Lufttemperaturen und Höhenlagen ein genügend hoher Luftüberschuß eingehalten wird. Bei dieser Stellung des Kegels entspricht die Regelung einem konventionellen pneumatischen Verbund. Die Verbrennungsanlage muß nicht abgestellt werden, und die Schadstoffemissionen bleiben unterhalb der vorgeschriebenen Grenzwerte. Bisher bekannte Systeme mit elektronischem Verbund müssen bei Auswahl des Sensors abgestellt werden.In case of failure of the sensor, the cone is completely off the nozzle connected to the air duct is moved out. The minimum power of the combustion device is so far raised that combustion in one operating area is not necessarily the engagement of the sensor requires. For example, the minimum power to approx. 20% raised. The basic setting of the pneumatic regulator, that with the expected gas types, Air temperatures and altitudes a sufficiently high air surplus is complied with. In this position of the cone corresponds the scheme a conventional pneumatic Composite. The incinerator does not need to be shut down and pollutant emissions remain below the prescribed levels Limits. Previously known systems with electronic Composite must be turned off when selecting the sensor become.

Zusammenfassend lassen sich also mit der Erfindung folgende Vorteile erzielen:In summary, therefore, the following can be achieved with the invention Benefits:

Schwankungen der Gasqualität, des Luftdrucks und der Verbrennungslufttemperatur können geregelt werden, ohne auf die Vorteile des pneumatischen Verbundes, nämlich die schnelle Reaktionsfähigkeit auf Leistungsänderungen und Druckschwankungen, zu verzichten.Fluctuations in gas quality, air pressure and Combustion air temperature can be regulated without going on the advantages of the pneumatic composite, namely the quick response to changes in performance and Pressure fluctuations, to dispense.

Die Verbrennungseinrichtung funktioniert auch bei Ausfall des Sensors, da der pneumatische Verbund, auf dem die Regelung aufgebaut ist, weiterhin funktionsfähig bleibt.The combustion device works even in case of failure of the sensor, since the pneumatic composite on which the Scheme is set up, remains functional.

Eine Regelung mit pneumatischem Verbund, die eine venturidüsenartig erweiterte Mischkammer aufweist, kann auch nachträglich mit einem sensorgesteuerten Kegel ausgerüstet werden.A scheme with pneumatic composite, which is a venturi-like extended mixing chamber may also subsequently equipped with a sensor-controlled cone become.

Der Wirkungsgrad steigt an, da die Verbrennung näher am stöchiometrischen Wert geregelt wird. Dadurch entsteht bei höherem Taupunkt mehr Kondensat, und es muß weniger Verbrennungsluft unnötig aufgeheizt werden. Bei pneumatischen Regelungen ohne Sensorregelung muß ein hoher Luftüberschuß eingehalten werden, um bei Schwankungen von Gasqualität, Luftdruck und Verbrennungslufttemperatur genügend Abstand zum stöchiometrischen Wert zu halten. Nur dadurch kann bei diesen Systemen die Entstehung von giftigem Kohlenmonoxid zuverlässig verhindert werden.The efficiency increases, as the combustion closer to stoichiometric value is regulated. This arises at higher dew point more condensate, and there must be less combustion air be heated unnecessarily. For pneumatic controls without sensor control, a high air excess must be maintained to be in case of variations in gas quality, air pressure and combustion air temperature enough distance to to maintain stoichiometric value. Only thereby can with these Systems the formation of toxic carbon monoxide reliable be prevented.

Der Modulationsgrad wird dadurch erhöht, daß eine kleinere minimale Leistung eingestellt werden kann. Bei reinem pneumatischen Verbund ist bei derart kleinen Leistungen keine ausreichende Stabilität des Gas/Luft-Verhaltnisses gewährleistet.The degree of modulation is increased by a smaller minimum power can be adjusted. In pure pneumatic composite is at such a low power does not ensure sufficient stability of the gas / air ratio.

Die Start-/Stop-Emissionen werden dadurch minimiert, daß wegen der kleineren Minimalleistung weniger Schaltungen erforderlich sind. The start / stop emissions are minimized by less circuitry because of the smaller minimum power required are.

Die Verbrennungseinrichtung kann mit anderen Verbrennungsanlagen an eine gemeinsame, mit Überdruck arbeitende Abgasanlage abgeschlossen werden, ohne daß die Gefahr besteht, daß bei Stillstand der Verbrennungseinrichtung Abgas in deren Aufstellungsraum zurückströmt, da der Kegel die Luftleitung vollständig verschließen kann.The incinerator can work with other incinerators to a common, working with overpressure Exhaust system can be completed without the risk that at standstill of the combustion device exhaust flows back into their room, since the cone the Can completely close the air line.

Vorteilhafterweise entspricht der Öffnungswinkel der an die Luftleitung angeschlossenen Düse im wesentlichen dem Winkel des Kegels. Dies trägt dazu bei, dass die an die Luftleitung angeschlossene Düse von dem Kegel vollständig verschließbar ist, wie es in Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen ist.Advantageously, the opening angle corresponds to the the air duct connected to the nozzle essentially the Angle of the cone. This contributes to the fact that to the Air line connected nozzle from the cone completely is closable, as in the invention is provided.

Dabei hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, den Kegel mit einem Winkel von weniger als 30° zu versehen. Dieser Winkel ermöglicht eine sehr feinfühlige Verstellung des Kegels und damit eine sehr feinfühlige Regelung. Unter Umständen sind jedoch auch Kegel mit einem Winkel von mehr als 30° möglich.It has proved to be particularly advantageous the cone at an angle of less than 30 ° Provided. This angle allows a very sensitive Adjustment of the cone and thus a very sensitive Regulation. Under certain circumstances, however, are also cones with a Angle of more than 30 ° possible.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels im Zusammenhang mit der beiliegenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt in:

  • Figur 1 ein Schaltschema der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung;
  • Figur 2 einen Axialschnitt durch ein in Figur 1 schematisch dargestelltes Bauteil.
    • The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawing shows in:
  • Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of the device according to the invention;
  • 2 shows an axial section through a component shown schematically in Figure 1.

    • Die Vorrichtung nach Figur 1 weist eine Gasleitung 1 und eine Luftleitung 2 auf. Zwischen den beiden Leitungen arbeitet ein pneumatischer Regler 3, der den Druck in der Gasleitung 1 in Abhängigkeit vom Druck in der Luftleitung 2 steuert. Die Gasleitung 1 und die Luftleitung 2 münden gemeinsam in einer Mischeinrichtung 4. Stromab der Mischeinrichtung 4 ist ein drehzahlsteuerbares Gebläse 5 angeordnet, welches das Gemisch zu einer nicht dargestellten Verbrennungseinrichtung fördert. The device of Figure 1 has a gas line 1 and an air line 2 on. Between the two lines works a pneumatic regulator 3, which controls the pressure in the gas line 1 as a function of the pressure in the air line 2 controls. The gas line 1 and the air line 2 open together in a mixing device 4. Downstream of the mixing device 4 a speed-controllable fan 5 is arranged, which the mixture to a combustion device, not shown promotes.

    Figur 2 zeigt im einzelnen die Konstruktion der Mischeinrichtung 4, an die das Gebläse 5 direkt angeschlossen ist. Letzteres wird von einem drehzahlsteuerbaren Motor 6 angetrieben.Figure 2 shows in detail the construction of the mixing device 4, to which the blower 5 directly connected is. The latter is a speed-controllable motor. 6 driven.

    Die Mischeinrichtung 4 weist eine Mischkammer 7 auf, die sich von ihrer Eintrittsöffnung aus in Strömungsrichtung venturidüsenartig erweitert. In die Eintrittsöffnung der Mischkammer 7 ragt eine Düse 8 hinein, die an die Luftleitung 2 angeschlossen ist. Die Düse 8 bildet mit dem Rand 9 der Eintrittsöffnung der Mischkammer 7 einen Ringspalt 10, der an die Gasleitung 1 angeschlossen ist.The mixing device 4 has a mixing chamber 7, the from its inlet opening in the direction of flow expanded like a venturi. In the entrance of the Mixing chamber 7 projects into a nozzle 8, which is connected to the air line 2 is connected. The nozzle 8 forms with the edge 9 the inlet opening of the mixing chamber 7 an annular gap 10, which is connected to the gas line 1.

    In der Luftleitung 2 ist ein Kegel 11 angeordnet, der von einem Linearmotor 12 in Axialrichtung relativ zur Düse 8 verstellbar ist. Gesteuert wird der Kegel 11 von einem nicht dargestellten Sensor, der im vorliegenden Fall die Zusammensetzung der Verbrennungsabgase erfaßt. Er liefert ein Signal, das die anstehende Gasqualität repräsentiert.In the air line 2, a cone 11 is arranged, the from a linear motor 12 in the axial direction relative to the nozzle 8 is adjustable. The cone 11 is not controlled by one represented sensor, which in the present case the composition the combustion exhaust gases detected. He delivers Signal representing the upcoming gas quality.

    In der Position nach Figur 2 ragt der Kegel 11, dessen Winkel bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel weniger als 30° beträgt und mit dem Öffnungswinkel der Düse 8 übereinstimmt, in letztere hinein. Ändert sich die Gasqualität in Richtung auf niedrigeren Brennwert, verschiebt der Linearmotor 12 den Kegel 11 nach links weiter in die Düse 8 hinein. Dadurch erhöht sich die Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Luft in die Mischkammer 7 eintritt. Dementsprechend wird mehr Gas in die Mischkammer 7 hineingefördert. Gleichzeitig sinkt die in die Mischkammer 7 eintretende Luftmenge. Im Ergebnis fördert weniger Luft mehr Gas in die Mischkammer 7. Dies kompensiert den sinkenden Brennwert.In the position of Figure 2, the cone 11, whose Angle in this embodiment less than 30 ° is equal to the opening angle of the nozzle 8, into the latter. Is the gas quality changing in the direction of to lower calorific value, the linear motor 12 shifts the Cone 11 to the left into the nozzle 8 into it. Thereby increases the speed with which the air in the Mixing chamber 7 occurs. Accordingly, more gas in the Mixed chamber 7 is conveyed. At the same time sinks in the Mixing chamber 7 entering amount of air. In the result promotes less air more gas in the mixing chamber 7. This compensates the sinking calorific value.

    Bei steigendem Brennwert arbeitet die Regelung in entgegengesetzter Richtung. Durch das Verstellen des Kegels 11 können Schwankungen des Luftdrucks und der Verbrennungslufttemperatur ausgeglichen werden.As the calorific value increases, the control operates in the opposite direction Direction. By adjusting the cone 11 can be variations in air pressure and the Combustion air temperature can be compensated.

    Die Erfindung kombiniert die Vorteile eines pneumatischen Verbundes mit den Vorteilen eines elektronischen Verbundes unter gleichzeitiger Erhöhung des Modulationsgrades. Die Mindestleistung der Verbrennungseinrichtung kann ohne Stabilitätseinbuße abgesenkt werden.The invention combines the advantages of a pneumatic Alliance with the advantages of an electronic network while simultaneously increasing the degree of modulation. The minimum power of the combustion device can without Stability loss can be lowered.

    Kommt die Verbrennungseinrichtung zum Stillstand, kann der Kegel 11 so weit in die Düse 8 hineingefahren werden, daß er letztere verschließt. Dies verhindert eine Abgasrückströmung in die Luftleitung 2, sofern die Verbrennungseinrichtung an ein Abgassystem angeschlossen ist, das von weiteren Verbrennungseinrichtungen mit Überdruck beaufschlagt wird.If the combustion device comes to a standstill, can the cone 11 are driven so far into the nozzle 8, that he closes the latter. This prevents exhaust gas backflow in the air line 2, provided the combustion device connected to an exhaust system, that of another Combustion devices subjected to overpressure becomes.

    Fällt der den Linearmotor 12 des Kegels 11 steuernde Sensor aus, wird der Kegel 11 so weit nach rechts gefahren, daß er den Querschnitt der Düse 8 vollständig freigibt. Die verbrennungseinrichtung wird dann einzig und allein über den pneumatischen Regler 3, also in der konventionellen Weise eines pneumatischen Verbundes, geregelt. Dabei empfiehlt es sich, die minimale Leistung der Verbindungseinrichtung anzuheben.Falls of the linear motor 12 of the cone 11 controlling Sensor, the cone 11 is moved so far to the right, that he completely releases the cross section of the nozzle 8. The The incinerator then becomes solely and exclusively over the pneumatic regulator 3, that is in the conventional manner a pneumatic composite, regulated. It is recommended to raise the minimum power of the connector.

    Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind durchaus Abwandlungsmöglichkeiten gegeben. So kann der pneumatische Regler 3 den Steuerdruck für die Steuerung des Drucks in der Gasleitung 1 auch an anderer Stelle als in der Luftleitung 2 abgreifen, beispielsweise in der Mischkammer 7. Auch kann der den Linearmotor 12 steuernde Sensor beispielsweise lediglich die Verbrennungslufttemperatur und/oder den Luftdruck bzw. die Gasqualität erfassen.Within the scope of the invention are quite modification possibilities given. So the pneumatic controller 3 can the Control pressure for the control of the pressure in the gas line 1 also pick up at a location other than in the air line 2, For example, in the mixing chamber 7. Also, the the linear motor 12 controlling sensor, for example, only the Combustion air temperature and / or the air pressure or the Record gas quality.

    Claims (4)

    Vorrichtung zum Regeln des Gas/Luft-Verhaltnisses für eine vormischende Verbrennungseinrichtung, mit einem pneumatischen Regler (3), der das Verhältnis zwischen dem Druck in einer Gasleitung (1) und dem Druck in einer Luftleitung (2) konstant hält, einer stromab des Reglers (3) angeordneten Mischeinrichtung (4), die folgende Merkmale aufweist: eine Mischkammer (7), die sich von ihrer Eintrittsöffnung aus in Strömungsrichtung venturidüsenartig erweitert, eine an die Luftleitung (2) angeschlossene Düse (8), die in die Eintrittsöffnung der Mischkammer (7) hineinragt, einen an die Gasleitung (1) angeschlossenen Ringspalt (10), der zwischen dem Rand (9) der Eintrittsöffnung der Mischkammer (7) und der an die Luftleitung (2) angeschlossenen Düse (8) ausgebildet ist, und einen in der Luftleitung (2) angeordneten Kegel (11), der in Abhängigkeit von einem Signal eines Sensors in Axialrichtung relativ zu der an die Luftleitung (2) angeschlossenen Düse (8) verstellbar ist, und mit einem drehzahlsteuerbaren Gebläse (5), das das Gemisch aus der Mischkammer (7) zur Verbrennungseinrichtung fördert. Device for controlling the gas / air ratio for a premixing combustion device, with a pneumatic regulator (3) which keeps constant the ratio between the pressure in a gas line (1) and the pressure in an air line (2), a mixing device (4) arranged downstream of the regulator (3) and having the following features: a mixing chamber (7) which widens venturi-like in the flow direction from its inlet opening, a nozzle (8) connected to the air line (2) and projecting into the inlet opening of the mixing chamber (7), an annular gap (10) connected to the gas line (1) and formed between the edge (9) of the inlet opening of the mixing chamber (7) and the nozzle (8) connected to the air line (2), and a cone (11) arranged in the air duct (2) which is adjustable in the axial direction relative to the nozzle (8) connected to the air duct (2) in dependence on a signal from a sensor, and a speed controllable fan (5) which conveys the mixture from the mixing chamber (7) to the combustion device. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kegel (11) von einem Linearmotor (12) betätigbar ist. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cone (11) of a linear motor (12) is actuated. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Öffnungsquerschnitt der an die Luftleitung (2) angeschlossenen Düse (8) dem Querschnitt des Kegels (11) derart angepaßt ist, daß die Düse (8) mit dem Kegel (11) vollständig verschließbar ist.Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening cross section of the nozzle (8) connected to the air duct (2) is adapted to the cross section of the cone (11) such that the nozzle (8) can be completely closed with the cone (11) is. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Winkel des Kegels (11) weniger als 30° beträgt.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the angle of the cone (11) is less than 30 °.
    EP03024295A 2003-05-30 2003-10-23 Device for controlling the fuel/air ratio in a premix combustion apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP1482245B1 (en)

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    DE10324706 2003-05-30

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    ITPD20090215A1 (en) * 2009-07-22 2011-01-23 Ln 2 Srl Socio Unico AIR-GAS MIXER DEVICE, PARTICULARLY FOR PRE-MIXING BURNER APPLIANCES.
    ITPD20110372A1 (en) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-25 Ln 2 Srl Socio Unico AIR-GAS MIXER DEVICE FOR COMBUSTIBLE GAS BURNERS WITH PRE-MIXING
    CN103228989A (en) * 2010-11-26 2013-07-31 贝卡尔特燃烧技术股份有限公司 Burner with secondary axial flow elements
    CN103917767A (en) * 2011-05-19 2014-07-09 Mtu腓特烈港有限责任公司 Gas mixer, gas mixing system, gas engine
    DE102013220954A1 (en) * 2013-10-16 2015-04-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heater with a burner assisted by a fan
    WO2015187290A1 (en) * 2014-06-04 2015-12-10 Lochinvar, Llc Modulating burner with venturi damper
    EP3203151A1 (en) * 2016-02-03 2017-08-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel-air mixture device for a heating device
    CN111895410A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-11-06 欧保(中国)环境工程股份有限公司 Vector control gas low-nitrogen burner
    EP3064778B1 (en) * 2015-03-06 2022-02-16 ELICA S.p.A. Radial fan with air-gas mixing arrangement
    US11933250B2 (en) 2020-07-28 2024-03-19 Cummins Inc. Gaseous fuel-air mixer with higher mixture uniformity

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    EP2278224A3 (en) * 2009-07-22 2013-02-27 LN 2 S.R.L. a socio unico Air-gas mixer device, particularly for premix burner
    ITPD20090215A1 (en) * 2009-07-22 2011-01-23 Ln 2 Srl Socio Unico AIR-GAS MIXER DEVICE, PARTICULARLY FOR PRE-MIXING BURNER APPLIANCES.
    CN103228989A (en) * 2010-11-26 2013-07-31 贝卡尔特燃烧技术股份有限公司 Burner with secondary axial flow elements
    CN103917767B (en) * 2011-05-19 2016-12-07 Mtu腓特烈港有限责任公司 Gas mixer, gas mixing system, gas engine
    CN103917767A (en) * 2011-05-19 2014-07-09 Mtu腓特烈港有限责任公司 Gas mixer, gas mixing system, gas engine
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    DE102013220954A1 (en) * 2013-10-16 2015-04-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heater with a burner assisted by a fan
    CN106662323B (en) * 2014-06-04 2019-09-17 烈骑有限责任公司 Adjustable combustion device with Venturi tube damper
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    WO2015187290A1 (en) * 2014-06-04 2015-12-10 Lochinvar, Llc Modulating burner with venturi damper
    EP3064778B1 (en) * 2015-03-06 2022-02-16 ELICA S.p.A. Radial fan with air-gas mixing arrangement
    EP3203151A1 (en) * 2016-02-03 2017-08-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel-air mixture device for a heating device
    CN111895410A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-11-06 欧保(中国)环境工程股份有限公司 Vector control gas low-nitrogen burner
    CN111895410B (en) * 2020-06-29 2022-02-01 欧保(中国)环境工程股份有限公司 Vector control gas low-nitrogen burner
    US11933250B2 (en) 2020-07-28 2024-03-19 Cummins Inc. Gaseous fuel-air mixer with higher mixture uniformity

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    CA2464993A1 (en) 2004-11-30
    SI1482245T1 (en) 2006-08-31
    CA2464993C (en) 2009-07-28
    US6990964B2 (en) 2006-01-31
    PL202022B1 (en) 2009-05-29
    DE10324706B3 (en) 2004-12-02
    EP1482245B1 (en) 2006-02-22
    ES2258691T3 (en) 2006-09-01
    US20040237947A1 (en) 2004-12-02
    DE50302463D1 (en) 2006-04-27
    ATE318393T1 (en) 2006-03-15
    PL367655A1 (en) 2004-12-13

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