EP1480770B1 - Method and device for producing precision investment-cast ne metal alloy members - Google Patents
Method and device for producing precision investment-cast ne metal alloy members Download PDFInfo
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- EP1480770B1 EP1480770B1 EP03722201A EP03722201A EP1480770B1 EP 1480770 B1 EP1480770 B1 EP 1480770B1 EP 03722201 A EP03722201 A EP 03722201A EP 03722201 A EP03722201 A EP 03722201A EP 1480770 B1 EP1480770 B1 EP 1480770B1
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- moulds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/04—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of shallow solid or hollow bodies, e.g. wheels or rings, in moulds rotating around their axis of symmetry
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/06—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of solid or hollow bodies in moulds rotating around an axis arranged outside the mould
- B22D13/066—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of solid or hollow bodies in moulds rotating around an axis arranged outside the mould several moulds being disposed in a circle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/10—Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings
- B22D13/101—Moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/10—Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings
- B22D13/107—Means for feeding molten metal
Definitions
- the melt is from a heated, rotatably mounted sprue consisting of heated shell molds and the outer shape of the projecting components corresponding molds via outlet openings fed.
- the molds are with respect to the associated outlet opening permanently set.
- Such manufactured by investment casting components are therefore subsequently by a so-called To remunerate HIP procedures.
- a hot isostatic pressing process are to compact G telllunker and by a subsequent heat treatment to stabilize the structure of the component produced by casting.
- this object is achieved according to the invention solved by a process for dimensional precision investment casting of components made of non-ferrous metal alloys, with the outer shape of the respective components to be produced, from heated Formschaten existing molds, which melt from a heated rotatably mounted sprue device is supplied via outlet openings, wherein the spatial angle of the Molds adjustable with respect to the respectively associated outlet opening are and are chosen such that a complete filling about acceleration forces including the Coriolis forces of the melt-pronounced centrifugal forces he follows.
- the melt for the casting process in the sprue by means of the centrifugal forces against the by gravity certain flow direction deflected by approximately 30 ° - 180 ° and the inflow into the molds by the acceleration forces including the Coriolis forces for homogeneous filling of the molds forced.
- the heated rotatably mounted sprue and the heated molds on predetermined, with the non-ferrous metal alloys used for investment casting corresponding, maintaining their fluidity, preferably 10 to 200 ° C above the melting point of the non-ferrous metal alloy Process temperatures held.
- the inventive method has a number of advantages.
- Eingussvorraum a vertical, rotatably mounted cup-shaped container used with aerodynamically trained bottom surface, with at his Jacket surface arranged at a predetermined distance from the bottom surface and with the container via outlet openings communicating molds existing molds means for Heating the sprue and the molds are provided and wherein the molds over means with their spatial angle of attack in relation to the respectively assigned aerodynamically trained; outlet opening in the container are adjustable so that a homogeneous mold filling without Stalls of the melt takes place.
- containers and molds consist container and Molds of low-melting ceramic with embedded Metal particles, so containers and molds are preferably known inductively per se Inductors or controlled by microwaves exactly controllable heated.
- the supply the melt serving gutter with respect to the melt also streamlined is formed and made against the melt reaction poor heatable Ceramics with embedded metal particles.
- the melt can but according to a further embodiment of the invention also within the Container of the sprue device are generated during its rotation.
- fillers and gutters can be made of coated steel, coated Graphite, made of tantalum, titanium or niobium.
- the apparatus of Figure 1 shows a rotatable about an axis 10 in total the reference numeral 11 designated pouring device, the melt of a Ladle 12 via a streamlined trained runner 14 fed becomes.
- the sprue 11 is rotatably mounted vertically standing - the required for this purpose Drive device is not shown for clarity -, and includes a cup-shaped container 15 with a rotationally symmetrical side wall 16 and an integrally formed flow-optimized bottom 18. Im Distance a from the bottom 18 are symmetrical on the circumference of the side wall Distributed 16 fluidically optimized outlet openings 19, which with Half shells 20 existing molds 22 communicate.
- the molds are at spatial angles sr with respect to the associated outlet openings 19 adjustably connected to the container 15.
- the setting of the Angle sr is a function of the specific weights of the non-ferrous metal alloy used, the casting temperature and the speed n of the container and the respective specific weight of the alloy, so that the entire feed fluidics is designed optimized.
- the container 15 and the associated molds 22 are in their predetermined Location by means of a suitable ceramic, serving as a matrix for these Bracket 23 is arranged between a base plate 24 and a cover plate 26 is clamped. Via an opening 28, the heated to casting temperature Melt emerging from the ladle 12 and passed on the trough 14 Melt enter the container 15.
- a suitable ceramic serving as a matrix for these Bracket 23
- the heated to casting temperature Melt emerging from the ladle 12 and passed on the trough 14 Melt enter the container 15.
- heaters 30 - such as Inductors - are both the sprue 11th and runner 14 and the molds 22 so inductively heated that the Melt remains until the completed casting to casting temperature.
- This the fluidity the melt-maintaining temperatures correspond to those for Investment casting used non-ferrous metal alloys.
- containers 14, container 15 and molds 22 from the melt less reactive Ceramic with embedded metal particles can but also made of coated steel, tantalum, titanium or niobium.
- Coriolis force is known as the inertial force, in addition to the manager and the centrifugal force on a moving in a rotating system Body acts.
- the Coriolis force is perpendicular to that of the velocity vector and the axis of rotation formed plane.
- the non-ferrous metal alloy located in the ladle 12 is converted by heating in a conventional manner in the desired melt and passes - As already described - on the heated runner 14 in the rotating also heated sprue 11, where by gravity to the bottom 18 of the Container 15 passes.
- the rotation of the container act on the melt Centrifugal forces, the direction reversal of the flow direction of the melt from approximately 30 ° to 180 °, so that these on the inner wall of the side wall 16 adjoining rises up to the height of the outlet openings 19.
- the spatial Anstellwinkel sr of the molds 22 are selected such that this with the In the direction of the Coriolis force vectors coincide, these act in addition to the Centrifugal forces on the melt, with the result that the melt is not can only enter through the openings 19 in the molds, but that this itself to the openings 19 subsequent cavities of the molds quickly and safe and complete and homogeneous. After solidification of the melt removed the molds and the respective investment casting in the usual way applied.
- the pouring device In the illustrated in Figure 2, generally designated by the reference numeral 40 embodiment the pouring device, of which the pouring device 11 corresponding Components are designated by like reference numerals, which are located in their Angular position sr adjustable, held in the posture 23 22 on upper edge of the now rotatably mounted in the pouring device 11 container 15. This has in this area acting for the melt as a nozzle Distributor 42 on.
- the leading to the interior of the mold 22 outlet openings 19th are - as in the embodiment of Figure 1 - also aerodynamically favorable for the melt educated.
- the non-ferrous metal alloy is here the container 15 as melting in the rotating container supplied so-called ingot, so ladle 12 and pouring 14th of the embodiment of Figure 1 omitted.
- the cover plate 26 is detachable with the pouring device 40 connected. Since the inductively heatable container 15 rotatable by itself is stored in the sprue 40, are temperature-resistant seals 45 between the inlet openings of the stationary molds 22 and the outlet openings 19 of the rotating container 15 is provided.
- the mode of action the sprue device described above corresponds to that in connection with FIG. 1, but with the effect of unfolding the nozzle effect Distributor 42, the supply of the melt in the molds 22 and thus whose filling is favorably influenced.
- the cast components still heated in the molds at 600 to 700 ° C. which is also inductive via the existing heaters 30 he follows.
- the cooling rate of the cast components is controlled kept low for cracks, breaks and the like in the components to avoid.
- the removal The cast components from the molds so takes place only after reaching the each desired degree of cooling, depending on the composition of each used non-ferrous metal alloy is to choose.
- the invention described above ensures for the first time that the Coriolis forces of the melt imparted centrifugal forces specifically also can be effective and apply the melt similar to a plunger and thus urge the melt completely and homogeneously into the mold, this So fill completely and void-free, without a damaging stall the melt and a different solidifying boundary layer formation take place can.
- the cooling rate becomes controlled low, so that the uncontrolled cooling occurring Residual stresses in the components and resulting cracks, fractures etc. be avoided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Description
Ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Feinguss ist in US2001/0045267 A 1 offenbart. Hierin wird die Schmelze von einer beheizten, drehbar gelagerten Eingussvorrichtung den aus beheizten Formschalen bestehenden und mit der Außenform der hervorstehenden Bauteile korrespondierenden Gussformen über Austrittsöffnungen zugeführt. Die Gussformen sind dabei bezüglich der zugeordneten Austrittsöffnung fest eingestellt.A method and apparatus for precision casting is disclosed in US2001 / 0045267 A1. Herein, the melt is from a heated, rotatably mounted sprue consisting of heated shell molds and the outer shape of the projecting components corresponding molds via outlet openings fed. The molds are with respect to the associated outlet opening permanently set.
Die Feingussherstellung von NE-Metalllegierungen, vorzugsweise von TiAI-Bauteilen insbesondere zur Verwendung im Turbomaschinenbau ist dabei aufwendig und schwierig, da während des Aufheizens und des Gießvorganges. Legierungselemente aus der Schmelze verdampfen, den Gießvorgang ungünstig beeinflussende Grenzschichten gebildet werden sowie die Gefahr der Entstehung von Gießlunkern besteht, die zu einer Destabilisierung des Legierungsgefüges führen. Hierbei ist ferner zu berücksichtigen, dass die Zeit für den eigentlichen Gießvorgang gegenüber der Zeit für den Aufheizvorgang der Schmelze verschwindend gering ist.Precision casting of non-ferrous metal alloys, preferably of TiAl components in particular for use in turbomachinery is consuming and difficult because during heating and the casting process. alloying elements evaporate from the melt, the casting unfavorably influencing boundary layers are formed and there is a risk of the formation of castings, which lead to a destabilization of the alloy structure. It should also be taken into account that time for the actual casting process versus time for the heating process of the melt is negligible.
Solche durch Feinguss hergestellten Bauteile sind daher anschließend durch ein sogenanntes HIP-Verfahren zu vergüten. Durch einen heissisostatischen Pressvorgang sind Gießlunker zu verdichten und durch eine anschließende Wärmebehandlung das Gefüge des durch Gießen hergestellten Bauteils zu stabilisieren.Such manufactured by investment casting components are therefore subsequently by a so-called To remunerate HIP procedures. By a hot isostatic pressing process are to compact Gießlunker and by a subsequent heat treatment to stabilize the structure of the component produced by casting.
Die Einhaltung vorgegebener Werkstoffspezifikationen für solche derart herzustellenden Bauteile ist daher überaus kostenintensiv und hohe Ausschussquoten sind unvermeidlich.Compliance with specified material specifications for such produced Components is therefore extremely expensive and high reject rates are inevitable.
Hier setzt nun die Erfindung ein, deren Aufgabe es ist, die Herstellung von Bauteilen aus NE-Metalllegierungen insbesondere für den Einsatz im Turbomaschinenbau mittels Feinguss signifikant zu verbessern.This is where the invention begins, the task of which is the production of components from non-ferrous metal alloys in particular for use in turbomachinery by means of Significantly improve precision casting.
Ausgehend von dem bekannten Schleuderformguss, bei dem durch Rotation eines Teils der Gießeinrichtung die Zentrifugalkräfte Einfluss auf die Formgestaltung, die Formfüllung und die Kristallisation der Schmelze nehmen, wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur maßgenauen Feingussherstellung von Bauteilen aus NE-Metalllegierungen, mit der Außenform der jeweils herzustellenden Bauteile korrespondierenden, aus beheizten Formschaten bestehenden Gussformen, denen die Schmelze von einer beheizten drehbar gelagerten Eingussvorrichtung über Austrittsöffnungen zugeführt wird, wobei die räumlichen Anstellwinkel der Gussformen in Bezug auf die jeweils zugeordnete Austrittsöffnung einstellbar sind und derart gewählt werden, dass ein vollständiges Füllen über Beschleunigungskräfte einschließlich der Coriolis-Kräfte der der Schmelze ausgeprägten Zentrifugalkräfte erfolgt.Starting from the known centrifugal casting, in which by rotation of a Part of the caster's centrifugal forces influence the shape design, the Take mold filling and the crystallization of the melt, this object is achieved according to the invention solved by a process for dimensional precision investment casting of components made of non-ferrous metal alloys, with the outer shape of the respective components to be produced, from heated Formschaten existing molds, which melt from a heated rotatably mounted sprue device is supplied via outlet openings, wherein the spatial angle of the Molds adjustable with respect to the respectively associated outlet opening are and are chosen such that a complete filling about acceleration forces including the Coriolis forces of the melt-pronounced centrifugal forces he follows.
Nach einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird die Schmelze für den Gießvorgang in der Eingussvorrichtung mittels der Zentrifugalkräfte entgegen der durch die Schwerkraft bestimmten Fließrichtung um annähernd 30° - 180° umgelenkt und beim Einfließen in die Gussformen durch die Beschleunigungskräfte einschlieβlich der Coriolis-Kräfte zur homogenen Füllung der Gussformen gezwungen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the melt for the casting process in the sprue by means of the centrifugal forces against the by gravity certain flow direction deflected by approximately 30 ° - 180 ° and the inflow into the molds by the acceleration forces including the Coriolis forces for homogeneous filling of the molds forced.
Vorteilhafterweise werden die beheizte drehbar gelagerte Eingussvorrichtung und die beheizten Gussformen auf vorbestimmten, mit den für die Feingussherstellung verwendeten NE-Metalllegierungen korrespondierenden, deren Fließfähigkeit aufrechterhaltenden, vorzugsweise 10 bis 200° C über dem Schmelzpunkt der NE-Metalllegierung liegenden Verfahrenstemperaturen gehalten.Advantageously, the heated rotatably mounted sprue and the heated molds on predetermined, with the non-ferrous metal alloys used for investment casting corresponding, maintaining their fluidity, preferably 10 to 200 ° C above the melting point of the non-ferrous metal alloy Process temperatures held.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weist eine Reihe von Vorteilen auf.The inventive method has a number of advantages.
Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, dass durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren die Abdampfrate der Schmelze verringert und durch die strömungsmechanisch optimierte Ausgestaltung der Eingussvorrichtung zur Ausnutzung der Coriolis-Kräfte die Porosität der Gussteile im Hinblick auf die erzielbare Verkleinerung der Poren in der Schmelze verringert und damit feinere Gefüge als bisher erzielbar sind. Daher ist eine Nachbehandlung der aus der Form entnommenen Gussteile zwecks Vergütung durch heiss-isostatisches Pressen und anschließende Zufuhr von Wärme zwecks Stabilisierung des Legierungsgefüges nicht mehr notwendig. Dies führt zu einer wesentlichen Kostenreduzierung bei der Herstellung solcher Bauteile sowie zu Einsparungen bei den Materialkosten für die zu verwendenden NE-Metalllegierungen bezüglich Menge, Zusammensetzung und Reinheit. Darüber hinaus wird die Ausschussrate kleiner und werden Nachbehandlungskosten stark reduziert, wenn nicht gar eingespart.Surprisingly, it has been found that by the method according to the invention the evaporation rate of the melt is reduced and optimized by the flow mechanics Embodiment of the sprue for exploiting the Coriolis forces the Porosity of the castings in view of the achievable reduction of pores in the Melt reduced and thus finer structure than previously achievable. thats why a post-treatment of the castings removed from the mold for the purpose of remuneration by hot-isostatic pressing and subsequent supply of heat for the purpose Stabilization of the alloy structure no longer necessary. This leads to a substantial Cost reduction in the production of such components as well as savings in terms of material costs for the non-ferrous metal alloys to be used Quantity, composition and purity. In addition, the reject rate smaller and post-treatment costs are greatly reduced, if not saved.
Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird nach der Erfindung als Eingussvorrichtung ein senkrecht stehender, drehbar gelagerter napfförmiger Behälter mit strömungsgünstig ausgebildeter Bodenfläche verwendet, mit an seiner Mantelfläche im vorbestimmten Abstand zur Bodenfläche angeordneten und mit dem Behälter über Austrittsöffnungen kommunizierenden aus Formschalen bestehenden Gussformen wobei Mittel zur Beheizung der Eingussvorrichtung und der Gussformen vorgesehen sind und wobei die Gussformen über Mittel mit ihrem räumlichen Anstellwinkel in Bezug auf die jeweils zugeordnete strömungsgünstig ausgebildete; Austrittsöffnung im Behälter derart einstellbar sind, dass eine homogene Gussformfüllung ohne Strömungsabrisse der Schmelze erfolgt.For carrying out the method according to the invention is according to the invention as Eingussvorrichtung a vertical, rotatably mounted cup-shaped container used with aerodynamically trained bottom surface, with at his Jacket surface arranged at a predetermined distance from the bottom surface and with the container via outlet openings communicating molds existing molds means for Heating the sprue and the molds are provided and wherein the molds over means with their spatial angle of attack in relation to the respectively assigned aerodynamically trained; outlet opening in the container are adjustable so that a homogeneous mold filling without Stalls of the melt takes place.
Nach einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung bestehen Behälter und Gussformen aus gegenüber der Schmelze reaktionsarmer Keramik mit eingelagerten Metallpartikeln, sodass Behälter und Gussformen vorzugsweise induktiv an sich bekannter Induktoren oder mittels Mikrowellen exakt steuerbar beheizbar sind.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention consist container and Molds of low-melting ceramic with embedded Metal particles, so containers and molds are preferably known inductively per se Inductors or controlled by microwaves exactly controllable heated.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung die der Zuführung der Schmelze dienende Gießrinne in Bezug auf die Schmelze ebenfalls strömungsgünstig ausgebildet ist und aus gegenüber der Schmelze reaktionsarmer beheizbarer Keramik mit eingelagerten Metallpartikeln besteht. Die Schmelze kann aber gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung auch innerhalb des Behälters der Eingussvorrichtung während dessen Rotation erzeugt werden.It is advantageous if according to a further feature of the invention, the supply the melt serving gutter with respect to the melt also streamlined is formed and made against the melt reaction poor heatable Ceramics with embedded metal particles. The melt can but according to a further embodiment of the invention also within the Container of the sprue device are generated during its rotation.
Schließlich können Einfüllvorrichtungen und Gießrinne aus beschichtetem Stahl, beschichteten Graphit, aus Tantal, aus Titan oder aus Niob bestehen. Finally, fillers and gutters can be made of coated steel, coated Graphite, made of tantalum, titanium or niobium.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand zweier in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben.The invention is illustrated below with reference to two in the drawing schematically Embodiments described.
Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach der Erfindung und
- Fig. 2
- ein abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung nach Figur 1.
- Fig. 1
- a first embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention and
- Fig. 2
- a modified embodiment of the device of Figure 1.
Die Vorrichtung nach Figur 1 zeigt eine um eine Achse 10 drehbare insgesamt mit
der Bezugsziffer 11 bezeichnete Eingussvorrichtung, der die Schmelze aus einer
Gießpfanne 12 über eine strömungsgünstig ausgebildete Gießrinne 14 zugeführt
wird.The apparatus of Figure 1 shows a rotatable about an
Die Eingussvorrichtung 11 ist senkrecht stehend drehbar gelagert - die hierzu erforderliche
Antriebsvorrichtung ist der Übersicht halber nicht dargestellt -, und umfasst
einen napfförmigen Behälter 15 mit einer rotationssymmetrischen Seitenwandung
16 und einem daran angeformten strömungsoptimiert ausgebildeten Boden 18. Im
Abstand a vom Boden 18 befinden sich symmetrisch am Umfang der Seitenwandung
16 verteilt strömungsmechanisch optimierte Austrittsöffnungen 19, die mit aus
Halbschalen 20 bestehenden Gussformen 22 kommunizieren.The
Die Gussformen sind um räumliche Winkel sr in Bezug auf die zugeordneten Austrittsöffnungen
19 einstellbar mit dem Behälter 15 verbunden. Die Einstellung der
Winkel sr erfolgt in Abhängigkeit der spezifischen Gewichte der verwendeten NE-Metalllegierung,
der Gießtemperatur und der Drehzahl n des Behälters sowie des jeweiligen
spezifischen Gewichts der Legierung, sodass die gesamte Zuführung strömungsmechanisch
optimiert ausgebildet ist.The molds are at spatial angles sr with respect to the associated
Der Behälter 15 und die zugeordneten Gussformen 22 sind in ihrer vorbestimmten
Lage mittels einer aus geeigneter Keramik bestehenden, als Matrix für diese dienenden
Halterung 23 angeordnet, die zwischen einer Grundplatte 24 und einer Deckplatte
26 eingespannt ist. Über eine Öffnung 28 kann die auf Gießtemperatur aufgeheizte
Schmelze aus der Gießpfanne 12 austretende und über die Gießrinne 14 weitergeleitete
Schmelze in den Behälter 15 eintreten. Über geeignet exakt steuerbare Heizvorrichtungen
30 - wie z.B. Induktoren - werden sowohl die Eingussvorrichtung 11
und Gießrinne 14 als auch die Gussformen 22 derart induktiv beheizt, dass die
Schmelze bis zum vollendeten Guss auf Gießtemperatur verbleibt. Diese die Fließfähigkeit
der Schmelze aufrechterhaltenden Temperaturen korrespondieren mit den für
die Feingussherstellung verwendeten NE-Metalllegierungen. Hierzu bestehen Gießrinnen
14, Behälter 15 und Gussformen 22 aus gegenüber der Schmelze reaktionsarmer
Keramik mit eingelagerten Metallpartikeln. Behälter und Gießformen können
aber auch aus beschichteten Stahl, aus Tantal, aus Titan oder aus Niob bestehen.The
Mit Coriolis-Kraft wird bekanntlich die Trägheitskraft bezeichnet, die neben der Führungskraft und der Zentrifugalkraft auf einen sich in einem rotierenden System bewegenden Körper einwirkt. Die Coriolis-Kraft steht senkrecht auf der vom Geschwindigkeitsvektor und der Drehachse gebildeten Ebene.Coriolis force is known as the inertial force, in addition to the manager and the centrifugal force on a moving in a rotating system Body acts. The Coriolis force is perpendicular to that of the velocity vector and the axis of rotation formed plane.
Für den Gießvorgang wird die in der Gießpfanne 12 befindliche NE-Metalllegierung
durch Erhitzen in üblicher Weise in die gewünschte Schmelze überführt und gelangt
- wie bereits beschrieben - über die beheizte Gießrinne 14 in die rotierende ebenfalls
beheizte Eingussvorrichtung 11, wo sie durch Schwerkraft auf den Boden 18 des
Behälters 15 gelangt. Infolge der Drehung des Behälters wirken auf die Schmelze
Zentrifugalkräfte, die eine Richtungsumkehr der Fließrichtung der Schmelze von annährend
30° bis 180° bewirken, sodass diese an der Innenwandung der Seitenwandung
16 anliegend aufsteigt bis in die Höhe der Austrittsöffnungen 19. Da die räumlichen
Anstellwinkel sr der Gussformen 22 derart gewählt sind, dass diese mit der
Richtung der Coriolis-Kraftvektoren koinzidieren, wirken diese zusätzlich zu den
Zentrifugalkräften auf die Schmelze ein, was zur Folge hat, dass die Schmelze nicht
nur über die Öffnungen 19 in die Gussformen eintreten kann, sondern dass diese die
sich an die Öffnungen 19 anschließenden Hohlräume der Gussformen schnell und
sicher sowie vollständig und homogen ausfüllt. Nach Erstarren der Schmelze werden
die Gussformen abgenommen und das jeweilige Feingussbauteil in üblicher Weise
ausgebracht. For the casting process, the non-ferrous metal alloy located in the
Bei dem in Figur 2 dargestellten, insgesamt mit der Bezugziffer 40 bezeichneten Ausführungsbeispiel
der Eingussvorrichtung, dessen der Eingussvorrichtung 11 entsprechende
Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugziffern bezeichnet sind, befinden sich die in ihrer
Winkelstellung sr einstellbaren, in der Haltung 23 gehaltenen Gussformen 22 am
oberen Rand des in der Eingussvorrichtung 11 nunmehr drehbar gelagerten Behälters
15. Dieser weist in diesem Bereich einen für die Schmelze als Düse wirkenden
Verteiler 42 auf. Die zum Inneren der Gussform 22 führenden Austrittsöffnungen 19
sind - wie im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 - ebenfalls für die Schmelze strömungsgünstig
ausgebildet.In the illustrated in Figure 2, generally designated by the
Die NE-Metalllegierung wird hier dem Behälter 15 als im rotierenden Behälter aufschmelzender
sogenannter Ingot zugeführt, sodass Gießpfanne 12 und Gießrinne 14
des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Figur 1 entfallen. Für das Einsetzen des Ingots in den
Behälter 15 weist dieser einen hierfür zu öffnenden Deckel 44 auf, an den Verteiler
42 befestigt ist. Hierzu ist die Deckplatte 26 abnehmbar mit der Eingussvorrichtung
40 verbunden. Da der ebenfalls induktiv aufheizbare Behälter 15 für sich allein drehbar
in der Eingussvorrichtung 40 gelagert ist, sind temperaturbeständige Dichtungen
45 zwischen den Einlassöffnungen der stillstehenden Gussformen 22 und den Austrittsöffnungen
19 des sich drehenden Behälters 15 vorgesehen. Die Wirkungsweise
der vorstehend beschriebenen Eingussvorrichtung entspricht der in Verbindung mit
Figur 1 beschriebenen Wirkungsweise, wobei jedoch über den düsenwirkungsentfaltenden
Verteiler 42 die Zuführung der Schmelze in die Gussformen 22 und damit
deren Füllung günstig beeinflusst wird.The non-ferrous metal alloy is here the
Für beide Ausführungsformen, also nach Figur 1 und Figur 2, ist vorgesehen, dass
die gegossenen Bauteile noch in den Gussformen auf 600 bis 700° C aufgeheizt
werden können, was ebenfalls induktiv über die vorhandenen Heizvorrichtungen 30
erfolgt. Auf diese Weise wird die Abkühlungsrate der gegossenen Bauteile gesteuert
niedrig gehalten, um Risse, Brüche u.ä. in den Bauteilen zu vermeiden. Die Entnahme
der gegossenen Bauteile aus den Gussformen erfolgt also erst nach Erreichen des
jeweils gewünschten Abkühlungsgrades, der je nach Zusammensetzung der jeweils
verwendeten NE-Metalllegierung zu wählen ist.For both embodiments, ie according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, it is provided that
the cast components still heated in the molds at 600 to 700 ° C.
which is also inductive via the existing
Mit der vorstehend beschriebenen Erfindung wird erstmals sichergestellt, dass die Coriolis-Kräfte der der Schmelze aufgeprägten Zentrifugalkräfte gezielt ebenfalls wirksam werden können und die Schmelze ähnlich einem Druckstempel beaufschlagen und damit die Schmelze vollständig und homogen in die Gussform drängen, diese also vollständig und lunkerfrei füllen, ohne dass ein schädlicher Strömungsabriss der Schmelze sowie eine unterschiedlich erstarrende Grenzschichtbildung erfolgen kann. Durch das Aufheizen des gegossenen Bauteils in der Gussform wird die Abkühlungsrate gesteuert niedrig gehalten, sodass die bei ungesteuerter Abkühlung auftretenden Eigenspannungen in den Bauteilen und daraus resultierende Risse, Brüche u.ä. vermieden werden.The invention described above ensures for the first time that the Coriolis forces of the melt imparted centrifugal forces specifically also can be effective and apply the melt similar to a plunger and thus urge the melt completely and homogeneously into the mold, this So fill completely and void-free, without a damaging stall the melt and a different solidifying boundary layer formation take place can. By heating the cast component in the mold, the cooling rate becomes controlled low, so that the uncontrolled cooling occurring Residual stresses in the components and resulting cracks, fractures etc. be avoided.
Claims (12)
- Process for accurate production of high quality castings of components made of non-ferrous metal alloys, particularly for use in turbo-machine construction with moulds comprising heated form shells corresponding to the outer form of the parts to be produced in each case, the molten material of the said moulds being supplied, via outlets, from a heated pouring device that is supported such that it can rotate, characterized in that the spatial setting angle of the moulds can be adjusted in relation to the given associated outlet and are selected such that complete filling occurs by means of acceleration forces including the Coriolis effect in the centrifugal forces that mark the molten material.
- Process in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the molten material for the casting process is redirected through approximately 30 to 180°, by means of centrifugal forces, determined by the force of gravity, and the molten material is forced into the moulds, when flowing into them, by the acceleration forces including the Coriolis effect, giving uniform filling of the moulds.
- Process in accordance with claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the heated pouring device, which is supported such that it can rotate, and the heated moulds, are kept at process temperatures, which correspond to the non-ferrous metal alloy used for the production of high quality castings, which maintain their fluidity and that preferably lie 10° to 200°C above the melting-point of the non-ferrous metal alloys.
- Process in accordance with claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the molten material is produced outside or inside the pouring device.
- Process in accordance with claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, for controlled reduction of the cooling rate of the high quality casting parts, which are still in the moulds, the said high-quality parts are heated to 100 to 900°C.
- Device for carrying out the process in accordance with claims 1 to 5, with a pan-shaped vessel (15), which is vertical and supported such that it can rotate, as a pouring device (11, 40), the said vessel (15) having a base formed such that it favours flow, and with moulds (22) disposed on its surface (side 16) at a set distance (a) from the base (18) and with moulds, comprising form shells, that communicate with the vessel (15) by means of outlets, characterized in that the moulds (22) can be adjusted, with regard to their spatial setting angle (sr), in relation to the given associated outlet (19), in the vessel (15), such that filling of the moulds with molten material occurs without breaks in flow.
- Device in accordance with claim 6, characterized in that the vessel (15) is supported, in the pouring device (40), such that it can rotate relative to the moulds that are disposed such that they can be adjusted (with regard to their spatial setting angle sr) and is provided with a closable cover (44) for the uptake of an ingot on non-ferrous metal alloys.
- Device in accordance with claim 7, characterized in that the moulds (22) are disposed close to the upper rim of the vessel (15) the inlets of which are associated with a distributor (42), which folds round the jet effect, disposed on the vessel (15).
- Device in accordance with claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the vessel (15) and moulds (22) are made of ceramics, showing a low level of reaction to the molten material, with embedded metal particles.
- Device in accordance with claim 6, characterized in that a pouring spout (14), serving for the supply of molten material, is formed such that it favours flow of the molten material and is likewise made of ceramic material, showing a low level of reaction to the molten material, with metal particles embedded in it.
- Device in accordance with claim 6, characterized in that the vessel and moulds are made of coated steel, coated graphite, tantalum, titanium, or niobium.
- Device in accordance with claims 6 to 11, characterized in that heating of the pouring device (1) and the moulds (22) occurs inductively or by means of microwaves.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10210001 | 2002-03-07 | ||
| DE10210001A DE10210001A1 (en) | 2002-03-07 | 2002-03-07 | Method and device for the precision investment casting of components made of non-ferrous metal alloys and non-ferrous metal alloys for carrying out the method |
| PCT/DE2003/000661 WO2003074210A2 (en) | 2002-03-07 | 2003-03-03 | Method and device for producing precision investment-cast ne metal alloy members and ne metal alloys for carrying out said method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1480770A2 EP1480770A2 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
| EP1480770B1 true EP1480770B1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
Family
ID=27771077
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03722201A Revoked EP1480770B1 (en) | 2002-03-07 | 2003-03-03 | Method and device for producing precision investment-cast ne metal alloy members |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050279481A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1480770B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005527375A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10210001A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003074210A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7302993B1 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2007-12-04 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Cast parts with improved surface properties and methods for their production |
| ATE520486T1 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2011-09-15 | Manfred Renkel | METHOD FOR PRODUCING INVESTMENT CASTINGS BY CENTRIFUL CASTING |
| ATE508820T1 (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2011-05-15 | Manfred Renkel | METHOD FOR PRODUCING INVESTMENT CASTINGS BY CENTRIFUL CASTING |
| DE102007020638B4 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2017-02-09 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Centrifugal casting method and arrangement for a centrifugal casting apparatus |
| DE102009052835A1 (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-05-19 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a component from a fiber-reinforced material |
| CN103028715B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2015-01-28 | 郑州电力机械厂 | Centrifugal casting method of double suction type impeller |
| CN102756083A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-10-31 | 鹰普航空零部件（无锡）有限公司 | Production method for fired mold aviation casting |
| WO2014057208A2 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-17 | Snecma | Method for manufacturing metal parts for a turbine machine |
| DE102013010739B4 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2019-08-08 | Audi Ag | Method for producing an impeller of an exhaust gas turbocharger |
| JP6344034B2 (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2018-06-20 | 株式会社Ihi | Casting method of TiAl alloy |
| US10493523B1 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2019-12-03 | Williams International Co., L.L.C. | Method of producing a cast component |
| CN106180581B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-01-05 | 巢湖市聚源机械有限公司 | A kind of bearing block G. Iron Castings produce frock |
| KR102183487B1 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2020-11-26 | 성보공업주식회사 | Continuous vertical type centrifugal casting |
| CN113695525A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-26 | 宁波开发区安德鲁精铸有限公司 | Pump cover production equipment and production process thereof |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE544821C (en) * | 1932-02-25 | Leopold Rado | Device for cleaning and casting metals and metal alloys by centrifugal force | |
| DE715260C (en) * | 1934-08-02 | 1941-12-18 | Peter Eyermann | Machine for casting blocks on a turntable |
| DE723482C (en) * | 1936-05-20 | 1942-08-05 | Schoeller Bleckmann Stahlwerke | Centrifugal casting machine |
| DE1052069B (en) * | 1952-05-06 | 1959-03-05 | Sulzer Ag | Pouring funnel for centrifugal molds |
| DE1106931B (en) * | 1952-06-12 | 1961-05-18 | Max Adolphe Bunford | Process for filling centrifugal molds |
| CS225775B1 (en) * | 1982-02-01 | 1984-02-13 | Jiri Ing Csc Andras | The equipment for high frequency or medium frequency metal melting and the following centrifugal casting |
| DE4105080C1 (en) * | 1991-01-26 | 1992-10-08 | Cerox Technische Keramik Gmbh, 8443 Bogen, De | Centrifugal casting device with reduced alloy loss - has inductively heated crucible at an acute angle with horizontal centrifuging plane |
| US5135041A (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1992-08-04 | Conley Casting Supply Corp. | Multi-mold centrifugal casting apparatus |
| JP2663392B2 (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1997-10-15 | 工業技術院長 | Core for casting titanium and its alloys |
| DE19639514C1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1997-12-18 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Production of high-precision centrifugal castings with controlled solidification |
| EP1052298A1 (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2000-11-15 | Howmet Research Corporation | Creep resistant gamma titanium aluminide |
-
2002
- 2002-03-07 DE DE10210001A patent/DE10210001A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-03-03 EP EP03722201A patent/EP1480770B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2003-03-03 DE DE50301746T patent/DE50301746D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-03 JP JP2003572710A patent/JP2005527375A/en active Pending
- 2003-03-03 US US10/506,982 patent/US20050279481A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-03 WO PCT/DE2003/000661 patent/WO2003074210A2/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1480770A2 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
| US20050279481A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
| DE10210001A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
| WO2003074210A2 (en) | 2003-09-12 |
| WO2003074210A3 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
| JP2005527375A (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| DE50301746D1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
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