EP1476648A1 - VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR ERKENNUNG EINER PHASE EINES 4−TAKT−OTTOMOTORS - Google Patents
VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR ERKENNUNG EINER PHASE EINES 4−TAKT−OTTOMOTORSInfo
- Publication number
- EP1476648A1 EP1476648A1 EP02796519A EP02796519A EP1476648A1 EP 1476648 A1 EP1476648 A1 EP 1476648A1 EP 02796519 A EP02796519 A EP 02796519A EP 02796519 A EP02796519 A EP 02796519A EP 1476648 A1 EP1476648 A1 EP 1476648A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ignition
- voltage
- primary
- top dead
- measurement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
- F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for recognizing a phase of a 4-stroke motor.
- phase position For engines whose injection valves are electronically controlled by an ECU (electronic control unit), it is necessary to determine the phase position when the internal combustion engine starts. Since a combustion cycle extends over two 360 ° revolutions of the crankshaft, the phase position determines whether the piston is in the compression stroke or in the exhaust stroke during the upward movement.
- ECU electronic control unit
- an additional sensor wheel can be provided on the camshaft or a run-out detection can be carried out.
- Such systems require complex additional resources.
- the phase can also be determined in a so-called double ignition method by fuel injection and ignition in the successive top dead centers. Every second ignition finds an ignitable fuel mixture. Depending on the phase position, the injection takes place as pre-storage in front of the closed intake valve or with the intake valve open in the intake stroke. In engines with intake manifold injection, however, an unburned mixture is never pushed into the catalytic converter. After the engine has started, other TDC detection methods can be used to switch to single ignition in the ZDC.
- DE 198 17 447 describes a method and a device in which the crankshaft is rotated by a starter in a starting phase and a voltage is applied to the spark plug at every crankshaft rotation in the region of the respective top dead center without an injection.
- the Paschen law is used for the detection of the phase, according to which the ignition voltage is higher the greater the pressure between the electrodes. If the engine is turned by the starter, the gas in the combustion chamber is only compressed in the compression cycles, with the highest pressure being reached in the ignition top dead center (Z-OT) offset by 720 ° KW. At the charge exchange top dead centers offset by 360 ° (LW-OT), however, there is a significantly lower gas pressure between the exhaust stroke and the intake stroke.
- an ignition voltage is set which is sufficient for ignition only at the low pressure of the LW-OT, but not at the high pressure of the Z-OT.
- the ignition coil is only supplied with an appropriate ignition energy. The distinction as to whether or not ignition has taken place at the respective top dead center is made by analyzing the ion current. If there is no ignition, only a short semi-oscillation is measured in the primary circuit and secondary circuit due to the component capacities and the inductance of the respective ignition coil winding, which is interrupted by the freewheeling diode. In the case of an ignition, however, an essentially triangular secondary current is measured as a spark current.
- the method and the device of DE 198 17 447 AI can also be applied to a BDE engine, since the ignitions in the LW-OT occur without injection.
- the ignition coil must first be precisely controlled in order to provide exactly the desired ignition energy.
- the required threshold value of the ignition energy to distinguish the top dead centers can be different, in particular with different engines, so that an exact setting is difficult.
- the evaluation of the measured ion current for a precise distinction between Z-OT and LW-OT is relatively complex.
- the method according to the invention with the features of claim 1 and the device according to the invention with the features of claim 12 offer the Advantage that they can be implemented with relatively little effort, enable accurate phase detection and can also be used in particular with a gasoline direct injection engine.
- the engine can be started by in-phase injection and ignition when the crankshaft is already rotating.
- the engine with ignition fertilized and rotated without injection.
- a sufficiently high ignition energy is supplied, which leads to ignition with every crankshaft revolution without having to set an exact threshold value.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that it is possible to distinguish the Z-OT from the LW-OT even when an ignition is carried out in both top dead centers, since the ignition behavior is different in the two positions.
- the ignition voltage is high due to the high pressure and the burning time is short; in contrast, the ignition voltage in the LW-OT is small and the burning time is long.
- a distinction can be made between the two positions when ignitions have been made by comparing the burning times, the ignition current or the ignition voltage applied to the spark plug.
- the secondary current can be measured, e.g. B. as a voltage drop across a measuring resistor connected to the secondary winding of the ignition coil and the spark plug in series with respect to ground.
- the measuring device is simple formed by the measuring resistor in the secondary circuit. The voltage drop across the measuring resistor is recorded as a measuring signal by an evaluation device.
- a measurement in the primary circuit can take place in particular via the primary voltage taken from the primary winding terminals of the ignition coil.
- a suitable measuring circuit with an operational amplifier or comparator can serve as the measuring device.
- B. can be supplied via a voltage divider circuit to an input of the operational amplifier for comparison with a reference voltage at the other input of the operational amplifier.
- the operational amplifier in turn emits a measurement signal to an evaluation device.
- the evaluation device can advantageously record the trigger signal of the ignition transistor in addition to the respective measurement signal in order to be able to determine the ignition timing for evaluating the measurement signal.
- the evaluation device outputs a burning time signal to a comparison device, which compares the burning time signals with one another or with pre-stored values and assigns a shorter burning time to the ignition in the Z-OT.
- phase detection according to the invention can be carried out simultaneously on one or more pistons. After phase detection has taken place, the rotation of the crankshaft can already be used for the starting process by injecting and igniting the correct phase in the next Z-OT. According to the invention are thus - unlike z. B. phase detection via runout detection or an additional sensor wheel on the camshaft - no additional sensors, but only a relatively small amount of circuitry required. This makes it possible to start the motor even with a defective phase encoder.
- the invention can advantageously be used in particular in gasoline direct injection engines, since injection is completely avoided during phase detection and therefore no fuel can reach the catalytic converter. It can also be used for engines with intake manifold injection; Such a use is particularly advantageous in intake manifold injection engines in which the conventionally used dual ignition method with ignition and injection is problematic at every top dead center.
- the measuring device and evaluation device used according to the invention can be designed to be integrated. In particular when measuring the primary voltage induced on the primary winding, there is no further influence on the primary and secondary circuits, so that an inexpensive solution with reliable phase detection is possible without further influencing the ignition process.
- Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of an ignition system with two alternative devices for phase detection according to the invention.
- 2a, b diagrams with the time course of the voltages U R ⁇ , U2 of Fig. 1 at the top dead center.
- a primary winding of an ignition coil 2 and an ignition transistor 3 is provided in a primary circuit 4 between a battery connection of the on-board voltage ÜB and ground.
- the ignition transistor 3 is driven by a control signal a and, in its low-resistance state - at a high voltage level of the control signal a - allows a primary current in the primary circuit 4, through which a magnetic field is built up in the ignition coil 2.
- the collapsing magnetic field of the ignition coil 2 induces a voltage surge in the secondary winding thereof, which leads to a spark discharge at a spark plug 8.
- a voltage U2 drops across the measuring resistor RM connected in series in accordance with the respective secondary current in relation to the connection of the ignition coil 8 which is connected to ground.
- the ignition system shown with ignition coil 2, on-board voltage ÜB and control signal a is selected so that the ignition energy stored in the ignition coil 2 before switching off the primary current for ignition of a gas both at the charge-change top dead center (LW-OT) and in ignition upper dead center
- the voltage U1 present at the collector of the ignition transistor 3 or the corresponding connection of the primary winding of the ignition coil 2 is taken from a voltage divider circuit with resistors R1, R2.
- the Zener diode ZD shown can be connected in parallel with R1 to limit the voltage.
- the resistors R1, R2 are chosen so high that they do not significantly influence the primary current and, especially in the high-resistance state of the ignition transistor 3, no significant primary current that is relevant for the magnetic field of the ignition coil 2 flows through them.
- a limited voltage value is present at the ignition point.
- the other input of the operational amplifier 12 is connected to the on-board voltage UB via a second voltage divider circuit 13 or another suitable device for setting a reference voltage URef.
- a reference voltage URef that is dependent on the on-board voltage U B is generated, so that an advantageous automatic adaptation to changes in U B (eg when the starter is actuated) takes place.
- the operational amplifier 12 delivers a high or low output signal.
- URef and Rl, R2 are selected so that a primary voltage induced by the secondary current during ignition can be detected and distinguished from a state free of ignition current.
- the output signal of the operational amplifier 12 is fed to a first evaluation device 16, which continues to receive the control signal a and outputs a burning time signal t-BR1.
- the burning duration signals output by the first evaluation device 16 and second evaluation device 18 can then be compared with corresponding signals of the measurement made at the subsequent top dead center in a comparison device (not shown).
- the first measuring device in the primary circuit or the second measuring device in the secondary circuit can alternatively be used; in principle, however, it is also possible to use both measuring and evaluation devices.
- the voltage U RI measured in each case is proportional to the voltage Ul induced from the magnetic field of the ignition coil 2 which is being reduced.
- the magnetic field of the ignition coil 2 degrades faster with a larger secondary current in the secondary circuit 6, so that a larger voltage U 1 is induced in the primary circuit with a shorter time span.
- the charge change TDC of the curve LW the magnetic field of the ignition coil 2 degrades more slowly with the formation of a lower secondary current, so that the voltage Ul induced in the primary circuit and consequently also U RI is lower and over the longer burning time t-Br-LW -OT stretches.
- a reference voltage URefl lies between the value of U I during the longer burning time t-Br-LW-OT and a rest value U N after the burning times t-Br-Z-OT and t-Br-LW-OT.
- the burning time can thus be determined by comparing U RI with the reference voltage URefl in the operational amplifier 12, the output signal of the operational amplifier 12 or comparator changing the value after the respective burning time.
- This output signal of the operational amplifier 12 is output to the evaluation device 16, which continues the control signal a picks up the ignition timing and outputs a burning duration signal t-BRl.
- a voltage U2 proportional to the induced secondary current is recorded directly by the second evaluation device 18 according to curve 2b.
- the measurement curves Z of the ignition TDC and LW of the charge exchange TDC shown in FIG. 2b are not necessarily strictly linear.
- the secondary current induced in the secondary winding of the ignition coil 2 drops relatively quickly from zero to a high initial value within the burning time t-BR-Z-OT.
- the secondary current induced during the gas exchange TDC falls from a smaller value to zero over the longer burning time t-BR-LW-OT.
- These curves can, for. B. be distinguished by the voltages shown U2 with the dashed reference voltage URef2 in z.
- an operational amplifier or comparator of the evaluation device 18 is compared. URef2 should be set sufficiently low to obtain a clear difference in the measurement curves.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10201164A DE10201164A1 (de) | 2002-01-15 | 2002-01-15 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung einer Phase eines Viertakt-Ottomotors |
| DE10201164 | 2002-01-15 | ||
| PCT/DE2002/004729 WO2003060307A1 (de) | 2002-01-15 | 2002-12-23 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erkennung einer phase eines 4-takt-ottomotors |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1476648A1 true EP1476648A1 (de) | 2004-11-17 |
| EP1476648B1 EP1476648B1 (de) | 2007-12-26 |
Family
ID=7712110
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02796519A Expired - Lifetime EP1476648B1 (de) | 2002-01-15 | 2002-12-23 | VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR ERKENNUNG EINER PHASE EINES 4−TAKT−OTTOMOTORS |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6971372B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1476648B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2005515346A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10201164A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003060307A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12116967B2 (en) | 2022-09-22 | 2024-10-15 | Woodward, Inc. | Measuring a spark of a spark plug |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006222282A (ja) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-24 | Denso Corp | 点火コイル |
| US20070163243A1 (en) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-07-19 | Arvin Technologies, Inc. | Exhaust system with cam-operated valve assembly and associated method |
| US8300425B2 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2012-10-30 | Occam Portfolio Llc | Electronic assemblies without solder having overlapping components |
| CN101793201B (zh) * | 2010-01-22 | 2012-09-05 | 清华大学 | 汽油发动机的转速检测电路 |
| GB2487555B (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2014-08-27 | Rayleigh Instr Ltd | Current transformer |
| JP6090481B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-17 | 2017-03-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の点火装置および点火方法 |
| JP6302822B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-13 | 2018-03-28 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
| US10844212B2 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2020-11-24 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Aqueous emulsion composition |
| CN110446849B (zh) | 2017-03-30 | 2021-06-29 | 马勒电驱动日本株式会社 | 发动机用点火装置 |
| DE112019001352T5 (de) * | 2018-03-15 | 2020-11-26 | Walbro Llc | Bestimmung und steuerung der motorphase |
| JP7208404B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-21 | 2023-01-18 | チャンピオン・エアロスペース・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニー | 火花点火器の寿命検出 |
| JP6698906B1 (ja) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-05-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 内燃機関の放電状態検出装置 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5465223A (en) | 1977-11-02 | 1979-05-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Multi-ignition system |
| US5370099A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1994-12-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ignition system for internal combustion engines |
| US5174267A (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1992-12-29 | Ford Motor Company | Cylinder identification by spark discharge analysis for internal combustion engines |
| DE4418578B4 (de) * | 1994-05-27 | 2004-05-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Einrichtung zur Erkennung der Phasenlage bei einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| SE508753C2 (sv) * | 1995-10-24 | 1998-11-02 | Saab Automobile | Förfarande och anordning för att identifiera vilken förbränningskammare hos en förbränningsmotor som befinner sig i kompressionstakt samt förfarande för att starta en förbränningsmotor |
| DE19817447A1 (de) * | 1998-04-20 | 1999-10-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Phasenerkennung an einem 4-Takt Ottomotor mit Ionenstrommessung |
| DE69809220T2 (de) | 1998-08-12 | 2003-07-10 | Federal-Mogul Ignition S.R.L., Mailand/Milano | Vorrichtung zur Überwachung der Betriebsumstände eines fremdgezündeten Verbrennungsmotors |
| DE10015595A1 (de) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-04 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verfahren zur Erkennung des Verbrennungstaktes bei einem Einzylinder-Viertaktmotor |
| US6453733B1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-09-24 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method of identifying combustion engine firing sequence without firing spark plugs or combusting fuel |
-
2002
- 2002-01-15 DE DE10201164A patent/DE10201164A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-12-23 WO PCT/DE2002/004729 patent/WO2003060307A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-12-23 EP EP02796519A patent/EP1476648B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-23 US US10/501,281 patent/US6971372B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-23 DE DE50211436T patent/DE50211436D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-23 JP JP2003560371A patent/JP2005515346A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03060307A1 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12116967B2 (en) | 2022-09-22 | 2024-10-15 | Woodward, Inc. | Measuring a spark of a spark plug |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6971372B2 (en) | 2005-12-06 |
| WO2003060307A1 (de) | 2003-07-24 |
| US20050126544A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| DE10201164A1 (de) | 2003-08-14 |
| JP2005515346A (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
| EP1476648B1 (de) | 2007-12-26 |
| DE50211436D1 (de) | 2008-02-07 |
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