EP1474591B1 - Compressed air motor - Google Patents

Compressed air motor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1474591B1
EP1474591B1 EP03702831A EP03702831A EP1474591B1 EP 1474591 B1 EP1474591 B1 EP 1474591B1 EP 03702831 A EP03702831 A EP 03702831A EP 03702831 A EP03702831 A EP 03702831A EP 1474591 B1 EP1474591 B1 EP 1474591B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressed
air motor
rotor
vanes
motor according
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP03702831A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1474591A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Müller
Kurt Müller
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ROTOMED AG
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KMB Feinmechanik AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/348—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the vanes positively engaging, with circumferential play, an outer rotatable member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F01C1/348—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the vanes positively engaging, with circumferential play, an outer rotatable member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2250/00—Geometry
    • F04C2250/10—Geometry of the inlet or outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2223/00—Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/04—Composite, e.g. fibre-reinforced

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oil-free operated air motor with a guide bore having housing and a rotor rotatably mounted therein, wherein the rotor is provided with outwardly extending slots in which plate-shaped fins are mounted radially displaceable by the centrifugal force and in the region of the fins between the outside the rotor and the guide bore of the housing is arranged a substantially cylindrical, freely rotatable flight sleeve surrounding the outside of the slats and the flight sleeve has on its jacket a plurality of passages for the compressed air and wherein the flight sleeve and / or the slats are made of plastic.
  • the prior art knows various types of vane motors (Vane engines), which are to be operated with compressed air.
  • the European patent EP-B1-394651 describes a structure with a rotor and centrifugal sliding slats, wherein the rotor is disposed in a flight sleeve, which is housed within a bore of a housing.
  • This flight sleeve has the task of preventing the slats on the inner wall of the housing shy. During operation, the rotor and the flight sleeve thus rotate.
  • the bore of the housing is not cylindrical in this known structure, but on one side by a pocket non-cylindrically deformed. This is because it was obviously believed that a compressed air supply is required in the space between the flight sleeve and the outer cylinder wall. As a further reason, the one-sided extra-cylindrical deformation has presumably become necessary because, due to the pressure load of the axially flowing compressed air into the space between the rotor and the flight sleeve, a tendency to side shift of the flight sleeve resulted could be compensated by the additional radial clearance in the recess.
  • the pneumatic motors with flight sleeve specified in the prior art are designed to reduce the friction which occurs between the disks and the outer housing in other pneumatic motors, thereby enabling oil-free operation.
  • the US4120623 discloses a pneumatic motor according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an oil-free operable air motor with improved efficiency, the production should not be particularly difficult.
  • the air connections for air inlet and Heilaustass need not be specially formed in the inventive system, they are preferably deburred, or sandblasted to improve the flow efficiency yet.
  • the rotor may be provided with non-radial blades, but preferably the blades are arranged in radial slots and not force controlled.
  • a material for the lamellae and / or for the flight sleeve plastic especially phenolic resin-cotton fabric is used.
  • the passage openings in the flight sleeve are arranged distributed irregularly on the circumference and / or over the length of the flight sleeve. They can be distributed differently according to the needs and depending on the length of the flight sleeve depending, or designed differently.
  • the passage openings are preferably statistically or randomly distributed with regard to the noise-optimized behavior of the flight sleeve, that is to say that there are as far as possible no regular distances between the holes in the circumferential direction of the flight sleeve. This prevents that at the high speeds in the air medium dominant tones can be generated.
  • the passage openings n can also be arranged distributed so that the passage openings deliberately generate complementary tones, so that a "white noise" (i.e., a noise inaudible to the observer) arises
  • the passage openings are advantageously formed as substantially radially extending bores. Holes are very simple and economical to produce.
  • passage openings are formed as slots. By varying the length and width of the slots, the desired passage cross-section can be optimally determined.
  • the slots advantageously extend substantially in the longitudinal direction of the flight sleeve.
  • the slots are substantially helical. Due to the helical shape, the noise level can be reduced and a smoother running of the rotor can be achieved.
  • a noise-enhancing effect of the type described above can also be achieved in that the lamellae are not arranged distributed symmetrically exactly on the circumference of the rotor.
  • the flight sleeve and / or the lamellae are preferably made of phenolic resin-cotton fabric. On the one hand, this results in a low weight and, associated therewith, a small flywheel, so that such air motors are very dynamic, i. can be operated with a strong speed change.
  • the longitudinal slots for the slats are arranged approximately parallel offset from the radial planes. This results in a larger surface acted upon by the compressed air than in radially arranged fins.
  • fins Preferably, four fins are provided, but the invention is not limited thereto and more or fewer fins may be provided depending on the diameter and the choice of material.
  • the out Fig.1 and 2 apparent air motor consists essentially of a multi-part, generally designated 1 housing.
  • a rotor 2 is rotatably mounted by means of bearings 3.4
  • the central region of the housing 1 has a substantially cylindrical guide bore 5.
  • a tool holder 6 At the front end of the rotor 2 is a tool holder 6.
  • the rotor 2 has four substantially radially extending longitudinal slots 7. In the longitudinal slots 7 slats 8 are guided radially displaceable.
  • a flight sleeve 9 surrounds the outer end side of the fins 8 and is in the guide bore 5 of the housing 1 freely rotatably mounted.
  • the flight sleeve 9 rotates with the rotor 2 in the housing 1, wherein the rotational drive between the rotor 2 and the flight sleeve 9 takes place only by friction between the blades 8 and the flight sleeve 9.
  • the flight sleeve 9 prevents the contact of the fins 8 with the guide bore 5 and thus also associated Abnönungserscheinept the fins 8 and the guide bore 5.
  • the supply of compressed air via a feed channel 12, which opens at the rear end side of the rotor 2 in the guide bore 5 ,
  • the air outlet 13 is located on the supply channel 12 approximately radially opposite side.
  • the flight sleeve 9 is provided with average openings 10,11. These average openings 10,11 are used to pass the compressed air from the formed between the fins 8, the outside of the rotor 2 and the inside of the flight sleeve 9 chambers 14. By the passage of a portion of the compressed air is also on the outside of the flight sleeve 9 an air cushion built , This prevents that the flying sleeve 9 is pressed by the internal pressure on one side against the bore of the housing 1 and thereby it comes to a large wear between the flight sleeve 9 and the housing 1.
  • the average openings 10, 11 may be formed, for example, as bores or as slots.
  • the passage openings 10,11 are preferably axially and / or radially arranged offset from each other. However, this displacement of the passage openings can be positively influenced by the high speeds (up to approximately 80,000 rpm) that are produced by such devices.
  • the lamellae 8 and / or the flight sleeve 9 are made of a plastic, in particular phenolic resin-cotton fabric. On the one hand, this results in a low weight and, associated therewith, a small flywheel mass, so that such compressed air motors can be operated very dynamically, ie with a high speed change.
  • the out Fig. 3 apparent cross section through a further embodiment of an inventive compressed air motor shows a housing 21 and a rotor 22nd
  • the housing 21 has a guide bore 25.
  • the rotor 22 is provided with longitudinal slots 27, which, however, in contrast to the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment do not extend radially, but are arranged in a plane offset parallel to the radial plane.
  • In the longitudinal slots 27 also slats 28 are slidably mounted.
  • a flight sleeve 29 surrounds the outside of the lamellae 28 and is mounted in the guide bore 25 of the housing 1.
  • the flight sleeve 29 is provided with at least one average opening 30. Through the average opening 30 compressed air can enter the annular gap between the housing 21 and the flight sleeve 29.
  • the average opening 30 can be arranged axially and / or radially at different locations of the flight sleeve 29. It is also possible to provide a plurality of openings on the circumference of the flight sleeve, wherein the average openings, for example, can be formed as holes or as slots.
  • Both the flight sleeve 29 and the fins 28 are preferably made of a plastic, for example. Phenoiharz-Baumwottfeinstgewebe.

Abstract

The invention relates to a compressed air motor comprising a housing and a rotor rotatably mounted therein, the rotor being provided with substantially radial slots and plate-like vanes being mounted in the slots so as to be radially displaceable by the centrifugal force, and variable, all-round air chambers being formed between the housing and the outside of the rotor. The vanes are surrounded on the outside by a rotatable sleeve which is provided with at least one passage for the compressed air.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen ölfrei betreibbaren Druckluftmotor mit einem eine Führungsbohrung aufweisenden Gehäuse und einem darin drehbar gelagerten Rotor, wobei der Rotor mit nach aussen verlaufenden Schlitzen versehen ist, in denen plattenförmige Lamellen durch die Fliehkraft radial verschiebbar gelagert sind und im Bereich der Lamellen zwischen der Aussenseite des Rotors und der Führungsbohrung des Gehäuses eine die Aussenseite der Lamellen umhüllende, im wesentlichen zylindrische, frei rotierbare Flughülse angeordnet ist und die Flughülse an ihrem Mantel mehrere Durchtrittsöffnungen für die Druckluft aufweist und wobei die Flughülse und/oder die Lamellen aus Kunststoff bestehen.The invention relates to an oil-free operated air motor with a guide bore having housing and a rotor rotatably mounted therein, wherein the rotor is provided with outwardly extending slots in which plate-shaped fins are mounted radially displaceable by the centrifugal force and in the region of the fins between the outside the rotor and the guide bore of the housing is arranged a substantially cylindrical, freely rotatable flight sleeve surrounding the outside of the slats and the flight sleeve has on its jacket a plurality of passages for the compressed air and wherein the flight sleeve and / or the slats are made of plastic.

Der Stand der Technik kennt verschiedene Arten von Lamellenmotoren (Vane - Motoren), die mit Druckluft zu betreiben sind. Das europäische Patent EP-B1-394651 beschreibt einen Aufbau mit einem Rotor und durch Fliehkraft verschiebbare Lamellen, wobei der Rotor in einer Flughülse angeordnet ist, die innerhalb einer Bohrung eines Gehäuses untergebracht ist.The prior art knows various types of vane motors (Vane engines), which are to be operated with compressed air. The European patent EP-B1-394651 describes a structure with a rotor and centrifugal sliding slats, wherein the rotor is disposed in a flight sleeve, which is housed within a bore of a housing.

Diese Flughülse hat die Aufgabe, zu verhindern, dass die Lamellen an der Innenwand des Gehäuses scheuem. Im Betrieb drehen sich somit der Rotor und die Flughülse.This flight sleeve has the task of preventing the slats on the inner wall of the housing shy. During operation, the rotor and the flight sleeve thus rotate.

Die Bohrung des Gehäuses ist bei diesem bekannten Aufbau nicht Zylinderförmig, sondern an einer Seite durch eine Tasche nicht-zylindrisch verformt. Dies deshalb, weil man offensichtlich der Ansicht war, dass eine Druckluftzuführung in den Raum zwischen der Flughülse und der äusseren Zylinderwand erforderlich ist. Als weiterer Grund ist die einseitige ausserzylindrische Verformung vermutlich erforderlich geworden, weil sich durch die Druckbelastung der axial einströmenden Druckluft in den Raum zwischen dem Rotor und der Flughülse auch eine tendenzielle Seitenverschiebung der Flughülse ergab, die durch das zusätzliche radiale Spiel in der Ausnehmung ausgeglichen werden konnte.The bore of the housing is not cylindrical in this known structure, but on one side by a pocket non-cylindrically deformed. This is because it was obviously believed that a compressed air supply is required in the space between the flight sleeve and the outer cylinder wall. As a further reason, the one-sided extra-cylindrical deformation has presumably become necessary because, due to the pressure load of the axially flowing compressed air into the space between the rotor and the flight sleeve, a tendency to side shift of the flight sleeve resulted could be compensated by the additional radial clearance in the recess.

Durch die nicht-zentrische Ausbildung der Bohrung Im Gehäuse ergibt sich nicht nur ein erhöhter Herstellungsaufwand, sondern während des Betriebes auch ein Luftverlust, der sich in einem geringen Wirkungsgrad äussert.Due to the non-centric design of the bore in the housing results not only an increased production cost, but during operation also an air loss, which manifests itself in a low efficiency.

Die Firma Boeing hat im US-Patent US-A-4197061 einen Druckluftmotor offenbart, der ohne exzentrische Ausnehmungen in der Gehäusebohrung auskommt, dafür jedoch eigene Luftführungskanäle an der Innenwand des Gehäuses vorsieht, die mittels Druckluft versorgt werden und so den Raum zwischen Flughülse und Gehäuse mit Druckluft füllen. Die Herstellung dieser zusätzlichen Kanäle ist jedoch sehr aufwendig und unterbricht die zylindrische Ausbildung der Gehäusebohrung, was ebenfalls zu Leistungsverlusten führen kann.The company Boeing has in the US patent US-A-4197061 discloses a pneumatic motor, which does not require eccentric recesses in the housing bore, but its own air ducts on the inner wall of the housing provides, which are supplied by compressed air and so fill the space between the flight sleeve and housing with compressed air. The preparation of these additional channels is very expensive and interrupts the cylindrical design of the housing bore, which can also lead to power losses.

In einem weiteren Dokument aus dem Stand der Technik, dem US-Patent USA-4648819 ist eine Pumpe beschrieben, die ebenso eine Flughülse aufweist. Diese Flughülse ist an ihrer Aussenseite mit verschiedenartigen Nuten versehen, die dem Transport des zu pumpenden Mediums dienen sollen. Das Herstellen der-teilweise über den Umfang der Hülsen erstreckten - Nuten an Flughülsen, die selber nur aus einem relativ dünnwandigen Material aufgebaut sind, ist eine relativ aufwendige Massnahme. Dieser bekannte Aufbau gibt keinerlei Anleitung zur Herstellung eines Druckluftmotors.In another prior art document, the US patent US-4648819 a pump is described which also has a flight sleeve. This flight sleeve is provided on its outer side with various grooves, which are to serve the transport of the medium to be pumped. The production of the-partially over the circumference of the sleeves extended - grooves on Flugülsen, which are themselves constructed only of a relatively thin-walled material, is a relatively expensive measure. This known structure gives no instructions for the production of a compressed air motor.

Aus der US 4616985 Ist ein Druckluftkompressor, der in einem Rotor radial verschiebbare Lamellen und eine diese umgebende Hülse mit Öffnungen aufweist. Diese Hülse besteht aus einer Leichtmetalllegierung. Der Druckluftkompressor ist relativ langsam laufend und Verschleissprobleme sind daher eher gering.From the US 4616985 Is a compressed air compressor having radially slidable blades in a rotor and a surrounding sleeve with openings. This sleeve is made of a light metal alloy. The air compressor is relatively slow running and wear problems are therefore rather low.

Die im Stand der Technik angegebenen Druckluftmotoren mit Flughülse sollen -wie schon erwähnt - Insbesondere die Reibung vermindern, die zwischen den Lamellen und dem Aussengehäuse bei anderen Druckluftmotoren auftritt und dadurch einen ölfreien Betrieb ermöglichen.As already mentioned, the pneumatic motors with flight sleeve specified in the prior art are designed to reduce the friction which occurs between the disks and the outer housing in other pneumatic motors, thereby enabling oil-free operation.

Insbesondere bei Geräten, die im Bereich der Chirurgie eingesetzt werden sollen, ist es wichtig, dass Druckluftmotoren ohne Ölschmierung angeboten werden können, da keinerlei Schmieröl in den menschlichen Körper gelangen darf. In der Chirurgie eingesetzte Druckluftmotoren können aufgrund ihrer hohen Drehzahlen (bis ca. 80'000 U/min) nur schlecht so abgedichtet werden, dass es zu keinen Leckluftverlustert und damit verbundenem Ölaustrag aus dem Druckluftmotor kommt.In particular, for devices that are to be used in the field of surgery, it is important that air motors without oil lubrication can be offered because no lubricating oil may enter the human body. Due to their high speeds (up to approx. 80,000 rpm), compressed air motors used in surgery can only be sealed poorly so that there is no loss of air leakage and thus associated oil discharge from the compressed air motor.

Die US4120623 offenbart einem Druckluftmotor nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The US4120623 discloses a pneumatic motor according to the preamble of claim 1.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen ölfrei-betreibbaren Druckluftmotor mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad zu schaffen, dessen Herstellung nicht besonders erschwert sein soll.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an oil-free operable air motor with improved efficiency, the production should not be particularly difficult.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die Anwendung der Merkmale des Anspruches 1.This object is achieved by the application of the features of claim 1.

Durch den Einsatz einer gelochten, bzw. mit durch die Wandung hindurchgehenden Durchtrittsöffnungen versehenen Flughülse kommt es zu einer überraschend guten Lagerung der Flughülse, sowohl in statischer Hinsicht, als auch hinsichtlich einer geringen Reibung gegenüber den Lamellen des Rotors als auch gegenüber der Innenwand des Aussengehäuses.By using a perforated, or provided with through openings through the wall through the flight sleeve, there is a surprisingly good storage of the flight sleeve, both in static terms, as well as a low friction against the fins of the rotor and against the inner wall of the outer housing.

Die Luftanschlüsse für Lufteintrag und Luftaustass müssen bei dem erfindungsgemässen System nicht besonders ausgebildet werden, wobei sie bevorzugt entgratet, bzw. sandgestrahlt sind, um die Strömungseffizienz noch zu verbessern.The air connections for air inlet and Luftaustass need not be specially formed in the inventive system, they are preferably deburred, or sandblasted to improve the flow efficiency yet.

Der Rotor kann mit ausser-radialen Lamellen versehen sein, bevorzugt sind die Lamellen jedoch in radialen Schlitzen angeordnet und nicht zwangsgesteuert. Als Material für die Lamellen und/oder für die Flughülse wird Kunststoff, insbesondere Phenolharz-Baumwollteinstgewebe, verwendet.The rotor may be provided with non-radial blades, but preferably the blades are arranged in radial slots and not force controlled. As a material for the lamellae and / or for the flight sleeve plastic, especially phenolic resin-cotton fabric is used.

Die Durchtrittsöffnungen in der Flughülse sind am Umfang und/oder über die Baulänge der Flughülse unregelmässig verteilt angeordnet. Sie können den Bedürfnissen entsprechend und von der Baulänge der Flughülse abhängig unterschiedlich verteilt, bzw. unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein.The passage openings in the flight sleeve are arranged distributed irregularly on the circumference and / or over the length of the flight sleeve. They can be distributed differently according to the needs and depending on the length of the flight sleeve depending, or designed differently.

So sind die Durchtrittsöffnungen hinsichtlich des geräuschoptimierten Verhaltens der Flughülse bevorzugt statistisch bzw. zufällig verteilt, d.h.: dass in Umfangsrichtung der Flughülse möglichst keine regelmässigen Abstände zwischen den Bohrungen vorliegen. Dies verhindert, dass bei den hohen Drehzahlen im Luftmedium dominante Töne erzeugt werden können.Thus, the passage openings are preferably statistically or randomly distributed with regard to the noise-optimized behavior of the flight sleeve, that is to say that there are as far as possible no regular distances between the holes in the circumferential direction of the flight sleeve. This prevents that at the high speeds in the air medium dominant tones can be generated.

Nach einer besonderen Ausbildungsform können die Durchtrittsöffnungen n auch so verteilt angeordnet werden, dass die Durchtrittsöffnungen bewusst komplementäre Töne erzeugen, so dass ein "weisses Rauschen" (d.h. ein für den Beobachter unhörbares Rauschen) entstehtAccording to a particular embodiment, the passage openings n can also be arranged distributed so that the passage openings deliberately generate complementary tones, so that a "white noise" (i.e., a noise inaudible to the observer) arises

Die Durchtrittsöffnungen sind vorteilhaft als im wesentlichen radial verlaufende Bohrungen ausgebildet. Bohrungen sind sehr einfach und wirtschaftlich herstellbar.The passage openings are advantageously formed as substantially radially extending bores. Holes are very simple and economical to produce.

Eine weitere zweckmässige Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass die Durchtrittsöffnungen als Schlitze ausgebildet sind. Durch unterschiedliche Länge und Breite der Schlitze kann der gewünschte Durchtrittsquerschnitt optimal festgelegt werden.Another expedient embodiment is that the passage openings are formed as slots. By varying the length and width of the slots, the desired passage cross-section can be optimally determined.

Die Schlitze verlaufen vorteilhaft Im wesentlichen in Längsrichtung der Flughülse.The slots advantageously extend substantially in the longitudinal direction of the flight sleeve.

Bei einer weiteren zweckmässigen Ausführungsform verlaufen die Schlitze im wesentlichen wendelförmig. Durch die Wendelform kann der Geräuschpegel reduziert und eine höhere Laufruhe des Rotors erzielt werden.In a further expedient embodiment, the slots are substantially helical. Due to the helical shape, the noise level can be reduced and a smoother running of the rotor can be achieved.

Einen geräuschverbessemden Effekt nach der oben beschriebenen Art kann man auch dadurch erzielen, dass die Lamellen nicht genau symmetrisch am Umfang des Rotors verteilt angeordnet sind.A noise-enhancing effect of the type described above can also be achieved in that the lamellae are not arranged distributed symmetrically exactly on the circumference of the rotor.

Hinsichtlich der Ausbildung der Durchtrittsöffnungen (eventuell schlitzförmig) wird weiters auch ausdrücklich auf das erwähnte US-Patent US-A-4648819 einer Pumpe verwiesen, als die dort gezeigten Nuten und Nutformen erfindungsgemäss auch durchgängig ausgebildet werden könnten, um zum erfindungsgemässen Effekt zu kommen.With regard to the formation of the passage openings (possibly slit-shaped) is also further expressly to the mentioned US patent US-A-4648819 a pump referred to, as the grooves and groove shapes shown therein according to the invention could also be formed continuously in order to come to the inventive effect.

Die Flughülse und/oder die Lamellen bestehen vorzugsweise aus Phenolharz-Baumwollfeinstgewebe. Dies ergibt einerseits ein geringes Gewicht und damit verbunden eine geringe Schwungmasse, sodass solche Druckluftmotoren sehr dynamisch, d.h. mit starkem Drehzahlwechsel, betrieben werden können.The flight sleeve and / or the lamellae are preferably made of phenolic resin-cotton fabric. On the one hand, this results in a low weight and, associated therewith, a small flywheel, so that such air motors are very dynamic, i. can be operated with a strong speed change.

Weiterhin ist es zweckmässig, dass die Längsschlitze für die Lamellen etwa parallel versetzt zu den Radialebenen angeordnet sind. Dies ergibt eine grössere von der Druckluft beaufschlagte Fläche als bei radial angeordneten Lamellen.Furthermore, it is expedient that the longitudinal slots for the slats are arranged approximately parallel offset from the radial planes. This results in a larger surface acted upon by the compressed air than in radially arranged fins.

Bevorzugt sind vier Lamellen vorgesehen, jedoch ist die Erfindung darauf nicht eingeschränkt und es können in Abhängigkeit vom Durchmesser und von der Materialwahl auch mehr oder weniger Lamellen vorgesehen werden.Preferably, four fins are provided, but the invention is not limited thereto and more or fewer fins may be provided depending on the diameter and the choice of material.

Die Patentansprüche sind dementsprechend breit auszulegen.The claims are therefore to be interpreted broadly.

Figurenbeschreibungfigure description

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen beispielhaft näher erläutert. Das dargestellte Ausführunigsbeispiel entspricht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform.
Die Bezugszeichenliste und die Fig. 1 und Fig.2 bilden zusammen mit den in den Ansprüchen beschriebenen, beziehungsweise geschützten Gegenständen integrierende Bestandteile der Offenbarung dieser Anmeldung. Die Figuren werden zusammenhängend und übergreifend beschrieben. Gleiche Bezugszeichen bedeuten gleiche Bauteile, Bezugszeichen mit unterschiedlichen Indices geben funktionengleiche Bauteile an.The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawings. The illustrated Ausführunigsbeispiel corresponds to a preferred embodiment.
The list of reference numerals and the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 together with the objects described or protected in the claims, form integral parts of the disclosure of this application. The figures are described coherently and comprehensively. Identical reference symbols denote the same components, reference symbols with different indices indicate functionally identical components.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
Einen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemässen Druckluftmotor;
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Druckluftmotor, entlang der Ebene II-II.
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt entsprechend Fig. 2 durch eine weitere Ausführung eines erfindungsgemässen Druckluftmotors.
Show it:
Fig. 1
A longitudinal section through an inventive compressed air motor;
Fig. 2
a cross section through the in Fig. 1 shown compressed air motor, along the plane II-II.
Fig. 3
a cross section accordingly Fig. 2 by a further embodiment of an inventive compressed air motor.

Der aus Fig.1 und 2 ersichtliche Druckluftmotor besteht im wesentlichen aus einem mehrteiligen, insgesamt mit 1 bezeichneten Gehäuse. Im Gehäuse 1 ist ein Rotor 2 mittels Lagern 3,4 drehbar gelagert Der mittlere Bereich des Gehäuses 1 weist eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Führungsbohrung 5 auf. Am vorderen Ende des Rotors 2 befindet sich eine Werkzeugaufnahme 6. Der Rotor 2 weist vier im wesentlichen radial verlaufende Längsschlitze 7 auf. In den Längsschlitzen 7 sind Lamellen 8 radial verschiebbar geführt. Eine Flughülse 9 umgibt die äussere Stirnseite der Lamellen 8 und ist in der Führungsbohrung 5 des Gehäuses 1 frei drehbar gelagert. Die Flughülse 9 rotiert mit dem Rotor 2 im Gehäuse 1, wobei die Drehmitnahme zwischen dem Rotor 2 und der Flughülse 9 nur über Reibung zwischen den Lamellen 8 und der Flughülse 9 erfolgt. Die Flughülse 9 verhindert das Berühren der Lamellen 8 mit der Führungsbohrung 5 und somit auch damit verbundene Abnützungserscheinungen der Lamellen 8 und der Führungsbohrung 5. Das Zuführen der Druckluft erfolgt über einen Zuführkanal 12, der an der rückwärtigen Stirnseite des Rotors 2 in die Führungsbohrung 5 mündet. Der Luftaustritt 13 befindet sich auf der dem Zuführkanal 12 etwa radial gegenüberliegenden Seite.The out Fig.1 and 2 apparent air motor consists essentially of a multi-part, generally designated 1 housing. In the housing 1, a rotor 2 is rotatably mounted by means of bearings 3.4 The central region of the housing 1 has a substantially cylindrical guide bore 5. At the front end of the rotor 2 is a tool holder 6. The rotor 2 has four substantially radially extending longitudinal slots 7. In the longitudinal slots 7 slats 8 are guided radially displaceable. A flight sleeve 9 surrounds the outer end side of the fins 8 and is in the guide bore 5 of the housing 1 freely rotatably mounted. The flight sleeve 9 rotates with the rotor 2 in the housing 1, wherein the rotational drive between the rotor 2 and the flight sleeve 9 takes place only by friction between the blades 8 and the flight sleeve 9. The flight sleeve 9 prevents the contact of the fins 8 with the guide bore 5 and thus also associated Abnützungserscheinungen the fins 8 and the guide bore 5. The supply of compressed air via a feed channel 12, which opens at the rear end side of the rotor 2 in the guide bore 5 , The air outlet 13 is located on the supply channel 12 approximately radially opposite side.

Die Flughülse 9 ist mit Durchschnittsöffnungen 10,11 versehen. Diese Durchschnittsöffnungen 10,11 dienen dem Durchtritt der Druckluft aus den zwischen den Lamellen 8, der Aussenseite des Rotors 2 und der Innenseite der Flughülse 9 gebildeten Kammern 14. Durch den Durchtritt eines Teils der Druckluft wird auf der Aussenseite der Flughülse 9 ebenfalls ein Luftpolster aufgebaut. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass die Flughülse 9 durch den Innendruck einseitig gegen die Bohrung des Gehäuses 1 gepresst wird und es dadurch zu grossem Verschleiss zwischen der Flughülse 9 und dem Gehäuse 1 kommt. Die Durchschnittsöffnungen 10,11 können bspw. als Bohrungen oder auch als Schlitze ausgebildet werden. Die Durchtrittsöffnungen 10,11 sind vorzugsweise axial und/oder radial gegeneinander versetzt angeordnst. Doch dieses Versetzen der Durchrittsöffnungen können die bei solchen Geräten üblichen hohen Drehzahlen (bis ca. 80'000 U/min) entstehenden Schallwellen positiv beeinflusst werden.The flight sleeve 9 is provided with average openings 10,11. These average openings 10,11 are used to pass the compressed air from the formed between the fins 8, the outside of the rotor 2 and the inside of the flight sleeve 9 chambers 14. By the passage of a portion of the compressed air is also on the outside of the flight sleeve 9 an air cushion built , This prevents that the flying sleeve 9 is pressed by the internal pressure on one side against the bore of the housing 1 and thereby it comes to a large wear between the flight sleeve 9 and the housing 1. The average openings 10, 11 may be formed, for example, as bores or as slots. The passage openings 10,11 are preferably axially and / or radially arranged offset from each other. However, this displacement of the passage openings can be positively influenced by the high speeds (up to approximately 80,000 rpm) that are produced by such devices.

Die Lamellen 8 und/oder die Flughülse 9 werden aus einem Kunststoff, insbesondere Phenolharz-Baumwollfeistgewebe, hergestellt. Dies ergibt einerseits ein geringes Gewicht und damit verbunden eine kleine Schwungmasse, sodass solche Druckluftmotoren sehr dynamisch, d.h. mit starkem Drehzahlwechsel, betrieben werden können.The lamellae 8 and / or the flight sleeve 9 are made of a plastic, in particular phenolic resin-cotton fabric. On the one hand, this results in a low weight and, associated therewith, a small flywheel mass, so that such compressed air motors can be operated very dynamically, ie with a high speed change.

Der aus Fig. 3 ersichtliche Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführung eines erfindungsgemässen Druckluftmotors zeigt ein Gehäuse 21 und einen Rotor 22.
Das Gehäuse 21 weist eine Führungsbohrung 25 auf. Der Rotor 22 ist mit Längsschlitzen 27 versehen, welche jedoch im Gegensatz zu der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführung nicht radial verlaufen, sondern in einer parallel zur Radialebene versetzten Ebene angeordnet sind. In den Längsschlitzen 27 sind ebenfalls Lamellen 28 verschiebbar gelagert. Eine Flughülse 29 umgibt die Aussenseite der Lamellen 28 und ist in der Führungsbohrung 25 des Gehäuses 1 gelagert. Die Flughülse 29 ist mit wenigstens einer Durchschnittsöffnung 30 versehen. Durch die Durchschnittsöffnung 30 kann Druckluft in den Ringspalt zwischen dem Gehäuse 21 und der Flughülse 29 gelangen. Somit wird eine Art Luftpolster aufgebaut, welche ein Abheben der Flughülse 29 von der Führungsbohrung 25 des Gehäuses 21 bewirkt und somit werden Verschleiss-Erscheinungen vermieden. Die Durchschnittsöffnung 30 kann axial und/oder radial an unterschiedlichen Stellen der Flughülse 29 angeordnet werden. Ebenfalls ist es möglich, mehrere Öffnungen am Umfang der Flughülse vorzusehen, wobei die Durchschnittsöffnungen bspw. als Bohrungen oder als Schlitze ausgebildet werden können. Sowohl die Flughülse 29 als auch die Lamellen 28 bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem Kunststoff, bspw. Phenoiharz-Baumwottfeinstgewebe.The out Fig. 3 apparent cross section through a further embodiment of an inventive compressed air motor shows a housing 21 and a rotor 22nd
The housing 21 has a guide bore 25. The rotor 22 is provided with longitudinal slots 27, which, however, in contrast to the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment do not extend radially, but are arranged in a plane offset parallel to the radial plane. In the longitudinal slots 27 also slats 28 are slidably mounted. A flight sleeve 29 surrounds the outside of the lamellae 28 and is mounted in the guide bore 25 of the housing 1. The flight sleeve 29 is provided with at least one average opening 30. Through the average opening 30 compressed air can enter the annular gap between the housing 21 and the flight sleeve 29. Thus, a kind of air cushion is established, which causes a lifting of the flight sleeve 29 of the guide bore 25 of the housing 21 and thus wear phenomena are avoided. The average opening 30 can be arranged axially and / or radially at different locations of the flight sleeve 29. It is also possible to provide a plurality of openings on the circumference of the flight sleeve, wherein the average openings, for example, can be formed as holes or as slots. Both the flight sleeve 29 and the fins 28 are preferably made of a plastic, for example. Phenoiharz-Baumwottfeinstgewebe.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Gehäusecasing
22
Rotorrotor
33
Lagercamp
44
Lagercamp
55
Bohrungdrilling
66
Werkzeugaufnahmetool holder
77
Längsschlitzlongitudinal slot
88th
Lamellelamella
99
Flughülseflight sleeve
1010
Öffnungopening
1111
Öffnungopening
1212
Zuführkanalfeed
1313
Luftaustrittair outlet
2121
Gehäusecasing
2222
Rotorrotor
2525
Bohrungdrilling
2727
Längsschlitzlongitudinal slot
2828
Lamellelamella
2929
Flughülseflight sleeve
3030
Öffnungopening

Claims (9)

  1. Compressed-air motor which can be operated without oil, comprising a housing (1, 21) which has a guide bore (5, 15) and a rotor (2, 22) rotatably mounted therein, with the rotor (2, 22) being provided with slots (7, 27) which run towards the outside and in which plate-like vanes (8, 28) are mounted such that they can be moved towards the outside by the centrifugal force, and a freely rotatable floating sleeve (9, 29) which encloses the outer side of the vanes (8, 28) being arranged in the region of the vanes (8, 28) between the outer side of the rotor (2, 22) and the guide bore (5, 15) of the housing (1, 21), and the floating sleeve (9, 29) having, in its casing, a plurality of passage openings (10, 11, 30) for the compressed air, and with the floating sleeve (9, 29) and/or the vanes (8, 28) comprising plastic, characterized in that the passage openings (10, 11, 30) are arranged distributed in an irregular manner over the circumference and/or over the overall length of the floating sleeve (9, 29).
  2. Compressed-air motor according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the passage openings are in the form of substantially radially running bores (10, 11).
  3. Compressed-air motor according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the passage openings are in the form of slots (30).
  4. Compressed-air motor according to Claim 3,
    characterized in that the slots (30) run substantially in the longitudinal direction of the floating sleeve (9, 29).
  5. Compressed-air motor according to Claim 3, characterized in that the slots (30) run in a substantially helical manner.
  6. Compressed-air motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passage openings (10, 11, 30) are arranged distributed in an irregular manner over the circumference of the rotor (2, 22).
  7. Compressed-air motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floating sleeve (9, 29) and/or the vanes (8, 28) preferably comprise a fine-weave phenolic resin/cotton fabric.
  8. Compressed-air motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal slots (7, 27) for the vanes (8, 28) are arranged approximately parallel in a manner offset to the radial planes.
  9. Compressed-air motor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two to six, preferably four, vanes (8, 28) are provided.
EP03702831A 2002-02-05 2003-02-04 Compressed air motor Expired - Lifetime EP1474591B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH196022002 2002-02-05
CH1962002 2002-02-05
PCT/IB2003/000350 WO2003067032A1 (en) 2002-02-05 2003-02-04 Compressed air motor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1474591A1 EP1474591A1 (en) 2004-11-10
EP1474591B1 true EP1474591B1 (en) 2008-07-30

Family

ID=27671992

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03702831A Expired - Lifetime EP1474591B1 (en) 2002-02-05 2003-02-04 Compressed air motor

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7134856B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1474591B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005522611A (en)
KR (1) KR20040077882A (en)
CN (1) CN1330851C (en)
AT (1) ATE403066T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003205948A1 (en)
DE (1) DE50310241D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003067032A1 (en)

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DE10310863B3 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-10-28 Schmid & Wezel Gmbh & Co sharpener
GB0419848D0 (en) * 2004-09-07 2004-10-13 Carbonate Ltd Pumps
JP2009503316A (en) * 2005-07-22 2009-01-29 ロトメド アーゲー Micro compressed air motor
KR100799329B1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-01-30 임기원 Apparatus of suction voc using compressed air, and lubricator of recovering voc type including the same
CN102248993B (en) * 2011-05-16 2014-03-26 哈尔滨工程大学 Air-powered miniature sightseeing submarine propelling device
CN104813032B (en) * 2012-11-19 2016-11-23 麦格纳动力系巴德霍姆堡有限责任公司 Motor vehicles vacuum pump
CN103527252A (en) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-22 宋振才 Vane type energy conversion device
CN103527253A (en) * 2013-10-21 2014-01-22 宋振才 Energy conversion device

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1474591A1 (en) 2004-11-10
CN1330851C (en) 2007-08-08
KR20040077882A (en) 2004-09-07
JP2005522611A (en) 2005-07-28
CN1620545A (en) 2005-05-25
US20050129560A1 (en) 2005-06-16
AU2003205948A1 (en) 2003-09-02
US7134856B2 (en) 2006-11-14
DE50310241D1 (en) 2008-09-11
WO2003067032A1 (en) 2003-08-14
ATE403066T1 (en) 2008-08-15

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