EP1466995A1 - Procédé de traitement d'une soupape comportant une étape de nitruration et soupape obtenue par le procédé - Google Patents
Procédé de traitement d'une soupape comportant une étape de nitruration et soupape obtenue par le procédé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1466995A1 EP1466995A1 EP04300191A EP04300191A EP1466995A1 EP 1466995 A1 EP1466995 A1 EP 1466995A1 EP 04300191 A EP04300191 A EP 04300191A EP 04300191 A EP04300191 A EP 04300191A EP 1466995 A1 EP1466995 A1 EP 1466995A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- valve seat
- nitriding
- finishing step
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000035874 Excoriation Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
- F01L3/04—Coated valve members or valve-seats
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacture of an internal combustion engine valve.
- the present invention relates more particularly to a method of treating a combustion engine valve internal having a nitriding step so as to form on it a peripheral layer of nitrided material.
- the sintered steel valve seats can be made with high levels of cobalt and molybdenum.
- the porosities of the valve seat can be impregnated with a lubricating material immiscible with the steel in the liquid state such as only lead.
- the valve seat can be shielded by a method of deposited by torch or "Plasma Transfer Arc".
- Types commonly used Stellite are: Stellite 12 (Cobalt base), Stellite grade F (Cobalt base) and Iron Stellite base.
- Valve seats can be hardened by treatment thermal when the valve head is made of steel martensitic.
- the object of the invention is therefore to limit wear more effectively. adhesive and abrasive between the valve seat and the scope of associated valve.
- the invention proposes a method of the type described previously, characterized in that the nitriding step is followed by a finishing step to improve the surface finish the valve at its seat against the valve seat, keeping a nitride layer of sufficient thickness to resist the combustion temperatures of the engine.
- the invention also proposes a motor valve with combustion which is obtained by the process according to one of preceding features, characterized in that the thickness of the layer of material treated by nitriding, at the level of range, after the finishing step, is greater than or equal to five micrometers.
- the cylinder head 10 has an exhaust duct 12 which allows to communicate the combustion chamber of the engine with the exhaust manifold (not shown) of the engine.
- the exhaust duct 12 is likely to be closed by an exhaust valve 14 which is guided axially in a valve guide 16 arranged in the cylinder head 10 of the engine.
- the valve 14 is mounted to move along its axis of displacement, which is here vertical.
- the valve 14 comprises a valve stem 18 and a valve head 20 which closes the exhaust duct 12 when the valve 14 is in its closed position.
- the valve head 20 has a bearing 22 substantially frustoconical which is intended to come in axial support against a complementary valve seat 24 arranged in the cylinder head 10, when the valve 14 is in its closed position.
- the seat 24 is here reported in the conduit exhaust 12.
- the general shape of the valve 14 is obtained by means of conventional manufacturing steps using, for example, forging and machining.
- the method of manufacturing the valve 14 comprises then steps that allow to give the valve 14 its definitive form, before mounting it in the engine.
- the process comprises a step known as nitriding process, during which the valve is treated with nitrogen enrichment.
- the nitriding step aims at increasing the hardness of the valve 14 and to minimize the coefficient of friction of the valve seat 22 on the valve seat 24.
- the superficial nitrogen in the material constituting the valve 14 a layer nitrided device, which includes a so-called combination and a so-called diffusion layer.
- the nitrided layer has a certain thickness, especially at the level of the valve 22.
- the thickness of the nitride layer at the level of valve seat 22 is, in the new state of the valve 14, from less than 5 micrometers.
- the minimal surface hardness of the Valve range is then 700 HV.
- the step nitriding is followed by a so-called finishing step aimed at improve the surface condition of the valve seat 22, retaining a nitride layer of sufficient thickness to minimize the coefficient of friction of the span 22 on the seat 24.
- the finishing step here consists of clipping the surface of the valve seat 22, in particular by removing the oxide peaks.
- the finishing step is carried out by a technique of surface treatment called tribofinition.
- a tribofinishing technique uses friction energy and vibration for the surface finish by abrasion, which allows obtaining profiles of very fine roughness.
- This abrasion treatment technique is implemented using a tribofinishing machine (not shown) to place the valve 14 in an enclosure with a mineral filler, such as friction cones or balls, The enclosure then undergoes a series of agitation movements of in order to achieve a superficial abrasion of the surface of the range of the valve 22 by the mineral filler.
- a tribofinishing machine not shown
- the finishing step is implemented so as to find a surface state of the valve seat 22 close to the state of surface of the part before nitriding.
- the finishing step can be performed using a conventional polishing technique such as the one used to improve the surface the valve stem 18.
- valve seat 22 in its state final is obtained directly after the finishing step, without need to resort to machining as in the process according to the state of the art.
- valve seat 22 cools by its contact with the valve seat 24.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to increase the hardness surface of the valve seat 22 and to reduce its coefficient of friction against the valve seat 24.
- the manufacturing method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a valve seat 22 whose nitrided layer has a minimum thickness of 5 micrometers.
- the process is carried out according to the invention so as to obtain a nitrided layer, at the level of the valve seat 22, of about 20 micrometers, which allows to further improve the hardness of the valve seat 22, and further decrease its coefficient of friction against the seat of valve 24.
- the method according to the invention also makes it possible to reduce 50% wear compared to the valves made according to the state of the technique.
- the invention makes it possible to guarantee good sealing and control the wear of the valve seat / valve seat contact, throughout the life of the engine.
- valve 14 obtained by the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in an engine running on fuel alcoholic, or with a fuel type LPG (Petroleum Gas Liquefied), or with a gaseous fuel such as CNG (Natural Gas Vehicle), CNG (Compressed Natural Gas), or GNA (Adsorbed Natural Gas).
- a fuel type LPG Petroleum Gas Liquefied
- a gaseous fuel such as CNG (Natural Gas Vehicle), CNG (Compressed Natural Gas), or GNA (Adsorbed Natural Gas).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- l'étape de finition consiste à écrêter la surface de la portée de soupape, notamment en enlevant les pics d'oxyde ;
- l'étape de finition est réalisée par une technique dite de tribofinition, au cours de laquelle la soupape est placée dans une enceinte avec une charge minérale, l'enceinte subissant une série de mouvements d'agitation de manière à réaliser une abrasion superficielle de la surface de la portée de soupape par la charge minérale ;
- la portée de soupape dans son état final est obtenue directement après l'étape de finition, sans recourir à un usinage ;
- l'épaisseur totale de la couche de matériau traitée par nitruration est sensiblement égale à vingt micromètres.
- la soupape est utilisée dans un moteur prévu pour fonctionner avec un carburant gazeux.
Claims (7)
- Procédé de traitement d'une soupape (14) de moteur à combustion interne, comportant une étape de nitruration de manière à former sur celle-ci une couche périphérique de matériau nitrurée, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de nitruration est suivie d'une étape de finition visant à améliorer l'état de surface de la soupape (14) au niveau de sa portée (22) contre le siège de soupape (24), en conservant une couche nitrurée d'épaisseur suffisante pour résister aux températures de combustion du moteur.
- Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de finition consiste à écrêter la surface de la portée de soupape (22), notamment en enlevant les pics d'oxyde.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de finition est réalisée par une technique dite de tribofinition, au cours de laquelle la soupape (14) est placée dans une enceinte avec une charge minérale, l'enceinte subissant une série de mouvements d'agitation de manière à réaliser une abrasion superficielle de la surface de la portée de soupape (22) par la charge minérale.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la portée de soupape (22) dans son état final est obtenue directement après l'étape de finition, sans recourir à un usinage.
- Soupape (14) de moteur à combustion interne qui est obtenue par le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de matériau traitée par nitruration, au niveau de la portée (22), après l'étape de finition, est supérieure ou égale à cinq micromètres.
- Soupape (14) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur totale de la couche de matériau traitée par nitruration est sensiblement égale à vingt micromètres.
- Soupape (14) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est utilisée dans un moteur prévu pour fonctionner avec un carburant gazeux.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0304507A FR2853669B1 (fr) | 2003-04-11 | 2003-04-11 | Procede de traitement d'une soupape comportant une etape de nitruration et soupape obtenue par le procede |
FR0304507 | 2003-04-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1466995A1 true EP1466995A1 (fr) | 2004-10-13 |
EP1466995B1 EP1466995B1 (fr) | 2012-07-18 |
Family
ID=32865410
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04300191A Expired - Lifetime EP1466995B1 (fr) | 2003-04-11 | 2004-04-08 | Procédé de traitement d'une soupape comportant une étape de nitruration et soupape obtenue par le procédé |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1466995B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2853669B1 (fr) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0738786A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-21 | 1996-10-23 | Fuji Oozx Inc. | Méthode de traitement la surface d'une soupape à champignon |
EP0937866A2 (fr) * | 1998-02-20 | 1999-08-25 | Eaton Corporation | Arrangement pour soupape de moteur |
WO2002025068A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-03-28 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Element coulissant et son procede de fabrication |
-
2003
- 2003-04-11 FR FR0304507A patent/FR2853669B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-04-08 EP EP04300191A patent/EP1466995B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0738786A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-21 | 1996-10-23 | Fuji Oozx Inc. | Méthode de traitement la surface d'une soupape à champignon |
EP0937866A2 (fr) * | 1998-02-20 | 1999-08-25 | Eaton Corporation | Arrangement pour soupape de moteur |
WO2002025068A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-03-28 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Element coulissant et son procede de fabrication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2853669A1 (fr) | 2004-10-15 |
FR2853669B1 (fr) | 2006-12-08 |
EP1466995B1 (fr) | 2012-07-18 |
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