EP1464831A1 - Method for starting an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method for starting an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1464831A1
EP1464831A1 EP03100842A EP03100842A EP1464831A1 EP 1464831 A1 EP1464831 A1 EP 1464831A1 EP 03100842 A EP03100842 A EP 03100842A EP 03100842 A EP03100842 A EP 03100842A EP 1464831 A1 EP1464831 A1 EP 1464831A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
oxygen
oxygen donor
during
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EP03100842A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1464831B1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Kramer
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Priority to EP03100842A priority Critical patent/EP1464831B1/en
Priority to DE50309408T priority patent/DE50309408D1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02N99/002—Starting combustion engines by ignition means
    • F02N99/006—Providing a combustible mixture inside the cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/04—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only
    • F02B47/06—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only the substances including non-airborne oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/04—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only
    • F02B47/08—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being other than water or steam only the substances including exhaust gas
    • F02B47/10—Circulation of exhaust gas in closed or semi-closed circuits, e.g. with simultaneous addition of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
    • F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/001—Arrangements thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for starting an internal combustion engine, a For carrying out such a method, the internal combustion engine and a device which can be used in the context of the method.
  • a direct or assisted starting of the engine by an early combustion requires certain constraints to be successful to be able to. For example, it is necessary or advantageous that the Crankshaft at the beginning of cranking in or near a certain position stands. It must also be ensured that sufficient combustion Power for driving the internal combustion engine can be obtained. The latter in turn sets the provision of a sufficient amount of fresh air during the start phase ahead.
  • DE 199 47 784 A1 the Arrangement of an air storage space proposed in which air under a increased pressure is to be stored, so that these at a direct start of the Internal combustion engine can be fed into the cylinder and there for a increased boost pressure ensures.
  • the method according to the invention serves to start an internal combustion engine, already during the starting phase, fuel combustion in at least a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine takes place.
  • fuel combustion in at least a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine takes place.
  • the starting can be assisted by means of an auxiliary unit, so that the latter can be designed more easily and therefore cheaper.
  • auxiliary unit Preferably With the combustion even a direct start of the internal combustion engine performed, which gets along completely without additional auxiliary unit.
  • the procedure is characterized in that during the starting phase (respectively) before the beginning a combustion in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine one compared to the relative oxygen concentration in normal air (about 21 vol .-%) increased relative oxygen concentration prevails (whereby fuel gases and / or residual exhaust gases in the determination of the relative concentration not be taken into account).
  • an oxygen donor in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be available.
  • An oxygen donor is one preferably gaseous or liquid substance, which oxygen chemically bound contains and this under certain conditions, for example Above a temperature threshold, release or to other chemical substances can deliver.
  • the increased oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber can be improved by supplying a gas that has oxygen in a relation to the conditions in normal air contains increased concentration or even consists of pure oxygen (hereinafter Called "oxygen supply gas"), during the running out of the internal combustion engine, during the stoppage of the internal combustion engine and / or during the Start phase of the internal combustion engine are generated.
  • the supply can additionally take place to or instead of the normally sucked fresh air.
  • the oxygen donor may leak during standstill and / or the starting phase of the internal combustion engine are supplied. At all mentioned Supply types ensures that the oxygen or the Oxygen donor is available during the startup phase.
  • the oxygen donor is during the operation of the internal combustion engine on board of the internal combustion engine containing Motor vehicle produced and for starting the internal combustion engine cached.
  • the type of production depends on the oxygen donor used substance.
  • An oxygen donor preferably used in this context is the gas nitrogen monoxide N 2 O ("nitrous oxide").
  • This gas can either be carried in a store or generated aboard a motor vehicle in a suitably equipped reactor from suitable starting substances or, for example, by biotechnological processes.
  • the nitrogen monoxide N 2 O is recovered during operation of the internal combustion engine in a arranged in the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine exhaust gas catalyst.
  • the formation of N 2 O is suppressed by special measures.
  • the invention further relates to an internal combustion engine, preferably an internal combustion engine with direct injection and spark ignition, which characterized is that this means of providing gas with a higher relative oxygen concentration as in air (“oxygen feed gas”) and / or from an oxygen donor in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine contains.
  • an internal combustion engine preferably an internal combustion engine with direct injection and spark ignition, which characterized is that this means of providing gas with a higher relative oxygen concentration as in air (“oxygen feed gas”) and / or from an oxygen donor in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine contains.
  • the internal combustion engine is for carrying out a method of the above Kind furnished.
  • the provision of oxygen supply gas and / or a Oxygen donor can thus for the startup phase of the internal combustion engine take place in order to start this way by early fuel burns support or cause a direct start.
  • this contains a storage device for oxygen supply gas and / or for an oxygen donor, wherein the Supply storage via supply lines with at least one combustion chamber of Internal combustion engine is connected.
  • a storage memory can with a Refueling be provided so that this periodically, For example, when refueling the vehicle with fuel, refilled can be.
  • the internal combustion engine further preferably includes an exhaust gas aftertreatment device arranged in the exhaust path and configured to generate and / or separate N 2 O from the exhaust gas coming from the internal combustion engine.
  • the internal combustion engine is autonomous, since it generates the oxygen donor itself and in this respect no regular refueling od. Like. Needed.
  • the invention further relates to a device for obtaining an oxygen donor, in particular of nitrogen monoxide N 2 O, which is designed to generate from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, the oxygen donor and / or to separate.
  • the device may in particular be a suitably designed or modified catalytic converter.
  • An internal combustion engine equipped with such a device is able to autonomously generate an oxygen donor, which can be used in particular during the starting phase of the internal combustion engine to provide a sufficiently high amount of oxygen for a powerful combustion and thus a starterless starting of the internal combustion engine.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 shown in the figures is in particular to such with direct injection of fuel into the cylinder and Spark ignition.
  • the internal combustion engine is via an intake manifold or an intake system 1 provided fresh air.
  • the combustion gases are discharged via an exhaust manifold and an exhaust path 4.
  • In the exhaust path 4 is at least one exhaust aftertreatment device 3, z. B. a three-way catalyst.
  • FIG. 1 shows in this regard a first specific embodiment of the invention.
  • they are filled with pure oxygen O 2 instead of fresh air or in addition to the fresh air.
  • an oxygen donor ie, gases or liquids that contain oxygen chemically bound and can release it in the cylinders.
  • the oxygen donor is preferably introduced into the cylinders in addition to the normal fresh air.
  • the pure oxygen O 2 and / or the oxygen donor which may, for example, be nitrogen monoxide N 2 O, is stored in a storage tank 6 on board the motor vehicle and introduced via supply lines 5 as required into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine ,
  • This supply of oxygen or an oxygen donor can during the running of the internal combustion engine (ie in the time from switching off the ignition and / or fuel supply to engine standstill), during engine stall (zero speed) and / or during the starting phase (ie from engine stall until reaching a predetermined minimum speed, for example, the idling speed).
  • the provision of pure oxygen gas O 2 or oxygen released from an oxygen donor in the combustor increases the total available amount of oxygen in the combustor. Therefore, an additional amount of fuel can be provided by the direct injection and completely burned, so that a larger energy is obtained from the combustion process. This ensures that the internal combustion engine 2 can be started directly by the combustion "on its own”.
  • the oxygen gas O 2 and / or the oxygen donor can be replenished in the reservoir 6 by a tank device 7 if required.
  • Figure 2 shows a modification of the system of Figure 1.
  • the memory 6 ' is specifically a N 2 O memory, which is connected on the input side via a line 8 to the exhaust gas catalyst 3.
  • Nitric oxide N 2 O is an oxygen carrier with about 1.5 times the density of air.
  • N 2 O dissociates at temperatures above 300 ° C into oxygen and nitrogen according to the formula 2N 2 O ⁇ 2N 2 + O 2 .
  • N 2 O can be introduced into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 2 together with fresh air for a direct start. With the fresh air and a fuel injection combustion can be initiated in a cylinder, which is in the correct working position for this purpose. When the temperature rises above 300 ° C due to combustion, oxygen is released from the N 2 O, which then participates in the combustion. Due to the additional amount of oxygen provided by this release, a corresponding additional amount of fuel can be reacted in the combustion chamber. As a result, the available energy for starting the internal combustion engine increases accordingly, so that a direct start is more likely to be successful or more robust under critical boundary conditions.
  • the N 2 O gas can be stored in the motor vehicle in a storage device 6 such as a pressure bottle, which is refilled if necessary.
  • a storage device 6 such as a pressure bottle
  • N 2 O is generated on board the motor vehicle in a suitable reactor for this purpose.
  • N 2 O can be generated under the action of heat from solid ammonium nitrate NH 4 NO 3 .
  • N 2 O can be produced by denitrification in a biotechnological process by specific nitrate bacteria and fungi. The nitrate is from time to time replenished in the reactor.
  • N 2 O generation in the motor vehicle is to be particularly preferred since it manages with the fewest additional devices.
  • the N 2 O is generated in the exhaust catalyst 3 from the exhaust emissions of the internal combustion engine 2 or separated.
  • large amounts of N 2 O are formed in catalysts during reduction processes in an oxygen-rich atmosphere on the platinum metal of the catalyst.
  • additional measures must be taken.
  • the formation process of N 2 O is exploited in order to build up an N 2 O storage medium on board the motor vehicle, which can then be used during a direct start.
  • the advantage of this approach is that no replenishment of special substances (such as N 2 O itself or ammonium nitrate) is required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

In a start-up process for an automotive piston engine, one or more cylinders is pre-charged with additional oxygen as compared with that present in ambient air, and/or a supplementary source of oxygen is provided. An independent claim is also included for a commensurate automotive power-plant.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Starten einer Brennkraftmaschine, eine zur Durchführung eines derartigen Verfahrens eingerichtete Brennkraftmaschine sowie eine im Rahmen des Verfahrens einsetzbare Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for starting an internal combustion engine, a For carrying out such a method, the internal combustion engine and a device which can be used in the context of the method.

Zur Verbesserung der Kraftstoffausnutzung in Fahrzeugen mit Verbrennungsmotor erfolgt häufig anstelle eines Leerlaufbetriebes ein vollständiges Abstellen des Motors, wenn keine Antriebsleistung benötigt wird. Der Motor muß dann neu angelassen werden, wenn seine Leistung wieder benötigt wird. Für das Anlassen weisen herkömmliche Brennkraftmaschinen spezielle Hilfsaggregate wie etwa einen Anlassermotor oder einen als Motor einsetzbaren Generator (sogenannter Startergenerator) auf. Hierbei handelt es sich um verhältnismäßig große und kostenaufwändige Einrichtungen, da für das Anlassen des Verbrennungsmotors eine hohe elektrische Leistung erforderlich ist.To improve the fuel efficiency in vehicles with internal combustion engine Frequently, instead of idling, the engine is stopped completely. if no drive power is needed. The engine must then be restarted when his power is needed again. Show for starting conventional internal combustion engines special auxiliary equipment such as a Starter motor or a generator that can be used as a motor (so-called starter generator) on. These are relatively large and costly Facilities, as for the starting of the internal combustion engine a high electrical power is required.

Darüber hinaus ist es bekannt, eine Brennkraftmaschine durch Auslösen einer Verbrennung anzulassen. Dies ist insbesondere bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit Funkenzündung und Direkteinspritzung möglich. Der direkt in die Brennkammer eingespritzte Kraftstoff wird dabei durch einen Funken gezündet, und die anschließende Explosion des Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemisches bewegt den Kolben und startet den Motor, ohne daß die Kurbelwelle durch ein zusätzliches Hilfsaggregat bewegt werden müßte.In addition, it is known to trigger an internal combustion engine To start combustion. This is especially true with internal combustion engines Spark ignition and direct injection possible. The directly into the combustion chamber Injected fuel is ignited by a spark, and the subsequent Explosion of the air-fuel mixture moves the piston and starts the engine, without the crankshaft moved by an additional auxiliary unit would have to be.

Bei einer Kombination obiger Methoden erfolgt während des Anlassens einer Brennkraftmaschine durch einen Startermotor bereits früh bzw. von Anfang an eine Einspritzung und Verbrennung in den Zylindern, um hierdurch den Anlasser zu unterstützen. In a combination of the above methods takes place during the start of a Internal combustion engine by a starter motor early or from the beginning an injection and combustion in the cylinders to thereby the starter to support.

Ein direktes oder unterstütztes Anlassen des Motors durch eine frühe Verbrennung erfordert bestimmte Randbedingungen, um erfolgreich durchgeführt werden zu können. Zum Beispiel ist es erforderlich beziehungsweise vorteilhaft, daß die Kurbelwelle zu Beginn des Anlassens in oder nahe einer bestimmten Position steht. Ferner muß gewährleistet werden, daß aus der Verbrennung eine ausreichende Kraft zum Antreiben der Brennkraftmaschine gewonnen werden kann. Letzteres setzt wiederum die Bereitstellung einer ausreichenden Frischluftmenge während der Startphase voraus. Diesbezüglich wird in der DE 199 47 784 A1 die Anordnung eines Luftspeicherraums vorgeschlagen, in welchem Luft unter einem erhöhten Druck gespeichert werden soll, damit diese bei einem Direktstart der Brennkraftmaschine in deren Zylinder eingespeist werden kann und dort für einen erhöhten Ladedruck sorgt.A direct or assisted starting of the engine by an early combustion requires certain constraints to be successful to be able to. For example, it is necessary or advantageous that the Crankshaft at the beginning of cranking in or near a certain position stands. It must also be ensured that sufficient combustion Power for driving the internal combustion engine can be obtained. The latter in turn sets the provision of a sufficient amount of fresh air during the start phase ahead. In this regard, in DE 199 47 784 A1, the Arrangement of an air storage space proposed in which air under a increased pressure is to be stored, so that these at a direct start of the Internal combustion engine can be fed into the cylinder and there for a increased boost pressure ensures.

Vor diesem Hintergrund war es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, alternative Mittel für eine effiziente Gewährleistung der Voraussetzungen für den Start einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Hilfe von frühen Verbrennungen während der Startphase bereitzustellen.Against this background, it was an object of the present invention, alternative Means for an efficient guarantee of the conditions for the start of a Internal combustion engine with the help of early burns during the starting phase provide.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1, durch eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 7 sowie durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 10 gelöst.This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1, by an internal combustion engine having the features of claim 7 and by a device with the features of claim 10 solved.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.Advantageous embodiments are contained in the subclaims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dient dem Starten einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei bereits während der Startphase eine Kraftstoffverbrennung in mindestens einer Brennkammer der Brennkraftmaschine stattfindet. Durch die frühe Kraftstoffverbrennung kann das Anlassen mittels eines Hilfsaggregates unterstützt werden, so daß Letzteres leichter und damit kostengünstiger ausgelegt werden kann. Vorzugsweise wird mit der Verbrennung sogar ein Direktstart der Brennkraftmaschine durchgeführt, welcher völlig ohne zusätzliches Hilfsaggregat auskommt. Das Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß während der Startphase (jeweils) vor Beginn einer Verbrennung in mindestens einer Brennkammer der Brennkraftmaschine eine im Vergleich zur relativen Sauerstoffkonzentration in normaler Luft (ca. 21 Vol.-%) erhöhte relative Sauerstoffkonzentration herrscht (wobei Kraftstoffgase und/oder Restabgase bei der Ermittlung der relativen Konzentration nicht berücksichtigt werden). Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann während der Startphase auch ein Sauerstoffdonator in mindestens einer Brennkammer der Brennkraftmaschine vorhanden sein. Bei einem Sauerstoffdonator handelt es sich um einen vorzugsweise gasförmigen oder flüssigen Stoff, welcher Sauerstoff chemisch gebunden enthält und diesen unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen, beispielsweise oberhalb einer Temperaturschwelle, freisetzen bzw. an andere chemische Substanzen abgeben kann.The method according to the invention serves to start an internal combustion engine, already during the starting phase, fuel combustion in at least a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine takes place. By the early fuel combustion the starting can be assisted by means of an auxiliary unit, so that the latter can be designed more easily and therefore cheaper. Preferably With the combustion even a direct start of the internal combustion engine performed, which gets along completely without additional auxiliary unit. The procedure is characterized in that during the starting phase (respectively) before the beginning a combustion in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine one compared to the relative oxygen concentration in normal air (about 21 vol .-%) increased relative oxygen concentration prevails (whereby fuel gases and / or residual exhaust gases in the determination of the relative concentration not be taken into account). Additionally or alternatively, during the starting phase also an oxygen donor in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be available. An oxygen donor is one preferably gaseous or liquid substance, which oxygen chemically bound contains and this under certain conditions, for example Above a temperature threshold, release or to other chemical substances can deliver.

Durch das beschriebene Verfahren kann erreicht werden, daß während der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine eine größere Menge an Sauerstoff in mindestens einer Brennkammer vorhanden ist, so daß dort auch mehr Kraftstoff verbrannt werden kann als bei einer entsprechenden Füllung der Kammer mit Umgebungsluft unter vergleichbaren Druckbedingungen. Dies gewährleistet, daß von Anfang der Startphase an eine ausreichende Motorleistung für ein unterstütztes Starten beziehungsweise einen Direktstart zur Verfügung steht.By the method described can be achieved that during the starting phase the internal combustion engine a greater amount of oxygen in at least a combustion chamber is present, so that there burned more fuel can be as with a corresponding filling of the chamber with ambient air under comparable pressure conditions. This ensures that from the beginning the starting phase to a sufficient engine power for a supported start or a direct start is available.

Die erhöhte Sauerstoffkonzentration in der Brennkammer kann durch Zufuhr von einem Gas, das Sauerstoff in einer gegenüber den Verhältnissen in normaler Luft erhöhten Konzentration enthält oder sogar aus reinem Sauerstoff besteht (nachfolgend "Sauerstoff-Zufuhrgas" genannt), während des Auslaufens der Brennkraftmaschine, während des Stillstands der Brennkraftmaschine und/oder während der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine erzeugt werden. Die Zufuhr kann dabei zusätzlich zu oder anstelle der normal angesaugten Frischluft erfolgen. In ähnlicher Weise kann auch der Sauerstoffdonator während des Auslaufens, des Stillstandes und/oder der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt werden. Bei allen genannten Zufuhrarten ist gewährleistet, daß der Sauerstoff beziehungsweise der Sauerstoffdonator während der Startphase zur Verfügung steht. The increased oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber can be improved by supplying a gas that has oxygen in a relation to the conditions in normal air contains increased concentration or even consists of pure oxygen (hereinafter Called "oxygen supply gas"), during the running out of the internal combustion engine, during the stoppage of the internal combustion engine and / or during the Start phase of the internal combustion engine are generated. The supply can additionally take place to or instead of the normally sucked fresh air. In similar In the same way, the oxygen donor may leak during standstill and / or the starting phase of the internal combustion engine are supplied. At all mentioned Supply types ensures that the oxygen or the Oxygen donor is available during the startup phase.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des Verfahrens wird der Sauerstoffdonator während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine an Bord des die Brennkraftmaschine enthaltenden Kraftfahrzeuges produziert und für das Starten der Brennkraftmaschine zwischengespeichert. Die Art der Produktion richtet sich nach der als Sauerstoffdonator verwendeten Substanz.According to one embodiment of the method, the oxygen donor is during the operation of the internal combustion engine on board of the internal combustion engine containing Motor vehicle produced and for starting the internal combustion engine cached. The type of production depends on the oxygen donor used substance.

Ein in diesem Zusammenhang bevorzugt verwendeter Sauerstoffdonator ist das Gas Stickstoffmonoxid N2O ("Lachgas"). Dieses Gas kann entweder in einem Speicher mitgeführt oder an Bord eines Kraftfahrzeuges in einem entsprechend eingerichteten Reaktor aus geeigneten Ausgangssubstanzen oder zum Beispiel durch biotechnologische Prozesse erzeugt werden.An oxygen donor preferably used in this context is the gas nitrogen monoxide N 2 O ("nitrous oxide"). This gas can either be carried in a store or generated aboard a motor vehicle in a suitably equipped reactor from suitable starting substances or, for example, by biotechnological processes.

Vorzugsweise wird das Stickstoffmonoxid N2O während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine in einem im Abgasweg der Brennkraftmaschine angeordneten Abgaskatalysator gewonnen. In herkömmlichen Abgaskatalysatoren wird die Entstehung von N2O durch spezielle Maßnahmen unterdrückt. Durch eine entsprechende Einstellung der Katalysatoren kann somit in einfacher Weise erreicht werden, daß diese während des Betriebs des Kraftfahrzeuges N2O produzieren, welches dann separiert und zwischengespeichert werden kann.Preferably, the nitrogen monoxide N 2 O is recovered during operation of the internal combustion engine in a arranged in the exhaust path of the internal combustion engine exhaust gas catalyst. In conventional catalytic converters, the formation of N 2 O is suppressed by special measures. By an appropriate adjustment of the catalysts can thus be achieved in a simple manner that they produce during operation of the motor vehicle N 2 O, which can then be separated and cached.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Brennkraftmaschine, vorzugsweise eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkteinspritzung und Fremdzündung, welche dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß diese Mittel zur Bereitstellung von Gas mit einer höheren relativen Sauerstoffkonzentration als in Luft ("Sauerstoff-Zufuhrgas") und/oder von einem Sauerstoffdonator in mindestens eine Brennkammer der Brennkraftmaschine enthält.The invention further relates to an internal combustion engine, preferably an internal combustion engine with direct injection and spark ignition, which characterized is that this means of providing gas with a higher relative oxygen concentration as in air ("oxygen feed gas") and / or from an oxygen donor in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine contains.

Die Brennkraftmaschine ist für die Durchführung eines Verfahrens der oben erläuterten Art eingerichtet. Die Bereitstellung von Sauerstoff-Zufuhrgas und/oder einem Sauerstoffdonator kann somit für die Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine stattfinden, um auf diese Weise den Start durch frühe Kraftstoffverbrennungen zu unterstützen beziehungsweise einen Direktstart zu bewirken. The internal combustion engine is for carrying out a method of the above Kind furnished. The provision of oxygen supply gas and / or a Oxygen donor can thus for the startup phase of the internal combustion engine take place in order to start this way by early fuel burns support or cause a direct start.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Brennkraftmaschine enthält diese einen Vorratsspeicher für Sauerstoff-Zufuhrgas und/oder für einen Sauerstoffdonator, wobei der Vorratsspeicher über Zufuhrleitungen mit mindestens einer Brennkammer der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden ist. Ein derartiger Vorratsspeicher kann mit einer Betankungseinrichtung versehen sein, so daß dieser in regelmäßigen Abständen, zum Beispiel beim Auftanken des Kraftfahrzeuges mit Kraftstoff, wiederbefüllt werden kann.According to a development of the internal combustion engine, this contains a storage device for oxygen supply gas and / or for an oxygen donor, wherein the Supply storage via supply lines with at least one combustion chamber of Internal combustion engine is connected. Such a storage memory can with a Refueling be provided so that this periodically, For example, when refueling the vehicle with fuel, refilled can be.

Die Brennkraftmaschine enthält ferner vorzugsweise eine im Abgasweg angeordnete Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung, welche dazu eingerichtet ist, N2O aus dem von der Brennkraftmaschine kommenden Abgas zu erzeugen und/oder zu separieren. In diesem Falle ist die Brennkraftmaschine autonom, da sie den Sauerstoffdonator selbst erzeugt und diesbezüglich keine regelmäßige Betankung od. dgl. benötigt.The internal combustion engine further preferably includes an exhaust gas aftertreatment device arranged in the exhaust path and configured to generate and / or separate N 2 O from the exhaust gas coming from the internal combustion engine. In this case, the internal combustion engine is autonomous, since it generates the oxygen donor itself and in this respect no regular refueling od. Like. Needed.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung eines Sauerstoffdonators, insbesondere von Stickstoffmonoxid N2O, welche dahingehend ausgebildet ist, aus dem Abgas einer Brennkraftmaschine den Sauerstoffdonator zu erzeugen und/oder zu separieren. Bei der Vorrichtung kann es sich insbesondere um einen entsprechend ausgebildeten bzw. abgewandelten Abgaskatalysator handeln. Eine mit einer solchen Vorrichtung ausgestattete Brennkraftmaschine ist in der Lage, autonom einen Sauerstoffdonator zu erzeugen, welcher insbesondere während der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine verwendet werden kann, um eine ausreichend hohe Sauerstoffmenge für eine leistungsstarke Verbrennung und damit ein starterloses Anlassen der Brennkraftmaschine bereitzustellen.The invention further relates to a device for obtaining an oxygen donor, in particular of nitrogen monoxide N 2 O, which is designed to generate from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, the oxygen donor and / or to separate. The device may in particular be a suitably designed or modified catalytic converter. An internal combustion engine equipped with such a device is able to autonomously generate an oxygen donor, which can be used in particular during the starting phase of the internal combustion engine to provide a sufficiently high amount of oxygen for a powerful combustion and thus a starterless starting of the internal combustion engine.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung mit Hilfe der Figuren beispielhaft erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Sauerstoff- bzw. N2O-Speicher, und
Fig. 2
eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem N2O-Speicher und einer N2O-Erzeugung durch einen Abgaskatalysator.
In the following, the invention will be explained by way of example with the aid of the figures. Show it:
Fig. 1
an internal combustion engine according to the invention with an oxygen or N 2 O memory, and
Fig. 2
an internal combustion engine with a N 2 O storage and a N 2 O generation by an exhaust gas catalyst.

Bei der in den Figuren dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine 2 handelt es sich insbesondere um eine solche mit Direkteinspritzung von Kraftstoff in die Zylinder und Fremdzündung. Der Brennkraftmaschine wird über einen Ansaugkrümmer beziehungsweise ein Einlaßsystem 1 Frischluft bereitgestellt. Die Verbrennungsabgase werden über einen Abgaskrümmer und einen Abgasweg 4 abgeführt. Im Abgasweg 4 befindet sich mindestens eine Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung 3, z. B. ein Dreiwegekatalysator.The internal combustion engine 2 shown in the figures is in particular to such with direct injection of fuel into the cylinder and Spark ignition. The internal combustion engine is via an intake manifold or an intake system 1 provided fresh air. The combustion gases are discharged via an exhaust manifold and an exhaust path 4. In the exhaust path 4 is at least one exhaust aftertreatment device 3, z. B. a three-way catalyst.

Um die Brennkraftmaschine 2 direkt, d.h. ohne ein zusätzliches Hilfsaggregat wie beispielsweise einen Startermotor anlassen zu können, oder um ein derartiges Hilfsaggregat zu unterstützen und daher leichter auslegen zu können, kann während der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine 2 bereits von jedem ersten Arbeitstakt eines Zylinders an eine Kraftstoffeinspritzung und -verbrennung erfolgen. Wichtig für den Erfolg eines solchen Vorgehens ist, daß der Verbrennungsvorgang eine ausreichend hohe Kraft für die Ingangsetzung der Brennkraftmaschine 2 bereitstellt. Die maximal erreichbare Kraft wird während der Startphase jedoch durch die verhältnismäßig geringe für eine Verbrennung zur Verfügung stehende Sauerstoffmenge in den Zylindern begrenzt, da das Füllgas der Zylinder unverdichtet nur bei Atmosphärendruck vorliegt.To drive the internal combustion engine 2 directly, i. without an additional auxiliary unit like For example, to be able to start a starter motor, or such a Support auxiliary and therefore easier to interpret, can during the starting phase of the internal combustion engine 2 already from each first power stroke a cylinder to a fuel injection and combustion take place. Important for the success of such a procedure is that the combustion process provides a sufficiently high force for the startup of the internal combustion engine 2. The maximum achievable force is during the start phase, however the relatively low amount of oxygen available for combustion limited in the cylinders, since the filling gas of the cylinder is uncompressed only is at atmospheric pressure.

Um die Verbrennungsleistung der Brennkraftmaschine 2 während der Startphase zu erhöhen, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, für eine erhöhte (relative) Sauerstoffkonzentration während der Startphase zu sorgen. Figur 1 zeigt diesbezüglich eine erste spezielle Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Um den Sauerstoffgehalt in den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine 2 zu erhöhen, werden diese mit reinem Sauerstoff O2 anstelle von Frischluft oder zusätzlich zur Frischluft gefüllt. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, die Zylinder mit einem Sauerstoffdonator zu füllen, d.h. Gasen oder Flüssigkeiten, welche Sauerstoff chemisch gebunden enthalten und diesen in den Zylindern freisetzen können. Der Sauerstoffdonator wird vorzugsweise zusätzlich zur normalen Frischluft in die Zylinder eingebracht. In order to increase the combustion power of the internal combustion engine 2 during the starting phase, it is proposed according to the invention to provide for an increased (relative) oxygen concentration during the starting phase. FIG. 1 shows in this regard a first specific embodiment of the invention. In order to increase the oxygen content in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 2, they are filled with pure oxygen O 2 instead of fresh air or in addition to the fresh air. Another possibility is to fill the cylinders with an oxygen donor, ie, gases or liquids that contain oxygen chemically bound and can release it in the cylinders. The oxygen donor is preferably introduced into the cylinders in addition to the normal fresh air.

Gemäß Figur 1 wird der reine Sauerstoff O2 und/oder der Sauerstoffdonator, bei dem es sich zum Beispiel um Stickstoffmonoxid N2O handeln kann, in einem Speichertank 6 an Bord des Kraftfahrzeuges bevorratet und über Zufuhrleitungen 5 nach Bedarf in die Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine eingebracht. Diese Zufuhr von Sauerstoff oder einem Sauerstoffdonator kann dabei während des Auslaufens der Brennkraftmaschine (d. h. in der Zeit vom Abstellen der Zündung und/oder der Kraftstoffzufuhr bis zum Motorstillstand), während des Motorstillstands (Drehzahl Null) und/oder während der Startphase (d. h. vom Motorstillstand bis zum Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Mindestdrehzahl, zum Beispiel der Leerlaufdrehzahl) erfolgen. Die Bereitstellung von reinem Sauerstoffgas O2 oder von Sauerstoff, der von einem Sauerstoffdonator in der Brennkammer freigesetzt wird, erhöht die verfügbare Gesamtmenge an Sauerstoff in der Brennkammer. Daher kann eine zusätzliche Menge an Kraftstoff durch die Direkteinspritzung bereitgestellt und vollständig verbrannt werden, so daß eine größere Energie aus dem Verbrennungsvorgang gewonnen wird. Dies stellt sicher, daß die Brennkraftmaschine 2 durch die Verbrennung "aus eigener Kraft" direkt angelassen werden kann.According to FIG. 1, the pure oxygen O 2 and / or the oxygen donor, which may, for example, be nitrogen monoxide N 2 O, is stored in a storage tank 6 on board the motor vehicle and introduced via supply lines 5 as required into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine , This supply of oxygen or an oxygen donor can during the running of the internal combustion engine (ie in the time from switching off the ignition and / or fuel supply to engine standstill), during engine stall (zero speed) and / or during the starting phase (ie from engine stall until reaching a predetermined minimum speed, for example, the idling speed). The provision of pure oxygen gas O 2 or oxygen released from an oxygen donor in the combustor increases the total available amount of oxygen in the combustor. Therefore, an additional amount of fuel can be provided by the direct injection and completely burned, so that a larger energy is obtained from the combustion process. This ensures that the internal combustion engine 2 can be started directly by the combustion "on its own".

Wie in Figur 1 schematisch angedeutet ist, kann das Sauerstoffgas O2 und/oder der Sauerstoffdonator durch eine Tankeinrichtung 7 bei Bedarf wieder im Speicher 6 nachgefüllt werden.As indicated schematically in FIG. 1, the oxygen gas O 2 and / or the oxygen donor can be replenished in the reservoir 6 by a tank device 7 if required.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Abwandlung des Systems von Figur 1. Der Speicher 6' ist dabei speziell ein N2O-Speicher, welcher eingangsseitig über eine Leitung 8 mit dem Abgaskatalysator 3 verbunden ist. Bei Stickstoffmonoxid N2O handelt es sich um einen Sauerstoffträger mit etwa der 1.5-fachen Dichte von Luft. N2O dissoziiert bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 300°C in Sauerstoff und Stickstoff gemäß der Formel 2 N2O → 2 N2 + O2. Figure 2 shows a modification of the system of Figure 1. The memory 6 'is specifically a N 2 O memory, which is connected on the input side via a line 8 to the exhaust gas catalyst 3. Nitric oxide N 2 O is an oxygen carrier with about 1.5 times the density of air. N 2 O dissociates at temperatures above 300 ° C into oxygen and nitrogen according to the formula 2N 2 O → 2N 2 + O 2 .

N2O kann für einen Direktstart zusammen mit Frischluft in die Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine 2 eingebracht werden. Mit der Frischluft und einer Kraftstoffinjektion kann eine Verbrennung in einem Zylinder initiiert werden, der sich für diesen Zweck in der richtigen Arbeitsstellung befindet. Wenn aufgrund der Verbrennung die Temperatur über 300°C ansteigt, wird Sauerstoff aus dem N2O freigesetzt, welcher dann an der Verbrennung teilnimmt. Aufgrund der durch diese Freisetzung bereitstehenden zusätzlichen Sauerstoffmenge kann eine entsprechende Zusatzmenge an Kraftstoff in der Brennkammer umgesetzt werden. Hierdurch erhöht sich die verfügbare Energie für das Anlassen der Brennkraftmaschine entsprechend, so daß ein Direktstart mit größerer Wahrscheinlichkeit erfolgreich bzw. unter kritischen Randbedingungen robuster verläuft.N 2 O can be introduced into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 2 together with fresh air for a direct start. With the fresh air and a fuel injection combustion can be initiated in a cylinder, which is in the correct working position for this purpose. When the temperature rises above 300 ° C due to combustion, oxygen is released from the N 2 O, which then participates in the combustion. Due to the additional amount of oxygen provided by this release, a corresponding additional amount of fuel can be reacted in the combustion chamber. As a result, the available energy for starting the internal combustion engine increases accordingly, so that a direct start is more likely to be successful or more robust under critical boundary conditions.

Wie in Figur 1 dargestellt ist, kann das N2O-Gas im Kraftfahrzeug in einer Speichereinrichtung 6 wie beispielsweise einer Druckflasche bevorratet werden, welche bei Bedarf erneut aufgefüllt wird. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, daß N2O an Bord des Kraftfahrzeuges in einem hierfür geeigneten Reaktor erzeugt wird. Zum Beispiel kann N2O unter Wärmeeinwirkung aus festem Ammoniumnitrat NH4NO3 erzeugt werden. Ferner kann N2O durch Denitrifizierung in einem biotechnologischen Prozeß durch spezielle Bakterien und Pilze aus Nitrat erzeugt werden. Das Nitrat ist dabei von Zeit zu Zeit in dem Reaktor wieder aufzufüllen.As shown in Figure 1, the N 2 O gas can be stored in the motor vehicle in a storage device 6 such as a pressure bottle, which is refilled if necessary. Another possibility is that N 2 O is generated on board the motor vehicle in a suitable reactor for this purpose. For example, N 2 O can be generated under the action of heat from solid ammonium nitrate NH 4 NO 3 . Furthermore, N 2 O can be produced by denitrification in a biotechnological process by specific nitrate bacteria and fungi. The nitrate is from time to time replenished in the reactor.

Die in Figur 2 gezeigte weitere Möglichkeit einer N2O-Erzeugung im Kraftfahrzeug ist besonders zu bevorzugen, da sie mit den wenigsten Zusatzeinrichtungen auskommt. Bei dieser Methode wird das N2O im Abgaskatalysator 3 aus den Abgasemissionen der Brennkraftmaschine 2 erzeugt bzw. separiert. Normalerweise werden in Katalysatoren während Reduktionsprozessen in einer sauerstoffreichen Atmosphäre am Platinmetall des Katalysators große Mengen an N2O gebildet. Zur Vermeidung dieser N2O-Bildung im Katalysator müssen üblicherweise geeignete Zusatzmaßnahmen ergriffen werden. Vorliegend wird jedoch der Bildungsprozeß von N2O ausgenutzt, um einen N2O-Speichervorrat an Bord des Kraftfahrzeuges aufzubauen, welcher dann während eines Direktstarts verwendet werden kann. Der Vorteil dieses Vorgehens liegt darin, daß kein Nachfüllen spezieller Substanzen (wie zum Beispiel von N2O selbst oder von Ammoniumnitrat) erforderlich ist. The further possibility shown in FIG. 2 of an N 2 O generation in the motor vehicle is to be particularly preferred since it manages with the fewest additional devices. In this method, the N 2 O is generated in the exhaust catalyst 3 from the exhaust emissions of the internal combustion engine 2 or separated. Normally, large amounts of N 2 O are formed in catalysts during reduction processes in an oxygen-rich atmosphere on the platinum metal of the catalyst. To avoid this formation of N 2 O in the catalyst usually appropriate additional measures must be taken. In the present case, however, the formation process of N 2 O is exploited in order to build up an N 2 O storage medium on board the motor vehicle, which can then be used during a direct start. The advantage of this approach is that no replenishment of special substances (such as N 2 O itself or ammonium nitrate) is required.

Weiterhin ist es möglich, an Bord des Kraftfahrzeuges N2O in einer hierfür geeigneten Vorrichtung aus dem natürlichen Stickstoffgehalt in Luft zu erzeugen, was ebenfalls den Vorteil hat, ohne ein Auffüllen spezieller Substanzen auszukommen.Furthermore, it is possible to produce on board the motor vehicle N 2 O in a device suitable for this purpose from the natural nitrogen content in air, which likewise has the advantage of getting along without having to fill special substances.

Claims (10)

Verfahren zum Starten einer Brennkraftmaschine (2), wobei bereits während der Startphase mindestens eine Kraftstoffverbrennung in mindestens einer Brennkammer der Brennkraftmaschine stattfindet,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
   während der Startphase in der genannten Brennkammer eine im Vergleich zu Luft erhöhte relative Sauerstoffkonzentration herrscht und/oder ein Sauerstoffdonator vorhanden ist.Method for starting an internal combustion engine (2), wherein at least one fuel combustion takes place in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine during the starting phase,
characterized in that
during the starting phase in the said combustion chamber, a relative increased relative to air relative oxygen concentration and / or an oxygen donor is present. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
   die erhöhte relative Sauerstoffkonzentration durch Zufuhr von Sauerstoffhaltigem Gas während des Auslaufens, des Stillstands und/oder der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine (2) erzeugt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the increased relative oxygen concentration is produced by the supply of oxygen-containing gas during the coasting, the stoppage and / or the starting phase of the internal combustion engine (2). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
   der Sauerstoffdonator während des Auslaufens, des Stillstands und/oder der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine (2) zugeführt wird.Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the oxygen donor is supplied during the run-out, the standstill and / or the starting phase of the internal combustion engine (2). Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
   der Sauerstoffdonator während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine (2) produziert und zwischengespeichert wird.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
the oxygen donor is produced and temporarily stored during operation of the internal combustion engine (2). Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
   der Sauerstoffdonator Stickstoffmonoxid (N2O) enthält. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
the oxygen donor contains nitric oxide (N 2 O). Verfahren nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
   das Stickstoffmonoxid (N2O) während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine (2) in einem Abgaskatalysator (3) gewonnen wird.Method according to claim 5,
characterized in that
the nitrogen monoxide (N 2 O) is recovered during operation of the internal combustion engine (2) in an exhaust gas catalytic converter (3). Brennkraftmaschine (2), vorzugsweise mit Direkteinspritzung und Fremdzündung,
gekennzeichnet durch
   Mittel (5, 6, 6') zur Bereitstellung von Gas mit einer höheren relativen Sauerstoffkonzentration als in Luft und/oder von einem Sauerstoffdonator in mindestens eine Brennkammer der Brennkraftmaschine (2).Internal combustion engine (2), preferably with direct injection and spark ignition,
marked by
Means (5, 6, 6 ') for providing gas having a higher relative oxygen concentration than in air and / or by an oxygen donor in at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine (2). Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
   diese einen Vorratsspeicher (6, 6') für das genannte Gas und/oder den genannten Sauerstoffdonator enthält, wobei der Vorratsspeicher über Zufuhrleitungen (5) mit mindestens einer Brennkammer verbunden ist.Internal combustion engine according to claim 7,
characterized in that
this contains a storage device (6, 6 ') for said gas and / or said oxygen donor, wherein the storage device is connected via supply lines (5) with at least one combustion chamber. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 7 oder 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
   diese eine im Abgasweg (4) angeordnete Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung (3) aufweist, welche dahingehend ausgebildet ist, Stickstoffmonoxid (N2O) aus dem Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine (2) zu erzeugen und/oder zu separieren. Internal combustion engine according to claim 7 or 8,
characterized in that
this one in the exhaust path (4) arranged exhaust gas aftertreatment device (3) which is designed to generate nitrogen monoxide (N 2 O) from the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (2) and / or to separate. Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung eines Sauerstoffdonators, insbesondere von Stickstoffmonoxid (N2O),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
   diese dahingehend ausgebildet ist, aus dem Abgas einer Brennkraftmaschine den Sauerstoffdonator zu erzeugen und/oder zu separieren.Device for obtaining an oxygen donor, in particular nitrogen monoxide (N 2 O),
characterized in that
this is designed to generate and / or separate the oxygen donor from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
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JP2015158182A (en) * 2014-02-25 2015-09-03 株式会社デンソー exhaust gas treatment apparatus
JP2017512279A (en) * 2014-02-27 2017-05-18 ジョンソン、マッセイ、パブリック、リミテッド、カンパニーＪｏｈｎｓｏｎ Ｍａｔｔｈｅｙ Ｐｕｂｌｉｃ Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ Exhaust system with N2O catalyst in exhaust gas recirculation circuit
RU2737575C1 (en) * 2019-08-06 2020-12-01 Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "ВОЕННАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ МАТЕРИАЛЬНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулева" Operating method of internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine
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