EP1459250A1 - Non-contact portable object comprising at least a peripheral device connected to the same antenna as the chip - Google Patents

Non-contact portable object comprising at least a peripheral device connected to the same antenna as the chip

Info

Publication number
EP1459250A1
EP1459250A1 EP02799852A EP02799852A EP1459250A1 EP 1459250 A1 EP1459250 A1 EP 1459250A1 EP 02799852 A EP02799852 A EP 02799852A EP 02799852 A EP02799852 A EP 02799852A EP 1459250 A1 EP1459250 A1 EP 1459250A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chip
antenna
peripheral device
reader
portable object
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02799852A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nicolas Les Vergers des Belles Terres PANGAUD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ASK SA
Original Assignee
ASK SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASK SA filed Critical ASK SA
Publication of EP1459250A1 publication Critical patent/EP1459250A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0716—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising a sensor or an interface to a sensor
    • G06K19/0717—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising a sensor or an interface to a sensor the sensor being capable of sensing environmental conditions such as temperature history or pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07701—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction
    • G06K19/07703—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction the interface being visual
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card

Definitions

  • Contactless portable object comprising at least one peripheral device connected to the same antenna as the chip
  • the present invention relates to contactless portable objects and more particularly to a contactless portable object comprising a chip and at least one peripheral device connected to the same antenna.
  • Portable objects such as contactless smart cards
  • They are generally cards in ISO format which are coupled to readers, by which they are remotely supplied, that is to say by which they receive energy in the form of electromagnetic signals and with which they communicate.
  • readers In the public transport sectors, such means have also been implemented in the form of ISO cards or in a more reduced form such as tickets.
  • the cards or tickets are presented by users in front of readers in order to access public transport. The communication that is established with the reader allows the recognition of the user and the debit of the price of the trip on the account of the latter.
  • a second need is the possibility of using the same card in several different applications. Indeed, one can imagine that a card could communicate with different readers. Thus, a credit card operating in automatic teller machines can be used as an electronic purse. Similarly, a contactless transport card can be used to pay small amounts. The same card then becomes an accessory that can be used daily in several different applications.
  • a third need may be to have a small keyboard on the contactless card making it possible to enter data during a transaction between the card and a terminal. Such a keyboard would be placed on the body of the smart card.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by providing a portable object having several independent functions implemented by means of one or more independent peripheral devices connected to the same antenna.
  • the present invention relates to a contactless portable object comprising a chip, an antenna allowing the communication of electromagnetic signals between the chip and a reader associated with the contactless portable object, the antenna terminals being connected to the terminals of the chip and at least one contactless peripheral device different from a chip and having a different function from the chip, also connected in parallel to the antenna terminals and whose energy for operate is extracted from electromagnetic signals from the reader and supplied by the antenna.
  • FIG. 1 represents a contactless portable object comprising, in addition to the chip, a temperature sensor and a display device connected to the terminals of the antenna according to the principles of the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents the electrical diagram of a contactless card comprising a single chip
  • FIG. 3 represents the electrical diagram of a contactless card comprising a peripheral device in addition to the chip
  • FIG. 4 represents the electrical diagram equivalent to that of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 represents a contactless smart card in ISO format.
  • the card 10 includes a chip 12. This chip dialogs with a reader via an antenna 14. In fact, when the card is placed in the magnetic field generated by the reader, there is electromagnetic coupling between the chip 12 and the reader. Data and energy then pass between the chip and the reader via their respective antenna.
  • the antenna 14 consists of turns of circumference growing. Each end of this antenna is connected to the chip 12.
  • the chip card 10 also includes two peripheral devices 16 and 18.
  • the peripheral devices 16 and 18 are respectively a display device and a temperature sensor, both being connected in bypass to the terminals of the chip 12.
  • the peripheral devices placed on the card may be of the same nature or of a different nature as is the case in FIG. 1.
  • the card 10 could comprise a single peripheral device or more than two peripheral devices depending on the needs .
  • all the peripheral devices placed on the card 10 are connected bypass to the terminals of the chip, that is to say to the terminals of the antenna 14.
  • each of the peripheral devices can, like the chip, receive data and its operating energy from the reader thanks to the electromagnetic coupling between the antenna of the reader and the antenna 14 of the card.
  • FIG. 2 represents the electrical diagram of a conventional smart card not having peripheral devices.
  • the circuit first comprises the antenna 14 and a capacitor 22 formed from the combination of a capacitor and the stray capacitance of the chip.
  • the capacitor 22 is in fact a tuning capacitor making it possible, in combination with the antenna 14, to form a circuit resonant to the frequency of the electromagnetic signals transmitted by the reader.
  • the frequency at which resonance occurs is 13.56 megahertz (MHz) according to the current standard.
  • a resistor 24 can be connected in parallel via an electronic switch 26 inside the chip, in order to generate a subcarrier frequency of retromodulation between the chip card and the reader.
  • the sub-carrier retromodulation frequency is 847 kilohertz (kHz).
  • Closing and opening of the switch 26 makes it possible to transmit the data at the retromodulation frequency, the modulation preferably being a modulation by phase change at each change of bit giving rise to the change of state of the switch 26.
  • the resistor 28 represents the inherent resistance of the chip, and the assembly provided by the zener diode 30 and the resistors 32 and 34 has the function of limiting the voltage across the terminals of the antenna 14.
  • the peripheral device integrated on the card in addition to the chip it also includes a chip. But unlike the card chip, this chip is used as a processor for the implementation of the device function. Consequently, its diagram will be similar to that of FIG. 2 and will include the same type of components as that of the chip. Assuming that a peripheral device (display device, sensor, keyboard or other) is connected in parallel on the antenna and the chip, the electrical diagram of the assembly is then presented as the combination of two electrical circuits of the same type as that of FIG. 2 as shown in FIG. 3.
  • a peripheral device display device, sensor, keyboard or other
  • the second circuit connected in parallel to the terminals of the antenna 14, therefore comprises a capacitor 42 which represents at least the parasitic capacitance of the peripheral device, a resistor 44 connected at parallel by means of a switch 46 in order to generate a subcarrier frequency of retromodulation between the peripheral device and the reader and thus allow the peripheral device to send data to the reader.
  • the resistor 48 is a resistor equivalent to that of the peripheral device, and the assembly formed by the zener diode 50 and the resistors 52 and 54 has the function of limiting the voltage across the terminals of the antenna 14. In reality, the electrical circuit of FIG. 3 can be reduced to the circuit illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the capacity 60 equivalent to the capacities 22 and 42 must be the tuning capacity whose value is that for which the circuit formed by the antenna 14 and the tuning capacity enters into resonance at the frequency of the carrier transmitted by the reader.
  • the tuning capacity of the peripheral device is generally lower than that of the chip, so that the overall capacity is distributed at 75% over the capacity of the chip and at 25% over the capacity of the peripheral device.
  • the resistor 62 is the resistor equivalent to the two resistors 28 and 48 in parallel.
  • the assembly formed by the zener diode 64 and the resistors 66 and 68 it is in fact the assembly of the diode 30 and the resistors 32 and 34 or the assembly of the diode 50 and the resistors 52 and 54 who has the lower threshold.
  • the electrical circuit illustrated in Figure 4 includes two switching elements. Resistor 24 and switch 26 (when closed) are used to transmit information from the chip to the reader at a certain frequency (for example 847 KHz), while resistor 44 and switch 46 (when is closed) are used to transmit information from the peripheral device to the reader at a frequency which may be different from that used by the chip. Note that there are as many switching elements formed of a resistor and a switch as there are peripheral devices, including the chip, present on the card. As mentioned above, the modulation used for the transmission of information from each of the peripheral devices is a modulation by phase change at each change of bit giving rise to the change of state of the associated switch. In general, the peripheral devices present on the card can operate with the same reader as the chip or with different readers.
  • the latter includes an anti-collision system allowing the reader to communicate simultaneously with the various peripheral devices present on the card.
  • the reader dialogues with the chip and the peripheral devices as if they were connected to different antennas and / or placed on different cards.
  • the peripheral device can also use data transmitted in the form of instructions by the chip.
  • the dialogue is carried out by the antenna using the retromodulation resistor of the peripheral device, the chip acting as a reader by modulating the signal present on the antenna by the data to be transmitted.
  • the chip can communicate with peripheral devices unless it is properly powered, which constitutes a security element.
  • the peripheral device is a display device displaying the results of a transaction carried out by the chip.
  • the display device can in particular display the amount of money remaining on the contactless smart card, if the latter is an electronic purse. It can also display information related to the operation of the card.
  • the peripheral device 16 is a display device while the peripheral device 18 is a temperature sensor, such a card being used for example for monitoring the cold chain for frozen products.
  • the peripheral device 18 is a temperature sensor, such a card being used for example for monitoring the cold chain for frozen products.
  • the latter questions the temperature sensor 18 and stores the value read in its memory. Then it proceeds to display of this value on the screen of the display device 16 thanks to the information signals transmitted between the reader and the antenna of the card.
  • the temperature value supplied by the sensor can be transmitted to the chip 12 which itself transmits this value to the display device 16 by modulating the signals received from the reader, the reader being used in this case only supplying energy to the chip 12 and to the device 16 during their data exchange.
  • the display is made retentive, which allows the user to have time to read the information at any time after the transaction with the reader.
  • the peripheral device is a keyboard, and preferably a numeric keyboard.
  • This function can be particularly interesting in the application of the contactless smart card as an electronic purse. Indeed, such a device can be used to enter the amount of money that is to be loaded into the electronic purse from a distributor. Such a keyboard can also be used to enter an access code. The operation of this type of device requires that the contactless object remain present in the reader field during entry.
  • each of the peripheral devices has little impact either on the functioning of the chip, or on the functioning of the other peripheral devices of the portable object, or on the transactions which are carried out between the chip, the other peripheral devices and their readers.
  • a malfunction must not have any influence on the functionality of the other elements of the contactless portable object, whether it is the chip or the other peripheral devices. The user can therefore always use the functions of the chip and other peripheral devices on the card.

Abstract

The invention concerns a portable object (10) comprising a chip (12) and an antenna (14) for communicating electromagnetic signals between the chip and a reader associated with said non-contact portable object, the antenna terminals being connected to the chip terminals. The non-contact portable object comprises at least a non-contact peripheral device (16, 18) other than a chip and having a function different from that of the chip, also connected in parallel to the antenna terminals and whereof the operating power is extracted from the electromagnetic signals from the reader and supplied by the antenna.

Description

Objet portable sans contact comportant au moins un dispositif périphérique connecté à la même antenne que la puce Contactless portable object comprising at least one peripheral device connected to the same antenna as the chip
Domaine techniqueTechnical area
La présente invention concerne les objets portables sans contact et plus particulièrement un objet portable sans contact comprenant une puce et au moins un dispositif périphérique connectés à la même antenne .The present invention relates to contactless portable objects and more particularly to a contactless portable object comprising a chip and at least one peripheral device connected to the same antenna.
Etat de la techniqueState of the art
Les objets portables, tels que les cartes à puce sans contact, sont largement utilisés de nos jours dans de nombreuses applications. Il s'agit généralement de cartes au format ISO qui sont couplées à des lecteurs, par lesquels elles sont télé-alimentées, c'est à dire par lesquels elles reçoivent l'énergie sous forme de signaux électromagnétiques et avec lesquels elles communiquent. Dans les secteurs des transports publics, de tels moyens ont également été mis en œuvre sous forme de cartes ISO ou sous forme plus réduite comme des tickets. Les cartes ou tickets sont présentés par les usagers devant des lecteurs afin d'accéder au transport en commun. La communication qui s'établit avec le lecteur permet la reconnaissance de l'usager et le débit du prix du voyage sur le compte de ce dernier.Portable objects, such as contactless smart cards, are widely used today in many applications. They are generally cards in ISO format which are coupled to readers, by which they are remotely supplied, that is to say by which they receive energy in the form of electromagnetic signals and with which they communicate. In the public transport sectors, such means have also been implemented in the form of ISO cards or in a more reduced form such as tickets. The cards or tickets are presented by users in front of readers in order to access public transport. The communication that is established with the reader allows the recognition of the user and the debit of the price of the trip on the account of the latter.
Ces objets ont aussi été développés comme moyens de paiement. C'est le cas par exemple du porte-monnaie électronique. Ce dernier sert à payer de petites sommes auprès des commerçants. Il est constitué par une carte à puce. Cette carte est créditée dans un distributeur spécialisé. L'utilisateur peut alors l'utiliser pour payer les achats, en la présentant devant un lecteur. La communication entre la carte et le lecteur entraîne le débit de la somme correspondant à l'achat.These objects have also been developed as means of payment. This is the case for example of the electronic purse. The latter is used to pay small amounts to merchants. It consists of a smart card. This card is credited in a specialized distributor. The user can then use it to pay for purchases, by presenting it to a reader. The communication between the card and the reader results in the debit of the sum corresponding to the purchase.
De nombreuses sociétés ont également développé des moyens d'identification de leur personnel par carte à puce sans contact. Le passage devant un lecteur permet d'identifier le possesseur de la carte qui est alors autorisé ou non à accéder à une zone contrôlée. La même carte peut également être utilisée par les employés pour « pointer » . Le recours de plus en plus systématique à la technologie des cartes à puce a fait naître de nouveaux besoins auxquels les cartes actuelles ne répondent pas. Le premier de ces besoins est la possibilité de prendre connaissance d'informations directement sur l'objet portable sans contact. En effet, l'utilisateur veut pouvoir prendre connaissance d'informations contenues dans la puce de la carte et ceci sans être obligé de venir placer la carte dans le champ d'un lecteur et lire les informations directement sur l'écran du lecteur. On retrouve cette contrainte dans l'utilisation du porte-monnaie électronique. L'utilisateur ne peut prendre connaissance du solde que lorsqu'il recharge la carte en argent ou lorsqu'il effectue une transaction, c'est à dire lorsque la carte est alimentée grâce aux signaux électromagnétiques émis par un lecteur. II existe sur le marché un moyen de pallier ces inconvénients. Ce moyen est un étui pour porte-monnaie électronique qui possède un écran permettant de consulter le solde de la carte à tout moment. En glissant cette dernière à l'intérieur de l'étui, un contact s'établit entre la puce de la carte et celle de l'étui. La communication par contact entraîne l'affichage du solde sur l'écran de l'étui. Cependant, cette technologie présente plusieurs inconvénients. Le premier de ces inconvénients est que l'étui nécessite une source d'alimentation interne permettant le fonctionnement de l'étui et la communication entre la carte et l'étui. Cette source d'alimentation est généralement une pile. Il faut donc régulièrement changer cette pile lorsqu'elle est usée. Le deuxième inconvénient réside dans le fait que l'étui n'accepte que les cartes qui sont configurées pour fonctionner avec lui. Ainsi, on ne peut pas utiliser plusieurs cartes différentes.Many companies have also developed means of identifying their personnel by contactless smart card. Passing in front of a reader makes it possible to identify the owner of the card who is then authorized or not to access a controlled area. The same card can also be used by employees to "point". The increasingly systematic use of smart card technology has created new needs that current cards do not meet. The first of these needs is the possibility of reading information directly on the contactless portable object. Indeed, the user wants to be able to read information contained in the chip of the card and this without being obliged to come and place the card in the field of a reader and read the information directly on the screen of the reader. We find this constraint in the use of electronic purses. The user can only take cognizance of the balance when he reloads the card in cash or when he makes a transaction, that is to say when the card is powered by electromagnetic signals emitted by a reader. There is a way on the market to overcome these drawbacks. This means is a case for an electronic purse which has a screen enabling the balance of the card to be consulted at any time. By sliding the latter inside the case, contact is established between the card chip and that of the case. Contact communication results in the balance being displayed on the case screen. However, this technology has several drawbacks. The first of these drawbacks is that the case requires an internal power source allowing the case to operate and the communication between the card and the case. This power source is usually a stack. This battery should therefore be changed regularly when it is worn out. The second drawback lies in the fact that the case only accepts cards which are configured to work with it. Thus, one cannot use several different cards.
Un deuxième besoin est la possibilité d'utiliser une même carte dans plusieurs applications différentes. En effet, on peut imaginer qu'une carte puisse communiquer avec des lecteurs différents. Ainsi, une carte de crédit fonctionnant dans les distributeurs automatiques de billets peut être utilisée comme porte-monnaie électronique. De même, un carte de transport sans contact peut être utilisée pour payer des petites sommes . La même carte devient alors un accessoire qui peut être utilisé quotidiennement dans plusieurs applications différentes.A second need is the possibility of using the same card in several different applications. Indeed, one can imagine that a card could communicate with different readers. Thus, a credit card operating in automatic teller machines can be used as an electronic purse. Similarly, a contactless transport card can be used to pay small amounts. The same card then becomes an accessory that can be used daily in several different applications.
Un troisième besoin peut être de disposer sur la carte sans contact d'un petit clavier permettant de saisir des données lors d'une transaction entre la carte et un terminal . Un tel clavier serait disposé sur le corps de la carte à puce .A third need may be to have a small keyboard on the contactless card making it possible to enter data during a transaction between the card and a terminal. Such a keyboard would be placed on the body of the smart card.
Malheureusement, les différentes fonctions nécessaires pour satisfaire ces besoins nécessitent une source d'énergie pour fonctionner lorsque la carte est dans le champ magnétique émis par le lecteur avec lequel elle communique.Unfortunately, the various functions necessary to meet these needs require a source of energy to operate when the card is in the magnetic field emitted by the reader with which it communicates.
Exposé de 1 ' inventionStatement of the invention
Le but de l'invention est de pallier ces inconvénients en fournissant un objet portable possédant plusieurs fonctions indépendantes implementees grâce à un ou plusieurs dispositifs périphériques indépendants connectés à une même antenne.The object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by providing a portable object having several independent functions implemented by means of one or more independent peripheral devices connected to the same antenna.
La présente invention concerne un objet portable sans contact comprenant une puce, une antenne permettant la communication de signaux électromagnétiques entre la puce et un lecteur associé à l'objet portable sans contact, les bornes de l'antenne étant connectées aux bornes de la puce et au moins un dispositif périphérique sans contact différent d'une puce et ayant une fonction différente de la puce, également connecté en parallèle aux bornes de l'antenne et dont l'énergie pour fonctionner est extraite des signaux électromagnétiques provenant du lecteur et fournie par l'antenne.The present invention relates to a contactless portable object comprising a chip, an antenna allowing the communication of electromagnetic signals between the chip and a reader associated with the contactless portable object, the antenna terminals being connected to the terminals of the chip and at least one contactless peripheral device different from a chip and having a different function from the chip, also connected in parallel to the antenna terminals and whose energy for operate is extracted from electromagnetic signals from the reader and supplied by the antenna.
Description brève des dessinsBrief description of the drawings
Les buts, objets et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit faite en référence aux dessins joints dans lesquels :The aims, objects and characteristics of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
La figure 1 représente un objet portable sans contact comportant outre la puce, un capteur de température et un dispositif d'affichage connectés aux bornes de l'antenne selon les principes de l'invention,FIG. 1 represents a contactless portable object comprising, in addition to the chip, a temperature sensor and a display device connected to the terminals of the antenna according to the principles of the invention,
La figure 2 représente le schéma électrique d'une carte sans contact comportant une seule puce, La figure 3 représente le schéma électrique d'une carte sans contact comportant un dispositif périphérique en plus de la puce, etFIG. 2 represents the electrical diagram of a contactless card comprising a single chip, FIG. 3 represents the electrical diagram of a contactless card comprising a peripheral device in addition to the chip, and
La figure 4 représente le schéma électrique équivalent à celui de la figure 3.FIG. 4 represents the electrical diagram equivalent to that of FIG. 3.
Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention
La figure 1 représente une carte à puce sans contact au format ISO. La carte 10 comprend une puce 12. Cette puce dialogue avec un lecteur par l'intermédiaire d'une antenne 14. En effet, lorsque la carte est placée dans le champ magnétique généré par le lecteur, il y a couplage électromagnétique entre la puce 12 et le lecteur. Les données et l'énergie transitent alors entre la puce et le lecteur par l'intermédiaire de leur antenne respective. L'antenne 14 est constituée de spires de circonférence croissante. Chacune des extrémités de cette antenne est reliée à la puce 12. La carte à puce 10 comprend également deux dispositifs périphériques 16 et 18.FIG. 1 represents a contactless smart card in ISO format. The card 10 includes a chip 12. This chip dialogs with a reader via an antenna 14. In fact, when the card is placed in the magnetic field generated by the reader, there is electromagnetic coupling between the chip 12 and the reader. Data and energy then pass between the chip and the reader via their respective antenna. The antenna 14 consists of turns of circumference growing. Each end of this antenna is connected to the chip 12. The chip card 10 also includes two peripheral devices 16 and 18.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 1, les dispositifs périphériques 16 et 18 sont respectivement un dispositif d'affichage et d'un capteur de température, tous les deux étant connectés en dérivation aux bornes de la puce 12. A noter que les dispositifs périphériques placés sur la carte peuvent être de même nature ou de nature différente comme c'est le cas de la figure 1. Selon d'autres modes de réalisation, la carte 10 pourrait comporter un seul dispositif périphérique ou plus de deux dispositifs périphériques en fonction des besoins .In the example of FIG. 1, the peripheral devices 16 and 18 are respectively a display device and a temperature sensor, both being connected in bypass to the terminals of the chip 12. Note that the peripheral devices placed on the card may be of the same nature or of a different nature as is the case in FIG. 1. According to other embodiments, the card 10 could comprise a single peripheral device or more than two peripheral devices depending on the needs .
Selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, tous les dispositifs périphériques placés sur la carte 10 sont connectés en dérivation aux bornes de la puce, c'est à dire aux bornes de l'antenne 14. Ainsi chacun des dispositifs périphériques peut, comme la puce, recevoir des données et son énergie de fonctionnement en provenance du lecteur grâce au couplage électromagnétique entre l'antenne du lecteur et l'antenne 14 de la carte.According to an essential characteristic of the invention, all the peripheral devices placed on the card 10 are connected bypass to the terminals of the chip, that is to say to the terminals of the antenna 14. Thus each of the peripheral devices can, like the chip, receive data and its operating energy from the reader thanks to the electromagnetic coupling between the antenna of the reader and the antenna 14 of the card.
La figure 2 représente le schéma électrique d'une carte à puce classique ne disposant pas de dispositifs périphériques. Le circuit comprend d'abord l'antenne 14 et une capacité 22 formée de la combinaison d'un condensateur et de la capacité parasite de la puce. La capacité 22 est en fait une capacité d'accord permettant, en combinaison avec l'antenne 14, de former un circuit résonnant à la fréquence des signaux électromagnétiques transmis par le lecteur. La fréquence a laquelle la résonance se produit est égale à 13,56 mégahertz (MHz) selon la norme actuelle. Une résistance 24 peut être connectée en parallèle par l'intermédiaire d'un commutateur électronique 26 à l'intérieur de la puce, afin de générer une fréquence sous- porteuse de rétromodulation entre la carte à puce et le lecteur. Selon un exemple particulier qui correspond à la norme actuelle, la fréquence sous-porteuse de retromodulation est de 847 kilohertz (kHz) . La fermeture et l'ouverture du commutateur 26 permettent de transmettre les données à la fréquence de retromodulation, la modulation étant de préférence un modulation par changement de phase à chaque changement de bit donnant lieu au changement d'état du commutateur 26. En dehors des composants déjà cités, la résistance 28 représente la résistance propre de la puce, et l'ensemble fourni par la diode zener 30 et les résistances 32 et 34 a pour fonction de limiter la tension aux bornes de l'antenne 14.FIG. 2 represents the electrical diagram of a conventional smart card not having peripheral devices. The circuit first comprises the antenna 14 and a capacitor 22 formed from the combination of a capacitor and the stray capacitance of the chip. The capacitor 22 is in fact a tuning capacitor making it possible, in combination with the antenna 14, to form a circuit resonant to the frequency of the electromagnetic signals transmitted by the reader. The frequency at which resonance occurs is 13.56 megahertz (MHz) according to the current standard. A resistor 24 can be connected in parallel via an electronic switch 26 inside the chip, in order to generate a subcarrier frequency of retromodulation between the chip card and the reader. According to a particular example which corresponds to the current standard, the sub-carrier retromodulation frequency is 847 kilohertz (kHz). Closing and opening of the switch 26 makes it possible to transmit the data at the retromodulation frequency, the modulation preferably being a modulation by phase change at each change of bit giving rise to the change of state of the switch 26. Apart from the components already mentioned, the resistor 28 represents the inherent resistance of the chip, and the assembly provided by the zener diode 30 and the resistors 32 and 34 has the function of limiting the voltage across the terminals of the antenna 14.
Quel que soit le dispositif périphérique intégré sur la carte en plus de la puce, il comporte également une puce. Mais contrairement à la puce de la carte, cette puce est utilisée comme processeur pour la mise en œuvre de la fonction du périphérique. Par conséquent, son schéma sera similaire à celui de la figure 2 et comprendra les mêmes type de composants que celui de la puce. En supposant qu'un dispositif périphérique (dispositif d'affichage, capteur, clavier ou autre) soit connecté en parallèle sur l'antenne et la puce, le schéma électrique de l'ensemble se présente alors comme la combinaison de deux circuits électriques du même type que celui de la figure 2 tel que représenté sur la figure 3. Le deuxième circuit connecté en parallèle aux bornes de l'antenne 14, comprend donc une capacité 42 qui représente au moins la capacité parasite du dispositif périphérique, une résistance 44 connectée en parallèle au moyen d'un commutateur 46 afin de générer une fréquence sous-porteuse de retromodulation entre le dispositif périphérique et le lecteur et permettre ainsi au dispositif périphérique d'envoyer des données au lecteur. Enfin, la résistance 48 est une résistance équivalente à celle du dispositif périphérique, et l'ensemble formé de la diode zéner 50 et des résistances 52 et 54 a pour fonction de limiter la tension aux bornes de l'antenne 14. En réalité, le circuit électrique de la figure 3 peut se réduire au circuit illustré sur la figure 4. En effet, dans la mesure où la carte ne comporte qu'une seule antenne, la capacité 60 équivalente aux capacités 22 et 42, c'est à dire à leur somme, doit être la capacité d'accord dont la valeur est celle pour laquelle le circuit formé de l'antenne 14 et de la capacité d'accord entre en résonance à la fréquence de la porteuse transmise par le lecteur. A noter que la capacité d'accord du dispositif du périphérique est généralement plus faible que celle de la puce de telle sorte que la capacité globale est répartie à 75 % sur la capacité de la puce et à 25 % sur la capacité du dispositif périphérique. De même, la résistance 62 est la résistance équivalente aux deux résistances 28 et 48 en parallèle. Quant à l'ensemble formé de la diode zéner 64 et des résistances 66 et 68, c'est en fait l'ensemble de la diode 30 et des résistances 32 et 34 ou l'ensemble de la diode 50 et des résistance 52 et 54 qui a le seuil le moins élevé.Whatever the peripheral device integrated on the card in addition to the chip, it also includes a chip. But unlike the card chip, this chip is used as a processor for the implementation of the device function. Consequently, its diagram will be similar to that of FIG. 2 and will include the same type of components as that of the chip. Assuming that a peripheral device (display device, sensor, keyboard or other) is connected in parallel on the antenna and the chip, the electrical diagram of the assembly is then presented as the combination of two electrical circuits of the same type as that of FIG. 2 as shown in FIG. 3. The second circuit connected in parallel to the terminals of the antenna 14, therefore comprises a capacitor 42 which represents at least the parasitic capacitance of the peripheral device, a resistor 44 connected at parallel by means of a switch 46 in order to generate a subcarrier frequency of retromodulation between the peripheral device and the reader and thus allow the peripheral device to send data to the reader. Finally, the resistor 48 is a resistor equivalent to that of the peripheral device, and the assembly formed by the zener diode 50 and the resistors 52 and 54 has the function of limiting the voltage across the terminals of the antenna 14. In reality, the electrical circuit of FIG. 3 can be reduced to the circuit illustrated in FIG. 4. Indeed, insofar as the card has only one antenna, the capacity 60 equivalent to the capacities 22 and 42, it is to say at their sum, must be the tuning capacity whose value is that for which the circuit formed by the antenna 14 and the tuning capacity enters into resonance at the frequency of the carrier transmitted by the reader. Note that the tuning capacity of the peripheral device is generally lower than that of the chip, so that the overall capacity is distributed at 75% over the capacity of the chip and at 25% over the capacity of the peripheral device. Likewise, the resistor 62 is the resistor equivalent to the two resistors 28 and 48 in parallel. As for the assembly formed by the zener diode 64 and the resistors 66 and 68, it is in fact the assembly of the diode 30 and the resistors 32 and 34 or the assembly of the diode 50 and the resistors 52 and 54 who has the lower threshold.
Le circuit électrique illustré sur la figure 4 comprend deux éléments de commutation. La résistance 24 et le commutateur 26 (lorsqu'il est fermé) servent à la transmission des information de la puce vers le lecteur à une certaine fréquence (par exemple 847 KHz) , alors que la résistance 44 et le commutateur 46 (lorsqu'il est fermé) servent à la transmission des informations du dispositif périphérique vers le lecteur à une fréquence qui peut être différente de celle utilisée par la puce. A noter qu'il y a autant d'éléments de commutation formés d'une résistance et d'un commutateur qu'il y a de dispositifs périphériques, y compris la puce, présents sur la carte. Comme mentionné plus haut, la modulation utilisée pour la transmission des informations à partir de chacun des dispositifs périphériques est une modulation par changement de phase à chaque changement de bit donnant lieu au changement d'état du commutateur associé. De façon générale, les dispositifs périphériques présents sur la carte peuvent fonctionner avec le même lecteur que la puce ou avec des lecteurs différents. Si c'est le même lecteur, ce dernier comporte un système anti- collision permettant au lecteur de dialoguer simultanément avec les différents dispositifs périphériques présents sur la carte. Dans ce cas, le lecteur dialogue avec la puce et les dispositifs périphériques comme s'ils étaient connectés à des antennes différentes et/ou placés sur différentes cartes.The electrical circuit illustrated in Figure 4 includes two switching elements. Resistor 24 and switch 26 (when closed) are used to transmit information from the chip to the reader at a certain frequency (for example 847 KHz), while resistor 44 and switch 46 (when is closed) are used to transmit information from the peripheral device to the reader at a frequency which may be different from that used by the chip. Note that there are as many switching elements formed of a resistor and a switch as there are peripheral devices, including the chip, present on the card. As mentioned above, the modulation used for the transmission of information from each of the peripheral devices is a modulation by phase change at each change of bit giving rise to the change of state of the associated switch. In general, the peripheral devices present on the card can operate with the same reader as the chip or with different readers. If it is the same reader, the latter includes an anti-collision system allowing the reader to communicate simultaneously with the various peripheral devices present on the card. In this case, the reader dialogues with the chip and the peripheral devices as if they were connected to different antennas and / or placed on different cards.
Le ou les dispositifs périphériques peuvent également exploiter des données émises sous forme d'instructions par la puce. Dans ce mode de réalisation, le dialogue s'effectue par l'antenne en utilisant la résistance de retromodulation du dispositif périphérique, la puce agissant comme un lecteur en modulant le signal présent sur l'antenne par les données à transmettre. Dans ce cas, seule la puce peut dialoguer avec les dispositifs périphériques que si elle est correctement alimentée, ce qui constitue un élément de sécurité.The peripheral device (s) can also use data transmitted in the form of instructions by the chip. In this embodiment, the dialogue is carried out by the antenna using the retromodulation resistor of the peripheral device, the chip acting as a reader by modulating the signal present on the antenna by the data to be transmitted. In this case, only the chip can communicate with peripheral devices unless it is properly powered, which constitutes a security element.
Un autre cas de dialogue direct avec la puce est le cas où le dispositif périphérique est un dispositif d'affichage affichant les résultats d'une transaction effectuée par la puce. Ainsi, le dispositif d'affichage peut notamment afficher la somme d'argent restant sur la carte à puce sans contact, si cette dernière est un porte-monnaie électronique. Il peut également afficher des informations liées au fonctionnement de la carte.Another case of direct dialogue with the chip is the case where the peripheral device is a display device displaying the results of a transaction carried out by the chip. Thus, the display device can in particular display the amount of money remaining on the contactless smart card, if the latter is an electronic purse. It can also display information related to the operation of the card.
Selon le mode de réalisation illustré sur la figure 1, le dispositif périphérique 16 est un dispositif d'affichage alors que le dispositif périphérique 18 est un capteur de température, une telle carte étant utilisée par exemple pour un suivi de la chaîne du froid pour des produits surgelés. Lorsque la carte est plongée dans le champ du lecteur, ce dernier questionne le capteur de température 18 et mémorise la valeur lue dans sa mémoire. Puis il procède à l'affichage de cette valeur sur l'écran du dispositif d'affichage 16 grâce aux signaux d'informations transmis entre le lecteur et l'antenne de la carte. Comme mentionné précédemment, la valeur de température fournie par le capteur peut être transmise à la puce 12 qui transmet elle-même cette valeur au dispositif d'affichage 16 par modulation des signaux reçus du lecteur, le lecteur ne servant dans ce cas qu'à fournir l'énergie à la puce 12 et au dispositif 16 pendant leur échange de données . Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, l'affichage est rendu rémanent, ce qui permet à l'utilisateur d'avoir le temps de prendre connaissance des informations à tout moment après la transaction avec le lecteur.According to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the peripheral device 16 is a display device while the peripheral device 18 is a temperature sensor, such a card being used for example for monitoring the cold chain for frozen products. When the card is immersed in the reader's field, the latter questions the temperature sensor 18 and stores the value read in its memory. Then it proceeds to display of this value on the screen of the display device 16 thanks to the information signals transmitted between the reader and the antenna of the card. As mentioned previously, the temperature value supplied by the sensor can be transmitted to the chip 12 which itself transmits this value to the display device 16 by modulating the signals received from the reader, the reader being used in this case only supplying energy to the chip 12 and to the device 16 during their data exchange. According to a preferred embodiment, the display is made retentive, which allows the user to have time to read the information at any time after the transaction with the reader.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le dispositif périphérique est un clavier, et préférentiellement un clavier numérique. Cette fonction peut être particulièrement intéressante dans l'application de la carte à puce sans contact comme porte-monnaie électronique. En effet, un tel dispositif peut être utilisé pour saisir la somme d'argent que l'on veut charger dans le porte-monnaie électronique à partir d'un distributeur. Un tel clavier peut être également utilisé pour saisir un code d'accès. Le fonctionnement de ce type de périphérique nécessite que l'objet sans contact reste présent dans le champ du lecteur lors de la saisie.According to a particular embodiment, the peripheral device is a keyboard, and preferably a numeric keyboard. This function can be particularly interesting in the application of the contactless smart card as an electronic purse. Indeed, such a device can be used to enter the amount of money that is to be loaded into the electronic purse from a distributor. Such a keyboard can also be used to enter an access code. The operation of this type of device requires that the contactless object remain present in the reader field during entry.
Enfin, chacun des dispositifs périphériques a peu d'incidence ni sur le fonctionnement de la puce, ni sur le fonctionnement des autres dispositifs périphériques de l'objet portable, ni sur les transactions qui sont réalisées entre la puce, les autres dispositifs périphériques et leurs lecteurs. Ainsi, un dysfonctionnement ne doit pas avoir d'influence sur la fonctionnalité des autres éléments de l'objet portable sans contact, que ce soit la puce ou les autres dispositifs périphériques. L'utilisateur peut donc toujours se servir des fonctions de la puce et des autres dispositifs périphériques se trouvant sur la carte. Finally, each of the peripheral devices has little impact either on the functioning of the chip, or on the functioning of the other peripheral devices of the portable object, or on the transactions which are carried out between the chip, the other peripheral devices and their readers. Thus, a malfunction must not have any influence on the functionality of the other elements of the contactless portable object, whether it is the chip or the other peripheral devices. The user can therefore always use the functions of the chip and other peripheral devices on the card.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Objet portable sans contact (10) comprenant une puce (12) et une antenne (14) permettant la communication de signaux électromagnétiques entre ladite puce et un lecteur associé audit objet portable sans contact, les bornes de ladite antenne étant connectées aux bornes de ladite puce ; ledit objet portable sans contact étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend également au moins un dispositif périphérique sans contact (16, 18) , différent d'une puce et ayant une fonction différente de ladite puce, connecté en parallèle aux bornes de ladite antenne et dont l'énergie pour fonctionner est extraite des signaux électromagnétiques provenant dudit lecteur et fournie par ladite antenne .1. portable contactless object (10) comprising a chip (12) and an antenna (14) allowing the communication of electromagnetic signals between said chip and a reader associated with said portable contactless object, the terminals of said antenna being connected to the terminals of said chip; said contactless portable object being characterized in that it also comprises at least one contactless peripheral device (16, 18), different from a chip and having a function different from said chip, connected in parallel to the terminals of said antenna and whose energy to operate is extracted from electromagnetic signals from said reader and supplied by said antenna.
2. Objet portable (10) selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel ledit dispositif périphérique comprend une capacité2. Portable object (10) according to claim 1, wherein said peripheral device comprises a capacity
(42) qui constitue une capacité d'accord en combinaison avec la capacité de ladite puce (22) de façon a former un circuit résonnant avec ladite antenne (14) à la fréquence des signaux électromagnétiques.(42) which constitutes a tuning capacity in combination with the capacity of said chip (22) so as to form a resonant circuit with said antenna (14) at the frequency of the electromagnetic signals.
3. Objet portable (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif périphérique sans contact est un dispositif d'affichage (16).3. Portable object (10) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said contactless peripheral device is a display device (16).
4. Objet portable (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 , caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif périphérique sans contact est un clavier.4. Portable object (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said contactless peripheral device is a keyboard.
5. Objet portable (10) selon l'une des revendication 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif périphérique sans contact est un capteur de température .5. Portable object (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said contactless peripheral device is a temperature sensor.
6. Objet portable (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit dispositif périphérique (16, 18) peut envoyer des informations audit lecteur par retromodulation, par l'intermédiaire de ladite antenne (14).6. Portable object (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which said peripheral device (16, 18) can send information to said reader by retromodulation, via said antenna (14).
7. Objet portable (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit dispositif périphérique (16,7. portable object (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which said peripheral device (16,
18) dialogue avec ladite puce par modulation des signaux fournis par ladite antenne.18) dialogue with said chip by modulation of the signals supplied by said antenna.
8. Objet portable (10) selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel ledit dispositif périphérique (16, 18) comporte en parallèle sur les bornes de ladite antenne (14) une résistance (44) et un commutateur (46) qui, lorsqu'il est fermé, permet de transmettre des informations dudit dispositif périphérique vers ledit lecteur ou vers ladite puce (12) .8. Portable object (10) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein said peripheral device (16, 18) comprises in parallel on the terminals of said antenna (14) a resistor (44) and a switch (46) which, when 'it is closed, allows information to be transmitted from said peripheral device to said reader or to said chip (12).
9. Objet portable (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est utilisé comme porte-monnaie électronique. 9. Portable object (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is used as an electronic purse.
EP02799852A 2001-12-28 2002-12-24 Non-contact portable object comprising at least a peripheral device connected to the same antenna as the chip Withdrawn EP1459250A1 (en)

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FR0117000 2001-12-28
FR0117000A FR2834367B1 (en) 2001-12-28 2001-12-28 NON-CONTACT PORTABLE OBJECT COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE PERIPHERAL DEVICE CONNECTED TO THE SAME ANTENNA AS THE CHIP
PCT/FR2002/004560 WO2003056510A1 (en) 2001-12-28 2002-12-24 Non-contact portable object comprising at least a peripheral device connected to the same antenna as the chip

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FR2834367A1 (en) 2003-07-04
TWI263943B (en) 2006-10-11
AU2002364487A1 (en) 2003-07-15

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