EP1458072A1 - Dispositif de court-circuit pour utilisation dans des arrangements de basse et moyenne tension - Google Patents

Dispositif de court-circuit pour utilisation dans des arrangements de basse et moyenne tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1458072A1
EP1458072A1 EP04001251A EP04001251A EP1458072A1 EP 1458072 A1 EP1458072 A1 EP 1458072A1 EP 04001251 A EP04001251 A EP 04001251A EP 04001251 A EP04001251 A EP 04001251A EP 1458072 A1 EP1458072 A1 EP 1458072A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
short
overvoltage protection
electrodes
electrode
circuiting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04001251A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1458072B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dr-Ing. Zahlmann
Ralph Dr-Ing. Brocke
Arnd Dr-Ing. Ehrhardt
Josef Dipl-Ing.(Fh) Birkl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dehn SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Dehn and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10313045A external-priority patent/DE10313045B3/de
Application filed by Dehn and Soehne GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Dehn and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1458072A1 publication Critical patent/EP1458072A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1458072B1 publication Critical patent/EP1458072B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H79/00—Protective switches in which excess current causes the closing of contacts, e.g. for short-circuiting the apparatus to be protected
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
    • H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T15/00—Circuits specially adapted for spark gaps, e.g. ignition circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a short-circuiting device for use in Niederund Medium-voltage installations for property and personal protection, including Switching element, which of a trigger signal of an error detection device is actuated, two receiving the switching element between them Electrodes with means for supplying power, these being connected to a circuit can be contacted with terminals of different potential and the Switching element is in electrical connection with the electrodes, according to Preamble of claim 1.
  • the commonly used protection devices in the low voltage area such as z. B .. circuit breakers or fuses, only break high Short-circuit currents within a few milliseconds. In the medium voltage range In addition, this ability is limited almost exclusively to backups. However, such high currents occur only in a part of the possible Plant error. For another part of the error provides, if any, a known per se detection system is a signal and it is an upstream Circuit breaker opened. In usual switches is for error detection a shutdown time of 20 ms to 100 ms is required. Such systems are therefore hardly usable for damage limitation.
  • the Damage caused to electrical equipment is caused by the dynamic Force action of high currents, through the rapid construction of high Pressing or pressure waves and by the thermal effect of the arc with temperatures of up to 20,000 K.
  • the short-circuiting device results in very extreme requirements. So Beyond a high insulation value and a high dielectric strength in idle state after the signal delivery extremely short reaction times, an extremely low resistance and a high current carrying capacity of up to 100 kA or at impact load up to 220 kA for a period of substantially 100 ms expected. A very low resistance and a possible low-inductance design are for rapid commutation of the current in the short-circuiter and the quick and safe extinguishing of the fault arc essential.
  • the generic short-circuiting device is particularly suitable for extinguishing arcs in low-voltage switchgear for the distribution of electrical energy.
  • the short-circuiting device consists of at least one switching element which is actuated with a trigger signal of an error detection device, and comprises at least one short-circuiting device.
  • the short-circuiter consists of at least two electrodes receiving the switching element between them and has current-carrying parts or regions.
  • the current-carrying parts are substantially cylinder jacket or tubular and arranged one inside the other. Even with this known short-circuit device, the response times are inadequate and it is the overall design arrangement from a manufacturing point of view very expensive.
  • the switching element Starting from a short-circuiting device comprising a switching element, which is actuated by a trigger signal of an error detection device and wherein two of the switching element between them receiving electrodes are provided with means for power supply, the switching element According to the invention designed as a triggerable overvoltage protection device, which by a current or voltage pulse to respond can be brought and destroyed in the event of a fault.
  • At least one of the overvoltage arrester receiving Electrodes are under mechanical preload and are in the direction of the movable opposite electrode, wherein the overvoltage protection device forms an electrode spacer, which in the case of the desired Destruction an in-contact coming of the electrodes to the low-resistance Short circuit allows.
  • the overvoltage protection device is within the overall arrangement adjacent a space for receiving parts thereof in the event of a short circuit, i.e. intended for targeted destruction. Through this space Blocking during electrode movement is reliably avoided.
  • the switching element is a series circuit from a triggerable overvoltage protection device with a Device having an adjustable or defined melting integral. In the embodiment of the series connection, only the Device with the defined melt integral destroyed.
  • the device with a defined melt integral can be a glass tube fuse, a linear or non-linear resistor, a varistor, a low-melting one Metal or a metal alloy, a semiconducting or conductive Be ceramic or glass or a similar agent or material.
  • the electrically relevant distance between the electrodes in the normal state defines a voltage according to the invention over the response voltage of the switching element, for. As an inserted gas arrester, is located.
  • the overvoltage protection device can therefore be a gas arrester, a spark gap, a thyristor, a triggerable vacuum switch, a thyratron, be a triggerable semiconductor element or a similar assembly.
  • Overvoltage protection devices can vary the electrical parameters and to the respective case or to the respective system configuration be adjusted.
  • At least one tension or compression spring for generating the mechanical preload and the electrode movement is provided according to the invention at least one tension or compression spring, the In addition, a sufficient resistance in the event of failure Destruction of the overvoltage protection device or the switching element forms. To reduce this destructive pressure can channels or Openings are formed in or between the electrodes.
  • the short-circuiting have the Electrodes one with the open lateral surfaces opposite, respectively Semicylindrical shape, wherein at least one electrode over the cylinder base area is held from the outside under spring preload.
  • the surge protector In the half-cylinder interior is then the surge protector, between this and the cylinder inner wall of the free space for receiving parts of the surge protective device in the event of destruction remains.
  • the trigger connection is preferably over the cylinder jacket surface and there in turn preferably over that lateral surface of the fixed electrode executed.
  • one of the electrodes has a cone-shaped Interior and the counter electrode aelleskonus- or cone shape on, wherein in the bottom region of the electrode with konusförmigem interior the Overvoltage protection device arranged and in the initial state of Distance between cone and countercone surface smaller than the distance of the Electrodes in the floor area and overvoltage protection device located there is.
  • a third embodiment is based on an electrode in pot form, wherein Here, the counter electrode has a plunging into the pot punch shape.
  • a receiving space for the triggerable overvoltage protection device is provided below the grading of the electrode in the form of a pot a receiving space for the triggerable overvoltage protection device is provided.
  • the device of defined melting potential is in electrical contact between a receptacle in the stamp-shaped electrode on the one hand and with a surface of the overvoltage protection device on the other.
  • the preferred movable electrode in the form of a punch is one of the pot-shaped electrode covered insulating disk guided and kept movable.
  • the inventive method for operating the proposed Short-circuiting device commutates in the event of a fault immediately over the ignited Overvoltage protection device the fault current from the fault source in the switchgear to the switching element of the short-circuiting device, whereby the Total delay time reduced and the exposure time of arcing faults is reduced.
  • the electrodes of the short circuiter come in contact and it will generates an irreversible, low-impedance, metallic short circuit.
  • the movement of the electrodes in a short circuit to each other can by a corresponding power supply and a consequent electrodynamic Force be increased or accelerated.
  • the integrated overvoltage protection device takes over by itself or in conjunction with other, external overvoltage protection devices a plant overvoltage protection function and becomes multivalent.
  • the error detection system 1 is based on a known error detection system 1, which is used to detect different abnormal conditions, such. Brand, Voltage, fault current, pressure, arcs and so on is suitable.
  • the error detection system 1 thus serves to detect an abnormal Status and signal output.
  • the error detection system 1 supplies a signal to a trigger pulse generator 2 and further provides a signal, which is to a reporting device 4 arrived.
  • This reporting device 4 the known systems control existing protective devices.
  • the trigger pulse generating device 2 On the output side is the trigger pulse generating device 2 with a Short-circuiter 3 in conjunction and provides a tailored to the short-circuiter Current or voltage pulse to trigger it.
  • the trigger pulse generator 2 can also pulses for Actuation of suitable protective devices in the plants themselves.
  • z. B the external operation of the short-circuit release, in particular one Low-voltage switch, with a matched to the device current pulse possible.
  • z. B superconducting switches, vacuum switches with magnetic drive, but also triggerable vacuum switch.
  • a triggerable Switching element 7, z. B. in the form of a gas arrester, a spark gap, a Thyristors and so on, which are between two massive, electrically conductive electrodes 5 and 6 is located.
  • the movable electrode 5 is held by a compression spring 9 under bias and with a live busbar in contact.
  • the fixed electrode 6 carries ground potential.
  • the two electrodes 5 and 6 are separated by an insulation gap 11 separated. Between or below the switching element 7, the simplest If a gas arrester can be, there is a cavity or free space 10th
  • An ignition electrode 8 or a potential control for the gas discharge is isolated with the unit for generating a trigger pulse 2 (see FIG. 1) connected.
  • the gas collector as a triggerable switching element. 7 or a spark gap provided there if necessary overvoltages in Limiting the scope of their own resilience and thus a first Take over protective function.
  • Overvoltage protection device eg B. a Gasableiters
  • the vote between overvoltage protection function and the fault case, in which the Arrester is destroyed be made very accurate. This allows one extremely flexible adaptation of the combination of surge arresters and irreversible short-circuiter for the respective voltage level or accordingly other special equipment characteristics.
  • the response value of the gas discharge line should be higher than all voltages occurring in the system during operation. This means that the dielectric strength of the insulation gap 11 is to be selected clearly above the response voltage of the switching element 7.
  • the guide of the electrode 5 can be realized via a circumferential insulating ring 12.
  • the contacting of the switching element 7 is isolated by the bottom in the electrode 6 via a terminal. 8
  • the further embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4 is particularly for large insulation distances and high voltages of advantage.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 In addition to the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3 is here a Series connection between a surge arrester 7, z. B. a gas arrester, and a fuse 13, z. B. a glass tube fuse realized.
  • the fuse 13 which is also a varistor, a linear or nonlinear Can be resistance.
  • the fuse 13 itself has a very well adjustable melt integral, via which the interaction with the surge arrester 7 tunable is.
  • the Topfformelektrode 6 of FIG. 4 has a gradation to 14, with the Stamp surface 15 of the opposite electrode 5 in case of failure the Short circuit area forms.
  • the receiving space A is used also to include parts of the destroyed in case of error device 13, without the movement of the stamp electrode 5 towards the pot-shaped electrode 6 is hindered with the desired contact.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
EP04001251A 2003-03-11 2004-01-21 Dispositif de court-circuit pour utilisation dans des arrangements de basse et moyenne tension Expired - Lifetime EP1458072B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10310556 2003-03-11
DE10310556 2003-03-11
DE10313045 2003-03-24
DE10313045A DE10313045B3 (de) 2003-03-11 2003-03-24 Kurzschließeinrichtung für den Einsatz in Nieder- und Mittelspannungsanlagen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1458072A1 true EP1458072A1 (fr) 2004-09-15
EP1458072B1 EP1458072B1 (fr) 2008-01-16

Family

ID=32773178

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04001251A Expired - Lifetime EP1458072B1 (fr) 2003-03-11 2004-01-21 Dispositif de court-circuit pour utilisation dans des arrangements de basse et moyenne tension

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1458072B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE384349T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502004005936D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2300666T3 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013014167A1 (fr) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-31 Epcos Ag Dispositif électrique de protection contre les surtensions comportant trois électrodes
EP2677524A1 (fr) * 2012-06-19 2013-12-25 Raycap Corporation Dispositifs de protection contre les surtensions comprenant une varistance et un élément fusible conducteur électrique
WO2013190338A1 (fr) * 2012-06-19 2013-12-27 Raycap Corporation Dispositifs de protection contre les surtensions comportant un élément varistor et un élément fusible électroconducteur
CN104272539A (zh) * 2012-03-26 2015-01-07 德恩及索恩两合股份有限公司 用于电子装置、尤其是用于过电压放电器的故障指示装置
WO2018019384A1 (fr) * 2016-07-29 2018-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Interrupteur servant à court-circuiter un module d'un convertisseur multi-étage et procédé permettant de court-circuiter le module
US9906017B2 (en) 2014-06-03 2018-02-27 Ripd Research And Ip Development Ltd. Modular overvoltage protection units
US10319545B2 (en) 2016-11-30 2019-06-11 Iskra Za{hacek over (s)}{hacek over (c)}ite d.o.o. Surge protective device modules and DIN rail device systems including same
US10340110B2 (en) 2017-05-12 2019-07-02 Raycap IP Development Ltd Surge protective device modules including integral thermal disconnect mechanisms and methods including same
US10447026B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2019-10-15 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Devices for active overvoltage protection
US10685767B2 (en) 2017-09-14 2020-06-16 Raycap IP Development Ltd Surge protective device modules and systems including same
US10707678B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2020-07-07 Ripd Research And Ip Development Ltd. Overvoltage protection device including multiple varistor wafers
US11223200B2 (en) 2018-07-26 2022-01-11 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Surge protective devices, circuits, modules and systems including same
US11723145B2 (en) 2021-09-20 2023-08-08 Raycap IP Development Ltd PCB-mountable surge protective device modules and SPD circuit systems and methods including same
US11862967B2 (en) 2021-09-13 2024-01-02 Raycap, S.A. Surge protective device assembly modules
EP4339989A1 (fr) * 2022-09-14 2024-03-20 RIPD IP Development Ltd Ensembles de protection électrique et dispositifs de protection contre les surtensions
US11990745B2 (en) 2022-01-12 2024-05-21 Raycap IP Development Ltd Methods and systems for remote monitoring of surge protective devices

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1105378A (fr) * 1953-07-23 1955-11-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Intervalle d'éclatement pré-ionisé notamment pour parafoudres
DE4235329A1 (de) * 1992-10-20 1994-04-21 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Kurzschlußeinrichtung, insbesondere zum Löschen von Störlichtbögen in Niederspannungs-Schaltanlagen zur Verteilung elektrischer Energie, Anordnung und Verwendung hierfür
DE9419141U1 (de) * 1994-11-29 1996-03-28 Klöckner-Moeller GmbH, 53115 Bonn Kurzschließer zum Löschen von Störlichtbögen zur Verwendung in Schaltanlagen
DE19746815A1 (de) * 1997-10-23 1999-04-29 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Kurzschließer, insbesondere für eine Störlichtbogen-Schutzvorrichtung zur Verwendung in Anlagen zur Verteilung elektrischer Energie
DE19856939A1 (de) * 1998-12-10 2000-06-15 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Schaltungsanordnung zum Schutz von elektrischen Installationen gegen Überspannungsereignisse

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1105378A (fr) * 1953-07-23 1955-11-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Intervalle d'éclatement pré-ionisé notamment pour parafoudres
DE4235329A1 (de) * 1992-10-20 1994-04-21 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Kurzschlußeinrichtung, insbesondere zum Löschen von Störlichtbögen in Niederspannungs-Schaltanlagen zur Verteilung elektrischer Energie, Anordnung und Verwendung hierfür
DE9419141U1 (de) * 1994-11-29 1996-03-28 Klöckner-Moeller GmbH, 53115 Bonn Kurzschließer zum Löschen von Störlichtbögen zur Verwendung in Schaltanlagen
DE19746815A1 (de) * 1997-10-23 1999-04-29 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Kurzschließer, insbesondere für eine Störlichtbogen-Schutzvorrichtung zur Verwendung in Anlagen zur Verteilung elektrischer Energie
DE19856939A1 (de) * 1998-12-10 2000-06-15 Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg Schaltungsanordnung zum Schutz von elektrischen Installationen gegen Überspannungsereignisse

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013014167A1 (fr) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-31 Epcos Ag Dispositif électrique de protection contre les surtensions comportant trois électrodes
CN104272539A (zh) * 2012-03-26 2015-01-07 德恩及索恩两合股份有限公司 用于电子装置、尤其是用于过电压放电器的故障指示装置
CN104272539B (zh) * 2012-03-26 2016-08-24 德恩及索恩两合股份有限公司 用于电子装置的故障指示装置
EP2677524A1 (fr) * 2012-06-19 2013-12-25 Raycap Corporation Dispositifs de protection contre les surtensions comprenant une varistance et un élément fusible conducteur électrique
WO2013190338A1 (fr) * 2012-06-19 2013-12-27 Raycap Corporation Dispositifs de protection contre les surtensions comportant un élément varistor et un élément fusible électroconducteur
US8743525B2 (en) 2012-06-19 2014-06-03 Raycap Intellectual Property, Ltd Overvoltage protection devices including wafer of varistor material
US9906017B2 (en) 2014-06-03 2018-02-27 Ripd Research And Ip Development Ltd. Modular overvoltage protection units
US10340688B2 (en) 2014-06-03 2019-07-02 Ripd Ip Assets Ltd Modular overvoltage protection units
WO2018019384A1 (fr) * 2016-07-29 2018-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Interrupteur servant à court-circuiter un module d'un convertisseur multi-étage et procédé permettant de court-circuiter le module
US10734176B2 (en) 2016-11-30 2020-08-04 Raycap, Surge Protective Devices, Ltd. Surge protective device modules and DIN rail device systems including same
US10319545B2 (en) 2016-11-30 2019-06-11 Iskra Za{hacek over (s)}{hacek over (c)}ite d.o.o. Surge protective device modules and DIN rail device systems including same
US11374396B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2022-06-28 Ripd Research And Ip Development Ltd. Devices for active overvoltage protection
US10707678B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2020-07-07 Ripd Research And Ip Development Ltd. Overvoltage protection device including multiple varistor wafers
US10447026B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2019-10-15 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Devices for active overvoltage protection
US11165246B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2021-11-02 Ripd Research And Ip Development Ltd. Overvoltage protection device including multiple varistor wafers
US11881704B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2024-01-23 Ripd Research And Ip Development Ltd. Devices for active overvoltage protection including varistors and thyristors
US10679814B2 (en) 2017-05-12 2020-06-09 Raycap IP Development Ltd Surge protective device modules including integral thermal disconnect mechanisms and methods including same
US10340110B2 (en) 2017-05-12 2019-07-02 Raycap IP Development Ltd Surge protective device modules including integral thermal disconnect mechanisms and methods including same
US10685767B2 (en) 2017-09-14 2020-06-16 Raycap IP Development Ltd Surge protective device modules and systems including same
US11223200B2 (en) 2018-07-26 2022-01-11 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Surge protective devices, circuits, modules and systems including same
US11862967B2 (en) 2021-09-13 2024-01-02 Raycap, S.A. Surge protective device assembly modules
US11723145B2 (en) 2021-09-20 2023-08-08 Raycap IP Development Ltd PCB-mountable surge protective device modules and SPD circuit systems and methods including same
US11990745B2 (en) 2022-01-12 2024-05-21 Raycap IP Development Ltd Methods and systems for remote monitoring of surge protective devices
EP4339989A1 (fr) * 2022-09-14 2024-03-20 RIPD IP Development Ltd Ensembles de protection électrique et dispositifs de protection contre les surtensions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2300666T3 (es) 2008-06-16
DE502004005936D1 (de) 2008-03-06
EP1458072B1 (fr) 2008-01-16
ATE384349T1 (de) 2008-02-15

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