EP1457617B1 - A grid structure - Google Patents
A grid structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1457617B1 EP1457617B1 EP03005725A EP03005725A EP1457617B1 EP 1457617 B1 EP1457617 B1 EP 1457617B1 EP 03005725 A EP03005725 A EP 03005725A EP 03005725 A EP03005725 A EP 03005725A EP 1457617 B1 EP1457617 B1 EP 1457617B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- elongate
- another
- diameter
- aperture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/42—Gratings; Grid-like panels
- E04C2/421—Gratings; Grid-like panels made of bar-like elements, e.g. bars discontinuous in one direction
- E04C2/422—Gratings; Grid-like panels made of bar-like elements, e.g. bars discontinuous in one direction with continuous bars connecting at crossing points of the grid pattern
- E04C2/425—Gratings; Grid-like panels made of bar-like elements, e.g. bars discontinuous in one direction with continuous bars connecting at crossing points of the grid pattern made of perforated bars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D47/00—Making rigid structural elements or units, e.g. honeycomb structures
- B21D47/005—Making gratings
Definitions
- an inner dimension of the or of each collar is dimensioned with respect to an outer dimension of the second element so as to provide a frictional fit of the two elements.
- the first elongate element is tubular with a substantially circular, elliptical or ovoid cross-section.
- the second elongate element may also be tubular with a substantially circular or oval cross-section.
- a grid structure 1 comprises a plurality of first elongate, tubular elements 2 arranged in parallel in a spaced relationship with respect to one another and a plurality of second elongate elements 3, which are also arranged in parallel in a spaced relationship with respect to one another.
- the first and second elements 2 and 3 are connected together at each intersection 4 of the structure 1 via a connection assembly 5 as will now be described with reference to Figs. 2 to 5 .
- an aperture 11 is drilled into the tubular structure of the first element 2, as shown in Fig. 7 , for example using flow drill technology.
- the diameter D2 of the aperture 11 is made less than the diameter D3 of the required receiving opening 6 and is typically less than the diameter d2 of the second element 3.
- a punch is then used to deform the periphery of the aperture 11 so that it is folded inwards into the tubular structure of the first element 2 to form the inwardly protruding collar 7 and to increase the diameter of the aperture 11 to a required diameter D3.
- the high speed drill heats the metal around the hole so that it can be readily deformed inwardly by a subsequent punching operation to form the collar 7.
- the shape of the aperture 11 and the cross-sectional shape of the punch should be similar to that of the second element 3, and typically are either circular or elliptical.
- the inwardly protruding collars 7 strengthen the grid structure, reduce bulging and make it more rigid so that it provides a stronger support casing for the thin-walled inner container.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a grid structure in which two elongate elements are connected at an intersection. Such structures can be used in various commercial applications but have particular relevance to pallet containers wherein an inner plastic container suitable for transporting liquid substances is enclosed by an outer supporting container comprising such grid structures.
- When used industrially, such pallet containers have to pass governmental approval inspections and fulfill certain criteria. For example, the filled pallet containers have to undergo interior pressure tests and drop tests from specific heights, which are also conducted at extremely low temperatures. The worst case drop is a diagonal drop onto the lower front wall of the pallet container where the bottom valve from the inner plastic receptacle is located.
- Another important criterion for governmental approval is the so-called vibration test. To simulate transport vibrations by road or rail the filled pallet containers have to undergo low frequency vibrations for a certain amount of time.
-
EP-A-0 916 777 discloses a grid structure according to the preamble of claim 1. - European patent
EP-A-0 916 777 discloses a grid structure with a connection assembly wherein first and second elongated elements are connected by providing a receiving opening in the first element through which the second element is passed, the two elements then being connected to one another at one or more positions in the region of their intersection. - It has been found that an outer pallet container made from a grid structure with such connection assemblies can suffer problems when subjected to the aforementioned tests.
- In the drop test, the inner plastic receptacle tends to become displaced relative to the bottom pallet and as a result of the kinetic energy generated in impact, especially at the front impact wall and the adjacent lateral surrounding areas, the hollow bars of the grid structure tend to be severely deformed. This is especially true at the cross connections of the grid structure, as the elongate element with the receiving opening is more vulnerable. The thin-walled plastic receptacle can be damaged by the deformed and buckled receiving opening.
- In the vibration test, because the tubes of the grid structure are submitted continuously to dynamic displacement forces, in time the hollow tubes or welds tend to break and can damage the thin-walled inner receptacle.
- It is an object of the present invention to provide a grid structure which overcomes or substantially mitigates the aforementioned problems when applied to use in a grid structure for a pallet container of the type described.
- According to the present invention there is provided a grid structure comprising a plurality of first elongate, tubular elements arranged in parallel and in a spaced relationship with respect to one another, a plurality of second elongate elements arranged in parallel and in a spaced relationship with respect to one another, the first and second elements intersecting and being connected in the field of the grid to one another by means of at least one connection assembly comprising said first and second elongate elements connected to one another at an intersection, the first element comprising a tube and defining two aligned receiving openings through which the second element is passed, and wherein the portions of the first element defining the peripheries of the receiving openings protrudes inwards into the tube to define two collars surrounding the second element.
- Preferably, an inner dimension of the or of each collar is dimensioned with respect to an outer dimension of the second element so as to provide a frictional fit of the two elements.
- Typically during manufacture, the first element is drilled to define the receiving opening, the diameter of the drilled aperture being less than the diameter of the second elongate element. Thereafter, the drilled aperture is preferably punched to deform the periphery of the aperture so that it is folded inwards into the tube to form the collar and to increase the diameter of the aperture to that of the receiving opening.
- In some embodiments, the inner surface of the first element is provided with at least one ridge, the apex of which lies close to or contacts the outer surface of the second element, at which position or positions the first and second elongate elements may be connected to one another. Where the first and second elongate elements are made of metal they may be connected to one another at said one or more positions by welding. Alternatively, if the first and second elongate elements are made of a plastics material, they may be connected to one another by ultrasonic welding, induction welding or melt bonding.
- Preferably, the first elongate element is tubular with a substantially circular, elliptical or ovoid cross-section. The second elongate element may also be tubular with a substantially circular or oval cross-section.
- Preferably also, the diameter of the second element is smaller by between 20% to 30% than the diameter of the first element.
- The various aspects of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:-
-
Fig. 1 is a grid structure in accordance with the present invention and comprising intersections formed by connection assemblies in accordance with the present invention; -
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-section through a first elongate element of each connection assembly shown inFig. 1 ; -
Fig. 3 is a transverse cross-section along the lines III-III inFig. 2 ; -
Fig. 4 is a view similar to that shown inFig. 2 but showing a second elongate element intersecting the first elongate element; -
Fig. 5 is transverse cross-sectional view along the line V-V inFig. 4 ; -
Fig. 6 is a view similar toFig. 5 but of a T-intersection wherein the second elongate element terminates at its intersection with the first elongate element. Such a T-intersection can be used at the edge of a grid structure according to the present invention; -
Fig. 7 is a view of the first elongate element similar toFig. 3 but after a first stage during its manufacture; -
Fig. 8 is a view similar toFig. 4 but showing how the second elongate element can bend out of an alignment perpendicular to the first elongate element; -
Fig. 9 is a view similar toFig. 3 but of a first elongate element forming part of the prior art; and -
Fig. 10 is a view similar toFig. 8 but of a prior art connection assembly. - In the following description, the same numerals are used to refer to those components of the embodiments described which are the same or have the same function as one another.
- As shown in
Fig. 1 , a grid structure 1 comprises a plurality of first elongate,tubular elements 2 arranged in parallel in a spaced relationship with respect to one another and a plurality of secondelongate elements 3, which are also arranged in parallel in a spaced relationship with respect to one another. The first andsecond elements connection assembly 5 as will now be described with reference toFigs. 2 to 5 . - At each intersection 4, the first
tubular element 2 defines two alignedreceiving openings 6 through which thesecond element 3 is passed. The portion of thefirst element 2 defining the periphery of each opening 6 protrudes inwards into the interior of the tube to define acollar 7 that surrounds thesecond element 3. It will be appreciated that the diameter d2 of thesecond element 3 is smaller than the diameter d1 of thefirst element 2, preferably by between 20% to 30%. For example, the diameter d1 of thefirst element 2 could be 22 mm and the diameter d2 of thesecond element 3 could be 16 mm. Although the first and second elements, 2 and 3, may both have a circular cross-section, other constructions are possible wherein the cross-sectional shape of one or both of theelements second element 3 has a circular cross-section but thefirst element 2 has a cross sectional shape that is elliptical, d1 being the length of the major axis. Also, whereas thefirst element 2 is always tubular, thesecond element 3 can be either of tubular or of solid construction. - It will be appreciated that at all of the intersections 4 shown in
Fig. 1 and inFigs. 2 to 5 , the first andsecond elements openings 6 are required in the tubular structure of thefirst element 2 to permit thesecond element 3 to pass completely therethrough. However, it will be appreciated that at the ends of thesecond elements 3, T-shaped intersections 8 can be formed wherein thefirst element 2 is only provided with one receivingopening 6 and thesecond element 3 terminates within the tubular structure of thefirst element 2 after passing through thesingle opening 6. Such an arrangement is shown inFig. 6 . - In a preferred embodiment at each crossing intersection 4 or T-
intersection 8, the inner dimension of the receivingopening 6 formed in thefirst element 2 is sized with respect to the outer dimension of thesecond element 2 such that there is no play between thecollar 7 and thesecond element 2. Here, thesecond element 2 is then inserted through theopening 6 under the application of force to overcome friction between the outer surface of thesecond element 2 and the inner face of thecollar 7. In this manner a non-positive frictional fit is established between the first andsecond elements elements - As also shown in
Figs. 2 to 6 , thefirst element 2 may comprise an inner ridge 9, the apex of which is arranged to lie close to or to contact the outer surface of thesecond element 2 at a position P1. Although not illustrated, a second, identical ridge could also be provided on the opposite side of thefirst element 2. The ridge 9 can be formed when making theelement 2 by externally applying pressure to form a longitudinal crease orindentation 10. Alternatively, theindentation 10 could be formed only in the regions of the intersections 4 of the twoelements element 2 tube would remain substantially circular or elliptical, without any significantexternal indentation 10 being visible. - As the first and
second elements second element 3, the twoelements metallic elements elements - The
openings 6 in thefirst element 2 can be made by drilling and punching operations as will now be described. - First, an
aperture 11 is drilled into the tubular structure of thefirst element 2, as shown inFig. 7 , for example using flow drill technology. The diameter D2 of theaperture 11 is made less than the diameter D3 of the required receivingopening 6 and is typically less than the diameter d2 of thesecond element 3. A punch is then used to deform the periphery of theaperture 11 so that it is folded inwards into the tubular structure of thefirst element 2 to form the inwardly protrudingcollar 7 and to increase the diameter of theaperture 11 to a required diameter D3. If flow drill technology is used, then the high speed drill heats the metal around the hole so that it can be readily deformed inwardly by a subsequent punching operation to form thecollar 7. It will be appreciated that the shape of theaperture 11 and the cross-sectional shape of the punch should be similar to that of thesecond element 3, and typically are either circular or elliptical. - If a direct comparison is made with a similarly sized and shaped
first element 12 of a prior art arrangement as shown inFig. 9 , wherein the periphery of the aperture is not folded inwards and is simply drilled to provide anaperture 13 of a required diameter D1, it can be seen that although D1 and D3 are the same, theprior art element 12 has had much more material removed from its structure to provide the receiving opening. However, the other dimensions of theelement 12 remain the same as theelement 2, namely the distances x1 and x3 between the outer edge of theindentation 10 and the adjacent edge of theaperture 6 are equal, as are the distances x2 and x4, which comprise the length between the opposite edge of theelement 2 and the opposite edge of theaperture 6. - The fact that in less material has been removed from the
first element 2 to provide the receivingopenings 6 in the present invention than in the prior art arrangement has the advantageous effect that the area around the receivingopening 6 is strengthened. When used in pallet container, during a drop test or in an actual accident situation, the grid structure 1 on the drop side tends to be bent outwards as a result of the weight of the inner of the lower container. This can cause the first andsecond elements collar 7 into the structure of theelement 2 prevents pointed bends, which could puncture the inner container, from being formed. Also, in the prior art arrangement the area around each receiving aperture is the weakest portion of theelement 12 and if theelement 12 breaks or cracks on impact, then sharp points can be created which can also puncture the inner container. However, thecollar 7 of the present invention reduces the likelihood of breakage of both the first andsecond elements 2 at the intersections 4 for two reasons. First, if thesecond element 3 is pushed out of an alignment perpendicular to thefirst element 2, as shown inFig. 8 , then thecollar 7 supports thesecond element 3 and provides a smooth pivot surface about which thesecond element 3 can bend rather than the sharp 'knife edge' pivot points provided by the rim of theaperture 13 of theelement 12 of the prior art arrangement, as shown inFig. 10 . This means that thesecond element 3 of the present invention is more likely to bend than break. In addition, the present invention permits the secondelongate element 3 to deform to a greater angle β1 than the angle α1 of the prior art arrangement. Also, eachcollar 7 spreads the dynamic forces which occur between the first and secondelongate elements elements - It will also be appreciated that the provision of the
collar 7 strengthens thefirst element 2 and it is also less likely to crack or fracture in the region of theaperture 6. - In a pallet container, when the inner container is filled, it tends to bulge outwards and apply pressure to the grid structure of the outer container, which in turn will also tend to bulge or deform outwards. However, in the present invention the inwardly protruding
collars 7 strengthen the grid structure, reduce bulging and make it more rigid so that it provides a stronger support casing for the thin-walled inner container. - During vibration testing and normal handling, the first and second elongate elements bend inwards and outwards owing to the vibrations applied thereto and the present invention again reduces the likelihood of stress cracking and stress fractures occurring for the same reasons as indicated above.
- Hence, the present invention provides a grid structure which is more able to withstand the strains and stresses imposed on it during testing and use than prior arrangements. When used in an outer container of a pallet container, the present invention therefore provides a greater security to the carried load.
Claims (12)
- A grid structure (1) comprising a plurality of first elongate, tubular elements (2) arranged in parallel and in a spaced relationship with respect to one another, a plurality of second elongate elements (3) arranged in parallel and in a spaced relationship with respect to one another, the first and second elements (2, 3) intersecting and being connected in the field of the grid to one another by means of at least one connection assembly (5) comprising said first and second elongate elements (2, 3) connected to one another at an intersection (4), the first element (2) comprising a tube and defining two aligned receiving openings (6) through which the second element (3) is passed, and
characterised in that:the portions of the first element (2) defining the peripheries of both of the receiving openings (6) protrude inwards into the tube to define two collars (7) surrounding the second element (3). - A structure (1) as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that an inner dimension of the or of each collar (7) is dimensioned with respect to an outer dimension of the second element (3) so as to provide a frictional fit of the two elements (2, 3).
- A structure (1) as claimed in either of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the first element has been drilled to define the receiving opening (6), the diameter (D2) of the drilled aperture (11) being less than the diameter (d2) of the second elongate element (3).
- A structure (1) as claimed in Claim 3, characterised in that the drilled aperture (11) was punched to deform the periphery of the aperture (11) so that it is folded inwards into the tube to form the collar (7) and to increase the diameter (D2) of the aperture (11) to that (D3) of the receiving opening (6).
- A structure (1) as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the inner surface of the first element (2) is provided with at least one ridge (9), the apex of which lies close to or contacts the outer surface of the second element (3) at a position (P1).
- A structure (1) as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the first and second elongate elements (2, 3) are connected to one another at one or more positions (P1) in the region of their intersection (4).
- A structure (1) as claimed in Claim 6 when dependent on Claim 5, characterised in that a connection position (P1) is formed where the outer surface of the second element (3) lies opposed to the inner surface of the first element (2) at the apex of the ridge (9).
- A structure (1) as claimed in Claim 6 or Claim 7, characterised in that the first and second elongate elements (2, 3) are made of metal and are connected to one another at said one or more positions (P1) by welding.
- A structure (1) as claimed in Claim 6 or Claim 7, characterised in that the first and second elongate elements (2, 3) are made of a plastics material and are connected at said one or more positions (P1) by ultrasonic welding, induction welding or melt bonding.
- A structure (1) as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the first elongate element (2) is tubular with a substantially circular, elliptical or ovoid cross-section.
- A structure (1) as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the second elongate element (3) is tubular with a substantially circular or oval cross-section.
- A structure (1) as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the diameter (d2) of the second element (3) is smaller by between 20% to 30% than the diameter (d1) of the first element (2).
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03005725A EP1457617B1 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | A grid structure |
AT03005725T ATE395478T1 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | A GRID STRUCTURE |
DE60320929T DE60320929D1 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | A grid structure |
ES03005725T ES2307844T3 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | Lattice structure. |
US10/800,391 US20050001129A1 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-12 | Connection assembly for a grid structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03005725A EP1457617B1 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | A grid structure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1457617A1 EP1457617A1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
EP1457617B1 true EP1457617B1 (en) | 2008-05-14 |
Family
ID=32748882
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03005725A Expired - Lifetime EP1457617B1 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | A grid structure |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050001129A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1457617B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE395478T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60320929D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2307844T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2892649B1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2008-01-18 | Primet Sarl Ets | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING BRAIDED METAL STRUCTURES AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED BY THE PROCESS |
US8403284B2 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2013-03-26 | Jon Korbonski | Pallet assembly |
US20170321964A1 (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2017-11-09 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | High temperature ceramic support rack |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US548998A (en) * | 1895-10-29 | Tubular-rail joint | ||
US2067945A (en) * | 1935-06-10 | 1937-01-19 | Herman J Peters | Method of forming tube connections |
US3068026A (en) * | 1958-06-13 | 1962-12-11 | Gen Motors Corp | Cryogenic fluid transfer line coupling |
US3068029A (en) * | 1959-12-21 | 1962-12-11 | Schwartz Metal Company Inc | Structural assembly |
US3429033A (en) * | 1965-02-19 | 1969-02-25 | Rca Corp | Method of securing a rod to a supporting structure |
US3344370A (en) * | 1965-06-03 | 1967-09-26 | Dielectric Products Engineerin | Coaxial transmission lines |
US4202484A (en) * | 1978-11-20 | 1980-05-13 | Conoco, Inc. | Compression prestressed weld joints |
CA1146092A (en) * | 1979-10-11 | 1983-05-10 | Terence B.F. Cottrell | Non-welded discharge electrode |
FR2472072A1 (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-06-26 | Gubri Sa Ets L | Sectional light metal ladder - has tubes formed from shaped thin metallic strips fastened by folding |
US4776719A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1988-10-11 | Kreider Jeff A | Tubular structural system |
US5517744A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-05-21 | Cosco, Inc. | Press-fit tube-connection system |
FR2757788B1 (en) * | 1996-12-31 | 1999-03-12 | Vallourec Vitry | PROCESS FOR THE CROSS-MOUNTING OF A CYLINDRICAL PART IN A TUBULAR PART, TOOLS SPECIFIC TO ITS IMPLEMENTATION, AND SET OF TWO CORRESPONDING PARTS |
DE69719036T2 (en) | 1997-11-04 | 2003-11-27 | Leer Koninklijke Emballage | connection assembly |
US6758360B2 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2004-07-06 | Royal Packaging Industry Leer N.V. | Pallet container with grid support structure |
US6688803B2 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2004-02-10 | Royal Packaging Industries Van Leer N.V. | Connection assembly |
-
2003
- 2003-03-13 EP EP03005725A patent/EP1457617B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-13 DE DE60320929T patent/DE60320929D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-13 ES ES03005725T patent/ES2307844T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-13 AT AT03005725T patent/ATE395478T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-03-12 US US10/800,391 patent/US20050001129A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE395478T1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
ES2307844T3 (en) | 2008-12-01 |
DE60320929D1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
EP1457617A1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
US20050001129A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6457570B2 (en) | Rectangular bursting energy absorber | |
US6308809B1 (en) | Crash attenuation system | |
US8286765B2 (en) | Vehicle structural element serving to absorb certain shocks by plastic deformation | |
KR101526302B1 (en) | Pallet container | |
KR100349811B1 (en) | Dual skin composite panel and manufacturing method thereof | |
EP3071491A1 (en) | Container end closure with a score feature | |
US6758360B2 (en) | Pallet container with grid support structure | |
JP4562677B2 (en) | Welded structure closed section frame | |
EP1457617B1 (en) | A grid structure | |
US7140490B2 (en) | Pallet container | |
EP0916592B1 (en) | Pallet container with grid support structure | |
US6688803B2 (en) | Connection assembly | |
CA2409852C (en) | Pallet container | |
KR100776772B1 (en) | Pallet container | |
EP0040277B1 (en) | Easy-open can cap with a ring pull tab | |
EP3792199A1 (en) | Tank-type container and end frame structure thereof | |
US7231745B1 (en) | Truss structure, structural members thereof, and a method of manufacture therefor | |
JP4006848B2 (en) | Suspension link | |
JP5031643B2 (en) | Cross member and cross member unit manufacturing method | |
JP2001010421A (en) | Vehicle bumper device | |
JP2015511913A (en) | Pallet container | |
EP0916777B1 (en) | A connection assembly | |
JP4993520B2 (en) | Welded structure closed section frame | |
IL153019A (en) | Pallet container | |
JP3223453B2 (en) | Easy open can lid |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20050315 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20070316 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: A GRID STRUCTURE |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 60320929 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20080626 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080514 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080514 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080514 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2307844 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: GREIF INTERNATIONAL HOLDING BV. |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080514 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20081014 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080814 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080514 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080514 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20090217 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080814 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080514 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090331 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090331 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090313 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080815 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090313 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20081115 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080514 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20120322 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20120426 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20130328 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20130529 Year of fee payment: 11 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20130430 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20130322 Year of fee payment: 11 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20130422 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080514 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 60320929 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: V1 Effective date: 20141001 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20140313 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20141128 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 60320929 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20141001 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20141001 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140331 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140313 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20141001 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140313 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20150504 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140314 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140331 |