EP1456597B1 - Trigger device for a rapid fire handgun - Google Patents

Abstract

Automatic firearms and safety mechanisms for automatic firearms are disclosed. In an illustrated example, a disclosed firearm includes a breech mounted for movement between a fired position and a cocked position, a breech catch having an inoperative position and a locked position, and a sear arm mounted to the breech catch. The disclosed firearm also includes a safety to permit at least one of the sear arm and the breech catch to move out of a motion path of the breech when the breech moves from the fired position toward the cocked position, but to maintain the sear arm in engagement with the breech when the breech is in the cocked position and the firearm is dropped

Description

The invention relates to a trigger device for a rapid-fire handgun, with a pivotable against the force of a spring from a rest position into a trigger position deduction, which acts on a pivotable catch lever.

If in these documents location labels, such as "top", "front" o. The like. Be mentioned, then it is assumed that the gun in a normal attack, firing horizontally to "front" 11.

There were the US 4,133,128 (Basis for claim 1), DE-OS 1 428 772 and EP 0 204 691 A2 known.

Rapid firearms, such as submachine guns or machine guns, which are only designed to deliver sustained fire, have a fairly simple trigger mechanism, of which a representative example is described below:

Below the path of movement of the closure is a handle in which a trigger is pivotally mounted. The transverse pivot axis is located above the trigger, so that the rear, upper part when pressing the trigger travels a curved path upwards. This rear, upper part of the trigger acts on the front end of a catch lever, which in turn is pivotally mounted about a transverse axis, in the weapon housing or in the handle. The rear end of the catch lever is designed as a sear. When the trigger is pressed by a trigger spring to its rest position, then moves the front end of the catch lever to the bottom, and therefore the siphon upwards. This position of the deduction stud is the locking position.

The catch lever is usually cushioned by its own spring and is pressed by this in a locking position. Now, if the closure is withdrawn from its front rest position, then he moves the sear and thus the rear end of the catch lever down, while at least partially runs over the sear. If a detent lug formed on the underside of the closure has passed over the sear, it will snap up and underlie the detent lug. The weapon is now excited and ready to fire.

If the trigger is actuated, then the sear is lowered until it releases the lug, the lock is released and the gun starts with continuous fire. If the trigger is released, then the sear returns to the top, behind the latching lugs and keeps the shutter in its fire ready position (rear position). The sustained fire breaks off.

As a backup, usually only a trigger guard is used, although precludes the unintentional actuation of the trigger, but not a yielding of Abzugsstollens due to inertial forces, for example, when the loaded, tensioned and deducted machine gun falls from a truck.

Although it could be set to secure the catch lever, but this has the disadvantage that the closure is jammed over the catch lever when it is withdrawn with a secured weapon, because he can not escape.

Now it is useful to secure the weapon just when an extraordinary situation occurs. Such exceptional situation may be for an inexperienced shooters already an empty magazine or the end of the cartridge belt when the shutter is in front. But especially when jamming the attention of the shooter is fully used, so that a faulty operation of operating devices can quite occur. Especially when a jam is to be so far withdrawn as the first measure of the closure that the sear is incident in the locking lugs, so that not about stuck closure comes free, runs forward and unintentionally triggers a shot.

At least in training and on the shooting range, it is also desirable that the lock be withdrawn with the weapon secured, and that the fire readiness be established only immediately prior to firing. But this is so far only possible with deductions.

Based on this problem, the invention has the object, a firearm of the above type with simple means in that a backup is possible without about inertia forces can bring the catch lever out of engagement with the shutter. But it should always be possible to retract the closure.

The catch lever should thus be immobile when exposed to inertial forces, but can escape the retracted closure, and this with simple means.

To solve this problem, the firearm mentioned above is formed in the following manner:

• der Abzugsstollen (37) an einer Fangklinke (33) ausgebildet ist, die am Fanghebel (21) aus einer Arretierlage gegen die Kraft einer Feder (35) in eine unwirksame Lage schwenkbar angebracht ist, in der sie nicht in den Bewegungsweg des Verschlusses (3) eingreift,
• die in den Bewegungsweg des Verschlusses (3) eingreifende Fangklinke (33) durch den Verschluß (3) in ihre Arretierlage drückbar ist, und
• die Sicherungseinrichtung (47-55) dazu eingerichtet ist, auch den Fanghebel (21) festzulegen,

und wobei

• am Abzug (9) eine abgefederte Auslöseklinke (43) angebracht ist, die in dessen Ruhelage den Fanghebel (21) erst durch Auflaufen des Verschlusses (3) in seine wirksame Lage verbringt (Anspruch 1).

Discharge device for a rapid-fire handgun, with a against the force of a spring (13) from a rest position in a trigger position pivotable trigger (9) which acts on a pivotable catch lever (21) having a in Having the path of movement of the closure (3) engaging sear (37), with a preferred deduction (9) in its rest position optionally defining securing means (47-55), wherein

• the sear (37) is formed on a sear (33) which is pivotally mounted on the catch (21) from a locking position against the force of a spring (35) in an inoperative position in which it is not in the path of movement of the closure (3 ) intervenes,
• in the movement path of the closure (3) engaging squeezing pawl (33) can be pressed by the closure (3) in its locking position, and
• the securing device (47-55) is set up to also fix the catching lever (21),

and where

• on the trigger (9) a sprung release pawl (43) is mounted, which in its rest position the catch lever (21) only by running the shutter (3) spends in its operative position (claim 1).

The pawl has a low mass, and the mass forces that can be effective when dropped, are therefore smaller than the spring force of the spring that loads the pawl. In addition, the shutter holds the pawl in the locking position, wherein the closing spring, which acts on the closure, causes the hold.

In this simplest embodiment of the invention, only the trigger acts on the catch lever. If the trigger is only slightly released when the machine gun fires, then the shutter strikes, upon its forward movement after its return, on the edge of the sear and can thereby push the sear out of the path of movement of the shutter. The precise delivery of a single shot or short burst of fire is not possible, because you always have to expect that one or two shot to follow unintentionally.

• daß die Sicherungseinrichtung eine in den Bewegungsweg der Fangklinke bewegbare Kante aufweist, und
• daß die Fangklinke und ihre Feder derart ausgebildet sind, daß bei Freigabe des Fanghebels die Fangklinke vor der Kante ausweicht, und die Kante in wirksamer Lage des Fanghebels dann diesen und die Fangklinke festlegt (Anspruch 2).

This problem can be alleviated by proper training by teaching the soldier to release the trigger very quickly. However, this is not a solution. In contrast, the invention proposes

• in that the securing device has an edge movable in the path of movement of the squeezing pawl, and
• that the sling pawl and its spring are designed such that upon release of the catch lever, the squeegee escapes from the edge, and the edge in effective position of the catch lever then this and the squeezing pawl determines (claim 2).

The release latch holds the catch lever (with released trigger) in an inoperative position until the shutter runs back and actuates the release latch, which in turn releases the catch lever. The catch lever now snaps into its operative position. Since the spring of the catch lever is stronger than the spring of the sear, the satchel dodges the closure until it can invade the detent lugs. The catch is namely pivotally mounted, wherein the storage is carried out on a transverse axis, which passes through the sear between sear and other end. This transverse axis is fixed in the catch lever. As the detent lugs recede in a counterclockwise motion, the other end of the sear latches counterclockwise as well. At the same time, said other end of the squeezing pawl protrudes below said edge of the securing device. As the catch lever continues to pivot, the sling pawl is further raised and pivots back over that edge as the sear engages the detent lugs.

The shutter now presses the sear against the catch lever, since the direction of the force acting on the sear over the pivot axis of the catch lever and over the pivot axis of the sear and thus both elements are pivoted in the same direction to the shutter.

When a mass force acts on the catch lever and tries to move it against the spring force, then also moves the sling pawl and strikes with its bottom (on the same side of the transverse axis as the sear) on said edge. The catch lever is thus not fixed directly, but indirectly.

A backward movement of the closure, however, is possible, since then the squeezing pawl simply folds away. The edge is arranged so that the folding away of the sear just barely possible. The arrangement and training of catch lever, sear and movable edge, based on the handle, must therefore be done quite accurately. However, since quite a few tolerances add up, this is easily possible without any manual reworking being required.

The safety device could basically be any conventional type of fuse, for. B. a sliding safety or a push button fuse. It is particularly advantageous, however, that the securing device has a transverse, rotatable securing roller, on which a recess is formed, whose side wall forms the said edge together with the circumference of the securing roller (claim 3). Such a backup roller has the advantage of passing through the handle transversely, so that on each of the ends and outside of the handle, an operating handle or safety lever can be attached. This right and left securing handle each has the same assignment to the trigger and can be used as well for right-handers as for left-handers in the same way.

• daß die Sicherungswalze eine Rastvertiefung aufweist,
• ein Sicherungsbolzen vorgesehen ist, der in der Feuerlage der Sicherungswalze in die Rastvertiefung einfällt, und
• der Sicherungsbolzen in den Weg des Abzugs eingreift und diesen festlegt, wenn sich die Sicherungswalze in der Sicherungslage befindet und der Sicherungsbolzen nicht in die Rastvertiefung eingreift (Anspruch 4).

Advantageously, the withdrawal device can be further developed by

• that the securing roller has a latching recess,
• a safety bolt is provided which is incident in the fire position of the backup roller in the detent recess, and
• engages the safety pin in the path of the trigger and this determines when the backup roller is in the backup position and the locking pin does not engage in the locking recess (claim 4).

The optional, additional feature of a deduction safeguard is taken up here and included in the security device. This inclusion is not only possible in a backup roll, but also in a backup of a different kind. When securing a machine gun, it is necessary anyway that this backup is held by a strong snap when the gun is exposed to strong vibrations during the continuous fire , It must be prevented that the weapon unintentionally secures itself during shooting.

The locking pin is therefore further developed according to the invention as a safety pin. The powerful catch is therefore further developed as a trigger guard, which automatically turns on when and as long as the backup roller is moved to the safe position. For this purpose, the deduction is slightly modified. On the trigger namely a training is provided, which dips when operating the trigger in the path of movement of the locking bolt (claim 5). Since the trigger is usually made as a die casting or precision casting anyway, this training can be produced without any additional costs.

Also for the backup position a detent recess is provided in the backup roller, in which the locking pin incident as a locking pin when the weapon secured is how it is common practice. Likewise, stops are provided which limit the rotational movement of the backup roller in each direction of rotation. These stops can also be formed on the outside of the handle and cooperate with the operating levers of the backup roller.

• Fig. 1 ein teilsweise geschnittenes Griffstück eines Maschinengewehrs und den hinteren, unteren Teil des Verschlusses in vorderster Stellung; der sichtbare Abzugsmechanismus ist entsichert, und
• Fig. 2 bis 5 eine Darstellung wie in Fig. 1, jedoch in gesichertem Zustand, wobei der Verschluß von Figur zu Figur weiter nach hinten bewegt ist.

The object of the invention is explained in more detail in the accompanying drawings. These drawings show schematically a non-limiting embodiment. In the drawings show:

• Fig. 1 a partially cut handle of a machine gun and the rear, lower part of the closure in the front position; the visible trigger mechanism is unlocked, and
• Fig. 2 to 5 a representation like in Fig. 1 but in a secured state, the closure being moved further from figure to figure.

Only in Fig. 1 all reference numbers are entered; For the sake of clarity, certain reference numerals are used in the Fig. 2 to 5 omitted. All figures show the same object; the reference numbers are valid for all figures.

In the figures, a handle 1 is shown, over which a shutter 3 is horizontally movable along a central axis 5. The handle is attached to a housing in which a trajectory for the shutter 3 is defined. The housing is not shown for the sake of simplicity.

The handle 1 has at the front of a trigger guard 7, in which a trigger 9 dives from above. The main part of this trigger 9 forms a pointed tip-down triangle near the center its base is penetrated by a transverse withdrawal axis 11. A trigger spring 13 in the form of a two-leg, helical wire spring has two legs, of which the lower spring leg 15 presses the trigger 9 forward. The middle spiral portion of the trigger spring 13 loosely surrounds a transverse pin 17. The upper spring leg 19 of the trigger spring is supported on a catch lever 21.

This catch lever 21 is approximately rectilinear and has two lever arms, namely a front lever arm 23 and a rear lever arm 25. On the rear lever arm 25 is supported from below her.der upper spring leg 19 of the trigger spring 13 from. Under the center of the front lever arm 23 sits a trigger roller 27. This trigger roller 27 is rotatable about a transverse axis which sits in the trigger 9, near the rear of the base of the trigger 9. Between the front 23 and rear lever arm 25 is the catch lever 21 pivotally mounted on a transverse lever axis 29.

The upper spring leg 19 loads the catch lever 21 so that it is pivoted counterclockwise. The lower spring leg 15 loads the trigger 9 so that it is pivoted clockwise. The pivoting directions refer to the representations of the drawings, in which the viewing direction is from the left.

If the trigger 9 is actuated, ie pivoted against the force of the trigger spring 13 in the counterclockwise direction, then the trigger roller 27 raises the front lever arm 23 against the force of turn the trigger spring 13 and the end of the rear lever arm 25 is lowered.

At the rear end of the rear lever arm 25 a pivotable about a cross pin 39 sear 33 is attached. Behind the cross pin, a sear 37 is formed at the top of the sear 33. In front of the cross bolt 39, a forwardly and downwardly extending nose 41 is formed. Between the underside of the rear lever arm 25 and the top of the nose 41 sits a compression spring 35. The compression spring 35 pushes the sear 33 upwards.

When the catch lever 21 is in the rest position, then the sear 37 engages in the movement path of the shutter 3. If this led to the rear end of its path of movement, then seeks a (not shown) closing spring thereafter, the shutter 3 to move forward again in the position that in Fig. 1 is shown. In the process, the closure 3 engages behind the sear 37 with a detent lug 31 formed on its underside and loads it forwards. The force direction of the closure 3 extends above the transverse pin 39 forward and therefore pushes the sear 33 against the catch lever 21 in an end position. The force of the compression spring 35 is supported here. ( Fig. 5 )

The front lever arm 23 is angled at its front end and is doing in a certain operating position, the in Fig. 1 is shown under attack by a release latch 43. This release latch 43 is pivotally mounted about a pin against the force of a pawl spring 45. The pawl spring 45 loads the tripping latch 43 in the counterclockwise direction. The pin is attached near the front part of the base of the trigger in this.

In the in Fig. 1 shown operating position protrudes the free end of the release latch 43 in the path of movement of the shutter 3. In this case, the catch lever 21 is held in an inoperative position when the trigger 9 is released and the shutter 3 is not straight in its rear position. Only when the shutter 3 runs backwards, he runs on the release latch 43 and pivots it in a clockwise direction. The release latch 43 pivots clockwise and gives the catch lever 21 free. This catch lever 21 pivots as a result counterclockwise, so that the sear 37 engage behind the detent lugs 31 of the shutter 3 and can hold this in the rearmost position. Thus, the triggering pawl 43 allows a more controlled shot delivery than if it were missing.

The trip pawl 43 is also a reason why it is not possible to simply set the catch lever 21 in a secured state by a simple, so-called "rod lock". So shows Fig. 1 For example, the condition that the machine gun assumes when the shooter has emptied his cartridge belt with the trigger pulled and then releases the trigger. Now, if the catch lever 21 would be set, then you could indeed retract the lock 3 in the secured state, but the sear 37 could not occur in the detent lugs 31 of the shutter 3. The shutter 3 would simply run forward again.

If the release latch 43 is not present, then would in the position of shutter 3 and 9 trigger the Fig. 1 the front lever arm 23 rest on the release roller 27 of the trigger 9. If the catching lever 21 were now fixed by means of a bar lock, then the closure 3 could be withdrawn, because the catching pawl 33 would dodge against the force of the compression spring 35 and would allow the closure to pass backwards. The trigger 9 would still be free to move. The shooter could thus not even when .Al Lightly actuate the trigger (the so-called "pressure point acceptance") can determine whether it is secured or not.

In the following it will be shown how the invention determines both the catch lever 21 as well as the trigger 9 in a secured state even with a trigger device with release latch 43.

In the rear, upper part of the handle 1 is penetrated by a transverse, rotatable securing roller 47. On one end or both ends of this backup roller 47 sits on the respective outer side of the handle 1 a dashed line indicated securing actuating lever, which is easily accessible from the thumb of the trigger actuated hand.

The backup roller 47 has two defined rotational positions, the fire position and the safe position. The fire location is in Fig. 1 shown. The safe situation is in the Fig. 2 to 5 shown.

The backup roller 47 has on its outer circumference two recesses, a Fangklinkenausnehmung 49 and a Sicherungsbolzenausnehmung 51. Further, in the handle 1 between trigger 9 and backup roller 47, a horizontal securing bolt 53 is mounted, which is horizontally against the force of a securing spring (not shown) to the rear , The securing bolt 53 is formed at its end facing the securing roller 47 as a frustoconical locking head which is incident in the firing position of the securing roller 47 in the securing bolt recess 51 ( Fig. 1 ) and the backup roller 47 holds reliably in the fire position. In the safe-situation ( Fig. 2-5 ), the tip of the locking head falls into a small depression of the outer surface of the securing roller 47. This recess is not visible in the drawing, but is located between the two recesses 49 and 51.

The locking spring is located in a blind bore of the handle. The bottom of this blind hole is formed by a wall in the interior of the handle 1. The trigger 9 in turn has a spur-shaped extension 55 which extends from the center of its rear triangle edge backwards and upwards. If the trigger 9 is actuated, then the free end of this extension 55 moves past the said wall.

The securing bolt 53 passes through the said blind bore and penetrates the bottom thereof, that is to say the above-mentioned wall. In the fire position, in which the securing bolt 53 engages in the deep securing bolt recess 51 of the securing roller, the front end of the securing bolt ends approximately with the surface 9 of the wall facing the trigger 9 (FIG. Fig. 1 ). The trigger 9 can thus be deducted unhindered.

If the securing roller 47 is pivoted into the secure position ( Fig. 2-5 ), then the securing bolt 53 is pushed out of the securing bolt recess 51 (forward). Its front end engages in the pivoting path of the extension 55 of the trigger 9. The trigger 9 can therefore not be operated, at least not to the pressure point.

Is the trigger device in the position of Fig. 1 , Then the catch lever 21 is pivoted by the release latch 43 in an end position in which the nose 41 of the sear 33 against the one side wall of the wedge-shaped Fangklinkenausnehmung 49 runs. By pivoting the securing roller 47 in the safe position, ie counterclockwise (in the drawing), the Fangklinkenausnehmung 49 surrounds the nose 41st

If the closure 3 is now withdrawn ( Fig. 3 ), then the trigger pawl 43 is pivoted clockwise and releases the catch lever 21. This snaps counterclockwise under the action of the powerful trigger spring 13 with the rear lever arm 25 upwards. In this case, the edge of the nose 41 abuts against the other, upper side wall of Fangklinkenausnehmung 49. The nose 41 deviates by the entire catch 33 against the relatively weak force of the compression spring 35 in Clockwise pivots, and runs over the edge of Fangklinkenausnehmung 49 upwards away ( Fig. 4 ).

When the detent lug 31 is above the sear 37, then the sear falls into the detent lug and the nose 41 pivots over the backup roller 47 (FIG. Fig. 5 ). For example, when the weapon falls to the ground from a truck and mass forces seek to pivot the catch 21, the lower surface of the nose 41 abuts against the periphery of the backup roller 47. As a result, the pivoting movement of the sear 33 is prevented and fixed.

If the backup roller 47 is swung back into the fire position, then the trigger 9 and the sear 33 are released again simultaneously.

So a trigger device is created with optimum security and the highest ease of use.

Claims (5)

1. A trigger mechanism for a rapid-fire handgun, having a trigger (9) that can swivel against the force of a spring (13) from a rest position into cocked position and that acts on a pivoting catch (21), which comprises a trigger sear (37) engaging in the path of motion of the breech (3), having a safety mechanism (47 - 55) that preferably optionally locks the trigger (9) in its rest position,
   characterised in that

   - the trigger sear(37) is formed on a safety pawl (33), which is mounted on the catch (21) so that it can swivel out of a locking position against the force of a spring (35) into a inoperative position in which it does not engage in the path of motion of the breech (3),

   - the safety pawl (33) engaging in the path of motion of the breech (3) can be forced by the breech (3) into its locking position, and

   - the safety mechanism (47 - 55) is set up also to lock the catch (21), and where

   - on the trigger (9) there is mounted a spring-loaded release pawl (43), which in its rest position does not allow the catch (21) to move into its operative position until the breech (3) moves up.
2. A trigger mechanism according to Claim 1,
   characterised in that the safety mechanism (47 - 55) comprises an edge (safety roller 47) that can move into the path of motion of the safety pawl (33),
   and in that the safety pawl (33) and its spring (35) are designed so that upon the release of the catch (21) the safety pawl (33) gives way in front of the edge (47), and in the operative position of the catch (21) the edge (37) then fixes said catch (21) and the safety pawl (33).
3. A trigger mechanism according to Claim 2,
   characterised in that the safety mechanism (47 - 55) comprises a transversely extending, rotatable safety roller (47), on which a recess (49) is provided, the side wall of which forms the said edge together with the periphery of the safety roller (47).
4. A trigger mechanism according to Claim 3,
   characterised in that

   - the safety roller (47) comprises a depression (51),

   - a safety bolt (53) is provided, which drops into the depression (51) in the firing position of the safety roller (47), and

   - the safety bolt (53) engages in the path of the trigger (9) and locks it when the safety roller (47) is in the safety position and the safety bolt (53) does not engage in the depression (51).
5. A trigger mechanism according to Claim 4,
   characterised in that on the trigger (9) there is provided an extension (55), which plunges into the path of motion of the safety bolt (53) upon the actuation of the trigger.

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