EP1455160A1 - Metal-fixing-material-passage and method of manufacturing a header with a metal-fixing-material-passage - Google Patents

Abstract

First (4) and second (5) metal pins fit in a through-opening (TO) (11) in a main body (MB) (3) in fastening equipment (FE) (6). Formed by an element, the MB has front (8) and rear (7) sides. A release action creates a principal geometry to describe the TO. Devices between the front and rear sides avoid relative movement in the FE towards the rear side opposite the inner circumference of the TO. An independent claim is also included for a method for producing a main body for a metal lead-through according to the present invention.

Description

The invention relates to a metal fixing material feedthrough, in detail with the features from the preamble of claim 1; also a method for Manufacture of a basic body of a metal fixing material feedthrough, in Individual with the features from the preamble of claim 23.

Metal fixation bushings are available in different versions in the Prior art known. This means vacuum-tight Fusion of fixing materials, especially glasses in metals. The Metals act as electrical conductors. Representative is US-A-5 345 872, US-A-3 274 937. Such implementations are in electronics and electrical engineering. That to melt glass used here serves as an insulator. Typical metal fixation bushings are constructed in such a way that metallic inner conductors in one Preformed sintered glass part are melted, the sintered glass part or the glass tube into an outer metal part with the so-called base body is melted down. As preferred applications of such metal fixing material bushings lighters apply, for example. These will used among other things for airbags or belt tensioners in motor vehicles. In In this case, the metal fixing material bushings are part of one Ignition device. The entire ignition device includes the metal fixing material feedthrough an ignition bridge, the explosives and one Metal cover that tightly encloses the ignition mechanism. Through the Can carry out either one or two or more than two metallic ones Pins are passed through. In a preferred embodiment with a Metallic pin, the housing is grounded, with a preferred two-pin Execution of one of the pens. The ignition device described above will used in particular for airbags or for belt tensioners in motor vehicles. Known ignition devices of the type mentioned or similar are described in US 6 274 252, US 5 621 183, DE 29 04 174 A1 or DE 199 27 233 A1, the Full disclosure content in the present application is included. The ignition units mentioned above have two Metal pins on. But electronic ignition devices are also possible have only a single pin. Those shown in the prior art Ignition devices comprise a metal base body, for example a metal sleeve is designed as a turned part. The metal base body has at least one Through opening through which at least one metal pin is passed. On The main problem of this embodiment is that such Execution is material and cost intensive.

The invention is therefore based on the object of carrying out a metal fixing material of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that they are high strength with little material and labor and suitability is characterized for higher loads and also assembly errors, which are characterized by the inaccurate assignment of the individual elements can be avoided.

The solution according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 1 characterized. The procedural implementation for the production of a Base body is described in claim 34. Advantageous configurations are shown in reproduced the subclaims.

The metal fixing material feedthrough comprises a metallic base body, through which at least one metal pin is passed. Are in a preferred Embodiment provided two metal pins, so represents one of the two at least indirectly, d. H. directly or indirectly via other elements Ground connection to the base body. When using two metal pins these metal pins are preferably arranged parallel to one another. At least one the metal pins are arranged in a through opening in the base body and against this by fixing material, preferably in the form of a Glass plug, fixed. According to the invention, the base body is made by one Sheet metal element formed, wherein in a first embodiment at least Through opening generated by a separation process, in particular punching becomes. The base body itself is preferably also made of a solid material punched out, but the final geometry of the body by Forming process, e.g. deep drawing obtained. In a preferred embodiment the end contour describing the outer contour and the Basic geometry describing through opening at least by one Separation process, in particular punching. End geometry means that this no longer has to be formed. Basic geometry means that this is either not required at all the final geometry represents or changes to this Changes due to further manufacturing processes, in particular Forming processes can be carried out, the final geometry first is achieved by these additional procedures. Between the front and Back are means to avoid a relative movement of fixing material in Direction of the back opposite the inner circumference of the through opening intended. The means are an integral part of the basic body or form with this a structural unit.

The generation of the geometry by a separation process means that the Final geometry on the outer circumference of the base body by cutting and the Geometry of the through opening is made by punching. To the itself resulting problem when melting the individual metal pin in a through opening and also security against leakage Getting the fixation material and metal pin together are the means to avoid a relative movement of fixing material in the direction of Rear provided opposite the inner circumference of the through opening. These act as barbs and lead to relative movement Towards the back to a form fit between the fixation material plug, especially glass plugs and body. These include, for example at least one local constriction in the through opening, this in the entire area of the inner circumference, except on the front of the Basic body can be provided.

On the one hand, the solution according to the invention makes it possible to use less expensive ones Manufacturing processes and raw materials, where the Material use is significantly minimized. Furthermore, the entire base body be formed as an integral component, in which the metal pin by means Fixing material is melted down. Another major advantage is in that even under increased loads on the individual metal pin, for Example of a pressure load, a pushing out of the metal pin with the Glass plug from the through opening is safely avoided. The whole Version also builds smaller in width and is smaller in size ensuring the secure fixation of the metal pin in the base body too suitable for higher forces.

It is crucial that the local narrowing of the cross-section in the area the back or between the back and the front, however the front is always characterized by a larger diameter.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the second metal pin is a Ground pin on the back of the base body placed or attached to ground. This eliminates the need for additional measures to include one in the body Fixing material fixed metal pin to ground or electrically with the To couple the basic body. Furthermore, there is only one pin in a through opening to fix, whereby the possibilities become more diverse, the single pen completely secure in the circumferential direction and the possible Connection area for the ground pin can be enlarged.

For example, a glass plug, a ceramic plug, is used as the fixing material Glass ceramic wad or a high performance polymer use.

There are a number of options for the specific configuration of the means for preventing a relative movement between the fixing material and the passage opening, in particular the sliding out. These are characterized by measures on the base body. In the simplest case, measures are taken on the base body that can be implemented during production, particularly during the stamping process. The through opening between the rear and front is characterized by a change in the cross-sectional profile. In the simplest case, at least two areas of different internal dimensions are provided, when designed as a through opening with a circular cross section with different diameters. The change in cross-section can take place in stages or continuously. In the latter case, the through opening between the front and the rear is conical, with this narrowing towards the rear.
The measures on the base body are generally further characterized by the provision of a plurality of recesses or projections. These form at least one undercut, viewed from the rear, arranged on the inner circumference of the through opening in the base body between the rear and the front, the front being free of such undercuts. In the case of a symmetrical design of the through opening, it is characterized by three partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear towards the front, a second adjoining one and a third partial area which extends from the front towards the rear. The second section is characterized by smaller or larger dimensions of the through opening than the first and third sections. The first and third partial regions are then preferably characterized by identical cross-sectional dimensions.

For versions with more than two areas of different dimensions, In particular, different diameters are chosen that by machining the base body on both sides. Will with the before described designs on an asymmetrical design of the Through opening turned off, this version with more than two A preferred embodiment of the through opening is selected in the areas can be used as required with regard to the installation position. This is related to one theoretical center axis that is perpendicular to the pin axis of the in the body guided pin and extends in the central region of the base body, symmetrical. This allows the front and back sides to be Function can also be interchanged. The undercuts formed by this act possible movements of the graft in both directions opposite.

According to a further embodiment, a plurality of in Circumferentially spaced from each other on a common length projections arranged between the front and rear sides can be provided. These are usually stamped, i.e. H. local deformation under pressure in the Area of the back. The manufacturing process is therefore special inexpensive.

Another way to avoid relative movement between Fixing material plug and through opening consists in the formation of a non-positive connection between these. Usually, for example Glass and glass pin inserted into the opening, glass and Metal ring warmed up so that after cooling the metal on the glass plug shrinks. Generally, the through opening faces after punching the through opening essentially has the final diameter. Of course you can the punched through opening itself can still be processed, for example be ground without significantly changing the final diameter. The Through opening can have a circular cross section. Other Possibilities are conceivable, for example an oval cross section.

According to an advantageous further development are for additional avoidance of relative movements under load between metal pin and fixing material Measures provided on the metal pin. It can be about yourself projections or the entire outer circumference of the metal pin Act recesses or adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction with any or fixed predefined and fixed projections.

The process for producing a base body of a metal bushing is characterized in that the final contour describing the outer geometry due to a cutting process free of exciting machining from a sheet metal part predefined thickness is obtained. Likewise, the achievement of the Initial shape of the basic geometry describing the through opening Forming the through opening for at least one metal pin by punching out from the sheet metal part. Both processes can be done in a cost-saving manner Tool and an operation can be relocated. The undercuts in the Through openings are formed by deforming the through opening, for example embossing. The individual embossing process can be done before or after Punching process. Embossing and Punching process on the same side of the body to avoid unnecessary Avoid changes in workpiece position and possible these procedures to run immediately one after the other.

According to the desired geometries to be achieved Embossing processes on one or both sides, in the latter case preferably the same embossing parameters can be set to a symmetrical one To ensure execution of the through opening.

Figur 1a

verdeutlicht eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung;

Figuren 1b bis 1e

verdeutlichen in schematisch stark vereinfachter Darstellung das Grundprinzip eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Grundkörpers gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 2a

verdeutlicht eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit konischer Ausführung der Durchgangsöffnung;

Figuren 2b und 2c

verdeutlichen eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Grundkörpers gemäß Figur 2a nach einem Ausstanzvorgang;

Figur 3

verdeutlicht eine dritte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit teilweise konischer Gestaltung der Durchgangsöffnung;

Figur 4

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit einer einen Vorsprung zwischen Vorder- und Rückseite in der Durchgangsöffnung beschreibenden Kontur;

Figur 5

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit einer eine Ausnehmung zwischen Vorder- und Rückseite in der Durchgangsöffnung beschreibenden Kontur;

Figur 6

verdeutlicht eine Ausführung gemäß Figur 1 a mit zusätzlichen Vorsprüngen am Metallstift;

Figur 7

verdeutlicht eine Weiterentwicklung gemäß Figur 6;

Figur 8

verdeutlicht eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit punktueller Verengung des Querschnittes im Bereich der Rückseite;

Figur 9

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung mit Oberflächengestaltung in der Durchgangsöffnung;

Figur 10

verdeutlicht eine weitere alternative Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Metall-Fixiermaterial-Durchführung.

Figur 11

verdeutlicht eine Ausführungsform mit einem Metallstift, einen sogenannten Monopin

The solution according to the invention is explained below with reference to figures. The following is shown in detail:

Figure 1a

illustrates a first embodiment of a metal fixing material feedthrough designed according to the invention;

Figures 1b to 1e

illustrate the basic principle of a method according to the invention for producing a base body according to the invention in a schematically highly simplified representation;

Figure 2a

illustrates a second embodiment of a metal fixing material feedthrough designed according to the invention with a conical design of the through opening;

Figures 2b and 2c

illustrate a further embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a base body according to FIG. 2a after a punching process;

Figure 3

illustrates a third embodiment of a metal fixing material feedthrough designed according to the invention with a partially conical design of the through opening;

Figure 4

illustrates an embodiment of the metal fixing material feedthrough designed according to the invention with a contour describing a projection between the front and rear in the through opening;

Figure 5

illustrates an embodiment of the metal fixing material feedthrough designed according to the invention with a contour describing a recess between the front and rear in the through opening;

Figure 6

illustrates an embodiment according to Figure 1 a with additional projections on the metal pin;

Figure 7

illustrates a further development according to FIG. 6;

Figure 8

illustrates a further embodiment of the metal fixing material feedthrough designed according to the invention with selective narrowing of the cross section in the area of the rear side;

Figure 9

illustrates an embodiment of the metal fixing material feedthrough designed according to the invention with a surface design in the through opening;

Figure 10

illustrates a further alternative embodiment of the metal fixing material feedthrough designed according to the invention.

Figure 11

illustrates an embodiment with a metal pin, a so-called monopin

FIG. 1 a illustrates an axial section of a first embodiment of a metal fixing material bushing 1 designed according to the invention, for example for use as an igniter of an airbag. This comprises a base body 3 forming a metal sleeve 2, to which two mutually parallel metal pins 4 and 5 are electrically coupled. The two metal pins 4 and 5 are arranged parallel to each other. One acts as a conductor, while the second is grounded. In the case shown, the first metal pin 4 acts as a conductor and the metal pin 5 as a ground pin. At least one of the metal pins, in particular the metal pin 4 functioning as a conductor, is guided through the base body 3. The ground pin 5 is attached directly to the back 12 of the base body 3 in the case shown. For this purpose, the metal pin 4 is melted on a part 1 _{1 of} its length 1 in fixing material 34, in particular a glass plug 6 cooled from a glass melt. The metal pin 4 projects at least on one side beyond the end face 7 of the glass plug 6 and in the embodiment shown is flush with the second end face 8 of the glass plug 6. Other variants are also conceivable. Not only the through opening, but also the base body 3 is preferably designed as a stamping element 9. This means that the geometry describing the outer contour, in particular the outer circumference 10, was produced by cutting, preferably punching. The stamped part can either continue to be used in the geometry as it exists after the stamping process, or it can be reshaped in a further work step, for example deep-drawn. The through opening 11 provided for receiving and fixing the metal pin 4 by means of the glass plug 6 is produced according to the invention in a preferred embodiment by a punching-out process in the form of the hole. Subsequently, the metal pin 4 on the rear side 12 of the metal fixing material feedthrough 1 is inserted together with the glass plug into the through opening 11 and the metal body containing the glass plug and the metal pin is heated, so that after a cooling process the metal shrinks and thus a non-positive connection between Glass plug 6 with metal pin 4 and base body 3 is formed. It is also conceivable to introduce the fixing material in the molten or flowable state, in particular the glass melt, from the front 13 into the through opening 11. During cooling, a positive and material connection is then formed between the outer circumference 14 of the metal pin 4 and the inner circumference 15 of the through opening 11 in order to loosen the metal pin 4 with the glass plug 6 when the entire metal fixing material feedthrough 1 is fired To avoid the base body 3, means are provided to prevent a relative movement between the fixing material 34 and the inner circumference 15 of the through opening in the direction of the rear side 12, which are designated here by 35. These act as barbs and create a positive connection between the base body 3 and the glass plug 6 under the action of tensile force and / or pressure on the glass plug 6 and / or the metal pin 4 and thus prevent it from sliding out on the rear side 12. According to a first embodiment, the through opening 11 is for this purpose designed such that it has an undercut 36 which is formed by a projection 37. This is arranged in the area of the back 12 and closes flush with it in the case shown. The through opening 11, which in the illustrated case is preferably formed with a circular cross section, is characterized by this projection 37 by two different diameters d ₁ and d ₂ . The diameter d _{1 is} larger than the diameter d ₂ . The diameter d ₂ is the diameter of the through opening 11 on the rear side 12. The diameter d ₁ is the diameter of the through opening 11 on the front side 13. The through opening 11 is designed with the same diameter d ₁ over a substantial part of its extension l _d1 , l _d2 stands for the formation of the through opening 11 with the diameter d ₂ . This means that the through-opening has two partial areas, a first partial area 16 and a second partial area 17, the first partial area 16 being characterized by the diameter d ₁ and the second partial area 17 by the diameter d ₂ . These diameters are produced by a one-sided punching process in the form of perforation from the front 13 or rear 12 side with subsequent forming process under the action of pressure, in particular embossing, as shown in FIGS. 1b to 1c on the base body 3. The punching and forming process are preferably carried out from the same side, in the case shown from the front 13. The basic body 3 can also be cut out in the context of a punching process or else a previous cutting process, for example water or laser beam cutting. However, this is preferably done by punching out. The tool for this is designed in such a way that the entire base body 3 with a through opening 11 is punched out in one work step from a sheet 38 of a certain sheet thickness b, which corresponds to a thickness D of the base body 3.

Figures 1b to 1e illustrate in a schematically simplified representation the basic principle of the method according to the invention for producing a base body 3 with the required geometry. FIG. 1b illustrates in a schematically simplified representation the design of the punching tool 39 from two part tools, a lower part in the form of a die 40 and an upper part in the form of a punch 41. The punch 41 is moved relative to the sheet 38 resting on the die 40. The direction of feed is indicated by an arrow. The resulting basic body 3 'with regard to its outer end geometry and the geometry of the through opening 11' after punching is shown in Figure 1 c. In this state and in this position, the base body 3 'can be subjected to a further stamping process in order to achieve the geometry of the through opening 11 shown in FIG. 1a, in particular the undercut 36 formed by the projection 37. The stamping tool 42 is the front side 23 of the The base body 3 'is assigned and is effective at the through opening 11 ", as is the case after punching, from the front side 12 in the direction of the rear side 12. The effective depth t ₁ , which in the final state of the base body 3 is the distance of the undercut 36 from the Characterized the front side 13, is guaranteed by the shape of the embossing tool 42 and the embossing depth caused thereby or only the embossing depth .. Figure 1 e illustrates the position of the embossing tool 42 relative to the base body 3 'in the final state, ie after embossing has been carried out, in In this state, the base body 3 'corresponds to the base body 3. The additives' chara cterize the condition of the element to be processed during production. In order to achieve an optimal embossing result, metallic materials with good flowability are used as sheets 38 or thin-walled elements under the pressure applied. Cu-Ni alloys or Al alloys or Ni or Fe alloys are preferably used as metals. The use of steels, for example stainless steel, CRS 1010, structural steels or Cr-Ni steel, is particularly preferred.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1a to 1e, the Through opening 11 has a circular cross section. However, are conceivable also other forms, in which case an undercut by change the inside dimensions of the opening is formed. Furthermore, the are shown Geometries ideally reproduced. In practice, this is usually not the case Surface areas standing completely at right angles to each other are created. It is crucial that a basic contour of the through opening is created, on the one hand, the inclusion of a melted-down metal pin and, furthermore, the Prevention of the whole movement out of metal pin and Fixing agent, especially glass plugs, d. H. also the the Undercut surface areas and the adjacent Surface areas can be arranged at an angle to each other.

FIG. 2a illustrates an axial section through a metal fixing material feedthrough 1.2 a further embodiment according to the invention of the basic body 3.2. The basic structure of the metal fixing material feedthrough 1.2 corresponds to that described in Figure 1, which is why the same elements same reference numerals are used. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2a however, the through opening 11.2 is conical. This will decrease the diameter d starting from the front 13.2 to the rear 12.3 continuously. This constant reduction in diameter by forming a cone forms the Means 35 for preventing a relative movement between the fixing means and the inner circumference 15 of the through opening.

FIG. 2b illustrates the basic body 3 'that results after the punching out process after the punching out. A through opening 11 'with identical dimensions throughout can be seen. FIG. 2c illustrates the embossing tool 43, which has a conical configuration and acts on the base body 3 'according to FIG. 2b against a die 44 from the front 13.2. In contrast, FIG. 3 discloses a combination of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, in which only part of the through opening 11.3 is conical. In this embodiment, the through opening 11.3 of the metal fixing material feedthrough 1.3, in particular in the base body 3.3, is also divided into two sections, a first section 16.3 and a second section 17.3. The second section 17.3 is characterized by a constant diameter d _2.3 over its length I _d2.3 . The second section 17.3 extends from the rear 12.3 towards the front 13.3. The first sub-area 16.3 is characterized by a constant reduction in the cross-section of the through opening 11.3. The reduction takes place from a diameter d _1.3 to a diameter d _2.3 . The smaller diameters on the rear sides 12.2, 12.3 according to the explanations in FIGS. 2 and 3 offer the advantage of a larger connection surface 18 for the metal pin 5.2 or 5.3, in particular the ground pin. The undercut 36.3 results from the change in diameter from the second to the first partial area 16.3.

In all the designs shown in Figures 1 to 3, the asymmetrical geometry of the through opening 11 from the front 13 to Back 12 looks at the advantage of preventing slipping out or pulling out the glass plug 6 on the rear side 12 or in the direction this. Furthermore, due to the asymmetrical geometry during assembly easier orientation for the installation position of the individual elements, in particular the metal pins 4 and 5 are given. Due to the Undercut is a detachment of the assembly from metal pin 4 and Glass plug 6 from the base body avoided when igniting. The additional Material on the back 12 offers the advantage of a larger connection area for the metal pin 4.5. It also increases strength the glass seal of the metal pin when pressure is applied to the front.

FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate two further designs of a metal fixing material lead-through 1.4 and 1.5 according to the invention with a through opening 11.4 and 11.5. In these versions, the through opening 11 can be divided into three sub-areas. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 in the partial areas 20, 21 and 22, the first and third partial areas 20 and 22 preferably being characterized by the same diameter d ₂₀ and d ₂₂ . The second partial region 21 is characterized by a smaller diameter d ₂₁ than the diameters d ₂₀ and d ₂₂ and thus forms a projection 23. This forms the undercut 36.4 arranged between the front and rear to prevent the relative movement of the glass plug 6.4 in the direction of the rear 12.4 the inner circumference 15.4 of the through opening 11.4. In particular, the surfaces 24 and 25 directed toward the front 13.4 and rear 12.2 each form the stop surfaces for the glass plug 6.4 in the axial direction. This embodiment is characterized by a fixation of the glass plug 6.4 in both directions, so that this configuration of the base body is particularly advantageously suitable for being able to be installed and positioned as desired, in particular with regard to the connection of the metal pins 4.4.

In analogy, this also applies to the configuration of FIG Metal fixing material lead-through 1.5, in particular of the base body 3.5. Also this can be subdivided into at least three sub-areas, these being individual Sub-areas, which are designated here with 20.5, 21.5 and 22.5, a recess Describe 26, arranged between the back and front 12.5 and 13.5 is. The two outer sections - first section 20.5 and third Sub-area 22.5 - form projections 27 and 28. The facing one another Surfaces 29 and 30 of the individual projections 27 and 28 form one Stop for the cooled glass plug 6.5 when shifting between Back 12.5 and front 13.5. Both versions require one Increase the required hydrostatic forces to the glass plug 6 under Shear of parts of these in motion under pressure.

With all the solutions described so far, it becomes possible to use a narrower one Base body 3 compared to the known solutions from the prior art to be used with the same or increased strength of the glass plug 6 conditional seal.

The basic body 3.4 according to FIG. 4 is produced by stamping the Base body 3 'with a through opening 11' with a constant diameter. The lead is achieved by embossing on both sides with a predefined embossing depth and an embossing tool with a larger diameter than after punching existing diameter of the through opening 11 'achieved. Due to the Increase in the surface tension of the material on the base body 3 'below The embossing tool has an influence when the flow limit is exceeded Flow of the material, which then forms the projection 23. It is irrelevant whether the embossing process first from the front or back of the Basic body made from.

If a symmetrical structure is required, the embossing forces and However, the embossing depth can be chosen equally on both sides. The executions made apply analogously also to the formation of the base body according to FIG. 5. Also Here, in the first process step, the outer geometry of the Base body 3.5 'with through opening 11.5'. The two projections 27 and 28 in the area of the front and back 12 and 13 are then through to the Front and rear sides 12, 13 on the base body 3.5 'take effect Pressure forces formed. The shape of the recess shown is idealized.

Figures 4 and 5 illustrate measures on the base body 3.4 and 3.5, in particular the through openings 11.4 and 11.5 to prevent Relative movement of the glass plug 6 relative to the latter, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 exemplary measures on the metal pin 4.6 and 4.7, respectively, for prevention the exit of the metal pin 4.6 or 4.7 from the glass plug 6.6 or 6.7 serve during the test and also during the ignition process. It poses 6 shows a combination of the embodiment shown in FIG additional modification of the metal pin 4.6. The pin 4.6 points in Coupling area with the base body 3.6 at least one projection, this is designated 31 and extends in the circumferential direction around the Outer circumference 32 of the pin 4.6. The version shown is around a projection 31 which extends around the entire outer circumference 32 of the Metal pin 4.6 extends. This can be caused by compressing or crushing the Metal pin 4.6 are formed. Another possibility, not shown here, includes the arrangement of several adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, preferably arranged at the same distance from each other Protrusions on the metal pin 4.6 in the area of the coupling in the base body 3.6. The Feature of the projections on the metal pin 4.6 contributes significantly to the improvement of Strength of connection. This feature prevents the removal of the Metal pin 4.6 during a corresponding test, in which normally the metal pin in case of tensile stress and removal of the glass plug failed. This applies analogously to the configuration according to FIG. 7. In this the metal pin 4.7 has a plurality in the contact area with the glass melt of projections arranged over the axial extent of the through opening on, which are connected in series. In the simplest case, one becomes Corrugation 33 used. With this the same effect can be achieved as in Figure 6 described. The remaining structure corresponds to that in FIG. 6 described, which is why the same reference numerals for the same elements be used.

The designs described in Figures 6 and 7 are also with the Measures on the base body shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, in particular the through openings can be combined.

Figure 8 describes an embodiment in which over the entire extent the through opening 11.8 between the rear 12 and the front 13 the same diameter is formed, in the area of the back 12.8 Base body 3.8 is exposed to an embossing process. This is done by Pressurizing the back 12.8, this pressurizing made selectively in the area of the circumference of the through opening 11.8 becomes. The pressure is exerted on the back 12.8. This leads to selective or over the entire area of the The circumference of the through opening 11 corresponds to the metal pin 4.8 aligned projections form the pressure conditions in the Through opening 11 starting from the front 13.8 to the rear 12.8 decisively influence. In the case shown, the in Projections arranged at the same distance from one another in the circumferential direction 37.81, 37.82 generated. The glass plug 6.8 can be formed here as a pressed part his.

FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment in which, however, the inner circumference 15.8 of the through opening 11.8 is characterized by a substantially constant mean diameter d ₁ and, furthermore, in order to achieve the holding effect for the glass plug 6.8, either the inner circumference 15.8 of the through opening 11.8 in the base body 3.8 or the outer circumference the glass plug 6.9 a surface treatment, in particular a cutting surface treatment, such as. B. has been subjected to sandblasting or pickling. Roughness values in the range of µ ≥ 10 µm are realized. The roughening of the surface serves the fit and supports the strength. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the entire inner circumference 15 of the through opening 11.5 is preferably subjected to a corresponding surface treatment. There is also the possibility of restricting the surface treatment to only a partial area, which should extend at least in the area of the rear side 12.9.

Furthermore, it would be possible for the glass plug to be inserted into the base body is additionally surrounded by a sleeve. Then both Surface of the through opening and / or the sleeve and / or the metal pin to be roughened.

Another alternative embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 10. In this case, the through opening 11.9 is characterized by a larger diameter d ₂ in the area of the rear side 12.9 than on the front side 13.9. This design makes it possible to design through openings 11.9 even in thicker base bodies 3.9. The through opening 11.10 is punched, for example, or drilled out only in the partial area 45.10. In both embodiments, the second partial area 46.10 is formed, for example, by drilling this partial area 46.10. The glass plug 6.10 is inserted and held in the drilled out portion 46.10 with the metal pin 4.10. In general, all the options mentioned in the description for FIGS. 1 to 9 for introducing at least one through opening, in particular by punching out a base body, are also suitable for introducing this through opening in a first partial region of the basic body and then working out the second partial region, for example, by drilling out of the basic body , The glass plug 6 with a metal pin can then be introduced into the first or the second partial area as described in FIGS. 1 to 9. While the exemplary embodiments described above all referred to metal fixing material feedthroughs, which comprised two metal pins, which were preferably arranged in parallel, of which one of the metal pins on the back of the base body is grounded, the invention can in principle also be used with more than two Metal pins and so-called mono pins. Mono pins are ignition units that comprise only a single metal pin that is carried by a pin carrier. The pin carrier itself comprises, for example, a metal ring which forms the ground connection.

Such a mono pin is shown in FIG. 11. The pen carrier 100 includes one Metal pin 103 that is embedded in an insulated fill 104 that is preferably made of Glass is formed. The pin carrier comprises a base body 101.1, which Except metal pin 103 and a sleeve 101.2 with an inner wall surface 101.2.1. The end of the melted part of the metal pin 103 by means of a Bridge 105 with the base 101.1 electrically connected. The Through opening 106 is in the base body, for example. By a stamping step brought in. The through opening can be, as before, in FIGS. 1 to 10 described can be introduced into the base body. Together with the The basic body 101.1 can be opened as described above be punched out. The through opening is preferably together with the Basic body punched out. The base body very particularly preferably forms together with the sleeve 1012 a one-piece component. The making of a one-piece component can happen, for example, that a stamped part in a process step is punched out and the sleeve is obtained by deep drawing becomes.

Preferably, the inner wall surface of the sleeve and the free end of the Metal pin 103 coated. Gold, for example, is used as the coating material used. Coating by electrolytic means is preferred applied. The coating serves to reduce the electrical resistance at the Transition point 108 between a plug 120 which is inserted into the sleeve and to keep the inside 101.1.2 of the sleeve 101.2 low. The plug is designated 120 in this figure.

In all of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, the at Designs according to the prior art as a turned part Base body 3 replaced by stamped parts. The individual measures for Avoid pulling the metal pin 4 out of the base body Load in the individual figures on the base body 3 and to avoid pulling the metal pin out of the fixing material on the metal pin can also be used in combination with each other reach. In this regard, the execution is not restricted subjected. However, designs are sought that have high strength the overall connection between the metal pin 4 and the base body 3 and thus ensure the metal fixing material feedthrough 1.

In all the designs shown in the figures, the Through openings are formed with different cross sections. However, circular cross sections are preferably selected. Training the undercuts are an integral part of the basic body.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9 Metal fixing implementation

2 metal collar

3, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9 basic body

3 ', 3.2' basic body as a semi-finished product during manufacturing

4, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9 metal pin

5 metal pin

6, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9 glass plug

7 first end face

8 second end face

9 punch

10 outer circumference

11, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.8, 11.9 through opening

11 ', 11.2' through opening during manufacturing

12, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7, 12.8, 12.9 back

13, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6, 13.7, 13.8, 13.9 front side

14 outer circumference

15 inner circumference

16 first section

17 second section

19 connecting surface

20, 20.5 first section

21, 21.5 second section

22, 22.5 third section

23 lead

24 area

25 area

26 recess

27 lead

28 lead

29 area

30 area

31 lead

32 recess

33 opening

34 sealing material

35 means of preventing Relative movement between Fixing material and Inner circumference of the Through opening

36, 36.2, 36.3, 36.4, 36.5, 36.6, 36.7, 36.8 undercut

37, 37.3, 37.4, 37.5, 37.6, 37.7, 37.81, 37.82 lead

38 plate

39 die

40 die

41 stamp

42 embossing tool

43 embossing tool

44 die

45 first section

46 second section

100 pin carrier

101.1 body

101.2 Sleeve of the basic body

101.2.1 Inner wall surface of the sleeve

103 metal pin

105 bridge

106 through opening

108 crossing point

120 plug, in sleeve is introduced

d ₁ , d _1.3

diameter

d ₂ , d _2.3

diameter

l _d1

length

l _d2

length

l _d1.3

length

l _d2.3

length

Claims (43)

Metal fixing material lead-through for igniters of airbags or belt tensioners, in particular metal-glass lead-through; 1.1 with at least one metal pin which is arranged in a through hole in the base body in a fixing material, the base body having a front and a back characterized by the following features: 1.2 the basic body is formed by an element, the basic geometry describing the through opening being generated at least by a separating process; 1.3 between the front and back of the base body, means are provided to avoid a relative movement of the fixing material in the direction of the back relative to the inner circumference of the through opening. Metal fixation material implementation according to claim 1, characterized in that the contour describing the final geometry is generated by the separation process. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to claim 1 or 2, the means are an integral part of the basic body or form with it form a structural unit. Metal fixing material leadthrough according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the metal fixing material leadthrough comprises at least two metal pins arranged parallel to one another. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal pin is firmly connected to a fixing material resulting in a fixing material plug. Metal fixing material bushing according to claim 5, characterized in that the metal pin is fused to the fixing material. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a glass plug formed from a glass melt or a high-performance polymer is used as the fixing material. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the means for avoiding a relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the rear side relative to the inner circumference of the through opening, at least one viewed from the rear, on the inner circumference of the through opening in the base body between the rear side and Front undercut arranged, wherein the front is free of such an undercut. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to claim 8, characterized in that the undercut is formed by at least one projection. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to claim 9, characterized by the following features: 10.1 the through opening is characterized by two partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear towards the front and a second partial area which extends from the front towards the rear; 10.2 the projection is formed by the second partial area, which is characterized by smaller internal dimensions than the first partial area; 10.3 the first and second sections have a constant geometry with constant internal dimensions over their length. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to claim 9, characterized by the following features: 11.1 the through opening is characterized by two partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear towards the front and a second partial area which extends from the front towards the rear; 11.2 the projection is formed by the second partial area, which is characterized by smaller inner dimensions than the first partial area; 11.3 the first and / or the second partial area have a different geometry and / or different internal dimensions over their length. Metal fixation material feedthrough according to claim 11, characterized in that the first partial area is characterized from the front by a steady reduction in dimensions up to the second partial area. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the through opening has a circular cross section and at least the first partial area, preferably also the second partial area, is conical. Metal fixing material bushing according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the undercut is arranged in the center. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 8, 9 or 14, characterized by the following features: 15.1 each with an undercut in both directions; 15.2 the through opening is characterized by three partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear towards the front, a second adjoining one and a third partial area which extends from the front towards the rear; 15.3 the second section is characterized by smaller dimensions of the through opening than the first and third sections. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 8, 9 or 14, characterized by the following features: 16.1 each with an undercut in both directions; 16.2 the through opening is characterized by three partial areas - a first partial area which extends from the rear towards the front, a second adjoining one and a third partial area which extends from the front towards the rear; 16.3 the second section is characterized by larger dimensions of the through opening than the first and third sections. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that the first and third sub-areas are characterized by identical cross-sectional dimensions. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that a plurality of projections are provided spaced apart in the circumferential direction on a common length between the front and back. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the through opening has a circular cross section. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the through opening has an arbitrarily selectable cross section. Metal fixing material bushing according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the base body is formed by a stamped part. Metal fixing material bushing according to claim 21, characterized in that the stamped part is ground. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the means for avoiding a relative movement of fixing material in the direction of the rear side comprise at least one non-positive connection between fixing material plugs and part of the through opening in relation to the inner circumference of the through opening. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the means comprise an element introduced into the through opening and the inner circumference of the through opening and / or the outer circumference of the element has a roughness ≥ 10 µm. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that means are provided on the metal pin for preventing a relative movement of the pin relative to the fixing material. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to claim 25, characterized in that the means for preventing a relative movement of the pin relative to the fixing material comprise at least one projection formed on the pin in the radial direction. Metal fixing material bushing according to claim 26, characterized in that the projection is an integral part of the pin. Metal fixing material bushing according to claim 26, characterized in that the projection is formed by an element connected to the pin. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that the means for preventing a relative movement of the pin relative to the fixing material comprise a plurality of projections which are adjacent in the axial direction and formed on the pin in the radial direction. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that at least two metal pins are provided. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to claim 30, characterized in that the at least two metal pins are arranged parallel to one another. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 30 to 31, characterized in that the second metal pin is connected to ground as a ground pin on the back of the base body. Metal fixing material feedthrough according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that a metal pin is provided, which is arranged in a through opening in the base body in a fixing material, and a sleeve of the base body, which is on ground. Method for producing a base body of a metal bushing according to one of claims 1 to 33, 34.1 in which the end contour describing the outer geometry is obtained from a part, in particular a sheet metal part, of predefined thickness by a cutting process; 34.2 in which to form the through opening for at least one metal pin, the basic geometry describing the initial shape of the through opening is obtained by punching out the part, in particular the sheet metal part. A method according to claim 34, characterized in that the final contour describing the outer geometry and the basic geometry describing the initial shape of the through opening is obtained in one working step in the form of punching out with a working tool. Method according to one of claims 34 or 35, characterized in that the undercuts are formed in the through openings by deformation of the through opening. A method according to claim 36, characterized in that the deformation is achieved by at least one embossing process. Method according to one of claims 36 or 37, characterized in that the embossing and the punching process are carried out from the same side on the base body. Method according to one of claims 36 or 37, characterized in that the embossing and the punching process are carried out on different sides of the base body. Method according to one of claims 36 to 39, characterized in that the embossing and the punching process are carried out on both sides of the base body. A method according to claim 40, characterized in that tools with the same parameters or the same tools for embossing and punching are used in each case. Method according to one of claims 34 to 41, characterized in that an embossing process is carried out on the sheet metal part in the region of the through opening to be produced before the through opening is punched out. Method according to one of claims 34 to 42, characterized in that the sleeve of the base body is obtained after stamping out by deep drawing.

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