EP1450028A2 - Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un actionneur piézoélectrique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un actionneur piézoélectrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1450028A2
EP1450028A2 EP03104714A EP03104714A EP1450028A2 EP 1450028 A2 EP1450028 A2 EP 1450028A2 EP 03104714 A EP03104714 A EP 03104714A EP 03104714 A EP03104714 A EP 03104714A EP 1450028 A2 EP1450028 A2 EP 1450028A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
force
characteristic
characteristic curve
injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03104714A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1450028A3 (fr
Inventor
Holger Rapp
Marco Gangi
Udo Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1450028A2 publication Critical patent/EP1450028A2/fr
Publication of EP1450028A3 publication Critical patent/EP1450028A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/221—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/2086—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils with means for detecting circuit failures
    • F02D2041/2089—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils with means for detecting circuit failures detecting open circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring a piezoelectric actuator according to the preambles of the independent claims.
  • a method and an apparatus for measuring the voltage of a piezoelectric Actuator is known from EP 11 38 902. Such actuators are used in particular Control of an injector used, in particular to control the Serve fuel metering in an internal combustion engine.
  • a characteristic curve of the actuator is determined and this is compared with an expected characteristic.
  • the determined characteristic deviates from the expected characteristic, an error is recognized according to the invention.
  • One Procedure can cause numerous errors in the area of the actuator or in the area of the Injector can be reliably recognized.
  • a force-displacement characteristic is preferably determined. This is with little effort determinable. Certain errors lead to characteristic courses. From these It is possible to reliably identify various errors over the course of the course.
  • the force-displacement characteristic can be done easily by capturing pairs of values for the cargo and the voltage can be determined.
  • the method and the device are tested as part of the test At regular intervals, for example at Maintenance work and / or carried out continuously while the injector is in operation.
  • Realizations in the form of a are of particular importance Computer program with program code means and in the form of a Computer program product with program code means.
  • the invention Computer program has program code means to complete all steps of the perform the inventive method when the program on a Computer, in particular a control unit for an internal combustion engine Motor vehicle is running.
  • the invention is in one Control unit stored program realized so that this with the program provided control unit represents the invention in the same way as the method whose execution the program is suitable.
  • the invention Computer program product has program code means which are based on a computer-readable data carriers are stored by the method according to the invention perform when the program product on a computer, especially a Control unit for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle is executed.
  • the invention is implemented by a data carrier, so that the inventive method can be carried out if the program product or the data carrier in a control unit for an internal combustion engine, in particular one Motor vehicle is integrated.
  • a data carrier or as a computer program product in particular an electrical storage medium can be used, for example a read-only memory (ROM), an EPROM or an electrical one Permanent storage such as a CD-ROM or DVD.
  • FIG. 1 the essential elements of a device for controlling a Piezo actuator shown.
  • An output stage is labeled 100.
  • This power amp applies voltage to the actuator (not shown) and charges it to one certain time by energizing to predetermined values. Accordingly the actuator by energizing in opposite directions from the output stage to a predetermined one Unload time again.
  • the output stage 100 comprises a current detection 110 and a Voltage detection 120. With these, the current I, which when charging in the Actuator and flows out of the actuator during unloading, measured. Furthermore, the Voltage detection 120 is the voltage U, which characterizes the voltage at the actuator.
  • a corresponding output stage is described for example in EP 11 38 902.
  • the output signal I of the current detection 110 reaches an integrator 130.
  • Am The output of integrator 130 has signal Q, which characterizes the amount of charge, with which the actuator was charged.
  • the output signal Q of the integrator and the output signal U der Voltage detection 120 arrive at a map 140.
  • the characteristic diagram determination 140 the current force-displacement characteristic.
  • the force-displacement characteristic curve determined in this way arrives at the map evaluation 150, which it includes compares a given characteristic curve. Detects the map evaluation 150 a corresponding deviation, this is reported back to the output stage 100 or alternatively or additionally displayed to the driver by means of an error display 160.
  • an error of a higher-level control system Influenced fuel metering for example, is also signaled.
  • a first step 200 the rail pressure P is measured at the beginning of the method. This pressure is the pressure against which the actuator works.
  • the start of the charging process is at fixed intervals or at fixed intervals Crankshaft revolution in a step 210, the voltage U on the actuator, and the Charge Q that is loaded into the actuator is recorded.
  • the subsequent query 220 checks whether the actuator is fully charged. That it is checked whether the loading process is completed. If this is not the case, step 210 takes place again. This means that during the entire charging process in discrete measuring points, which are preferred are equidistant, the charge Q that flows into the actuator and the one applied to the actuator Voltage U is detected.
  • the force-displacement characteristic is determined in step 230.
  • the force-displacement characteristic curve determined with a expected course compared.
  • the subsequent query 250 checks whether a There is a deviation. If this is not the case, the program ends in step 260 if this is the case, an error is recognized in step 270. Such a detected error will preferably displayed to the driver or there is a corresponding emergency operation initiated and / or performed an emergency shutdown.
  • Three phases are usually used to control an actuator during an injection distinguished.
  • the actuator In a first phase, the actuator is charged and moves from it first position to a second position, in a second phase the actuator remains charged and remains in its position, in a third phase it is unloaded and taken thus reverting to its original first position.
  • the force-displacement characteristic is plotted in FIG.
  • the power is with F and the way with X denotes.
  • the force-displacement characteristic of an actuator is for a lower one Rail pressure P1 dashed and a higher rail pressure P2 with a solid line applied.
  • the lines in this diagram are of constant voltage dashed and the lines of constant charge dotted. With increasing The corresponding lines shift with voltage U or with increasing charge Q. constant voltage and / or constant charge to the right.
  • Each point of the force-displacement characteristic clearly corresponds to a pair of values consisting of voltage U and charge Q.
  • the value for charge Q and voltage measured in step 210 U each result in a point in the force-displacement characteristic.
  • the control valve As long as the force on the actuator due to the rail pressure is greater than that for the Coupler applied actuator force, the control valve remains closed.
  • the control valve is located in its lower seat US.
  • the actuator force only works against the elasticity of the individual elements of the injector. According to what is happening
  • the actuator executes a corresponding stroke without balancing the forces Control valve opens. This causes the force-displacement characteristic to be almost linear History. If the actuator force applied via the coupler is greater than that of Rail pressure applied force, so the sealing element detaches from the sealing seat and the actuator expands. This point is shown in the force-displacement characteristic as separation point A1 or referred to as A2 at increased pressure. Up to this point is the force-displacement characteristic almost linear.
  • the actuator continues to expand until there is a balance of forces again between actuator force and the force due to the rail pressure on the control valve.
  • the new balance of forces is formed when the control valve is in the OS point reached the upper seat. Due to the sensory effect of the piezo actuator, one leads greater force on the actuator leads to greater voltage on the actuator. With the same charge you get a higher voltage U with the same stroke X as a result of higher rail pressure.
  • the actuator only works against it Elasticity of the injector parts.
  • Such clamping of the sealing element can, for example caused by contamination and / or a mechanical defect his.
  • a corresponding defect has the effect that the separation point is along of the straight line drawn in dash-dot lines in FIG.
  • a jamming valve is identified checks whether the straight line exceeds the permissible separation point, which depends on the rail pressure, goes out, or it is checked whether a corresponding control Characteristic point, i.e. a pair of values for the voltage and the charge, above the expected separation point occurs.
  • the detection takes place, for example, in that a smaller one with the same charge Voltage is present or that, in order to achieve the same voltage, more charge in the Actor must be invited.
  • the gradient of the force-displacement characteristic is preferred determined and detected for errors when the slope is almost zero assumes that is less than a certain value.
  • the certain value corresponds the slope in perfect condition.
  • a shift failure is detected, an entry is made in the error memory of the control unit and / or the error is signaled to the driver and causes him to service visit.
  • a larger shift loss means that through the Control valve in the associated cylinder no fuel is injected.
  • FIG. 6 is a corresponding displacement-force diagram of an actuator with increased frictional force applied.
  • the force increases significantly steeper than on one faultless actuator. That means the slope of the force-displacement characteristic is greater than one expected value. This error is recognized if the slope of the Force-displacement characteristic exceeds a certain value. The certain value corresponds the slope when in perfect condition.
  • an entry is preferably made in the Control unit fault memory.
  • Signaling to the driver can also be carried out by a signal lamp and / or other measures, such as torque limitation, respectively. This can prevent a total failure of the injector in good time. That it can be timely due to the possibly increasing friction force long-term injections or misfires can be avoided in good time.
  • torque limitation By reducing the available torque, the driver forced to go to a workshop. With a slightly increased friction within permissible limits it can be provided that the changed opening and Injector closing behavior by correcting the electrical activation starts and / or the electrical activation duration and / or the charging time and / or the Actuator target voltage is corrected.
  • the characteristic curve which results in the case of a leaky coupler is plotted in FIG. is If the coupler leaks, this means that the actuator will also leak when the charge is constant continues to move and the stroke increases until it regains its balance of forces comes. In the force-displacement characteristic of the actuator, this means that at constant permanent charge the actuator voltage along the straight line for constant charge sinks. The temporal change in the actuator voltage depends on the size of the Leakage. As the actuator stroke continues to increase, however, the actuator force also decreases until the force due to rail pressure increases and the sealing element extends to the equilibrium of forces moved back. This closes the nozzle needle again.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic illustration of an injector 1 with a central one Drilling.
  • an actuating piston 3 with a piezoelectric actuator 2 in the introduced central bore, the actuating piston 3 is firmly connected to the actuator 2 is.
  • the actuating piston 3 closes off a hydraulic coupler 4 while downward an opening with a connecting channel to a first seat 6 is provided is in which a piston 5 is arranged with a valve closing member 12.
  • the Valve closing member 12 is designed as a double closing control valve. It closes the first seat 6 when the actuator 2 is at rest.
  • a nozzle needle 11 is arranged, which the outlet in one High-pressure duct (common rail pressure) 13 closes or opens, depending on which one Control voltage Ua is present.
  • the high pressure is caused by the medium to be injected, for example fuel for an internal combustion engine, supplied via an inlet 9,
  • the inflow amount of the medium is via an inlet throttle 8 and an outlet throttle 10 controlled in the direction of the nozzle needle 11 and the hydraulic coupler 4.
  • the Hydraulic coupler 4 has the task, on the one hand, of increasing the stroke of the piston 5 amplify and on the other hand the control valve from the static temperature expansion of the Decouple actuator 2.
  • the refilling of the coupler 4 is not shown here.
  • the hydraulic coupler 4 must therefore be refilled between two injections to maintain its functional reliability.
  • P1 is the so-called Coupler pressure denotes how it is measured in the hydraulic coupler 4. In the coupler sets a stationary pressure P1 without control Ua, which is 1/10 of the Pressure in the high pressure part. After the actuator 2 has been discharged, the coupler pressure is P1 approximately 0 and is raised again by refilling.
  • pairs of measured values for the voltage on the Injector is present, and the charge that is loaded into the injector is detected.
  • the charge is detected by a current measurement, the current value is integrated.
  • These pairs of values are entered in a map in the control unit. This map determined in this way is then compared with an expected map. If the measured map deviates from the expected map, an error occurs recognized. Different errors are identified based on the type of deviation.
  • the map in which the expected course of the force-displacement characteristic is stored is preferably before the first start-up and / or the first start-up of the Injector determined. It is particularly advantageous if this reference map is applied stored and learned during operation. This means whenever that Map is measured again, the map values with the old map compared. If the deviation is smaller than a threshold value, the old and new values a new mean is determined. Alternatively, it can also be provided that that if there is a small deviation, the new value is used immediately. give way the old and the new value pairs differ significantly from each other, i.e. by more than one Threshold, so it is recognized for errors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP03104714A 2003-02-21 2003-12-16 Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un actionneur piézoélectrique Withdrawn EP1450028A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2003107461 DE10307461A1 (de) 2003-02-21 2003-02-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines piezoelektrischen Aktors
DE10307461 2003-02-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1450028A2 true EP1450028A2 (fr) 2004-08-25
EP1450028A3 EP1450028A3 (fr) 2005-08-31

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EP03104714A Withdrawn EP1450028A3 (fr) 2003-02-21 2003-12-16 Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un actionneur piézoélectrique

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DE (1) DE10307461A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1505288A3 (fr) * 2003-08-08 2006-08-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Méthode et dispositif pour surveiller le fonctionnement d'un actionneur piézoélectrique d'alimentation en carburant d'un moteur à combustion
EP1752642A1 (fr) * 2005-08-04 2007-02-14 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Procédé et dispositif de surveillance et diagnostic d'un actionneur piézoélectrique
DE102007023547B3 (de) * 2007-05-21 2008-06-26 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln einer Irreversibilität einer Längenänderung eines Piezokristalls
WO2009138282A1 (fr) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Continental Automotive Gmbh Procédé de commande d'un injecteur, système d'injection de carburant et moteur à combustion interne
US8052864B2 (en) 2006-12-01 2011-11-08 Shell Oil Company Process to prepare a sweet crude
US9051522B2 (en) 2006-12-01 2015-06-09 Shell Oil Company Gasification reactor
US9487400B2 (en) 2006-11-01 2016-11-08 Shell Oil Company Process to prepare a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock containing a certain amount of ash

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008043409A1 (de) 2008-11-03 2010-05-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kraftstoffeinspritzventils
US8960651B2 (en) 2008-12-04 2015-02-24 Shell Oil Company Vessel for cooling syngas

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999067527A2 (fr) * 1998-06-25 1999-12-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif pour commander un actionneur capacitif
WO2002050413A1 (fr) * 2000-12-18 2002-06-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Regulation d'actionneur et procede associe
US6487505B1 (en) * 1998-02-03 2002-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for evaluating characteristic values of piezo-mechanical systems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6487505B1 (en) * 1998-02-03 2002-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for evaluating characteristic values of piezo-mechanical systems
WO1999067527A2 (fr) * 1998-06-25 1999-12-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif pour commander un actionneur capacitif
WO2002050413A1 (fr) * 2000-12-18 2002-06-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Regulation d'actionneur et procede associe

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1505288A3 (fr) * 2003-08-08 2006-08-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Méthode et dispositif pour surveiller le fonctionnement d'un actionneur piézoélectrique d'alimentation en carburant d'un moteur à combustion
EP1752642A1 (fr) * 2005-08-04 2007-02-14 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Procédé et dispositif de surveillance et diagnostic d'un actionneur piézoélectrique
US9487400B2 (en) 2006-11-01 2016-11-08 Shell Oil Company Process to prepare a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock containing a certain amount of ash
US8052864B2 (en) 2006-12-01 2011-11-08 Shell Oil Company Process to prepare a sweet crude
US9051522B2 (en) 2006-12-01 2015-06-09 Shell Oil Company Gasification reactor
DE102007023547B3 (de) * 2007-05-21 2008-06-26 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln einer Irreversibilität einer Längenänderung eines Piezokristalls
WO2009138282A1 (fr) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Continental Automotive Gmbh Procédé de commande d'un injecteur, système d'injection de carburant et moteur à combustion interne
US8714140B2 (en) 2008-05-13 2014-05-06 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method for controlling an injection valve, fuel injection system, and internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1450028A3 (fr) 2005-08-31
DE10307461A1 (de) 2004-09-02

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