EP1448874A1 - Dichtungsanordnung zur dichtspaltreduzierung innerhalb einer strömungsrotationsmaschine - Google Patents
Dichtungsanordnung zur dichtspaltreduzierung innerhalb einer strömungsrotationsmaschineInfo
- Publication number
- EP1448874A1 EP1448874A1 EP02767798A EP02767798A EP1448874A1 EP 1448874 A1 EP1448874 A1 EP 1448874A1 EP 02767798 A EP02767798 A EP 02767798A EP 02767798 A EP02767798 A EP 02767798A EP 1448874 A1 EP1448874 A1 EP 1448874A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- sealing
- arrangement according
- sealing arrangement
- sealing element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/22—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
- F01D11/006—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor
- F01D11/008—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor by spacer elements between the blades, e.g. independent interblade platforms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
- Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
- Y10S277/939—Containing metal
- Y10S277/941—Aluminum or copper
Definitions
- Sealing arrangement for reducing the sealing gap within a flow rotation machine
- the invention relates to a sealing arrangement for reducing the sealing gap within a flow rotation machine, preferably an axial turbomachine, with rotor blades and guide vanes, which are each arranged in at least one row of rotor blades and guide vanes and have blade roots which protrude into fastening contours within the rows of rotor blades and guide vanes for fastening.
- Rotary and guide blades are usually bounded by shrouds arranged directly on the blade root area, which separate the hot gas area or the area of the working medium from a system area to be cooled, be it the rotor arrangement or housing areas of the turbo-rotary machine.
- Intermediate pieces can also be introduced as spacer elements between two blade roots along a row of blades, which also adjoin one another via corresponding side flaps with the shrouds of the blade roots.
- EP 0 501 700 A1 shows a turbine guide vane construction, the guide vane foot and head band of which are fixed against corresponding contours of the housing components by means of spring sealing elements 52, 54 (see FIG. 3 of the document).
- the disadvantage of seals provided with spring elements is, among other things. in that it cannot be ruled out that the spring material will tire very quickly due to the extremely high material stresses with regard to the temperature and pressure conditions prevailing in gas turbines, so that they lose their spring force and thus their sealing function.
- DE 195 20 268 A1 shows a surface seal which has two sealing surfaces, each of which includes an elastic corrugated surface.
- the U-shaped surface seal 11 extends along the inner contour of a guide vane foot designed like a hammer head and serves to seal cooling air which is blown into the guide vane and to protect the guide vane foot from hot gases.
- the sealing arrangement to be designed in different surface shapes, however, requires flat, sealed contour surfaces on which they can lie flat. When it comes to the sealing of intermediate gaps, which are enclosed by curved surfaces, the known sealing arrangement reaches its limits.
- the intermediate gap between two adjacent blade roots is selected too large in the cold state, large intermediate gaps are present despite the thermal expansion of the material in the nominal operating state of the flow rotary machine, for example a gas turbine system, through which leakage flows pass in considerable quantities and thus cause noticeable performance losses.
- the invention is based on the object of providing a sealing arrangement for reducing the sealing gap within a flow rotation machine, preferably an axial turbomachine, with rotor blades and guide vanes, which are each arranged in at least one row of rotor blades and guide vanes and each have blade roots which have fastening contours within the rotor blades. and rows of vanes protrude in such a way that during the hot operating behavior of the turbomachine, an optimally minimal sealing gap is formed between two adjacent blade roots, which on the one hand effectively and optimally reduces a possible leakage flow and on the other hand does not cause any compressive forces between the blade feet by which the blade row is fixed in the circumferential direction Blade feet can be damaged.
- the sealing arrangement should also be resistant to high temperatures and oxidation and thus have a long service life.
- a sealing arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 is designed such that a sealing element made of plastically deformable material is formed between at least two adjacent blade roots along a row of rotor blades or guide vanes or between a blade root of a rotor blade or guide blade and a component of the flow rotary machine that is directly adjacent to the blade root is provided.
- the invention is based on the idea, in contrast to the previously known approaches, in which two adjacent blade roots are as tight and intimate as possible with one another, to have two adjacent blade feet so loosely against one another that the blade feet are not exposed to any compressive forces even in the warm state lead to mechanical tension in the blade roots, but still enclose the smallest possible sealing gap with each other.
- this can be achieved by using a plastically easily deformable material which is deliberately introduced between two adjacent blade feet and preferably has a material thickness which is dimensioned in this way is that in the cold state both blade feet are spaced apart from one another by a cold gap in the customary, producible order of magnitude of approximately 1/100 mm to 5 mm. Since the individual blade feet are fixed within the fastening contour along the row of blades in the circumferential direction, the sealing gap enclosed between two adjacent blade feet is reduced during operation of the turbomachine, preferably a gas turbine engine, due to the high operating temperatures which occur and the thermal material expansions initiated thereby within the blade roots.
- the turbomachine preferably a gas turbine engine
- the side flanks of the blade roots move towards each other, come into contact and, due to their further expansion, are able to plastically deform the material inserted between the two blade feet, so that the material is "squeezed" out of the sealing gap and / or one Local compression of the material is subject to the plastic deformation behavior of the material.
- the compressive forces emanating from the two opposing blade roots are absorbed by the plastically deformable sealing element itself and are not transmitted to the opposite blade root.
- the plastic deformation of the sealing element automatically results in the least possible hot gap independent of current operating conditions and originally intended tolerances in the dimensioning of cold sealing gaps and corresponding sealing elements.
- the plastically deformable material In addition to reducing the gap between adjacent blade roots, the plastically deformable material must also be provided between components of the rotary flow machine, such as spacers along a row of guide or moving blades, or heat shield segments, the so-called heartshields.
- Sintered metals, metal foams and porous metallic coating materials are preferably usable as plastically deformable materials.
- Sintered metals which are present in their original form as powdered nickel aluminum, iron aluminum or cobalt aluminum, and which can preferably be applied to at least one opposite flank of a blade root by means of a flame spraying process under high pressure, are preferred oxidation-resistant sealing materials.
- metal foams in the form of nickel or nickel alloy foams, cobalt or cobalt alloy foams as well as aluminum or aluminum alloy foams is also conceivable, which is applied to the respective side flank of a blade root, for example by means of a soldering or welding process, and is permanently available with this.
- metallic porous coatings such as the provision of so-called MCrAlY layers, where M is selected for an element from the group consisting of iron-cobalt-nickel, is also particularly suitable as a sealing material in the sense described above.
- Such material connections can also be applied by flame spraying to the surface of a flank of a blade root.
- suitable spray parameters different porosities can be set in a targeted manner, which means that the degree of plasticity can be set almost as desired.
- any oxidation-resistant, plastically deformable materials can be used for the above-mentioned purpose, which are available in a suitable manner by means of flame spraying, galvanic deposition, vacuum coating, plating or using soldering and welding techniques with the blade feet.
- Fig. 5 shows a schematic plan view of two guide vanes arranged in a row of guide vanes with sealing elements
- 1 a is a partial cross-sectional view through two cover bands 21, 31 of two blade feet 2, 3, which are located directly adjacent and along a row of blades, which extends in the circumferential direction (see arrow), and which protrude into the rotor assembly 1 for fastening, shown.
- FIG. 1a shows the cold state, ie the state of the blade feet 2, 3 before the flow rotary machine is started up, which represents, for example, a compressor unit or a gas turbine stage.
- a layered sealing element 4 made of plastically deformable material is provided on each of the two directly opposite flanks 22, 32 of the shrouds 21, 31, which together enclose a cold gap 5 with a cold gap width s c .
- the cold gap width s c typically has a distance between 0.01 and 5 mm.
- both sealing elements 4 are force applied against each other and at least partially plastically deformed due to the prevailing joining forces, which has reduced their effective material thickness.
- Lateral crimp regions 41 have formed on the edge regions of both plastically deformed layers 4 according to FIG. 1 and also remain in a return to the cold state due to the plastic deformation.
- an optimal minimal hot gap 6 is formed in the warm state, which has a gap width s w that is best Case is close to zero and in any case much smaller than the cold gap s c .
- part of the shroud flank 81 has a sealing element 4 consisting of plastically deformable material, against which a corresponding shoulder of the shroud 7 is pressed and at the same time is cooled via a cooling channel 72.
- FIG. 3 A corresponding arrangement is provided in FIG. 3, in which the two cover bands 7, 8 are joined together via a wedge-shaped sealing element 4.
- the larger wedge end 42 of the wedge-shaped sealing element 4 is oriented on the side of the hot gas channel 9.
- FIG. 4 shows a further alternative embodiment of two cover bands 7, 8 located opposite one another, in which two opposite flanks 71, 81 are provided with corresponding sealing elements 4. Additional cooling channels 72, 82 provide appropriate local cooling.
- FIG. 5 shows the top view of two guide vanes 7, 8 arranged along a row of guide vanes with associated cover bands which touch along the two side edges 73, 83.
- the sealing elements 4 provided on both side flanks 73 and 83 are dimensioned in such a way that a minimally uniform warm gap is established. This is made more difficult by the tilting of the two guide blades 7, 8 relative to one another, which, however, can be taken into account in the sealing elements by suitable choice of layer thickness.
- FIG. 6 shows a further alternative embodiment comparable to FIGS. 2 to 4.
- the cover band flank of the guide vane 7 has a raised nose 74, which is pressed locally into the sealing element 4 opposite it, which results in a local, simple plastic deformation within the sealing element 4, by means of which the leakage flow can be effectively suppressed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH17662001 | 2001-09-25 | ||
| CH176601 | 2001-09-25 | ||
| PCT/IB2002/003862 WO2003027445A1 (de) | 2001-09-25 | 2002-09-19 | Dichtungsanordnung zur dichtspaltreduzierung innerhalb einer strömungsrotationsmaschine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1448874A1 true EP1448874A1 (de) | 2004-08-25 |
| EP1448874B1 EP1448874B1 (de) | 2007-12-26 |
Family
ID=4566181
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02767798A Expired - Lifetime EP1448874B1 (de) | 2001-09-25 | 2002-09-19 | Dichtungsanordnung zur dichtspaltreduzierung innerhalb einer strömungsrotationsmaschine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7175387B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1448874B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE50211431D1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003027445A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE50211431D1 (de) | 2001-09-25 | 2008-02-07 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Dichtungsanordnung zur dichtspaltreduzierung innerhalb einer strömungsrotationsmaschine |
| US7128522B2 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2006-10-31 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Leakage control in a gas turbine engine |
| GB0523106D0 (en) * | 2005-11-12 | 2005-12-21 | Rolls Royce Plc | A cooliing arrangement |
| US7316402B2 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2008-01-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Segmented component seal |
| US20070212214A1 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Segmented component seal |
| WO2009019126A1 (de) | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Rotoranordnung von einer turbine |
| US8206087B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2012-06-26 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Sealing arrangement for turbine engine having ceramic components |
| CH699984A1 (de) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-05-31 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Verfahren zur Optimierung der Kontaktflächen von aneinander anstossenden Deckbandsegmenten benachbarter Schaufeln einer Gasturbine. |
| US8684680B2 (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2014-04-01 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Sealing and cooling at the joint between shroud segments |
| US20110120263A1 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2011-05-26 | Short Keith E | Porous metal gland seal |
| US20120045337A1 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-02-23 | Michael James Fedor | Turbine bucket assembly and methods for assembling same |
| EP2444631A1 (de) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-04-25 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Kraftwerk und Betriebsverfahren |
| US20120292856A1 (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2012-11-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Blade outer seal for a gas turbine engine having non-parallel segment confronting faces |
| EP2551464A1 (de) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-01-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schaufelanordnung mit Abdichtelement aus Metallschaum |
| US8784037B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-07-22 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud segment with integrated impingement plate |
| US8784041B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-07-22 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud segment with integrated seal |
| US8784044B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-07-22 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud segment |
| US9079245B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2015-07-14 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud segment with inter-segment overlap |
| US9028744B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2015-05-12 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Manufacturing of turbine shroud segment with internal cooling passages |
| US9109455B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2015-08-18 | General Electric Company | Turbomachine blade tip shroud |
| US10138736B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2018-11-27 | General Electric Company | Turbomachine blade tip shroud |
| US9121301B2 (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2015-09-01 | General Electric Company | Thermal isolation apparatus |
| US10107127B2 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2018-10-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine with axial compressor having improved air sealing |
| DE102014224865A1 (de) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Beschichtung einer Turbinenschaufel |
| US9789534B2 (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2017-10-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Investment technique for solid mold casting of reticulated metal foams |
| US9737930B2 (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2017-08-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Dual investment shelled solid mold casting of reticulated metal foams |
| US9789536B2 (en) | 2015-01-20 | 2017-10-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Dual investment technique for solid mold casting of reticulated metal foams |
| US10196915B2 (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2019-02-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Trailing edge platform seals |
| US9884363B2 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2018-02-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Variable diameter investment casting mold for casting of reticulated metal foams |
| US9731342B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2017-08-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Chill plate for equiax casting solidification control for solid mold casting of reticulated metal foams |
| JP6256438B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-15 | 2018-01-10 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
| US10822988B2 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2020-11-03 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Method of sizing a cavity in a part |
| DE102016015359A1 (de) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Daimler Ag | Leiteinrichtung für einen Verdichter einer Aufladeeinrichtung, sowie Verdichter für eine Aufladeeinrichtung |
| US10533454B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2020-01-14 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud cooling |
| US11274569B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2022-03-15 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud cooling |
| US10502093B2 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-12-10 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud cooling |
| US10570773B2 (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2020-02-25 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud cooling |
| US11365645B2 (en) | 2020-10-07 | 2022-06-21 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Turbine shroud cooling |
| FR3120903A1 (fr) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-09-23 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Roue à aubes pour une turbine |
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| US546326A (en) * | 1895-09-17 | hedges | ||
| FR1340331A (fr) | 1962-09-07 | 1963-10-18 | Rateau Soc | Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de liaison des extrémités d'aubes mobiles de turbines |
| CH525419A (de) * | 1970-12-18 | 1972-07-15 | Bbc Sulzer Turbomaschinen | Dichtungsvorrichtung für Turbomaschinen |
| US4257741A (en) | 1978-11-02 | 1981-03-24 | General Electric Company | Turbine engine blade with airfoil projection |
| US4422827A (en) * | 1982-02-18 | 1983-12-27 | United Technologies Corporation | Blade root seal |
| US4580946A (en) | 1984-11-26 | 1986-04-08 | General Electric Company | Fan blade platform seal |
| GB2171151B (en) | 1985-02-20 | 1988-05-18 | Rolls Royce | Rotors for gas turbine engines |
| DE3802741C2 (de) | 1988-01-30 | 1997-02-13 | Asea Brown Boveri | Verfahren zur Verspannung von Schaufeln |
| JPH03213602A (ja) * | 1990-01-08 | 1991-09-19 | General Electric Co <Ge> | ガスタービンエンジンの当接セグメントを連結する自己冷却式ジョイント連結構造 |
| US5149250A (en) | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-22 | General Electric Company | Gas turbine vane assembly seal and support system |
| US5277548A (en) | 1991-12-31 | 1994-01-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Non-integral rotor blade platform |
| GB9209895D0 (en) | 1992-05-07 | 1992-06-24 | Rolls Royce Plc | Rotors for gas turbine engines |
| DE19520268A1 (de) | 1995-06-02 | 1996-12-05 | Abb Management Ag | Dichtung |
| GB9602129D0 (en) | 1996-02-02 | 1996-04-03 | Rolls Royce Plc | Rotors for gas turbine engines |
| DE19848103A1 (de) | 1998-10-19 | 2000-04-20 | Asea Brown Boveri | Dichtungsanordnung |
| DE19858031A1 (de) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-06-21 | Rolls Royce Deutschland | Anstreifdichtung zwischen einem Wandabschnitt und den Schaufelspitzen einer Gasturbine |
| DE19937577A1 (de) * | 1999-08-09 | 2001-02-15 | Abb Alstom Power Ch Ag | Reibungsbehaftete Gasturbinenkomponente |
| DE50211431D1 (de) | 2001-09-25 | 2008-02-07 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Dichtungsanordnung zur dichtspaltreduzierung innerhalb einer strömungsrotationsmaschine |
-
2002
- 2002-09-19 DE DE50211431T patent/DE50211431D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-19 EP EP02767798A patent/EP1448874B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-19 WO PCT/IB2002/003862 patent/WO2003027445A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-03-25 US US10/808,490 patent/US7175387B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03027445A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7175387B2 (en) | 2007-02-13 |
| EP1448874B1 (de) | 2007-12-26 |
| US20040179937A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
| WO2003027445A1 (de) | 2003-04-03 |
| DE50211431D1 (de) | 2008-02-07 |
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