EP1446985B1 - Three-dimensional electroluminescence display - Google Patents

Three-dimensional electroluminescence display Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1446985B1
EP1446985B1 EP02801848A EP02801848A EP1446985B1 EP 1446985 B1 EP1446985 B1 EP 1446985B1 EP 02801848 A EP02801848 A EP 02801848A EP 02801848 A EP02801848 A EP 02801848A EP 1446985 B1 EP1446985 B1 EP 1446985B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electroluminescent device
display according
electrode
layer
display
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP02801848A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1446985A1 (en
Inventor
Emil Enz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Covestro Deutschland AG
Original Assignee
Bayer Schweiz AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
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Priority claimed from CH20052001A external-priority patent/CH695623A5/en
Application filed by Bayer Schweiz AG filed Critical Bayer Schweiz AG
Priority to EP08159253A priority Critical patent/EP2178342A1/en
Priority to SI200230771T priority patent/SI1446985T1/en
Publication of EP1446985A1 publication Critical patent/EP1446985A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1446985B1 publication Critical patent/EP1446985B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-dimensional electroluminescent display with a transparent front part and with an electroluminescent device arranged behind this front part.
  • a three-dimensional electroluminescent display of this type is already known.
  • This prior art device has a transparent disc.
  • the front major surface of this disc is provided with a non-translucent layer in which motifs such as e.g. Graphics, icons, images or the like. Can be executed.
  • motifs such as e.g. Graphics, icons, images or the like.
  • the front of the subjects is covered with a protective layer of, for example, a clear and hard resin.
  • An electroluminescent device or an EL lamp is assigned to the side facing away from the subject of the disc.
  • This EL lamp is provided with lugs, of which one flag is connected to one of the electrodes of the EL lamp and the other lug is connected to the other electrode of the EL lamp. About these flags or tabs, the EL lamp is supplied with electrical energy.
  • the front portion of this prior art device is complicated because of the need to use multiple layers.
  • the display device it is often required that the display device have a non-planar shape.
  • the display should have windows or depressions whose side surfaces should also light up.
  • the EL lamp has to be pulled from the front surface of the display to the area of the side walls of the display which delimit this window or recess.
  • the minimum achievable radius of a curved portion of the prior art display is in the range of about 6mm. This is for example in panel devices in an automobile too large a radius.
  • the attachment of said tabs or flags on the electrodes of the EL lamp This is because these electrodes are formed by very thin layers, while the tabs or flag are relatively thick strips of material in comparison with the electrode layers.
  • WO94 / 14180 discloses a moldable electroluminescent display with flexible EL lamps on a moldable substrate.
  • a three-dimensional electroluminescent display is formed of a translucent, sheet-like, thermoplastic substrate and an EL lamp which is pressed into the desired shape.
  • the EL lamp consists of a thin, translucent electrode on the substrate with several intimately bonded, thermoplastic layers.
  • a thermoplastic layer contains phosphor particles, one layer is insulating and one layer forms the back electrode.
  • the shaped electroluminescent display is still functional after molding.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome these and other disadvantages of the prior art.
  • Fig.1 shows in plan view the front side of one of the possible embodiments of the present three-dimensional electroluminescent display.
  • This three-dimensional electroluminescent display will be briefly referred to as below.
  • Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through the display device Fig. 1 ,
  • the display device has a substantially planar main body 1, which is provided with an electroluminescent device 20.
  • This device 20 is substantially associated with the front surface 103 of the main body 1 and can make desired graphic representations such as images, numbers, etc. shine.
  • This main body 1 is made of a suitable plastic, and it is advantageous if this plastic can be processed in an injection molding process. It may, for example, be a material from the group of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymers (ABS).
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymers
  • a recess 101 is executed, which has a circular outline.
  • This recess 101 has a circular circumferential side wall 102, whose inner surface is practically perpendicular to the main plane or to the front side 103 of the planar main body 1.
  • the surface of this portion of the inner surface 102 of the recess 101 adjoins the front surface 103 of the main body 1.
  • the circumferential side wall 102 is of the Front wall 103 of the planar main body 1 thus downward or backward from.
  • Out Fig. 2 It can also be seen that a portion 201 of the electroluminescent device 20 continues inside the main body recess 101 and covers part of the inner surface of the wall 101 delimiting the recess 101.
  • the depression 101 further comprises a bottom 105, which in the illustrated example is located approximately at half the height of the circumferential side wall 102 of the depression 101.
  • a bottom 105 In the middle of this bottom 105, an opening 106 is made, through which, for example, the axis of a potentiometer (not shown) can pass.
  • an operating knob At the projecting end of the axis of the potentiometer, an operating knob may be attached.
  • the spreading lane 107 ( Fig. 1 ), which runs virtually parallel to the recess wall 102, indicates the direction in which the controlled variable, for example volume, receives its greater value.
  • a cavity 7 is executed, which opens to the rear or backward.
  • This cavity 7 may have a quadrangular contour.
  • this cavity 7 is bounded laterally by four walls 43, which project backwards from the rear side of the planar portion 103 of the main body 1.
  • the cavity 7 serves to receive a source 15 for supplying the electroluminescent device 20 with electrical energy.
  • the cavity 7 is located in Fig. 2 shown case below said recess 101.
  • pins 17 and 18 are shown, via which a DC voltage of, for example, 12 volts of the source 15 is supplied. These contact pins 17 and 18 are located on the side facing away from the electroluminescent device 20 side of the source 15th
  • Fig. 3 shows in a vertical section the structure of the electroluminescent device 20, wherein it is in Fig. 3 only an excerpt from the device 20, which in Fig. 2 is shown.
  • the electroluminescent device 20 comprises a front transparent or at least translucent and planar part 2, which in Fig. 3 is shown at the top.
  • the film 2 must also have the property of being deep-drawable. Plastics which are suitable for the production of such films 2 are well known. Representative of other materials of this kind, for example, a film may be mentioned, which sells the company Bayer AG under the brand Makrofol®. To achieve special effects, the film 2 can also be realized by means of multi-layer structure.
  • the lower and rear of the in Fig. 3 illustrated film 2 is provided with a two-dimensional motif 9.
  • This motif 9 can be, for example, three-dimensional graphic representations such as symbols, images, numbers, etc.
  • the contents of such motifs 9 are defined by spaced discrete elements 8 and intervening windows 81. Light which passes through the film 2 through the windows 81 between the motif elements 8, reproduces the content of the motif 9.
  • the motif elements 8 appear in the sectional view of Fig. 3 as discrete strokes, which are attached to the back and back of the film 2.
  • These motifs 9 are thus located inside the electroluminescent device 20, where they are protected, for example, against abrasion and other negative influences by the film 2 arranged in front of it.
  • the rear side of the film 2 and thus also the rear side of the motif 9 is associated with the actual luminescence device 10, which in the case shown is an electroluminescent device.
  • this Device also called only EL device or EL lamp 10.
  • the EL device 10 has two planar electrodes, namely a front electrode 11 and a back electrode 12, which are at a distance from each other.
  • a dielectric 13 is disposed between these electrodes 11 and 12. This dielectric 13 is such that it can shine when the operating voltage is applied to the electrodes 11 and 12 of the EL device 10.
  • a cover layer 14 which is made of an insulating material.
  • the electroluminescent device 20 is first produced.
  • the film 2 is provided. This means that the film 2 is initially present in its undeformed, ie practically planar shape.
  • This film 2 is further used as a carrier in the EL device 20, including as a support for the EL device 10.
  • the rear or rear side of the film 2 is provided with one or more motifs 9, for example by printing , On the back side of the motif 9 and on the areas of the rear side of the film 2 which are exposed between the motif elements 8, the first electrode, ie the front electrode 11 of the EL device 10, is applied in a further production step. This can also be done in a per se known method.
  • the material of the front electrode 11 must also be not only conductive but also transparent or at least translucent.
  • the material of the front electrode 11 is an electrically conductive material based on organic, from the group consisting of Baytron® and / or polyaniline and / or polypyrrole, modified with highly flexible binders, for example based on PU, PMMA, PVA.
  • a further layer 13 is applied, which consists of the aforementioned dielectric material.
  • This material may for example consist of a mixture of ZnS, BaTiO 3 and the aforementioned highly flexible binders.
  • this back electrode 12 may be an inorganic or organic based electrically conductive material, e.g. Baytron® and / or polyaniline and / or polypyrrole modified with highly flexible binders, e.g. based on PU, PMMA, PVA.
  • the material of this layer 12 may be mixed with silver or carbon and / or supplemented with a layer of these materials.
  • the covering layer 14 is applied to the rear side of the EL device 10.
  • the electroluminescent device 20 in which the EL device 10 firmly adheres to the film 2, is now deep drawn, embossed, hollow embossed, solid embossed or the like. Fig. 2 and 4 ).
  • the electroluminescent device 20 thus formed can, inter alia, also have elevations 3 and depressions 4 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) exhibit.
  • the thickness of these portions 3, and 4 of the EL device 20 is substantially the same as the thickness of the non-deformed portions 5 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) of the electroluminescent device 20.
  • FIG. 4 shows one of the regions of the EL device 20 in a vertical section, which has such an opening 110.
  • This opening 110 has a circular contour and to this contour, an extension 201 connects, which has the shape of a short piece of pipe.
  • the wall 111 or the walls of this extension 201 are at a practically right angle alpha to the end face 29 of the electroluminescent device 20.
  • the extension 201 has been formed from that portion of the material of the EL device 20, which was located within said circular contour of the opening 110 and which was drawn into the opening 110 by the deep drawing. Between the extension 201 and the plan, the opening 110 surrounding portion of the EL device 20 is a curved transition section 6 (FIG. Fig. 4 and 10 ) of the EL device 20. The radius of curvature of this transition section 6, which extends from the end face 29 of the electroluminescent device 20 to the side surface 111 of said extension 201, can be kept very small.
  • the radius of curvature of the transition section 6 may be less than 1mm, without causing cracks in the layers of the EL device 20.
  • the dielectric 13 is compared to the electrodes 11 and 12 of the EL device 20 is a relatively thick layer.
  • This dielectric layer 13 may consist of several superimposed layers.
  • Fig. 10 the relevant section of the transition region 6 of the EL device 20 is shown greatly enlarged.
  • the electroluminescent device 20 shown has a dielectric layer 13 consisting of three layers 131, 132 and 133. These layers 131, 132 and 133 may be made of any of the aforementioned dielectric materials or may be made of different dielectric materials. During the manufacture of the EL device 20, the layers 131, 132 and 133 are applied individually and successively to the front electrode 11 and to the respectively previously applied layer.
  • the lower edge 115 of the extension 201 is free. Because of the already mentioned extraordinary adhesion of the individual layers of the electroluminescent device 20 to each other and their high elongation, the electroluminescent device 20 retains its original or existing in the front surface 103 structure also in the deep-drawn section 201. Consequently, the cylindrical inner surface 111 of this extension 201 through the electroluminescent device 10 emit light generated.
  • both the cover layer 14 and the dielectric layer 13 extend into the region of the cutting edge 115.
  • a safety-relevant advantage namely the electrodes 11 and 12, which are located at a comparatively high electrical potential, can not be touched, because their free edges are covered at least by the insulating material of the covering layer 14.
  • the layers 13 and 14 extending to the cutting edge 115 prevent the possible penetration of moisture into the spaces between the individual layers of the electroluminescent device 20.
  • the main body 1 is assigned to the rear side of the electroluminescent device 20. This can be done, for example, by injecting the electroluminescent device 20 with a suitable material. Some of the materials suitable for this purpose have been mentioned above.
  • Fig. 5 shows in a vertical section that section of the device according to Fig. 2 in which the depression is located, together with the relevant section of the main body 1, in which the tubular piece extension 201 is located. It is understood that the material of the main part 1 put on the outside of the extension 115 during the back molding.
  • Fig. 6 shows a tool 30 in which the in Fig. 1 2 can be produced by injecting the electroluminescent device 20.
  • This tool 30 has a lower part 31 and an upper part 32, which match one another and which are guided in a manner known per se, for example, pivotable or rectilinearly displaceable, if this tool 30 is to be opened and closed.
  • the lower mold part 31 is a first die insert 33 and in the upper mold part 32 is a second die insert 34.
  • the course of the surface of the cavity in the respective die insert 33 and 34 corresponds to the course of the desired surface of that side of the display device, which by the relevant Die insert 33 or 34 to be formed.
  • channels 37 are executed, through which the material which is to reach into the cavity of the tool is introduced into the tool 30 and distributed in this.
  • an electronic part belongs namely a converter 16, which converts a relatively low DC voltage of, for example, 12 V in a required for the operation of the EL device 10 and relatively high AC voltage.
  • this converter 16 is embedded in the already mentioned cavity 7 of the main body 1 and held in place with the aid of, for example, a clamping sleeve 44.
  • the transducer 16 may only be partially recessed in the main body 1 of the display device, or it may be present as a unit independent of the display device.
  • the aforementioned contact pins 17 and 18 From the back of the transducer 16 are also the aforementioned contact pins 17 and 18 from which may protrude partially from the material of the main body 1. To the protruding from the main body 1 portions of the pins 17 and 18, the poles of a DC voltage source, such as a battery (not shown) may be connected.
  • the voltage required for the operation of the electroluminescent device 20 may be 110V / 400Hz and it is connected to the electroluminescent device 20 via contactors 21 and 22. ( Fig. 7 . 8th and 9 )
  • the first of these contact devices 21 contacts the rear electrode 12 of the EL lamp 10.
  • the second of the contact devices 22 contacts the front electrode 11 of the EL lamp 10.
  • the first of these contact devices 21 is located in the first channel 38 of the main part 1.
  • the second of the contact devices 22 is located in the second channel 39 of the main part 1.
  • the respective contact device 21 or 22 comprises a spring, in the illustrated case, a coil spring 210 and 220.
  • the springs 210 and 220 are located at one end at a corresponding electrically conductive output point 211 and 221 of the Converter 16 on.
  • the other end of the spring 210 of the first contact device 21 rests on the material of the back electrode 12 of the EL device 10.
  • the other end of the spring 220 of the second contact device 22 rests on the material of the front electrode 11 of the EL device 10.
  • Fig. 7 The arrangement shown relates to the case when the contact devices 21 and 22 are associated with a portion of the EL lamp 10 thereof, where the electrodes 11 and 12 of the EL lamp 10 are not superimposed. This may for example be the case in an edge portion 42 of the EL lamp 10, which in Fig. 7 is shown. In this edge portion 42, the peripheral edge of the back electrode 12 is located at a greater distance from the edge 42 of the EL lamp 10 than the peripheral edge of the front electrode 11. Up to the edge 42 of the EL lamp 10, only the cover electrode 14, which consists of an electrically insulating Material is.
  • the electrodes 11 and 12 of the EL lamp 10 are to be contacted by the supply source 15 in an inner region of the EL lamp 10, in which the electrodes 11 and 12 are superimposed, then in the layer of the return electrode 12, an opening 43 for be carried out the passage of those contact device 22 which is to touch the front electrode 11.
  • the opening 43 in the return electrode 12 must be so large that this contact device 22 does not touch the return electrode 12. For this purpose, it is usually sufficient if the opening 43 in the return electrode 12 is sufficiently large to prevent the spring 220 of the contact device 22 for the front electrode 11 from touching the return electrode 12.
  • Said supply source 15 is now inserted into the cavity 7 of the main body 1, in such a way that the contact devices 21 and 22 in the channels 38 and 39 of the main body 1 lie.
  • the supply source 16 is pressed into the cavity 7 until the front ends of the spring 210 and 220 rest on the conductive layer of the respective electrode 12 and 13 of the electroluminescent device 10. After that you have to fix the supply source 15 in this position, which can be done for example by a suitable adhesive or the like.
  • Fig. 9 shows a further possibility of how the supply source 15 may be associated with the main body 1.
  • the essential part of the supply source 15 is embedded in the main body 1.
  • a planar intermediate piece 46 is used.
  • this intermediate piece 46 there are channels 48 and 49, which extend perpendicular to the main surfaces of the intermediate piece 46.
  • One of the large surfaces of the intermediate piece 46 is adhered to the cover layer 14 of the EL lamp 10.
  • the supply source 15 is assigned to the intermediate piece 46 so that the respective spring 38 or 39 of the supply source 15 passes through one of the channels 48 and 49 so that their front end rests on the relevant electrode 11 or 12 of the EL lamp 10 ,
  • the front of the transducer 16 is adhered.
  • the semi-finished product prepared in this way can be placed in the mold 30 and back-injected with the material of the main body 1.
  • the lower part 31 of the tool 30 is in this case shaped so that the material of the main body 1 are also behind the transducer 16 and that only portions of the pins 17 and 18 protrude from this material of the main body 1, to which the already mentioned DC voltage can be created.
  • the display device comprises the main body 1 and the EL device 20.
  • This electroluminescent device 20 consists of the film 2 and the electroluminescent device 10, which together form a whole.
  • the surface of the film 2 facing the electroluminescent device 10 is provided with motifs 9 to be displayed.
  • the electroluminescent device 10 comprises the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12, between which the dielectric 13 is located.
  • the front electrode 11 is assigned to the motif 9 reproducing layer and integral with this.
  • the supply source 15 is arranged, which contacts the electrodes 11 and 12 of the electroluminescent device 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The three-dimensional electroluminescent display has a transparent front part and an electroluminescence arrangement (10) behind the front part. At least the layers of an electroluminescence device (20) are connected to each other so that they protrude beyond a severe curvature of the electroluminescence arrangement without problems. An independent claim is also included for the following: a method of manufacturing an inventive device.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine dreidimensionale Elektrolumineszenzanzeige mit einem durchsichtigen Vorderteil und mit einer hinter diesem Vorderteil angeordneten Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung.The present invention relates to a three-dimensional electroluminescent display with a transparent front part and with an electroluminescent device arranged behind this front part.

Eine dreidimensionale Elektrolumineszenzanzeige dieser Gattung ist bereits bekannt. Dieses vorbekannte Gerät weist eine durchsichtige Scheibe auf. Zum Beispiel die vordere Grossfläche dieser Scheibe ist mit einer nicht lichtdurchlässigen Schicht versehen, in welcher Motive, wie z.B. Grafik, Symbole, Bilder oder dgl. ausgeführt sein können. Zum Schutz dieser Motive ist die Vorderseite der Motive mit einer Schutzschicht beispielsweise aus einem klaren und harten Harz überdeckt. Eine Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung bzw. eine EL-Lampe ist der vom Motiv abgewandten Seite der Scheibe zugeordnet. Diese EL-Lampe ist mit Laschen bzw.- Fahnen versehen, von welchen die eine Fahne an eine der Elektroden der EL-Lampe und die andere Fahne an die andere Elektrode der EL-Lampe angeschlossen sind. Ueber diese Fahnen bzw. Laschen wird die EL-Lampe mit elektrischer Energie versorgt.A three-dimensional electroluminescent display of this type is already known. This prior art device has a transparent disc. For example, the front major surface of this disc is provided with a non-translucent layer in which motifs such as e.g. Graphics, icons, images or the like. Can be executed. To protect these subjects, the front of the subjects is covered with a protective layer of, for example, a clear and hard resin. An electroluminescent device or an EL lamp is assigned to the side facing away from the subject of the disc. This EL lamp is provided with lugs, of which one flag is connected to one of the electrodes of the EL lamp and the other lug is connected to the other electrode of the EL lamp. About these flags or tabs, the EL lamp is supplied with electrical energy.

Der Frontbereich dieses vorbekannten Gerätes ist wegen der Notwendigkeit, mehrere Schichten zu verwenden, kompliziert aufgebaut. Ausserdem wird es oft verlangt, dass das Anzeigegerät eine nicht ebene Form aufweist. Oft wird nämlich verlangt, dass die Anzeige Fenster oder Vertiefungen aufweisen soll, deren Seitenflächen ebenfalls leuchten sollen. Zu diesem Zweck muss die EL-Lampe von der Frontfläche der Anzeige bis in den Bereich der dieses Fenster oder diese Vertiefung begrenzenden Seitenwände derselben gezogen werden. Unter anderem wegen dem zur Rissbildung neigenden Schichtaufbau in der vorbekannten Anzeige kann diese nur sanft gebogen werden. Der minimal erreichbare Radius eines gekrümmten Abschnittes der vorbekannten Anzeige liegt im Bereich von etwa 6mm. Dies ist beispielsweise bei Paneelgeräten in einem Automobil ein zu grosser Radius. Problematisch ist auch das Anbringen der genannten Laschen bzw. Fahnen an den Elektroden der EL-Lampe. Dies deswegen, weil diese Elektroden durch sehr dünne Schichten gebildet sind, während die Laschen bzw. Fahne im Vergleich mit den Elektrodenschichten verhältnismässig dicke Materialstreifen sind.The front portion of this prior art device is complicated because of the need to use multiple layers. In addition, it is often required that the display device have a non-planar shape. In fact, it is often required that the display should have windows or depressions whose side surfaces should also light up. For this purpose, the EL lamp has to be pulled from the front surface of the display to the area of the side walls of the display which delimit this window or recess. Among other things, because of the tendency to crack layer structure in the prior art display this can only be bent gently. The minimum achievable radius of a curved portion of the prior art display is in the range of about 6mm. This is for example in panel devices in an automobile too large a radius. Also problematic is the attachment of said tabs or flags on the electrodes of the EL lamp. This is because these electrodes are formed by very thin layers, while the tabs or flag are relatively thick strips of material in comparison with the electrode layers.

WO94/14180 offenbart eine formbare Elektrolumineszenzanzeige mit flexiblen EL-Lampen auf einem formbaren Substrat. Eine dreidimensionale Elektrolumineszenzanzeige wird aus einem lichtdurchlässigen, flächenhaften, thermoplastischen Substrat und einer EL-Lampe gebildet, die in die gewünschte Form gepresst wird. Die EL-Lampe besteht aus einer dünnen, lichtdurchlässigen Elektrode auf dem Substrat mit mehreren innig geklebten, thermoplastischen Schichten. Eine thermoplastische Schicht enthält Leuchtstoffpartikel, eine Schicht ist isolierend und eine Schicht bildet die Rückelektrode. Die geformte Elektrolumineszenzanzeige ist noch funktionsfähig nach der Formung. WO94 / 14180 discloses a moldable electroluminescent display with flexible EL lamps on a moldable substrate. A three-dimensional electroluminescent display is formed of a translucent, sheet-like, thermoplastic substrate and an EL lamp which is pressed into the desired shape. The EL lamp consists of a thin, translucent electrode on the substrate with several intimately bonded, thermoplastic layers. A thermoplastic layer contains phosphor particles, one layer is insulating and one layer forms the back electrode. The shaped electroluminescent display is still functional after molding.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, diese sowie noch weitere Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu beheben.The object of the present invention is to overcome these and other disadvantages of the prior art.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei der dreidimensionalen Elektrolumineszenzanzeige der eingangs genannten Gattung erfindungsgemäss so gelöst, wie dies im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 definiert ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in the three-dimensional electroluminescent display of the type mentioned above, as defined in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Nachstehend werden Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 in einer Draufsicht die Frontseite einer der Ausführungen der vorliegenden dreidimensionalen Elektrolumineszenzanzeige,
  • Fig. 2 in einem vertikalen Schnitt den Bauteil aus Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 in einem Schnitt einen Ausschnitt aus einem Halbfabrikat, dessen weitere Verarbeitung zum Anzeigegerät aus Fig. 1 führt,
  • Fig. 4 in einem Schnitt das Halbfabrikat aus Fig. 3, nachdem dieses einer Tiefziehbehandlung unterworfen worden ist,
  • Fig. 5 in einem Schnitt das Halbfabrikat aus Fig. 4, nachdem dieses mit einem geeigneten Material hinterspritzt worden ist, welcher den Hauptkörper des vorliegenden Anzeigegerätes darstellt,
  • Fig. 6 in einem Schnitt eine Form, in welcher der Hauptkörper gemäss Fig. 5 hergestellt werden kann,
  • Fig. 7 in einem Schnitt einen Ausschnitt aus jenem Bereich des Anzeigegerätes gemäss Fig. 1 bzw. 2, wo sich Kontaktstellen befinden,
  • Fig. 8 in einem Schnitt einen Ausschnitt aus einem der Randbereiche des Anzeigegerätes gemäss Fig. 1 bzw. 2, wo sich die Kontaktstellen ebenfalls befinden können,
  • Fig. 9 in einem Schnitt die Unterbringung einer Speisequelle im Inneren des Hauptkörpers der vorliegenden Anzeige und
  • Fig. 10 in einem vertikalen Schnitt eine gekrümmte Partie der vorliegenden Anzeige.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:
  • Fig. 1 in a plan view, the front side of one of the embodiments of the present three-dimensional electroluminescent display,
  • Fig. 2 in a vertical section of the component Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 in a section a section of a semi-finished product, its further processing to the display device Fig. 1 leads,
  • Fig. 4 in a cut the semi-finished product Fig. 3 after it has been subjected to deep-drawing treatment,
  • Fig. 5 in a cut the semi-finished product Fig. 4 after it has been back-injected with a suitable material, which is the main body of the present display device,
  • Fig. 6 in a section a shape in which the main body according to Fig. 5 can be produced
  • Fig. 7 in a section a section of that area of the display device according to Fig. 1 or 2, where there are contact points,
  • Fig. 8 in a section a section of one of the edge regions of the display device according to Fig. 1 or 2, where the contact points can also be located,
  • Fig. 9 in a section, the accommodation of a supply source inside the main body of the present display and
  • Fig. 10 in a vertical section, a curved portion of the present display.

Fig.1 zeigt in einer Draufsicht die Frontseite einer der möglichen Ausführungen der vorliegenden dreidimensionalen Elektrolumineszenzanzeige. Diese dreidimensionale Elektrolumineszenzanzeige wird im Nachstehenden kurz auch als genannte. Fig. 2 zeigt einen vertikalen Schnitt durch das Anzeigegerät aus Fig. 1. Das Anzeigegerät weist einen im wesentlichen flächenhaften Hauptkörper 1 auf, welcher mit einer Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 versehen ist. Diese Einrichtung 20 ist im wesentlichen der Frontfläche 103 des Hauptkörpers 1 zugeordnet und sie kann gewünschte grafische Darstellungen wie Bilder, Zahlen usw. leuchtend erscheinen lassen. Dieser Hauptkörper 1 ist aus einem geeigneten Kunststoff, wobei es von Vorteil ist, wenn dieser Kunststoff sich in einem Spritzgiessprozess verarbeiten lässt. Es kann sich beispielsweise um ein Material aus der Gruppe von Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol-Terpolymere (ABS) handeln. Fig.1 shows in plan view the front side of one of the possible embodiments of the present three-dimensional electroluminescent display. This three-dimensional electroluminescent display will be briefly referred to as below. Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through the display device Fig. 1 , The display device has a substantially planar main body 1, which is provided with an electroluminescent device 20. This device 20 is substantially associated with the front surface 103 of the main body 1 and can make desired graphic representations such as images, numbers, etc. shine. This main body 1 is made of a suitable plastic, and it is advantageous if this plastic can be processed in an injection molding process. It may, for example, be a material from the group of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymers (ABS).

In der Frontseite 103 des Hauptkörpers 1 des dargestellten Anzeigegeräts ist eine Vertiefung 101 ausgeführt, welche einen kreisförmigen Umriss hat. Diese Vertiefung 101 weist eine kreisförmig umlaufende Seitenwand 102 auf, deren Innenfläche zur Hauptebene bzw. zur Frontseite 103 des flächenhaften Hauptkörpers 1 praktisch rechtwinklig steht. Die Oberfläche dieses Abschnittes der Innenfläche 102 der Vertiefung 101 schliesst sich an die Frontfläche 103 des Hauptkörpers 1 an. Die umlaufende Seitenwand 102 steht von der Frontwand 103 des flächenhaften Hauptkörpers 1 somit nach unten bzw. rückwärts ab. Aus Fig. 2 ist ferner ersichtlich, dass sich ein Abschnitt 201 der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 im Inneren der Hauptkörper-Vertiefung 101 fortsetzt und einen Teil der Innenfläche der die Vertiefung 101 begrenzenden Wand 102 bedeckt.In the front side 103 of the main body 1 of the illustrated display device, a recess 101 is executed, which has a circular outline. This recess 101 has a circular circumferential side wall 102, whose inner surface is practically perpendicular to the main plane or to the front side 103 of the planar main body 1. The surface of this portion of the inner surface 102 of the recess 101 adjoins the front surface 103 of the main body 1. The circumferential side wall 102 is of the Front wall 103 of the planar main body 1 thus downward or backward from. Out Fig. 2 It can also be seen that a portion 201 of the electroluminescent device 20 continues inside the main body recess 101 and covers part of the inner surface of the wall 101 delimiting the recess 101.

Die Vertiefung 101 umfasst ferner einen Boden 105, welcher sich im dargestellten Beispiel etwa auf der halben Höhe der umlaufenden Seitenwand 102 der Vertiefung 101 befindet. In der Mitte dieses Bodens 105 ist eine Oeffnung 106 ausgeführt, durch welche beispielsweise die Achse eines Potentiometers (nicht dargestellt) hindurchgehen kann. An dem vorstehenden Ende der Achse des Potentiometers kann ein Betätigungsknopf angebracht sein. Die sich verbreitende Spur 107 (Fig. 1), welche praktisch parallel zur Vertiefungswand 102 verläuft, deutet die Richtung an, in welcher die gesteuerte Grösse, beispielsweise Lautstärke, ihren grösseren Wert erhält.The depression 101 further comprises a bottom 105, which in the illustrated example is located approximately at half the height of the circumferential side wall 102 of the depression 101. In the middle of this bottom 105, an opening 106 is made, through which, for example, the axis of a potentiometer (not shown) can pass. At the projecting end of the axis of the potentiometer, an operating knob may be attached. The spreading lane 107 ( Fig. 1 ), which runs virtually parallel to the recess wall 102, indicates the direction in which the controlled variable, for example volume, receives its greater value.

In einem weiteren Bereich des Hauptkörpers 1 des Gerätes ist ein Hohlraum 7 ausgeführt, welcher sich nach hinten bzw. rückwärts öffnet. Dieser Hohlraum 7 kann eine viereckförmige Kontur haben. In diesem Fall ist dieser Hohlraum 7 durch vier Wände 43 seitlich begrenzt, welche von der Rückseite des flächenhaften Abschnittes 103 des Hauptkörpers 1 rückwärts abstehen. Der Hohlraum 7 dient zur Aufnahme einer Quelle 15 zur Speisung der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 mit elektrischer Energie. Der Hohlraum7 liegt im in Fig. 2 gezeigten Fall unterhalb der genannten Vertiefung 101. In Fig. 2 sind auch Kontaktstifte 17 und 18 dargestellt, über welche eine Gleichspannung von beispielsweise 12 Volt der Quelle 15 zugeführt wird. Diese Kontaktstifte 17 und 18 befinden sich an der von der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 abgewandten Seite der Quelle 15.In a further region of the main body 1 of the device, a cavity 7 is executed, which opens to the rear or backward. This cavity 7 may have a quadrangular contour. In this case, this cavity 7 is bounded laterally by four walls 43, which project backwards from the rear side of the planar portion 103 of the main body 1. The cavity 7 serves to receive a source 15 for supplying the electroluminescent device 20 with electrical energy. The cavity 7 is located in Fig. 2 shown case below said recess 101. In Fig. 2 are also pins 17 and 18 are shown, via which a DC voltage of, for example, 12 volts of the source 15 is supplied. These contact pins 17 and 18 are located on the side facing away from the electroluminescent device 20 side of the source 15th

Fig. 3 zeigt in einem vertikalen Schnitt die Struktur der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20, wobei es sich in Fig. 3 nur um einen Ab- bzw. Ausschnitt aus der Einrichtung 20 handelt, welche in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Die Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 umfasst einen vorderen durchsichtigen oder zumindest durchscheinenden und flächenhaften Teil 2, welcher in Fig. 3 zuoberst dargestellt ist. Die Folie 2 muss ferner die Eigenschaft haben, dass sie sich tiefziehen lässt. Kunststoffe, welche für die Herstellung solcher Folien 2 geeignet sind, sind allgemein bekannt. Stellvertretend für auch andere Materialien dieser Art kann beispielsweise eine Folie genannt werden, welche die Firma Bayer AG unter der Marke Makrofol® vertreibt. Zur Erzielung besonderer Effekte kann die Folie 2 auch mittels Mehrschichtaufbau realisiert sein. Fig. 3 shows in a vertical section the structure of the electroluminescent device 20, wherein it is in Fig. 3 only an excerpt from the device 20, which in Fig. 2 is shown. The electroluminescent device 20 comprises a front transparent or at least translucent and planar part 2, which in Fig. 3 is shown at the top. The film 2 must also have the property of being deep-drawable. Plastics which are suitable for the production of such films 2 are well known. Representative of other materials of this kind, for example, a film may be mentioned, which sells the company Bayer AG under the brand Makrofol®. To achieve special effects, the film 2 can also be realized by means of multi-layer structure.

Die Unter- bzw. Hinterseite der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Folie 2 ist mit einem zweidimensionalen Motiv 9 versehen. Bei diesem Motiv 9 kann es sich beispielsweise um dreidimensionale grafische Darstellungen wie Symbole, Bilder, Zahlen usw. handeln. Die Inhalte solcher Motive 9 werden durch in Abständen nebeneinander liegende, diskrete Elemente 8 sowie dazwischen liegende Fenster 81 definiert. Licht, welches durch die Fenster 81 zwischen den Motivelementen 8 durch die Folie 2 hindurchgeht, wiedergibt den Inhalt des Motivs 9. Die Motivelemente 8 erscheinen in der Schnittdarstellung von Fig. 3 als diskrete Striche, welche auf der Hinter- bzw. Rückseite der Folie 2 angebracht sind. Diese Motive 9 befinden sich somit im Inneren der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20, wo sie beispielsweise gegen Abrieb und sonstige negative Einflüsse durch die davor angeordnete Folie 2 geschützt sind.The lower and rear of the in Fig. 3 illustrated film 2 is provided with a two-dimensional motif 9. This motif 9 can be, for example, three-dimensional graphic representations such as symbols, images, numbers, etc. The contents of such motifs 9 are defined by spaced discrete elements 8 and intervening windows 81. Light which passes through the film 2 through the windows 81 between the motif elements 8, reproduces the content of the motif 9. The motif elements 8 appear in the sectional view of Fig. 3 as discrete strokes, which are attached to the back and back of the film 2. These motifs 9 are thus located inside the electroluminescent device 20, where they are protected, for example, against abrasion and other negative influences by the film 2 arranged in front of it.

Der Hinterseite der Folie 2 und somit auch der Hinterseite des Motivs 9 ist die eigentliche Lumineszenzvorrichtung 10 zugeordnet, welche im dargestellten Fall eine Elektrolumineszenz-Vorrichtung ist. Im Nachstehenden wird diese Vorrichtung auch nur EL-Vorrichtung oder EL-Lampe 10 genannt. Die EL-Vorrichtung 10 weist zwei flächenhafte Elektroden, nämlich eine Frontelektrode 11 und eine Rückelektrode 12 auf, welche sich in einem Abstand voneinander befinden. Ein Dielektrikum 13 ist zwischen diesen Elektroden 11 und 12 angeordnet. Dieses Dielektrikum 13 ist derart, dass es leuchten kann, wenn die Betriebspannung an die Elektroden 11 und 12 der EL-Vorrichtung 10 angelegt wird. An der Rückseite der EL-Vorrichtung 10 ist eine Abdeckschicht 14 abgelagert, welche aus einem isolierenden Material ist.The rear side of the film 2 and thus also the rear side of the motif 9 is associated with the actual luminescence device 10, which in the case shown is an electroluminescent device. Below is this Device also called only EL device or EL lamp 10. The EL device 10 has two planar electrodes, namely a front electrode 11 and a back electrode 12, which are at a distance from each other. A dielectric 13 is disposed between these electrodes 11 and 12. This dielectric 13 is such that it can shine when the operating voltage is applied to the electrodes 11 and 12 of the EL device 10. At the back of the EL device 10 is deposited a cover layer 14 which is made of an insulating material.

Bei der Herstellung des vorliegenden Gerätes wird zunächst die Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 hergestellt. In einem ersten Herstellungsschritt wird die Folie 2 bereitgestellt. Dies bedeutet, dass die Folie 2 zunächst in ihrer unverformten, d.h. praktisch planen Form vorliegt. Diese Folie 2 dient im weiteren als Träger in der EL- Einrichtung 20, und zwar unter anderem auch als Träger für die EL-Vorrichtung 10. Die Rück- bzw. Hinterseite der Folie 2 wird mit einem oder mehreren Motiven 9 versehen, beispielsweise durch Bedrucken. Auf die Rückseite des Motivs 9 sowie auf die zwischen den Motivelementen 8 frei liegenden Bereichen der Rückseite der Folie 2 wird in einem weiteren Herstellungsschritt die erste Elektrode d.h. die Frontelektrode 11 der EL-Vorrichtung 10 angebracht. Dies kann ebenfalls in einem an sich bekannten Verfahren erfolgen. Bei der Wahl dieses Verfahrens ist darauf zu achten, dass die Frontelektrode 11 auf der Folie 2 möglichst gut haftet. Das Material der Frontelektrode 11 muss ferner nicht nur leitend sondern auch durchsichtig oder zumindest durchscheinend sein. Das Material der Frontelektrode 11 ist ein elektrisch leitendes Material auf organischer Basis, aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Baytron® und/oder Polyanilin und/oder Polypyrrol, modifiziert mit hochflexiblen Bindemitteln, z.B. auf Basis PU, PMMA, PVA.In the manufacture of the present device, the electroluminescent device 20 is first produced. In a first production step, the film 2 is provided. This means that the film 2 is initially present in its undeformed, ie practically planar shape. This film 2 is further used as a carrier in the EL device 20, including as a support for the EL device 10. The rear or rear side of the film 2 is provided with one or more motifs 9, for example by printing , On the back side of the motif 9 and on the areas of the rear side of the film 2 which are exposed between the motif elements 8, the first electrode, ie the front electrode 11 of the EL device 10, is applied in a further production step. This can also be done in a per se known method. When choosing this method, make sure that the front electrode 11 adheres to the film 2 as well as possible. The material of the front electrode 11 must also be not only conductive but also transparent or at least translucent. The material of the front electrode 11 is an electrically conductive material based on organic, from the group consisting of Baytron® and / or polyaniline and / or polypyrrole, modified with highly flexible binders, for example based on PU, PMMA, PVA.

Auf diese Frontelektrode 11 wird eine weitere Schicht 13 aufgetragen, welche aus dem bereits erwähnten dielektrischen Material besteht. Dieses Material kann beispielsweise aus einer Mischung von ZnS, BaTiO3 und den erwähnten hochflexiblen Bindemitteln bestehen.On this front electrode 11, a further layer 13 is applied, which consists of the aforementioned dielectric material. This material may for example consist of a mixture of ZnS, BaTiO 3 and the aforementioned highly flexible binders.

Auf der freien, d.h. hinteren Oberfläche dieser dielektrischen Schicht 13 wird schliesslich die dritte Schicht abgelagert, welche die Rückelektrode 12 darstellt. Das Material dieser Rückelektrode 12 kann ein elektrisch leitendes Material auf anorganischer oder organischer Basis sein, z.B. Baytron® und/oder Polyanilin und/oder Polypyrrol, modifiziert mit hochflexiblen Bindemitteln, z.B. auf Basis PU, PMMA, PVA. Zwecks Verbesserung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit kann das Material dieser Schicht 12 mit Silber oder Kohlenstoff versetzt und/oder mit einer Lage aus diesen Materialien ergänzt sein.On the free, i. Rear surface of this dielectric layer 13, the third layer is finally deposited, which is the back electrode 12. The material of this back electrode 12 may be an inorganic or organic based electrically conductive material, e.g. Baytron® and / or polyaniline and / or polypyrrole modified with highly flexible binders, e.g. based on PU, PMMA, PVA. For the purpose of improving the electrical conductivity, the material of this layer 12 may be mixed with silver or carbon and / or supplemented with a layer of these materials.

Schliesslich wird die Abdeckschicht 14 auf die Hinterseite der EL-Vorrichtung 10 aufgetragen.Finally, the covering layer 14 is applied to the rear side of the EL device 10.

Wegen der nachfolgenden Behandlung dieser Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 ist es von ausserordentlicher Wichtigkeit, dass auch die einzelnen Schichten der Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung 10 so gut wie möglich aufeinander haften. Die vorstehend beschriebene Zusammensetzung der einzelnen Schichten 11 bis 14 gewährleistet nicht nur die unverrückbare Haftung der genannten Schichten aufeinander sondern auch eine bislang nicht erreichbare Dehnfähigkeit der genannten Schichten.Because of the subsequent treatment of this electroluminescent device 20, it is of extreme importance that the individual layers of the electroluminescent device 10 adhere to one another as well as possible. The above-described composition of the individual layers 11 to 14 not only ensures the immovable adhesion of the layers mentioned to each other but also a hitherto unattainable extensibility of said layers.

Die Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20, in welcher die EL-Vorrichtung 10 auf der Folie 2 fest haftet, wird jetzt tiefgezogen, geprägt, hohlgeprägt, massivgeprägt oder dgl. (Fig. 2 und 4). Die so umgeformte Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 kann unter anderem auch Erhebungen 3 und Vertiefungen 4 (Fig. 2) aufweisen. Die Dicke dieser Abschnitte 3, und 4 der EL-Einrichtung 20 ist im wesentlichen dieselbe wie die Dicke der nicht verformten Abschnitte 5 (Fig. 2) der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20.The electroluminescent device 20, in which the EL device 10 firmly adheres to the film 2, is now deep drawn, embossed, hollow embossed, solid embossed or the like. Fig. 2 and 4 ). The electroluminescent device 20 thus formed can, inter alia, also have elevations 3 and depressions 4 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) exhibit. The thickness of these portions 3, and 4 of the EL device 20 is substantially the same as the thickness of the non-deformed portions 5 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) of the electroluminescent device 20.

Während der genannten Verformung der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 können sogar Durchbrüche in der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 erzielt werden, ohne dass die Funktionstüchtigkeit der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 darunter leidet. Fig. 4 zeigt einen der Bereiche der EL-Einrichtung 20 in einem vertikalen Schnitt, welcher einen solchen Durchbruch 110 aufweist. Dieser Durchbruch 110 hat eine kreisförmige Kontur und an diese Kontur schliesst sich ein Fortsatz 201 an, welcher die Form eines kurzen Rohrstückes hat. Die Wand 111 bzw. die Wände dieses Fortsatzes 201 stehen unter einem praktisch rechten Winkel Alpha zur Stirnfläche 29 der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20.During said deformation of the electroluminescent device 20, even breakthroughs in the electroluminescent device 20 can be achieved without the functionality of the electroluminescent device 20 suffering as a result. Fig. 4 shows one of the regions of the EL device 20 in a vertical section, which has such an opening 110. This opening 110 has a circular contour and to this contour, an extension 201 connects, which has the shape of a short piece of pipe. The wall 111 or the walls of this extension 201 are at a practically right angle alpha to the end face 29 of the electroluminescent device 20.

Der Fortsatz 201 ist aus jenem Abschnitt des Materials der EL-Einrichtung 20 gebildet worden, welches sich innerhalb der genannten kreisförmigen Kontur des Durchbruches 110 befand und welches durch das Tiefziehen in den Durchbruch 110 hineingezogen wurde. Zwischen dem Fortsatz 201 und dem planen, den Durchbruch 110 umgebenden Abschnitt der EL-Einrichtung 20 befindet sich ein gekrümmter Uebergangsabschnitt 6 (Fig. 4 und 10) der EL-Einrichtung 20. Der Krümmungsradius dieses Uebergangsabschnittes 6, welcher sich von der Stirnfläche 29 der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 bis zur Seitenfläche 111 des genannten Fortsatzes 201 erstreckt, kann sehr klein gehalten werden. Dank unter anderem der unverrückbaren Haftung der Schichten 2, 9 und 11 bis 14 aufeinander sowie wegen der bislang nicht erreichbaren Dehnfähigkeit der genannten Schichten 2, 9 und 11 bis 14, kann der Krümmungsradius des Uebergangsabschnittes 6 weniger als 1mm betragen, ohne dass Risse in den Schichten der EL-Einrichtung 20 entstehen. Zudem kann die Wand 111 des Fortsatzes 201 zur Stirnfläche 29 der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 unter einem Winkel Alpha von praktisch 90 Grad, d.h. praktisch senkrecht stehen.The extension 201 has been formed from that portion of the material of the EL device 20, which was located within said circular contour of the opening 110 and which was drawn into the opening 110 by the deep drawing. Between the extension 201 and the plan, the opening 110 surrounding portion of the EL device 20 is a curved transition section 6 (FIG. Fig. 4 and 10 ) of the EL device 20. The radius of curvature of this transition section 6, which extends from the end face 29 of the electroluminescent device 20 to the side surface 111 of said extension 201, can be kept very small. Thanks, inter alia, to the immovable adhesion of layers 2, 9 and 11 to 14 on each other and because of them not yet achievable extensibility of said layers 2, 9 and 11 to 14, the radius of curvature of the transition section 6 may be less than 1mm, without causing cracks in the layers of the EL device 20. In addition, the wall 111 of the extension 201 to the end face 29 of the electroluminescent device 20 at an angle alpha of practically 90 degrees, that are practically vertical.

Das Dielektrikum 13 stellt im Vergleich mit den Elektroden 11 und 12 der EL-Einrichtung 20 eine verhältnismässig dicke Schicht dar.The dielectric 13 is compared to the electrodes 11 and 12 of the EL device 20 is a relatively thick layer.

Diese dielektrische Schicht 13 kann aus mehreren aufeinander liegenden Lagen bestehen. In Fig. 10 ist der betreffende Abschnitt des Uebergangsbereiches 6 der EL-Einrichtung 20 stark vergrössert dargestellt.This dielectric layer 13 may consist of several superimposed layers. In Fig. 10 the relevant section of the transition region 6 of the EL device 20 is shown greatly enlarged.

Die in Fig. 10 dargestellte Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 weist eine Dielektrikumschicht 13 auf, welche aus drei Lagen besteht 131, 132 und 133. Diese Lagen 131, 132 und 133 können aus einem der vorstehend genannten dielektrischen Materiale oder sie können aus unterschiedlichen dielektrischen Materialien sein. Während der Herstellung der EL-Einrichtung 20 werden die Lagen 131, 132 und 133 einzeln und nacheinander auf die Frontelektrode 11 bzw. auf die jeweils vorher aufgetragene Lage aufgetragen.In the Fig. 10 The electroluminescent device 20 shown has a dielectric layer 13 consisting of three layers 131, 132 and 133. These layers 131, 132 and 133 may be made of any of the aforementioned dielectric materials or may be made of different dielectric materials. During the manufacture of the EL device 20, the layers 131, 132 and 133 are applied individually and successively to the front electrode 11 and to the respectively previously applied layer.

Die unten liegende Kante 115 des Fortsatzes 201 steht frei. Wegen der bereits erwähnten ausserordentlichen Haftung der einzelnen Schichten der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 aufeinander sowie deren hohen Dehnfähigkeit behält die Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 ihre ursprüngliche bzw. im Bereich der Frontfläche 103 vorhandene Struktur auch im tiefgezogenen Abschnitt 201. Folglich kann auch die zylinderförmige Innenfläche 111 dieses Fortsatzes 201 das durch die Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung 10 erzeugte Licht abstrahlen.The lower edge 115 of the extension 201 is free. Because of the already mentioned extraordinary adhesion of the individual layers of the electroluminescent device 20 to each other and their high elongation, the electroluminescent device 20 retains its original or existing in the front surface 103 structure also in the deep-drawn section 201. Consequently, the cylindrical inner surface 111 of this extension 201 through the electroluminescent device 10 emit light generated.

Bei dieser Ausführung der vorliegenden Einrichtung ist es möglich, die freie Endpartie 115 des Fortsatzes 201 so zu gestalten, dass die Elektroden 11 und 12 nicht bis zur Schnittkante 115 reichen. Sowohl die Frontelektrode 11 als auch die Rückelektrode 12 enden in einem Abstand von der Schnittkante 115. Hingegen sowohl die Abdeckschicht 14 als auch die Dielektrikumschicht 13 reichen bis in den Bereich der Schnittkante 115. Dies bringt unter anderem auch einen sicherheitsrelevanten Vorteil mit sich, nämlich, dass die Elektroden 11 und 12, welche an einem verhältnismässig hohen elektrischen Potential liegen nicht berührt werden können, weil deren freien Kanten zumindest durch das isolierende Material der Abdeckschicht 14 zugedeckt sind. Ausserdem verhindern die bis zur Schnittkante 115 reichenden Schichten 13 und 14 ein allfälliges Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit in die Räume zwischen den einzelnen Schichten der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20.In this embodiment of the present device, it is possible to make the free end portion 115 of the extension 201 so that the electrodes 11 and 12 do not reach the cutting edge 115. Both the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12 terminate at a distance from the cutting edge 115. However, both the cover layer 14 and the dielectric layer 13 extend into the region of the cutting edge 115. This entails, among other things, a safety-relevant advantage, namely the electrodes 11 and 12, which are located at a comparatively high electrical potential, can not be touched, because their free edges are covered at least by the insulating material of the covering layer 14. In addition, the layers 13 and 14 extending to the cutting edge 115 prevent the possible penetration of moisture into the spaces between the individual layers of the electroluminescent device 20.

Nach dem Tiefziehen wird der Hauptkörper 1 der Rückseite der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 zugeordnet. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Hinterspritzen der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 mit einem dazu geeigneten Material. Einige der dazu geeigneten Materialien sind vorstehende bereit genannt worden. Fig. 5 zeigt in einem vertikalen Schnitt jenen Ausschnitt aus dem Gerät gemäss Fig. 2, in welchem sich die Vertiefung befindet, und zwar samt dem betreffenden Abschnitt des Hauptkörpers 1, in welchem der rohrstückförmige Fortsatz 201 liegt. Es versteht sich, dass sich das Material des Hauptteiles 1 während dem Hinterspritzen an die Aussenseite des Fortsatzes 115 legte.After deep drawing, the main body 1 is assigned to the rear side of the electroluminescent device 20. This can be done, for example, by injecting the electroluminescent device 20 with a suitable material. Some of the materials suitable for this purpose have been mentioned above. Fig. 5 shows in a vertical section that section of the device according to Fig. 2 in which the depression is located, together with the relevant section of the main body 1, in which the tubular piece extension 201 is located. It is understood that the material of the main part 1 put on the outside of the extension 115 during the back molding.

Fig. 6 zeigt ein Werkzeug 30, in welchem das in Fig. 1 bzw. 2 gezeigte Gerät durch Hinterspritzen der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 hergestellt werden kann. Dieses Werkzeug 30 hat einen Unterteil 31 und einen Oberteil 32, welche aufeinander passen und welche in einer an sich bekannten Weise zueinander beispielsweise schwenkbar oder geradlinig verschiebbar geführt werden, wenn dieses Werkzeug 30 geöffnet und geschlossen werden soll. Im unteren Formteil 31 befindet sich ein erster Gesenkeinsatz 33 und im oberen Formteil 32 befindet sich ein zweiter Gesenkeinsatz 34. Der Verlauf der Oberfläche der Höhlung im jeweiligen Gesenkeinsatz 33 bzw. 34 entspricht dem Verlauf der gewünschten Oberfläche jener Seite des Anzeigegeräts, welche durch den betreffenden Gesenkeinsatz 33 bzw. 34 geformt werden soll. Im unteren Werkzeugteil 31 sind Kanäle 37 ausgeführt, durch welche das Material, welches in den Hohlraum des Werkzeuges gelangen soll, in das Werkzeug 30 eingeführt und in diesem verteilt wird. Fig. 6 shows a tool 30 in which the in Fig. 1 2 can be produced by injecting the electroluminescent device 20. This tool 30 has a lower part 31 and an upper part 32, which match one another and which are guided in a manner known per se, for example, pivotable or rectilinearly displaceable, if this tool 30 is to be opened and closed. In the lower mold part 31 is a first die insert 33 and in the upper mold part 32 is a second die insert 34. The course of the surface of the cavity in the respective die insert 33 and 34 corresponds to the course of the desired surface of that side of the display device, which by the relevant Die insert 33 or 34 to be formed. In the lower tool part 31 channels 37 are executed, through which the material which is to reach into the cavity of the tool is introduced into the tool 30 and distributed in this.

Im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 2 ist der Verlauf der Oberflächen der Folie 2 bereits beschrieben worden. Der Verlauf der Oberfläche der Höhlung im oberen Gesenkeinsatz 34 muss dem Verlauf der äusseren Oberfläche bzw. der Vorderfläche der Folie 2 entsprechen. Entsprechendes gilt für die Form der Oberfläche der Höhlung im unteren Gesenkeinsatz 33. Hier ist vor allen auf zwei sich in einem Abstand voneinander befindlichen Vorsprünge 38 und 39 hinzuweisen, welche aus der Oberfläche der Höhlung im unteren Gesenkeinsatz 33 hervorstehen. Die Höhe dieser Vorsprünge 38 und 39 ist derart gewählt, dass die Stirnfläche dieser Vorsprünge 38 und 39 während dem Hinterspritzprozess auf der rückwärtigen Seite der EL-Einrichtung 20 aufliegen.In connection with Fig. 2 the course of the surfaces of the film 2 has already been described. The course of the surface of the cavity in the upper die insert 34 must correspond to the course of the outer surface or the front surface of the film 2. The same applies to the shape of the surface of the cavity in the lower die insert 33. In this case, reference should be made in particular to two projections 38 and 39 located at a distance from one another, which protrude from the surface of the cavity in the lower die insert 33. The height of these projections 38 and 39 is selected such that the end face of these projections 38 and 39 rest on the rear side of the EL device 20 during the back injection process.

Dadurch bleiben zwei Kanäle 38 und 39 in diesem Bereich des Hauptkörpers 1 frei, deren Verwendung im nachstehend beschrieben istThis leaves two channels 38 and 39 free in this region of the main body 1, the use of which will be described below

Zur bereits genannten Speisequelle 15 gehört ein elektronischer Teil nämlich ein Wandler 16, welcher eine verhältnismässig niedrige Gleichspannung von beispielsweise 12 V in eine für den Betrieb der EL-Vorrichtung 10 erforderliche und verhältnismässig hohe Wechselspannung umwandelt. Dieser Umformer 16 ist im dargestellten Fall im bereits genannten Hohlraum 7 des Hauptkörpers 1 eingelassen und mit Hilfe beispielsweise einer Spannhülse 44 an Ort und Stelle gehalten. Sonst kann der Wandler 16 im Hauptkörper 1 des Anzeigegeräts nur teilweise eingelassen sein oder dieser kann als eine vom Anzeigegerät unabhängige Einheit vorliegen.For the aforementioned source 15 an electronic part belongs namely a converter 16, which converts a relatively low DC voltage of, for example, 12 V in a required for the operation of the EL device 10 and relatively high AC voltage. In the case shown, this converter 16 is embedded in the already mentioned cavity 7 of the main body 1 and held in place with the aid of, for example, a clamping sleeve 44. Otherwise, the transducer 16 may only be partially recessed in the main body 1 of the display device, or it may be present as a unit independent of the display device.

Von der Rückseite des Wandlers 16 stehen die ebenfalls bereits erwähnten Kontaktstifte 17 und 18 ab, welche aus dem Material des Hauptkörpers 1 teilweise ragen können. An die aus dem Hauptkörper 1 ragenden Abschnitte der Pins 17 und 18 können die Pole einer Gleichspannungsquelle, z.B. eines Akkumulators (nicht dargestellt) angeschlossen sein. Die für den Betrieb der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 erforderliche Spannung kann 110V/ 400Hz betragen und sie wird über Kontaktvorrichtungen 21 und 22 an die Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 angeschlossen. (Fig. 7, 8 und 9)From the back of the transducer 16 are also the aforementioned contact pins 17 and 18 from which may protrude partially from the material of the main body 1. To the protruding from the main body 1 portions of the pins 17 and 18, the poles of a DC voltage source, such as a battery (not shown) may be connected. The voltage required for the operation of the electroluminescent device 20 may be 110V / 400Hz and it is connected to the electroluminescent device 20 via contactors 21 and 22. ( Fig. 7 . 8th and 9 )

Die erste dieser Kontaktvorrichtungen 21 kontaktiert die Rückelektrode 12 der EL-Lampe 10. Die zweite der Kontaktvorrichtungen 22 kontaktiert die Frontelektrode 11 der EL-Lampe 10. Die erste dieser Kontaktvorrichtungen 21 liegt im ersten Kanal 38 des Hauptteiles 1. Die zweite der Kontaktvorrichtungen 22 liegt im zweiten Kanal 39 des Hauptteiles 1.Die jeweiligen Kontaktvorrichtung 21 bzw. 22 umfasst eine Feder, im dargestellten Fall eine Schraubenfeder 210 bzw. 220. Die Federn 210 und 220 liegen einerends an einer entsprechenden elektrisch leitenden Ausgangsstelle 211 bzw. 221 des Wandlers 16 auf. Das andere Ende der Feder 210 der ersten Kontaktvorrichtung 21 liegt auf dem Material der Rückelektrode 12 der EL-Vorrichtung 10 auf. Das andere Ende der Feder 220 der zweiten Kontaktvorrichtung 22 liegt auf dem Material der Frontelektrode 11 der EL-Vorrichtung 10 auf.The first of these contact devices 21 contacts the rear electrode 12 of the EL lamp 10. The second of the contact devices 22 contacts the front electrode 11 of the EL lamp 10. The first of these contact devices 21 is located in the first channel 38 of the main part 1. The second of the contact devices 22 is located in the second channel 39 of the main part 1.The respective contact device 21 or 22 comprises a spring, in the illustrated case, a coil spring 210 and 220. The springs 210 and 220 are located at one end at a corresponding electrically conductive output point 211 and 221 of the Converter 16 on. The other end of the spring 210 of the first contact device 21 rests on the material of the back electrode 12 of the EL device 10. The other end of the spring 220 of the second contact device 22 rests on the material of the front electrode 11 of the EL device 10.

Die in Fig. 7 dargestellte Anordnung betrifft den Fall, wenn die Kontaktvorrichtungen 21 und 22 einem Bereich der EL-Lampe 10 dieser zugeordnet sind, wo die Elektroden 11 und 12 der EL-Lampe 10 nicht übereinander liegen. Dies kann beispielsweise in einer Randpartie 42 der EL-Lampe 10 der Fall sein, welche in Fig. 7 abgebildet ist. In dieser Randpartie 42 liegt die Randkante der Rückelektrode 12 in einem grösseren Abstand von der Kante 42 der EL-Lampe 10 als die Randkante der Frontelektrode 11. Bis zur Kante 42 der EL-Lampe 10 reicht nur die Abdeckelektrode 14, welche aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material ist.In the Fig. 7 The arrangement shown relates to the case when the contact devices 21 and 22 are associated with a portion of the EL lamp 10 thereof, where the electrodes 11 and 12 of the EL lamp 10 are not superimposed. This may for example be the case in an edge portion 42 of the EL lamp 10, which in Fig. 7 is shown. In this edge portion 42, the peripheral edge of the back electrode 12 is located at a greater distance from the edge 42 of the EL lamp 10 than the peripheral edge of the front electrode 11. Up to the edge 42 of the EL lamp 10, only the cover electrode 14, which consists of an electrically insulating Material is.

Wenn die Elektroden 11 und 12 der EL-Lampe 10 durch die Speisequelle 15 in einem innenliegenden Bereich der EL-Lampe 10 kontaktiert werden sollen, in welchem die Elektroden 11 und 12 übereinander liegen, dann muss in der Schicht der Rückelektrode 12 eine Oeffnung 43 für den Durchgang jener Kontaktvorrichtung 22 ausgeführt sein, welche die Frontelektrode 11 berühren soll. Die Oeffnung 43 in der Rückelektrode 12 muss so gross sein, dass diese Kontaktvorrichtung 22 die Rückelektrode 12 nicht berührt. Hierzu genügt es normalerweise, wenn die Oeffnung 43 in der Rückelektrode 12 ausreichend gross ist, um zu verhindern, dass die Feder 220 der Kontaktvorrichtung 22 für die Frontelektrode 11 die Rückelektrode 12 berührt.If the electrodes 11 and 12 of the EL lamp 10 are to be contacted by the supply source 15 in an inner region of the EL lamp 10, in which the electrodes 11 and 12 are superimposed, then in the layer of the return electrode 12, an opening 43 for be carried out the passage of those contact device 22 which is to touch the front electrode 11. The opening 43 in the return electrode 12 must be so large that this contact device 22 does not touch the return electrode 12. For this purpose, it is usually sufficient if the opening 43 in the return electrode 12 is sufficiently large to prevent the spring 220 of the contact device 22 for the front electrode 11 from touching the return electrode 12.

Nachdem der Hauptteil 1 des Anzeigegerätes durch Hinterspritzen der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 hergestellt worden ist, haftet die Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 auf dem Hauptkörper 1. Die genannte Speisequelle 15 wird nun in den Hohlraum 7 des Hauptkörpers 1 eingesetzt, und zwar derart, dass die Kontaktvorrichtungen 21 und 22 in den Kanälen 38 und 39 des Hauptkörper 1 liegen. Danach wird die Speisequelle 16 in den Hohlraum 7 so weit eingedrückt, bis die Frontenden der Feder 210 und 220 auf der leitenden Schicht der betreffenden Elektrode 12 bzw. 13 der Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung 10 aufliegen. Hiernach muss man die Speisequelle 15 in dieser Lage fixieren, was beispielsweise durch einen geeigneten Klebstoff oder dgl. geschehen kann.After the main part 1 of the display device has been produced by injection molding of the electroluminescent device 20, the adheres Electroluminescent device 20 on the main body 1. Said supply source 15 is now inserted into the cavity 7 of the main body 1, in such a way that the contact devices 21 and 22 in the channels 38 and 39 of the main body 1 lie. Thereafter, the supply source 16 is pressed into the cavity 7 until the front ends of the spring 210 and 220 rest on the conductive layer of the respective electrode 12 and 13 of the electroluminescent device 10. After that you have to fix the supply source 15 in this position, which can be done for example by a suitable adhesive or the like.

Fig. 9 zeigt eine weitere Möglichkeit dafür, wie die Speisequelle 15 dem Hauptkörper 1 zugeordnet sein kann. In diesem Fall ist der wesentliche Teil der Speisequelle 15 im Hauptkörper 1 eingelassen. Um diese Anordnung herzustellen wird ein flächenhaftes Zwischenstück 46 verwendet. In diesem Zwischenstück 46 gibt es Kanäle 48 und 49, welche sich senkrecht zu den Hauptflächen des Zwischenstückes 46 erstrecken. Eine der Grossflächen des Zwischenstückes 46 wird auf der Abdeckschicht 14 der EL-Lampe 10 aufgeklebt. Danach wird die Speisequelle 15 dem Zwischenstück 46 so zugeordnet, dass die jeweilige Feder 38 bzw. 39 der Speisequelle 15 durch einen der Kanäle 48 bzw. 49 so hindurchgeht, dass ihr Frontende auf der betreffenden Elektrode 11 bzw. 12 der EL-Lampe 10 aufliegt. Auf die von der EL-Lampe 10 abgewandte Grossfläche des Zwischenstückes 46 wird die Vorderseite des Wandlers 16 aufgeklebt. Das so vorbereitete Halbzeug kann in die Form 30 gelegt und mit dem Material des Hauptkörpers 1 hinterspritzt werden. Der untere Teil 31 des Werkzeuges 30 ist in diesem Fall so geformt, dass sich das Material des Hauptkörpers 1 auch hinter dem Wandler 16 befinden und dass nur Abschnitte der Pins 17 und 18 aus diesem Material des Hauptkörpers 1 ragen, an welche die bereits erwähnte Gleichspannung angelegt werden kann. Fig. 9 shows a further possibility of how the supply source 15 may be associated with the main body 1. In this case, the essential part of the supply source 15 is embedded in the main body 1. To make this arrangement, a planar intermediate piece 46 is used. In this intermediate piece 46 there are channels 48 and 49, which extend perpendicular to the main surfaces of the intermediate piece 46. One of the large surfaces of the intermediate piece 46 is adhered to the cover layer 14 of the EL lamp 10. Thereafter, the supply source 15 is assigned to the intermediate piece 46 so that the respective spring 38 or 39 of the supply source 15 passes through one of the channels 48 and 49 so that their front end rests on the relevant electrode 11 or 12 of the EL lamp 10 , On the side remote from the EL lamp 10 large surface of the intermediate piece 46, the front of the transducer 16 is adhered. The semi-finished product prepared in this way can be placed in the mold 30 and back-injected with the material of the main body 1. The lower part 31 of the tool 30 is in this case shaped so that the material of the main body 1 are also behind the transducer 16 and that only portions of the pins 17 and 18 protrude from this material of the main body 1, to which the already mentioned DC voltage can be created.

Das Anzeigegerät umfasst den Hauptkörper 1 und die EL-Einrichtung 20. Diese Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 besteht aus der Folie 2 und der Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung 10, welche miteinander ein Ganzes bilden. Die der Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung 10 zugewandte Fläche der Folie 2 ist mit anzuzeigenden Motiven 9 versehen. Die Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung 10 umfasst die Frontelektrode 11 und die Rückelektrode 12, zwischen welchen sich das Dielektrikum 13 befindet. Die Frontelektrode 11 ist der das Motiv 9 wiedergebenden Schicht zugeordnet und mit dieser einstückig. Innerhalb der Fläche der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 ist die Speisequelle 15 angeordnet, welche die Elektroden 11 und12 der Elektrolumineszenzeinrichtung 20 kontaktiert.The display device comprises the main body 1 and the EL device 20. This electroluminescent device 20 consists of the film 2 and the electroluminescent device 10, which together form a whole. The surface of the film 2 facing the electroluminescent device 10 is provided with motifs 9 to be displayed. The electroluminescent device 10 comprises the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12, between which the dielectric 13 is located. The front electrode 11 is assigned to the motif 9 reproducing layer and integral with this. Within the surface of the electroluminescent device 20, the supply source 15 is arranged, which contacts the electrodes 11 and 12 of the electroluminescent device 20.

Claims (8)

  1. Three-dimensional electroluminescent display having a transparent front part (2) and a electroluminescent device (10) disposed behind the front part as well as a covering layer (14), wherein this electroluminescent device (10) has a front electrode (11), a rear electrode (12) and a dielectric (13) located between the electrodes (11 and 12), characterised in that at least the layers of the electroluminescent device (20) are interconnected so firmly that these layers withstand even a strong bending of the electroluminescent device undamaged and that the material of the front electrode (11) is an electrically conductive, transparent or translucent material on an organic basis from the group consisting of polyethylene dioxide thiophene and/or polyaniline and/or polypyrrole modified with highly flexible binding agents and the material of the rear electrode (12) is an electrically conductive material on an inorganic or organic basis modified with highly flexible binding agents.
  2. Display according to patent claim 1, characterised in that the dielectric (13) between the electrodes (11, 12) can emit light when a voltage is applied to the electrodes.
  3. Display according to patent claim 2, characterised in that the dielectric material (13) is a mixture of ZnS and BaTiO3 to which a highly flexible binding agent is admixed.
  4. Display according to patent claim 1, characterised in that the front part (2) is implemented as a film of a plastic material.
  5. Display according to patent claim 4, characterised in that a motif is applied on at least on side of the film.
  6. Display according to patent claim 1, characterised in that silver or carbon has been added to the material of the layer (12) and/or that it is supplemented with a layer of these materials.
  7. Display according to patent claim 1, characterised in that plastic is injection-moulded behind the display on the side of the covering layer (14).
  8. Method for producing a three-dimensional electroluminescent display according to claim 1 to 7, characterised in that on a transparent front part (2), onto which a motif is optionally applied on at least one side, the material for a front electrode (11), the material for a dielectric (13) and the material for a rear electrode (12) are applied and then a covering layer (14) is applied, this layer structure is deformed and optionally then has plastic injection-moulded behind it.
EP02801848A 2001-10-24 2002-10-24 Three-dimensional electroluminescence display Revoked EP1446985B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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EP08159253A EP2178342A1 (en) 2001-10-24 2002-10-24 Three-Dimensional Electroluminescence Display
SI200230771T SI1446985T1 (en) 2001-10-24 2002-10-24 Three-dimensional electroluminescence display

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

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CH196501 2001-10-24
CH19652001 2001-10-24
CH200501 2001-11-02
CH20052001A CH695623A5 (en) 2001-11-02 2001-11-02 Three-dimensional electroluminescent display has at least layers of electroluminescence device connected to each other to protrude beyond severe arrangement curvature without problems
PCT/CH2002/000579 WO2003037039A1 (en) 2001-10-24 2002-10-24 Three-dimensional electroluminescence display

Related Child Applications (1)

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EP02801848A Revoked EP1446985B1 (en) 2001-10-24 2002-10-24 Three-dimensional electroluminescence display

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AU (1) AU2002333149B2 (en)
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PT1446985E (en) 2008-11-24
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ATE407542T1 (en) 2008-09-15
KR20040058218A (en) 2004-07-03
DK1446985T3 (en) 2009-01-12
CA2462904A1 (en) 2003-05-01
MXPA04003869A (en) 2004-07-08
JP2005507152A (en) 2005-03-10
AU2002333149B2 (en) 2008-09-04
EP2178342A1 (en) 2010-04-21
DE50212741D1 (en) 2008-10-16
BR0206201A (en) 2005-01-11
NO20032903L (en) 2003-08-22
US20050040769A1 (en) 2005-02-24
PL202480B1 (en) 2009-06-30
IL161370A (en) 2010-11-30
CA2462904C (en) 2014-01-21
NZ532188A (en) 2006-02-24
WO2003037039A1 (en) 2003-05-01
IL161370A0 (en) 2004-09-27
ES2312663T3 (en) 2009-03-01
EA200400571A1 (en) 2004-08-26
HUP0401955A2 (en) 2005-01-28
EP1446985A1 (en) 2004-08-18
SI1446985T1 (en) 2009-02-28
KR100922849B1 (en) 2009-10-20
EA007665B1 (en) 2006-12-29
HRP20040338A2 (en) 2005-02-28
US7439672B2 (en) 2008-10-21

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