EP1443219B1 - Méthode et dispositif pour tester un actionneur pneumatique - Google Patents

Méthode et dispositif pour tester un actionneur pneumatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1443219B1
EP1443219B1 EP04000282A EP04000282A EP1443219B1 EP 1443219 B1 EP1443219 B1 EP 1443219B1 EP 04000282 A EP04000282 A EP 04000282A EP 04000282 A EP04000282 A EP 04000282A EP 1443219 B1 EP1443219 B1 EP 1443219B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
piston
testing
actuator
difference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04000282A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1443219A1 (fr
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Bar Pneumatische Steuerungssysteme GmbH
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Bar Pneumatische Steuerungssysteme GmbH
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Publication of EP1443219A1 publication Critical patent/EP1443219A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/02—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member
    • F15B15/06—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member for mechanically converting rectilinear movement into non- rectilinear movement
    • F15B15/065—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member for mechanically converting rectilinear movement into non- rectilinear movement the motor being of the rack-and-pinion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diagnostic method for a pneumatic actuator with at least one piston which is movable in a housing between two end positions and limits two working spaces, wherein the working spaces are connectable to a pressure supply system, which is under a system pressure, wherein at least one position of the piston in the housing is detected.
  • the invention also relates to a diagnostic device with a pneumatic actuator with at least one piston which is movable in a housing between two end positions and limits two working spaces, which are connectable to a pressure supply system, which is under a system pressure, wherein at least one position of the piston in the Housing by means of the diagnostic device can be displayed.
  • Such diagnostic methods and devices use, for example, a pneumatic actuator with a piston which is movable in a housing between two end positions and limits a first working space, which is connectable to a pressure supply system, which is under system pressure and with a position sensor, by means of which at least one Position of the piston is visible in the housing.
  • Such pneumatic actuators belong to the order of the pressure medium transmission and transmitted by means of a claimable only on pressure medium movement from the drive to the output.
  • a gas in particular air
  • the output member is, for example, a rotatable shaft, wherein each axial displacement of the piston in the housing directly causes rotation of the output shaft.
  • the described pneumatic actuators with position sensors for the piston position are known, for example, from DE 101 52 178 A1, DE 100 26 082 C1, EP 0 894 983 A2, WO 91/10070 A1, WO 91/19907 A1 and DE 42 41 189 A1.
  • the known actuators allow monitoring of the piston position during operation. Thus, a malfunction of the known actuators, z. B. reflected in deviations from a desired position, are determined.
  • diagnostics allow a quick localization of a faulty actuator in a plant, significantly facilitating and speeding up troubleshooting and reducing downtime caused by malfunction.
  • EP 0 947 901 A2 discloses a maintenance monitoring system for valves of steam turbines.
  • a valve is equipped with a long shaft, which is provided on the opposite side with a piston.
  • This piston sits in a pressure chamber, which is acted upon by an inlet with hydraulic pressure.
  • a pressure transducer By means of a pressure transducer, the pressure in the chamber is continuously measured and compared with a target value, whereby conclusions can be made on whether the stroke of the valve, or the valve itself, is in tact.
  • US Pat. No. 5,251,148 discloses a process control valve in which side walls in the area of the liquid flow are arranged with different sensors and thus the flow through the valve can be controlled and at the same time different parameters of the liquid, for example the temperature, are recorded.
  • the valve has a shaft which is equipped at its end opposite the valve with a piston, which in turn housed in a cylinder is.
  • the cylinder has two openings for receiving compressed air and two pressure sensors, which measure the air pressure in the area above the piston and in the area below the piston.
  • the signals from all the sensors are routed to a control system that allows the current measured values to be compared with readings recorded at a previous point in time. If deviations occur, possible errors in the process flow can be detected and corrective measures initiated.
  • the invention has for its object to propose an alternative diagnostic method and corresponding devices and actuators that allow the prediction of the individual life of an actuator.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the difference between a characteristic pressure, which is the static pressure component of the applied pressure in a working space, and a reference pressure, which is the static pressure component of the pressure applied in a second working space, when the second working space is not connected to the pressure supply system, determined by means of a Differenzdruckmesselements and compared with a setpoint.
  • the first working space before the start of a switching operation ie the movement of the piston from one end position to the other - unpressurized. If the first working space is connected to the pressure supply system, the pressure applied in the first working space initially rises continuously without the piston being set in motion. Only when the pressure force acting on the piston from the pressure medium exceeds the static friction forces set against the movement, the piston is accelerated in the direction of the other end position. Starting from this "breakaway point", only lower amounts of sliding friction force counteract the compressive force.
  • the diagnostic method according to the invention is applicable not only to actuators which can be coupled with an element to be actuated (eg armature) in the form of a separate component, but also to those actuators which form a structural unit with the element to be actuated and like them for example, in WO 00/04311 are disclosed.
  • an element to be actuated eg armature
  • the difference between the characteristic pressure and a reference pressure is compared with the desired value, wherein the reference pressure is the static pressure component of the applied pressure in a second working chamber and wherein the second working chamber is not connected to the pressure supply system.
  • the reference pressure is the static pressure component of the applied pressure in a second working chamber and wherein the second working chamber is not connected to the pressure supply system.
  • the difference between the respective characteristic and reference pressures in the work spaces can be determined with minimal structural complexity in a usable for both directions of actuation differential pressure measuring element.
  • Such measuring elements are well known and available for a variety of applications and sizes as inexpensive mass product on the market.
  • the miniaturization of this measuring element allows - with appropriate dimensions of the component in question - its integration in the housing or even in the piston of the actuator according to the invention.
  • a profile of the pressure difference between two operating points of the actuator is preferably compared with a course of the desired value.
  • the pressure curves from the beginning of the application to breakaway, from breakaway to striking in the other end position and from this point to reach the system pressure in the diagnosis and, if appropriate, with the movement profile of the piston between the End positions are correlated. Any deviation from the relevant setpoint, for example, can be used as a trigger of an immediate visual inspection during operation, as a prerequisite for replacement at the next scheduled downtime or prophylactically for automatic switching to a redundant system path.
  • a diagnostic method preferably determines a pressure reserve for a switching operation, wherein the pressure reserve is the difference between a maximum value of the pressure difference before breakage of the piston and the system pressure.
  • This pressure reserve corresponds indirectly - via the pressurized piston surface in a cylindrical housing of a linearly acting actuator - a power reserve or - on the pressurized piston surface and the effective lever arm in a rotary drive - a torque reserve as a measure of the adjustable in principle from the rest position load: exceeds the static friction the load the force or torque reserve of the actuator, so the setting process is blocked.
  • a warning signal is generated when falling below a minimum limit pressure reserve.
  • an actuating pressure is advantageously determined for a setting process, wherein the setting pressure is the value of the pressure difference when an end position of the piston is reached.
  • the set pressure defined in this way corresponds to the pressure required to complete the setting process - for example, to completely open or close a valve.
  • An increase in the control pressure can indicate, on the one hand, wear of sealing and sliding surfaces of the actuator or of the set element and an increase in the sliding friction forces caused thereby.
  • deposits on the actuator or on the provided element which hinder the reaching of the end position - for example, in a fluid-technical system, a solids deposit of the fluid deposited on the valve seat - also result in an increase in the setting pressure. Again, it is particularly helpful if a warning signal is generated when a maximum limit pressure is exceeded.
  • the measurement of the pressure reserve and the pressure difference or one of the two values is advisable.
  • the measurement can then be triggered particularly simply by an electric pulse generator, for example each registers the beginning or the end of an (electrically conductive) contact between the pistons or between a piston and the housing end.
  • Both limits - limit pressure reserve and limit pressure - are typically largely freely selectable depending on the particular use of the actuator, but should always be selected with a surcharge to the adhesive or Gleitreibungs instituten of the load to be placed, which absorbs fluctuations in these forces on the one hand, on the other hand wear Increasing the pressure difference during operation allows replacement of the actuator at plannable intervals.
  • the pre-assembly of actuators lends itself to fixed set limit values.
  • actuators can also be provided, which allow adjustment of a limit value directly on the actuator.
  • Limit values can also be stored in the form of fixed numerical values in an external diagnostic device. The diagnostic device is then connected to the actuator via a pressure line or - necessarily, especially at longer distances between the actuator and the diagnostic device - via a data line for transmitting the current value of the pressure difference or even the pressure reserve and / or the control pressure.
  • a warning signal in the context of such a diagnostic method according to the invention can be output, for example, in the form of simple - and generally known - optical or acoustic signal elements which are arranged directly on the actuator.
  • a warning signal can also-alternatively or additionally-have the form of an electrical or electromagnetic signal which is transmitted from a diagnostic device arranged on the actuator to a further distant display element, for example on a central display panel or also to a control computer for a larger system.
  • a differential pressure measuring element is provided with which the difference between a characteristic pressure, which is the static pressure component of a voltage applied in a working space, and a reference pressure, the static pressure component of the second working space applied pressure is when the second working space is not connected to the pressure supply system, can be measured and evaluated by means of the diagnostic device.
  • a diagnostic device is used to carry out the above-described diagnostic method according to the invention.
  • the diagnostic device according to the invention can be used in conjunction with actuators, which are merged with the valve to be operated to form a structural unit.
  • a diagnostic device preferably has a digital computing unit in which the comparison of the two characteristic pressures is carried out.
  • Suitable electronic Computing units are well known and available in various designs as mass-produced inexpensively on the market. Basically, the use of analog pneumatic comparators is possible. However, apart from special cases, for example, exclude the use of electronic components, this variant is not preferred for cost reasons.
  • the use of programmable electronic computing units makes it possible to use commercially available standard components; on the other hand, the diagnostic device according to the invention can be used for other purposes in a particularly favorable manner, namely by reprogramming instead of exchanging components.
  • a diagnostic device in the context of the invention in particular, a commercial digital computer is to be considered, which is programmed for use in the aforementioned type.
  • Figure 1 shows a pneumatic actuator 1 according to the invention with rack-pinion principle and a closed cylindrical housing 2, two in this axially mounted and self-centering guided, counter-movable piston 3 and a radially emerging from the housing 2 rotatable output shaft 4.
  • the rotation of the output shaft 4 is by two connected to the piston 3 racks 5, which are arranged axially in the housing 2 and engage in a not shown, arranged on the circumference of the output shaft 4 teeth, fixedly coupled to the axial movement of the piston 3.
  • the two pistons 3 close in the housing 2, the inner working space 6, in which the racks 5 and the output shaft 4 extend.
  • the pistons 3 close the outer working spaces 7.
  • compression springs 8 are arranged, which push the pistons 3 at non-pressurized working spaces 6, 7 to each other.
  • the housing 2, the piston 3 and the racks 5 are made of an aluminum alloy by die casting.
  • the outer surfaces are anodized and additionally coated with epoxy resin.
  • the output shaft 4 is made of stainless steel and is provided for connection to the element to be set with a 2-flat, not shown.
  • the working chambers 6, 7 are sealed to the piston 3 with not shown Nitrilkautschukdichtitch against each other.
  • the illustrated actuator 1 has a nominal pivot angle of 120 °.
  • the actuator 1 brings on the element to be positioned at a system pressure 9 of 10 bar a torque of up to 8000 Nm.
  • the working medium is filtered air (PNEUROP / ISO Class 4).
  • the actuator 1 has two pressure ports 10, 11, which can be acted upon by means of a switching element 12 mutually with the working fluid or vented.
  • the inner working space 6 via the second pressure port 11, the outer working spaces 7 are acted upon.
  • the inner working space 6 is acted upon by the first pressure port 10 with the working fluid
  • the outer working spaces 7 are connected via the second pressure port 11 with the environment and have ambient pressure.
  • the compression springs 8 are block and thus define the end position of the piston. 3
  • the pistons 3 are at the beginning of the setting process in the basic position (or "0 ° position") 13 of the actuator 1 according to the invention, at the end of the setting process in the other end position, here the “ 120 ° position "14.
  • the outer working chambers 7 are acted upon by the working fluid and the inner working chamber 6 vented.
  • the static pressure component of the pressure present in the outer working chambers 7 is applied to the pressure measuring connection 15 as the characteristic pressure
  • the static pressure component of the pressure present in the inner working chamber 6 is present at the reference pressure measuring connection 16 as a reference pressure.
  • the functions of pressure and reference pressure measuring port 16 are reversed, but the operation of the diagnosis described below is identical.
  • the pressure measuring connection 15 and the reference pressure measuring connection 16 are connected to a differential pressure measuring element 17, which reports the measured differential pressure 19 to the diagnosis device 20 via a pressure signal line 18.
  • a position sensor 21 is arranged on the actuator 1, which reports via a position signal line 22, the measured position of the piston 3 to the diagnostic device 20.
  • Figure 2 shows the course of the differential pressure 19 and the path 23 at this actuator 1 according to the invention during the adjustment process:
  • the differential pressure 19 corresponds to the amount 19 of the system pressure 8.
  • the differential pressure 19 is defined negative.
  • the amount of the differential pressure 19 drops to 0 (equal pressures on both sides of the piston 3) and then rises to a maximum pressure 24 below the system pressure 8 at.
  • the force acting between the piston 3 and the housing 2 and in the connected element static friction is overcome, the piston 3 break loose.
  • the difference between the maximum pressure 24 and the system pressure 8 is referred to as pressure reserve 25.
  • the pistons 3 now move towards each other at a substantially constant speed. In this case, the differential pressure 19 drops to a lower, also substantially constant amount.
  • control pressure 26 In the end position, the racks 5 are in contact with the respectively opposite piston 3. The movement of the piston 3 ends, the differential pressure 19 increases up to the system pressure 8 at. The pressure level when reaching the end position is referred to as control pressure 26.
  • Figure 3 shows the actuator 1 according to the invention integrated with a diagnostic device according to the invention 20.
  • the diagnostic device 20 has a position indicator 27, which indicates the position of the output shaft 4.
  • the diagnostic device 20 not shown central electrical connections - a terminal block, an actuator-sensor connector and a bus connection - arranged.
  • the position sensor 21 is arranged on the output shaft 4 electronic angle sensor, which also acts as a limit switch.
  • the diagnostic device 20 has a non-illustrated self-adjusting inductive limit switch.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de diagnostic de l'état d'un servomoteur pneumatique (1) avec au moins un piston (3) qui est mobile entre deux positions d'extrémité dans un boîtier (2) et qui définit deux enceintes de travail (6, 7), les enceintes de travail (6, 7) étant aptes à être reliées à un système d'alimentation en pression qui est sous pression (8), au moins une position du piston (3) dans le boîtier (2) étant détectée, caractérisé en ce que la différence entre une pression caractéristique qui est la part statique de la pression régnant dans une enceinte de travail (6, 7) et une pression de référence qui est la part statique de la pression régnant dans une deuxième enceinte de travail (6, 7) quand la deuxième enceinte de travail (6, 7) n'est pas reliée au système d'alimentation en pression est déterminée au moyen d'un élément de mesure de la différence de pression et est comparée à une valeur de consigne.
  2. Procédé de diagnostic selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'une courbe de la différence de pression entre deux points de fonctionnement du servomoteur (1) est comparée à une courbe de la valeur de consigne.
  3. Procédé de diagnostic selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une réserve de pression (25) est déterminée pour un processus de commutation, cette réserve de pression (25) étant la différence entre une valeur maximale de la différence de pression avant le démarrage en trombe du piston (3) et la pression (8) du système.
  4. Procédé de diagnostic selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'un signal d'alarme est généré lorsque la réserve de pression devient inférieure à une valeur limite minimale.
  5. Procédé de diagnostic selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une pression de commande (26) est déterminée pour une commande, la pression de commande (26) étant la valeur de la différence de pression lorsque le piston a atteint une position d'extrémité (3).
  6. Procédé de diagnostic selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un signal d'alarme est généré lorsque la pression de commande dépasse une valeur limite maximale.
  7. Dispositif de diagnostic (20) avec un servomoteur (1) pneumatique avec au moins un piston (3) qui est mobile entre deux positions d'extrémité dans un boîtier (2) et qui définit deux enceintes de travail (6, 7) aptes à être reliées à un système d'alimentation en pression qui est sous pression (8), une position au moins du piston (3) dans le boîtier (2) étant susceptible d'être représentée au moyen du dispositif de diagnostic (20), caractérisé en ce qu'est prévu un élément de mesure de la différence de pression permettant de mesurer la différence entre une pression caractéristique qui est la part statique de la pression régnant dans une enceinte de travail (6, 7) et une pression de référence qui est la part statique de la pression régnant dans la deuxième enceinte de travail quand la deuxième enceinte de travail n'est pas reliée au système d'alimentation en pression, cette différence de pression étant susceptible d'être évaluée au moyen du dispositif de diagnostic (20).
  8. Dispositif de diagnostic (20) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de diagnostic (20) comporte une unité de calcul numérique.
EP04000282A 2003-01-30 2004-01-09 Méthode et dispositif pour tester un actionneur pneumatique Expired - Lifetime EP1443219B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10303889A DE10303889B3 (de) 2003-01-30 2003-01-30 Diagnoseverfahren und -vorrichtung für einen pneumatischen Stellantrieb
DE10303889 2003-01-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1443219A1 EP1443219A1 (fr) 2004-08-04
EP1443219B1 true EP1443219B1 (fr) 2006-08-23

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EP04000282A Expired - Lifetime EP1443219B1 (fr) 2003-01-30 2004-01-09 Méthode et dispositif pour tester un actionneur pneumatique

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EP (1) EP1443219B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE337493T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10303889B3 (fr)
DK (1) DK1443219T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2270181T3 (fr)

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ITMI20071839A1 (it) * 2007-09-25 2009-03-26 Faac Spa "dispositivo azionatore con sensore per il controllo della movimentazione di cancelli"
DE102008033047A1 (de) 2008-07-14 2010-02-25 Abb Technology Ag Meldung der aktiven Sicherheitsstellung bei elektropneumatischen Stellungsreglern
DE102010015647B4 (de) * 2010-04-20 2011-12-29 Samson Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Betriebsposition eines Auf/Zu-Ventils und Feldgerät
DE102010024723B4 (de) 2010-06-23 2014-02-13 Samson Aktiengesellschaft Pneumatischer Stellantrieb und Verfahren zum Betreiben des pneumatischen Stellantriebs
DE102011050941A1 (de) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-13 Bar-Pneumatische Steuerungssysteme Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines pneumatischen Antriebs
US9128008B2 (en) 2012-04-20 2015-09-08 Kent Tabor Actuator predictive system
CN103471836B (zh) * 2013-09-22 2016-04-06 浙江博恩自控阀门有限公司 一种模拟扭矩的疲劳强度测试装置
CN104316318B (zh) * 2014-10-10 2019-11-12 无锡纬途流体科技有限公司 回转式阀门气动执行器的测试装置及测试方法
CN106609883A (zh) * 2015-10-26 2017-05-03 安徽华尔泰化工股份有限公司 一种造气炉液压阀检测头固定支架
DE102018205311A1 (de) 2018-04-09 2019-10-10 Festo Ag & Co. Kg Diagnoseeinrichtung, System und Verfahren

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US5109692A (en) * 1988-08-25 1992-05-05 Fisher Controls International Inc. Diagnostic apparatus and method for fluid control valves
SE463684B (sv) * 1989-12-22 1991-01-07 Mecman Ab Haallaranordning foer kolvlaegesavkaennare
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DE4218320A1 (de) * 1992-06-03 1993-12-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Prüfung einer durch ein Medium angetriebenen Armatur
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10303889B3 (de) 2004-04-08
EP1443219A1 (fr) 2004-08-04
DK1443219T3 (da) 2006-12-27
ATE337493T1 (de) 2006-09-15
DE502004001222D1 (de) 2006-10-05
ES2270181T3 (es) 2007-04-01

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