Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
  • E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
  • E04H1/04—Apartment houses arranged in two or more levels
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/34—Extraordinary structures, e.g. with suspended or cantilever parts supported by masts or tower-like structures enclosing elevators or stairs; Features relating to the elastic stability

Definitions

• the invention relates to a building structure comprising a framework formed by vertical elements and horizontal elements.
• building structures comprising a framework formed by vertical elements and horizontal elements, in particular metallic elements, for constructing high-rise buildings, such as office towers or skyscrapers.
• the building produced is generally in the form of a large parallelepipedic block of slenderness, the central core of which contains the means of vertical circulation, of the elevator or staircase type.
• This known technique has various drawbacks resulting from insufficient natural lighting of interior rooms or offices, and presenting significant risks for the safety of people.
• Document DE 2 152 134 describes a combination of terraces and towers or pillars for residential or office units, in which plates and / or supports are arranged between towers and / or supports to form terraces.
• the arrangement of towers or pillars and terraces is freely chosen to form a heap of terraces (one next to the other and one above the other) according to individual or collective needs, so as to combine the advantages of the home with the advantages of an urban home.
• the towers are shaped so that they can be used not only for the supporting effect of the terraces, but also so that they can be used as desired as elevator shafts, stairwells and supply and evacuation facilities.
• An object of the invention is to improve the brightness in large buildings, so as to save energy and improve the ergonomics and comfort of the occupants of the building.
• Another object of the invention is to ensure the safety of people and of the structure, by limiting the risks of propagation of a fire or an accident and by allowing rapid and total evacuation of the building.
• the subject of the invention is a building structure comprising a framework formed by vertical elements and horizontal elements, in which at least one vertical element comprises or contains means of vertical circulation between floors, characterized in that at at least one horizontal element has a closed annular conformation known as a "stiffening ring" capable of supporting or carrying at least one block of several stages.
• the building structure comprises vertical framework elements in the form of hollow pillars containing at least one elevator and at least one staircase or similar means of vertical circulation,
• each block of several floors is limited laterally so as to provide voids or lights through the framework, so as to illuminate the external faces of the block while increasing the security of the building,
• At least one closed annular conformation of a stiffening ring can be a substantially polygonal annular conformation, or alternatively at least one closed annular conformation of stiffening ring can be a substantially circular annular conformation,
• At least one conformation in an annular cylindrical sector has a radially outer wall substantially in an arc of a circle or substantially polygonal and a radially inner wall substantially in an arc of a circle or substantially polygonal,
• the vertical framework elements extend continuously and substantially over the entire height of the building, and radially project outwardly from at least one stiffening ring of the structure,
• - stiffening rings can carry upper blocks of several stages and can simultaneously support lower blocks of several stages
• At least one vacuum, or a light can be formed between a block of several stages and a neighboring stiffening ring.
• FIG. 2 and 2A schematically show an elevational view with partial section under the ground and with partial sections a) to j) reduced of a building structure according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 shows schematically, a diametrical sectional view of a third embodiment of the building structure according to the invention.
• FIG. 4 shows schematically a view in median section of a building structure stiffening ring according to the invention.
• FIG. 5 shows schematically a view in median section of a building structure block floor according to the invention.
• FIG. 6 shows schematically, a partial perspective view of building structure according to the invention illustrating the layout of blocks of several floors.
• FIG. 7 schematically shows a partial perspective view of building structure according to the invention illustrating the establishment of a stiffening ring.
• identical or functionally equivalent elements are identified by identical reference numbers.
• a building structure according to the invention comprises several vertical pillars 1, for example six vertical pillars, connected to stiffening rings 2 at intervals chosen to avoid buckling of the pillars 1.
• the framework formed by the pillars 1 and the stiffening rings 2 makes it possible to support blocks 3 of several floors of housing or offices.
• the vertical communications between stages are preferably carried out using vertical circulation means contained in the vertical pillars 1.
• Voids or lights remain in the building structure after implantation of blocks 3 of several floors.
• These voids or openings can preferably be formed by the space delimited by two stiffening rings and two neighboring vertical pillars 1, to form an opening ensuring the lighting of the radially inner walls of the blocks 3 of several floors and of the stiffening rings 2.
• the stiffening rings 2 have a closed annular conformation, circular or polygonal.
• the blocks 3 of several stages have a conformation in annular cylindrical sectors, and have a radially outer wall lit continuously, as well as a radially inner wall lit progressively by the voids or lights, not occupied in the framework.
• This arrangement makes it possible to naturally light all the external faces of the blocks 3: the radially external and radially internal walls, as well as the external walls adjacent to a void or to a lumen of the structure.
• the conformation of the stiffening rings 2 can be polygonal, for example square, while the conformation in annular cylindrical sectors of blocks 3 of several floors can be polygonal or circular.
• a second embodiment of a building structure according to the invention comprises a large base for embedding the pillars vertical 1 in the ground, comprising a base ring 4 and a mass 5 of anchor suitable for conversion, for example in an auditorium.
• An upper hall 6 can be provided for the reception of visitors to the building.
• the pillars 1 are interconnected by a first stiffening ring 2 and a block 3a comprising a small number of stages, this block 3a having a small number of stages and the first stiffening ring 2 both having an annular conformation closed.
• This block 3a is supported using tie rods (not shown) by the stiffening ring 2, this stiffening ring 2 also supporting the first block 3b having a nominal number of stages, for example fifteen stages.
• the second stiffening ring 2 carries a block 3b with nominal number of stages and supports another block 3b less than nominal number of stages by means of tie rods not shown. This arrangement is repeated depending on the height chosen for the tower: in the example shown, the third and fourth stiffening rings 2 also each carry a block 3b of fifteen stages and also each support a block 3b of fifteen stages using tie rods not shown.
• the fifth and last stiffening ring 2 supports a nominal block 3b of fifteen stages using tie rods not shown, and is capped by a crowning block 3c, having an annular cylindrical structure closed so as to increase the stiffening effect and fitting of the last stiffening ring 2.
• the base blocks 3a and crowning 3c have a closed annular structure, while the nominal fifteen-story blocks 3b have conformations in annular cylindrical sectors, so as to provide empty spaces E between two pillars 1 , these spaces ensuring the penetration of light inside the structure, so as to illuminate the radially inner walls of the blocks 3b.
• the lighting of blocks 3a and 3c is provided by the upper or lower light, which limits the number of stages of these building blocks 3a and 3c.
• the spaces E are regularly distributed in height with an offset in rotation, for example a doubly helical offset.
• an offset in rotation for example a doubly helical offset.
• any other type of offset allowing satisfactory lighting of the radially inner walls can be envisaged without departing from the scope of the present invention: thus it is also possible to envisage a shift of the spaces E in staggered rows or alternately according to a predetermined distribution, preferably ensuring a balance of the completed structure and a regular distribution of forces and pressures on the ground of the completed building.
• This structure comprises a mass 5 for anchoring which can, for example, be fitted out in an exhibition or performance hall, a base 4 and vertical pillars 1 embedded in the mass 5 for anchoring and the base 4.
• a reception room or entrance hall 6 is provided for access to the structure and to the vertical circulation means contained in the pillars 1.
• This embodiment does not include a lower embedding ring similar to the ring 3a of Figure 2, due to the fact that the pillars are embedded deeper in the anchoring mass 5.
• the intermediate rings 2 each carry an upper block 3b of several stages and each support a lower block 3b of several stages by means of tie rods not shown in detail.
• a panoramic upper 3d crown for embedding has a closed annular conformation to connect all of the upper ends of the vertical pillars 1.
• a ring 7 for pulling and anchoring guy lines 8 or similar traction elements and preferably constituted by cables or beams prestressed extending inside the structure to connect diametrically opposite points.
• a stiffening ring 2 is connected to the pillars 1 containing elevator batteries in their middle part and staircases going up or down in radially inner and radially outer parts.
• the stiffening ring 2 has two wide corridors 11 and 12 allowing peripheral circulation and evacuation of the entire ring 2 and a median circulation 13 with reinforced fire protection and having greater mechanical stability than the evacuation parts 11 and 12.
• All the stiffening rings 2 of the same building structure communicate with each other by means of the elevators and staircases contained in the pillars 1, and all the pillars 1 communicate with each other by means of the horizontal circulations 11 to 13 located in the rings 12 and thanks to the partial circulation planned in blocks of several floors.
• the evacuation rate and the evacuation possibilities are notably higher than those of buildings of the prior art, because the elevators being protected in a fire-resistant part can evacuate all the upper floors on the side diametrically opposite to the disaster zone , while the stairs and the protected passages 13 ensure evacuation from the side of the disaster area.
• the separation of the blocks 3 of several floors and the partitions or voids between the pillars 1 and the blocks 3 of several floors make it possible to insulate the disaster area and facilitate fire fighting.
• An evacuation plan can be defined to homogenize the circulation in the elevators and on the stairs and to accelerate the evacuation of the building in the event of a disaster.
• This embodiment comprises two blocks 3b of several stages having a conformation into partial annular polygonal sectors.
• These blocks 3b constituting a part of a building structure of medium height are connected to the vertical pillars 1 containing the vertical circulation means such as elevators or stairs.
• These blocks 3b have on their radially outer and radially inner walls glass surfaces illuminating landscaped offices.
• these blocks 3b are supported or carried by tie rods or hangers P: for example, three radially outer tie rods or hangers, two radially inner tie rods or hangers and a median tie rod or hanger.
• the tie rods or lines P are made of material having good mechanical resistance and good fire resistance. This arrangement makes it possible to evacuate blocks of offices 3b while keeping the occupants safe, while allowing them to be evacuated and access by means of the vertical circulations contained in the pillars 1.
• FIG. 6 a partial perspective view of another embodiment of a building structure according to the invention comprises pillars 1 connecting blocks of several floors 3b with two interruptions allowing the passage of light: a first interruption between the pillars la and a second interruption between the pillars lb.
• This arrangement allows natural lighting of the radially interior surface of the building, the corresponding parts being able to be used according to the lighting obtained.
• This embodiment comprises two blocks 3b of several stages having a conformation in partial annular sectors. These blocks 3b constituting part of a building structure of medium height are connected to the vertical pillars 1 containing the means of vertical circulation such as elevators or stairs. These blocks 3b have on their radially outer and radially inner walls glazed surfaces illuminating offices whose partitions have not been shown in detail.
• these blocks 3b comprise a central stiffening beam 21 and two vertical circulations 22 and 23: a radially external circulation 22 and a radially internal circulation 23.
• the circulations 22 and 23 are constituted by carrier tubes having good mechanical resistance and good fire resistance.
• This arrangement makes it possible to evacuate blocks of offices 3b by sheltering the occupants in one of the circulations 22 and 23, while allowing access thereto by means of the vertical circulations contained in the pillars 1.
• This embodiment also includes stiffening rings 2 not shown.
• a stiffening ring 2 connects the pillars 1 of a building structure according to the invention. As described with reference to FIG. 4, the stiffening ring 2 has lateral passages 11 and 12 and median 13 ensuring good evacuation of the building in the event of an accident, attack or fire.
• the pillars 1 can be placed on the periphery of the circular rings 2; voids can be provided at various locations to form a fire barrier; platforms can be provided on the roofs of the stiffening rings to ensure evacuation by helicopter or by air, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
• Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=8868934

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

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• 2001
  • 2001-10-31 FR FR0114101A patent/FR2831571B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-10-30 EP EP02785560A patent/EP1442177B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-10-30 DE DE60203927T patent/DE60203927D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-10-30 AT AT02785560T patent/ATE294288T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-10-30 WO PCT/FR2002/003727 patent/WO2003038203A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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