EP1442101B1 - Procede et dispositif servant a gazeifier un biocombustible solide - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif servant a gazeifier un biocombustible solide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1442101B1
EP1442101B1 EP02787423A EP02787423A EP1442101B1 EP 1442101 B1 EP1442101 B1 EP 1442101B1 EP 02787423 A EP02787423 A EP 02787423A EP 02787423 A EP02787423 A EP 02787423A EP 1442101 B1 EP1442101 B1 EP 1442101B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zone
gasifier
hearth
fuel
gasification
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP02787423A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1442101A2 (fr
Inventor
Henrik Houmann Jakobsen
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Biosynergi Proces Aps
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Biosynergi Proces Aps
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0969—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for gasification of solid, moderately flowable biofuel in a downdraft gasifier having an open core and a fixed gasification bed wherein the fuel material and primary air are fed at the top so as from the top and downward to pass a) a drying zone, b) a pyrolysis zone, c) a combustion zone involving flaming pyrolysis to which secondary air is added and where the fuel is supported by way of a narrowed portion in the inner cross section of the gasifier, d) a reduction zone and e) optionally an inactive charcoal zone. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a downdraft gasifier to be used in the process and a plant for heat production or a combined heat and power production, said plant including the downdraft gasifier.
  • the biomass can advantageously be converted into a combustible gas by gasification.
  • gasification processes downdraft gasification in a stratified gasifier can be mentioned as described in for instance item 5.8 in "The stratified Downdraft Gasifier” in “Handbook of Biomass Downdraft Gasifier Engine Systems” published by Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Colorado, USA, (March 1988), pages 38-42.
  • this gasifier including a cylindrical vessel having an open top air and biomass pass uniformly downward through different zones. In the first zone, air passes through the yet unreacted biomass.
  • the biomass reacts with air in flaming pyrolysis during which for instance volatile wood oils burn under the formation of CO 2 and H 2 O and supply heat to the pyrolysis process.
  • air in flaming pyrolysis during which for instance volatile wood oils burn under the formation of CO 2 and H 2 O and supply heat to the pyrolysis process.
  • CO and H 2 are formed during continuous pyrolysis and the biomass is converted to charcoal.
  • the total amount of air added in the second zone is thus less than the amount required for a complete (stoichiometric) combustion.
  • the temperature in the second zone usually ranges between 1000 and 1150 °C.
  • the process is an adiabatic charcoal gasification in which the hot gases formed during the pyrolysis react with the charcoal during the formation of additional CO and H 2 .
  • the solid charcoal is converted by utilising the heat of the gas in order to produce a product gas with a high content of chemical energy and the temperature drops to approx. 800 °C.
  • the charcoal is completely gasified and the remaining ash drops through a grate provided in the bottom.
  • the product gas produced is also recovered through the grate, the energy thereof being exploitable in a gas combustion process subsequent to purification, e.g. in a cyclone.
  • DK 172 277 discloses a stratified gasifier in which in addition to the primary gas fed at the top of the gasifier, secondary gas is fed into the pyrolysis zone so as to assist a partial combustion of the pyrolysis gas, a so-called flaming pyrolysis.
  • the gasification process in said known gasifier includes at this stage a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone passing into a pyrolysis and combustion zone (flaming pyrolysis), a reduction zone and an inactive charcoal zone.
  • the course of the process is stabilised and controlled indirectly by means of an annular hearth made of a fireproof material to ensure a stable transition between the pyrolysis zone and the flaming pyrolysis in the continuous process.
  • a temperature level detector with several temperature level areas also being provided as a basis for a complicated temperature adjustment by possibly cooling by injecting water and adjusting the primary air and/or secondary air.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a process and a gasifier apparatus for continuous downdraft gasification of solid, moderately flowable biofuel rendering good stability regarding the process and maintenance of the position of the individual process zones without a complicated temperature adjustment based on measurements on several levels.
  • the invention relates to a downdraft gasifier having an open core and a fixed gasification bed for the gasification of a solid, moderately flowable biofuel, said gasifier including a reactor having an opening at the top for feeding fuel material and primary air in the following sequence from the top and downward to a) a drying zone, b) a pyrolysis zone, c) a combustion zone involving flaming pyrolysis and having an opening for feeding secondary air and a narrowed portion in the inner cross section of the gasifier, d) a reduction zone, and e) optionally an inactive charcoal zone and a collecting compartment at the bottom of the gasifier having means for removing ash and the fuel gas resulting from the gasification, respectively, said gasifier being characterised in that the narrowed portion in the flaming pyrolysis zone (c) is a hearth having one or more openings dimensioned relative to the biofuel used in such a manner that the fuel material is retained through bridging across the opening or openings of the hearth until the
  • the invention relates to a plant for heat production or a combined heat and power production including the downdraft gasifier.
  • the process and the gasifier according to the present invention are based on the surprising recognition that bridging at the narrowed portion in the cross section of the hearth is advantageous. Hitherto, such a bridging has been considered an undesired feature.
  • the change of the physical properties of the fuel material during the course of the pyrolysis process is utilised.
  • the starting material typically comprises relatively large and irregular pieces of material which are easily entangled and which form a bridge at narrowed portions in the downward path of the pieces of material.
  • said material is referred to as a "moderately flowable material".
  • said material is converted into a more fine-grained charcoal having a more uniform grain shape resulting in improved flowability and a reduced bridging tendency.
  • the gasified biomass or biofuel can in principle be any combustible, organic material existing as solid, relatively small pieces of material of suitably uniform sizes such that the flowability of the material can be determined in a sufficiently reliable manner.
  • suitable pieces such as wood chips, shavings, saw dust and wood pellets, which can be made by compressions of comminute wood and saw dust.
  • a gasifier is designed as a reactor having an upper cylindrical section 14 with a subjacent collecting compartment 13.
  • the cylindrical section has an open top in which the fuel can be fed through an inlet pipe 9.
  • An inlet 11 for primary air is also positioned at the top.
  • a burner tube 1 having a slightly larger sectional area than the inlet pipe 9 is provided.
  • the burner tube 1 ends immediately above a hearth 2 of a heat-stable material and is designed such that the sectional area is narrowed to such an extent that bridging causes the fuel material to be retained.
  • a grate 3 is provided in the upper portion of the collecting compartment 13, at a distance below the hearth 2, a grate 3 is provided and means 4 and 8 for collecting and removing ash through a gate 5 are provided below said grate.
  • the product gas generated enters through the grate 3 and is collected in the collecting compartment 13 from where it is recovered through pipe 7 which is led upwards through the cylindrical section and on to be used as fuel gas.
  • an inlet 6 for a gasification agent may be arranged at a distance below the narrowed portion of the hearth 2.
  • fuel is added at the top of the usually vertical inlet pipe 9. From this position the fuel passes downward into the inlet of the burner tube 1 having a slightly larger sectional area than the inlet pipe.
  • the burner tube 1 ends immediately above a narrowed portion of the sectional area which causes bridging.
  • the bridging prevents the downward flow of the fuel material.
  • the narrowed portion which hereafter is referred to as a hearth 2, includes a material resistant to high temperatures, which for instance can be made of fire resistant bricks or brickwork.
  • the burner tube 1 and the hearth 2 typically each have a circular, horizontal cross section but also other suitable geometrical shapes are possible. Particularly the hearth 2 may have different shapes. It is only vital that the inner cavity of the hearth is downwardly narrowed having dimensions enabling bridging of the selected fuel.
  • the hearth may be provided with a rectangular or square horizontal cross section.
  • the hearth can also be provided with several openings such that the hearth for instance has the appearance of a grate with several openings, each dimensioned so as to enable bridging across each opening.
  • a hearth provided with several circularly or squarely shaped openings is also possible, each opening being dimensioned so as to enable bridging across said opening.
  • the inner cavity of the hearth is confined by its inner wall or walls.
  • the number and shape of the wall or walls can vary, inter alia in relation to the degree of planeness/curvature and the angle in relation to vertical. As mentioned above it is important that the inner cavity of the hearth is downwardly narrowed to enable bridging.
  • the dimensions of the hearth are also to be adjusted to the dimensions of the fuel used in order to enable bridging. It is also preferred that the height of the hearth is such that the heating zone relevant remains substantially enclosed by the walls of the hearth.
  • the amount of fuel added is controlled by building-up and maintaining a certain level of fuel in the burner tube.
  • the fuel level is detected by a sensor, not shown, based on for instance a mechanical or electronic function.
  • the signal of the sensor is used for controlling the fuel supply.
  • primary air preferably pre-heated, is fed at the same location through the inlet 11 concurrent to the movement of the fuel.
  • the primary air passes through the pipe downward at uniform speed and is distributed over the entire cross section.
  • the biofuel is dried during the passage of air in the first zone.
  • the biofuel is sufficiently dry to cause its temperature to rise.
  • the biofuel reacts with air in flaming pyrolysis.
  • volatile gases, wood oils and tar compounds are expelled from the biofuel and bum during the formation of CO 2 and H 2 O, thus supplying heat to the pyrolysis process.
  • the flaming pyrolysis in the second zone is optimally concentrated immediately below the mouth of the burner tube 1.
  • secondary air may be supplied through a variable valve 10 through the inlet 12 on the outer face of the burner tube 1. This secondary air enters directly into the zone involving the flaming pyrolysis below the mouth of the burner tube.
  • the charcoal formed has obtained such a flowability that it partly due to gravity and partly by way of the downward flow of gas leaves its position on top of the hearth 2 and falls through the vertical opening of the hearth and ends on a subjacent grate 3 forming a third zone.
  • the process is an adiabatic charcoal gasification process where the hot gases formed during the pyrolysis are led down through the charcoal layer, where the gas reacts with the charcoal under the formation of additional CO and H 2 .
  • the reactions converting the solid charcoal to CO and H 2 in this zone are endothermic processes consuming heat from the gas per se.
  • the heat of the gas and of the solid charcoal is thus converted into chemically bound energy in the gas generated by the fuel, in the following referred to as product gas, the temperature dropping to approx. 800 °C. Below this temperature the process progresses very slowly. Finally, the remaining ash and the unreacted charcoal drop down through slits and/or holes in and between elements making up the grate.
  • the ash is collected in a mechanical ash conveyance system 4 and 8 leading the ash to the surroundings through a gas-proof gate 5.
  • the gas-proof gate is designed as a water trap 5.
  • the product gas generated is also recovered through the bottom grate 3 to the compartment 13 via the ash conveyance system and is then led out of the compartment through the pipe 7.
  • the chemically bound energy of the product gas can subsequently to purification in for instance a cyclone be utilised in a gas combustion process.
  • a correct dimensioning of the hearth is vital in order for the hearth to control the transition of the fuel from the second zone to the third zone such that the vertical position of the zones remain stable.
  • the hearth is shaped as a conical inlet 20 of a truncated cone-shape passing the fuel vertically downward into a cylindrical channel 21 allowing charcoal and pyrolysis gases to continue down into the reduction zone.
  • the truncated cone forms a characteristic angle a in relation to the horizontal plane and opens into a characteristic diameter D shown in Fig. 2.
  • the diameter D is chosen in relation to the bridging tendency of the fuel and the charcoal.
  • the dimension is thus determined to effect bridging of the unreacted, moderately flowable fuel, but not of the subsequently formed charcoal having improved flowability.
  • the angle a is determined by the angle of repose and friction of the fuel against the base.
  • the dimension a has to ensure that the unreacted fuel does not fall down, until after being converted to charcoal.
  • the fuel material passes between the combustion zone (c) and the reduction zone (d) through a partial oxidation zone involving partial oxidation of gas and tar substances. This is ensured by adding a gasification agent through the inlets 6.
  • the gasifier is thus provided with an additional option for adding gasification agents through the hearth via the inlets 6.
  • the gasification agent serves to produce a much more pure gas and to further stabilise the zones.
  • the added gasification agent can be air, water vapour, CO 2 or any mixtures thereof.
  • the air intake can be adjusted continuously to the desired amount by means of a valve (not shown) or the air intake can be completely shut-off at this point.
  • the additional supply of gasification agent occurs in the transition between the second zone and third zone inside the hearth, where the charcoal passes downward to the grate 3 in free fall.
  • This third supply of gasification agent e.g. air, occurs via a set of channels 6 ending into the vertical gas channel 21 in the hearth, through which gas and charcoal drop from the second zone to the_third zone.
  • zone 21 ⁇ 2 a zone involving partial oxidation is established at this position, said zone in the following being referred to as zone 21 ⁇ 2.
  • the air supplied in zone 21 ⁇ 2 is mixed with the downwardly flowing pyrolysis gases over the entire cross-section of the hearth and thereby causing a partial combustion of the pyrolysis gases.
  • the partial oxidation causes the majority of the formed tar substances from the pyrolysis zone to decompose and the temperature of the product gas to rise to above 1000 °C in this zone.
  • the unpyrolysed material is prevented from moving from the conical inlet of the hearth 20 and down to the reduction zone without having been into contact with oxygen.
  • the air intake in zone 21 ⁇ 2 causes a significant rise in the temperature of the product gas, whereby the charcoal conversion is increased in the subsequent third zone, wherein the reactions are endothermic.
  • the conversion of charcoal in the third zone proceeds at the same speed as the production of charcoal in the flaming pyrolysis zone.
  • the height of the charcoal in the third zone is as constant as possible.
  • a number of parameters determine the conversion process in the reduction zone inter alia : the insulation of the gasifier, the water content in the fuel, the gas temperature prior to the reduction zone.
  • the flaming pyrolysis zone is then pushed upwards resulting in a rise of the other zones. This would probably result in the flaming pyrolysis zone being "squeezed" in between the drying zone, which is to be completed before the flaming pyrolysis zone can commence, and the reduction zone.
  • the positions of the zones are expected to move upwards and downwards. This is prevented by the hearth interrupting the connection between the zones to prevent them from affecting each other.
  • the fuel height may be kept constant by means of the hearth and by supplying a correct amount of air to zone 21 ⁇ 2 as well as by adjusting the physical dimensions of the drying zone, pyrolysis zone and combustion zone in relation to the physical dimensioning of the reduction zone.
  • the hearth, the flaming pyrolysis zone and the reduction zones are dimensioned in order to provide a state in which the charcoal height in the reduction zone has a tendency to rise slowly in time.
  • the air intake in the partial oxidation zone causes the top of the charcoal layer to be burned in the flames of the partial oxidation zone, when the charcoal top approaches the position of the air nozzles in the hearth. If the charcoal nevertheless becomes up-close to the air nozzles, it is assumed that the air not only reacts with the gas and the tar substances but also begins to react directly with the charcoal in a combustion process thereby producing CO 2 and H 2 O as well as heat.
  • the increase in the charcoal height is slowed down prior to reaching the point at which it abuts the flaming pyrolysis zone taking place in the bridging on the hearth.
  • the hearth and the air intake have two essential functions, i.e. to act as a physical barrier between the two zones and to establish a free space - a freeboard - for the burning in the partial oxidation zone, where gas and tar substances are reacted.
  • a gasifier is used as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the diameter of the burner tube 1 is 350 mm.
  • the hearth 2 is made of a fireproof ceramic material.
  • the angle of the truncated cone a is 30 ° and the diameter D of the cylindrical channel 21 is 100 mm.
  • the fuel used is dried whole-tree chips of a conventional quality, where the largest dimensions of the individual chips range between 10 and 50 mm. During the test, the fuel height is set at approx. 500 mm measured from the lower end of the burner tube 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de gazéification d'un biocombustible solide, ayant une aptitude modérée à l'écoulement, dans un gazéifieur à tirage par en bas, ayant un coeur ouvert et un lit de gazéification fixe, en tête duquel sont introduits le matériau combustible et de l'air principal, de manière qu'ils traversent, du haut vers le bas,
    a) une zone de séchage,
    b) une zone de pyrolyse,
    c) une zone de combustion mettant en jeu une pyrolyse à la flamme, dans laquelle est introduit un air secondaire, et dans laquelle le combustible est porté au moyen d'une partie rétrécie formée dans la section transversale interne du gazéifieur,
    d) une zone de réduction, et
    e) éventuellement, une zone de charbon inactif,
       caractérisé par l'opération qui consiste à retenir le matériau combustible dans la zone de pyrolyse à la flamme (c), grâce à la partie rétrécie, à travers un pont formé au-dessus de la ou des ouvertures de la partie rétrécie, jusqu'à ce que le matériau ait été converti, en conséquence de la combustion partielle, en un matériau se présentant sous la forme de charbon, ayant une aptitude à l'écoulement telle qu'il reprend son chemin vers le bas, vers la zone de réduction, ce qui assure une séparation entre la zone de combustion et la zone de réduction, la zone de réduction étant située en dessous de la partie rétrécie formée dans la section transversale interne du gazéifieur.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau combustible, entre la zone de combustion (c) et la zone de réduction (d), traverse une zone d'oxydation partielle mettant en jeu une oxydation partielle de substances gazeuses et du type goudron, zone d'oxydation dans laquelle est ajouté un agent de gazéification.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'agent de gazéification est de l'oxygène, de la vapeur d'eau, du CO2 ou un mélange de ceux-ci.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau combustible est un matériau organique combustible se présentant sous la forme de morceaux de matériaux solides, relativement petits, d'une taille uniforme appropriée.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le matériau combustible comprend des particules de bois, des copeaux, de la sciure ou des pastilles de bois densifiées.
  6. Gazéifieur à tirage par en bas, ayant un coeur ouvert et un lit de gazéification fixe, pour la gazéification d'un biocombustible solide, ayant une aptitude modérée à l'écoulement, ledit gazéifieur comprenant un réacteur en tête duquel est aménagée une ouverture pour l'alimentation en matériau combustible et en air principal, dans la séquence suivante du haut vers le bas,
    a) d'une zone de séchage,
    b) d'une zone de pyrolyse,
    c) d'une zone de combustion mettant en jeu une pyrolyse à la flamme, et ayant une ouverture pour l'introduction d' air secondaire et une partie rétrécie formée dans la section transversale interne du gazéifieur,
    d) d'une zone de réduction, et
    e) éventuellement, d'une zone de charbon inactif,
       et un compartiment de récupération, en queue du gazéifieur, ayant des moyens servant à retirer respectivement la cendre et le gaz combustible résultant de la gazéification,
       caractérisé en ce que la partie rétrécie dans la zone de pyrolyse à la flamme (c) est un creuset ayant une ou plusieurs ouvertures dimensionnées en fonction du biocombustible utilisé, de telle sorte que le matériau combustible soit retenu à travers un pont formé au-dessus de la ou des ouvertures du creuset, jusqu'à ce que le matériau ait été converti, en conséquence de la combustion partielle, en un matériau se présentant sous la forme de charbon, ayant une aptitude à l'écoulement telle qu'il reprend son chemin vers le bas, vers la zone de réduction, ce qui assure une séparation entre la zone de combustion et la zone de réduction, la zone de réduction étant située en dessous de la partie rétrécie formée dans la section transversale interne du gazéifieur.
  7. Gazéifieur à tirage par en bas selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une ouverture est aménagée après la partie rétrécie dans la zone de pyrolyse à la flamme (c) et avant la zone de réduction (d), pour l'introduction des agents de gazéification.
  8. Gazéifieur à tirage par en bas selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le creuset a une seule ouverture ayant la forme d'un tronc de cône se terminant vers le bas en un canal cylindrique, ou en ce que le creuset a une seule ouverture ayant la forme d'une fente se terminant vers le bas en un canal rectangulaire.
  9. Gazéifieur à tirage par en bas selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le creuset a plus d'une ouverture.
  10. Gazéifieur à tirage par en bas selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures du creuset ont la forme d'une grille, ou en ce que le creuset est pourvu d'ouvertures de section transversale horizontale circulaire ou carrée.
  11. Installation pour la production de chaleur ou de chaleur et de puissance combinées, incluant un gazéifieur à tirage par en bas selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10.
EP02787423A 2001-11-05 2002-11-05 Procede et dispositif servant a gazeifier un biocombustible solide Expired - Lifetime EP1442101B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK200101638A DK174582B1 (da) 2001-11-05 2001-11-05 Fremgangsmåde og generator til forgasning af fast biobrændsel
DK200101638 2001-11-05
PCT/DK2002/000744 WO2003040267A2 (fr) 2001-11-05 2002-11-05 Procede et dispositif servant a gazeifier un biocombustible solide

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EP1442101A2 EP1442101A2 (fr) 2004-08-04
EP1442101B1 true EP1442101B1 (fr) 2005-08-03

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EP (1) EP1442101B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE301177T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002351709A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60205400D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK174582B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003040267A2 (fr)

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US20090133329A1 (en) * 2006-01-10 2009-05-28 Puhdas Energia Oy Method for gasifying and gasifying unit
FI122860B (fi) 2007-05-25 2012-08-15 Gasek Oy Menetelmä kiinteän polttoaineen kaasuttamiseksi ja myötävirtakaasutin
RU2482164C1 (ru) * 2011-11-21 2013-05-20 Лариса Яковлевна Силантьева Реактор газификации
US8546636B1 (en) 2013-01-28 2013-10-01 PHG Energy, LLC Method for gasifying feedstock
US11242494B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2022-02-08 Aries Clean Technologies Llc System and process for continuous production of contaminate free, size specific biochar following gasification
BR112015017918B1 (pt) * 2013-01-28 2021-12-28 PHG Energy, LLC Gaseificador e método de gaseificação de matérias-primas
US8721748B1 (en) 2013-01-28 2014-05-13 PHG Energy, LLC Device with dilated oxidation zone for gasifying feedstock
IT201800002481A1 (it) * 2018-02-08 2019-08-08 Spa Curti Costruzioni Meccaniche Impianto gassificatore
ES2908469T3 (es) * 2018-02-08 2022-04-29 Spa Curti Costruzioni Meccaniche Planta de gasificación
IT201800002482A1 (it) * 2018-02-08 2019-08-08 Spa Curti Costruzioni Meccaniche Impianto gassificatore
IT201800002483A1 (it) * 2018-02-08 2019-08-08 Spa Curti Costruzioni Meccaniche Impianto gassificatore

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US1821263A (en) * 1926-10-25 1931-09-01 Imbert Georges Gas producer
DE3131476C2 (de) * 1981-08-08 1983-12-22 Fritz Werner Industrie-Ausrüstungen GmbH, 6222 Geisenheim Holzgasgenerator
CA1208911A (fr) * 1981-09-23 1986-08-05 Michael S. Graboski Installation et methode de gazeification de matieres
NL8900939A (nl) * 1989-04-14 1990-11-01 Eduard Thomas Jacobus Van Der Gasgenerator.
DK172277B1 (da) * 1994-10-28 1998-02-16 Dk Teknik Dansk Kedelforening Fremgangsmåde og apparatur til optimal forgasning af især flis

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DE60205400D1 (de) 2005-09-08
DK200101638A (da) 2003-05-06
EP1442101A2 (fr) 2004-08-04
WO2003040267A3 (fr) 2003-09-25
ATE301177T1 (de) 2005-08-15
WO2003040267A2 (fr) 2003-05-15
AU2002351709A1 (en) 2003-05-19
WO2003040267B1 (fr) 2003-11-20
DK174582B1 (da) 2003-06-30

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