EP1440958B1 - Nicht-toxische, bleifreie Zündmittelzusammensetzung - Google Patents

Nicht-toxische, bleifreie Zündmittelzusammensetzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1440958B1
EP1440958B1 EP04250243A EP04250243A EP1440958B1 EP 1440958 B1 EP1440958 B1 EP 1440958B1 EP 04250243 A EP04250243 A EP 04250243A EP 04250243 A EP04250243 A EP 04250243A EP 1440958 B1 EP1440958 B1 EP 1440958B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lead
free
composition
total weight
priming mix
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04250243A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1440958A1 (de
Inventor
George C. Mei
James W. Pickett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Olin Corp
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Olin Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Olin Corp filed Critical Olin Corp
Publication of EP1440958A1 publication Critical patent/EP1440958A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1440958B1 publication Critical patent/EP1440958B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to priming mixes for explosives, and more particularly lead-free and non-toxic priming mixes
  • a nontoxic, noncorrosive priming mix described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,675,059 is one such composition.
  • This priming composition is specifically adapted to rim fire cartridges and contains diazodinitrophenol, also known as dinol or DDNP, manganese dioxide, tetrazene and glass.
  • diazodinitrophenol also known as dinol or DDNP
  • manganese dioxide manganese dioxide
  • tetrazene and glass a nontoxic priming mixture
  • Another example of a nontoxic priming mixture is disclosed in U.S. Pat No. 4,963,201, issued to Bjerke et al. This composition comprises dinol or potassium dinitrobenzofuroxan as the primary explosive, tetrazene as a secondary explosive, a nitrate ester fuel and strontium nitrate as the oxidizer.
  • Dinol also known as diazodinitrophenol or DDNP
  • DDNP diazodinitrophenol
  • Dinol exhibit an inherent disadvantage called non-ideality of explosives. This phenomenon is a propagation failure which occurs when the diameter or the cross-section of the explosive becomes too small or too thin - generally smaller than a critical diameter or cross-section. Such effects become prominent in rimfire priming applications where the priming mix is, by necessity, spread thinly.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,353,707 to Duget discloses a priming charge made from 40-70% dinitrobenzofuran salt (also known as dinitrobenzofuroxane salt, and the potassium salt - "KDNBF"), 3-15% tetrazene, 10-30% cupric oxide, 5-25% pulverulent reducing agent, 0.5-20% of an inert abrasive powder and 0-5% of a binder.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,538,569 to Carter discloses a nontoxic priming composition comprising a dinitrobenzofuroxan salt, oxidizer, and a friction agent.
  • a preferred set of components are potassium salts of dinitrobenzofuroxan salt, potassium nitrate, and ground glass and/or boron as a friction agent.
  • tetrazene is explicitly excluded from this composition, and the friction agent comprises a maximum of 45 wt%.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,993,577 to Erickson et al. discloses a lead-free priming composition made from diazodinitrophenol (DDNP), a low percentage of tetrazene, and a high percentage of an abrasive such as ground glass.
  • the present invention is directed to a lead-free, non-toxic priming composition, comprising: 20-40 wt% of a dinitrobenzofuroxan salt; 2-10 wt% of a sensitizer; 0-30 wt% of an oxidizer; and 48-70 wt% of an abrasive, wherein all weight percents are based on the total weight of said composition.
  • the present invention is directed to a lead-free, non-toxic priming composition, comprising: 30-40 wt% of potassium dinitrobenzofuroxan salt; 3-8 wt% of tetrazene; 0-15 wt% potassium nitrate; and 50-60 wt% of glass particles having an average particle size of from 90 to 150 microns, wherein all weight percents are based on the total weight of said composition.
  • a priming mix composition comprising dinitrobenzofuroxan salts, a sensitizer, an oxidizer, and a high weight percentage of abrasive.
  • the present inventors have unexpectedly discovered that in using dinitrobenzofuroxan salts, the composition of the present invention provides a more "ideal" (in propagation sense) explosive than compositions using dinol or DDNP.
  • the present invention is directed to a lead-free, non-toxic priming composition, comprising: 20-40 wt% of a dinitrobenzofuroxan salt; 2-10 wt% of a sensitizer; 0-30 wt% of an oxidizer; and 48-70 wt% of an abrasive wherein all weight percents are based on the total weight of said composition.
  • a lead-free, non-toxic priming composition comprising: 20-40 wt% of a dinitrobenzofuroxan salt; 2-10 wt% of a sensitizer; 0-30 wt% of an oxidizer; and 48-70 wt% of an abrasive wherein all weight percents are based on the total weight of said composition.
  • the dinitrobenzofuroxan salt may be any salt, including potassium salt, sodium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, and the like, with the potassium salt being preferred.
  • the preferred amount of this component in the composition of the present invention ranges from about 20-40 wt%, and more preferably from about 30 to about 40 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition. A particularly preferred amount is 35 wt%.
  • the sensitizer component of the present invention is preferably tetrazene.
  • Preferred ranges of this component in the composition of the invention are from about 2 to about 10 wt%, and more preferably from about 3 to about 8 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • a particularly preferred amount of tetrazene sensitizer is 5 wt%.
  • the oxidizer component of the present invention includes any oxidizer known in the art such as sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, barium nitrate, and the like. Potassium nitrate is particularly preferred. Useful amounts of the oxidizer component range from about 0 to about 30 wt%, and more preferably from about 0 to about 20 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition. About 3 wt% of potassium nitrate is preferred.
  • the abrasive component of the present invention is preferably glass fines, although other abrasives common and known in the art may also be used.
  • the abrasive component comprises from about 48 to about 70 wt%, and more preferably from about 50 to about 60 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • a particularly preferred amount of glass abrasive is about 57 wt%.
  • a preferred range of particle sizes for the abrasive component ranges from about 75 to about 150 micrometer, and more preferably from about 90 to about 150 micrometer.
  • a particularly useful average size is about 110 micrometer. It is believed that coarser (e.g., larger) abrasive particle sizes provide larger interstitial spaces where larger aggregates of materials can form, thereby providing more focused energy generation.
  • the relatively large proportion of abrasive component of the present invention is believed to provide a more rigid support matrix and provides more anvil points which improve the sensitivity of the composition of the invention.
  • composition of the present invention is easily substituted for leaded priming mixtures, and can be processed using conventional techniques.
  • composition of the invention is made using conventional techniques well-known in the art.
  • the appropriate amounts of dinitrobenzofuroxan salt and tetrazene sensitizer are processed in water to minimize the chance of premature explosion.
  • the dinitrobenzofuroxan salt and tetrazene are allowed to settle, and excess water is decanted off.
  • the resulting paste is further processed by adding appropriate amounts of abrasive and, if desired, oxidizer.
  • the paste is mixed while moisture is maintained within the paste to a level of approximately 10-30% for safety reasons.
  • the processed paste is formed into pellets by pushing the paste into a block having a plurality of holes, each having a specified size and volume.
  • the processed pellets may be isolated and installed into cartridges using procedures well known in the art.
  • Control rounds used in the testing of the 22 caliber was a round primed with a standard leaded mix known as 22LRPAT purple.
  • the control used in the testing of the 27 caliber was a round primed with a leaded mix known as 27SR-1 Red.
  • the experimental round contained approximately 35 wt% potassium dinitrobenzofuroxan salt, approximately 5 wt% tetrazene, approximately 3 wt% potassium nitrate, and approximately 57 wt% glass fines, wherein the glass fines have an average particle size of approximately 120 micrometer.
  • test barrel Prior to firing the control or experimental rounds, a test barrel was rigged with a pressure gauge or copper crusher to measure the pressure generated by each round. The test barrel was also rigged with a velocity screen at the muzzle to measure the velocity of the nail exiting the muzzle. Function and casualty tests were performed on each round by shooting it in commercial tools. The following tables show the results of ballistic testing performed with the rounds. In Tables 1 and 2, “sd” refers to the standard deviation of each firing, and “ev” refers to the extreme variation between firings (defined as the difference between the maximum value and minimum value in the data set).

Claims (18)

  1. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung, enthaltend:
    20-40 Gew.-% eines Dinitrobenzofuroxansalzes,
    2-10 Gew.-% eines Sensibilisierungsmittels,
    0-30 Gew.-% eines Oxidationsmittels, und
    48-70 Gew.-% eines Abrasivmittels,
    wobei sämtliche Gewichtsprozente auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung basieren.
  2. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Dinitrobenzofuransalz das Kaliumsalz ist.
  3. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Dinitrobenzofuransalz ungefähr 30 bis ungefähr 40 Gew.-% basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung ausmacht.
  4. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Dinitrobenzofuransalz ungefähr 35 Gew.-% basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung ausmacht.
  5. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Sensibilisierungsmittel Tetrazen ist.
  6. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Sensibilisierungsmittel ungefähr 3 bis ungefähr 8 Gew.-% basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung ausmacht.
  7. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Sensibilisierungsmittel ungefähr 5 Gew.-% basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung ausmacht.
  8. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Oxidationsmittel ein Nitratsalz ist.
  9. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Oxidationsmittel Kaliumnitrat ist.
  10. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Oxidationsmittel von ungefähr 0 bis ungefähr 15 Gew.-% basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung ausmacht.
  11. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Oxidationsmittel ungefähr 3 Gew.-% basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung ausmacht.
  12. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Abrasivmittel Glasteilchen sind.
  13. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Abrasivmittel von ungefähr 50 bis ungefähr 60 Gew.-% basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung ausmacht.
  14. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Abrasivmittel ungefähr 57 Gew.-% basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung ausmacht.
  15. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Abrasivmittel eine mittlere Teilchengröße von ungefähr 75 bis ungefähr 150 Mikrometer aufweist.
  16. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Abrasivmittel eine mittlere Teilchengröße von ungefähr 90 bis ungefähr 150 Mikrometer aufweist.
  17. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Abrasivmittel eine mittlere Teilchengröße von ungefähr 110 Mikrometer aufweist.
  18. Bleifreie, nicht-toxische Zündmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, enthaltend:
    30-40 Gew.-% Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxansalz,
    3-8 Gew.-% Tetrazen,
    0-15 Gew.-% Kaliumnitrat, und
    50-60 Gew.-% an Glasteilchen mit einem mittleren Teilchendurchmesser von 90-150 Mikrometer,
    wobei sämtliche Gewichtsprozente auf dem Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung basieren.
EP04250243A 2003-01-23 2004-01-19 Nicht-toxische, bleifreie Zündmittelzusammensetzung Expired - Lifetime EP1440958B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US746601 1996-11-13
US44218403P 2003-01-23 2003-01-23
US442184P 2003-01-23
US10/746,601 US20040154713A1 (en) 2003-01-23 2003-12-23 Lead-free nontoxic priming mix

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1440958A1 EP1440958A1 (de) 2004-07-28
EP1440958B1 true EP1440958B1 (de) 2005-09-14

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EP04250243A Expired - Lifetime EP1440958B1 (de) 2003-01-23 2004-01-19 Nicht-toxische, bleifreie Zündmittelzusammensetzung

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US (1) US20040154713A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1440958B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE304519T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004000086T2 (de)
HK (1) HK1064359A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050098248A1 (en) * 2003-06-26 2005-05-12 Vladimir Nikolaevich Khovonskov Ammunition primer composition for small arms
DE102006024511A1 (de) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Anzündsatz
RU2669637C1 (ru) * 2017-08-11 2018-10-12 Акционерное общество "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт точного машиностроения" (АО "ЦНИИТОЧМАШ") Способ изготовления суспензионного ударно-воспламенительного состава и способ снаряжения патронов кольцевого воспламенения таким составом
RU2674964C1 (ru) * 2018-03-12 2018-12-13 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский химико-технологический университет имени Д.И. Менделеева" (РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева) Калиевая соль 1,1-динитро-1-(4-нитро-3-(1Н-тетразол-1-ил)-1Н-пиразол-1-ил)метана и способ ее получения

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3135636A (en) * 1962-01-02 1964-06-02 Atlas Chem Ind Ignition composition containing an alkali metal salt of dinitrobenzfuroxan and a lacqer binder
US3423259A (en) * 1966-03-28 1969-01-21 Olin Mathieson Ammunition priming composition of dry particulate ingredients with karaya gum binder
FR2693721B1 (fr) * 1992-07-20 1994-10-21 Ncs Pyrotechnie Technologies Charge d'amorçage à percussion annulaire et son procédé de fabrication.
DE69508023T2 (de) * 1994-08-27 1999-10-07 Eley Ltd Initialladung
US5610367A (en) * 1995-10-06 1997-03-11 Federal-Hoffman, Inc. Non-toxic rim-fire primer
DE19540278A1 (de) * 1995-10-28 1997-04-30 Dynamit Nobel Ag Blei- und Barium-freie Anzündsätze
US20010001970A1 (en) * 1995-10-28 2001-05-31 Rainer Hagel Lead- and barium-free propellant charges
US5993577A (en) * 1998-09-04 1999-11-30 Federal Cartridge Company Lead-free, heavy-metal-free rim-fire priming composition dedicated for Ralph B. Lynn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1440958A1 (de) 2004-07-28
ATE304519T1 (de) 2005-09-15
DE602004000086T2 (de) 2006-06-14
US20040154713A1 (en) 2004-08-12
DE602004000086D1 (de) 2005-10-20
HK1064359A1 (en) 2005-01-28

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