EP1438056A1 - Medicament destine a traiter une fibrose par interference d'arn - Google Patents

Medicament destine a traiter une fibrose par interference d'arn

Info

Publication number
EP1438056A1
EP1438056A1 EP02801917A EP02801917A EP1438056A1 EP 1438056 A1 EP1438056 A1 EP 1438056A1 EP 02801917 A EP02801917 A EP 02801917A EP 02801917 A EP02801917 A EP 02801917A EP 1438056 A1 EP1438056 A1 EP 1438056A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dsrna
strand
nucleotides
gene
medicament
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02801917A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roland Kreutzer
Stefan Limmer
Detlef Schuppan
Matthias John
Michael Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alnylam Europe AG
Original Assignee
Ribopharma AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10160151A external-priority patent/DE10160151A1/de
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2002/000151 external-priority patent/WO2002055692A2/fr
Application filed by Ribopharma AG filed Critical Ribopharma AG
Priority to EP02801917A priority Critical patent/EP1438056A1/fr
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2002/011972 external-priority patent/WO2003035083A1/fr
Publication of EP1438056A1 publication Critical patent/EP1438056A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medicament and a use for the treatment of a fibrotic disease. It also relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid and its use in the manufacture of a medicament.
  • a fibrotic disease is understood here to be a hierarchy that is characterized by an imbalance between the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) and its degradation.
  • ECM extracellular matrix
  • the imbalance leads to an increased formation and deposition of extracellular matrix or connective tissue.
  • the EZM is formed by cells primarily from collagen, non-collagenic glycoproteins, elastin, proteoglycans and gycosaminoglycans.
  • the fibrotic disease can be, for example, scarring after injury to an internal organ or the skin that goes beyond what is necessary for healing.
  • the excessive formation and deposition of extracellular matrix can lead to malfunctions or failure of the affected organ, for example the lungs, the kidneys or the life.
  • EZM is formed, for example, by mesangial cells and interstitial fibroblasts.
  • the liver it is primarily hepatic stellate cells and portal fibroblasts that are responsible for the formation of the extracellular matrix.
  • the normally dormant hepatic star cells can be activated by damage, for example by toxins or chronic hepatitis. The result is their proliferation and their transdifferentiation in fibroblasts, which produce an excess of extracellular matrix molecules.
  • Attempts to inhibit the synthesis of type I collagen, an essential component of the extracellular matrix, by means of antisense oligonucleotides only led to a slight inhibition of matrix production.
  • An effective molecular biological method for inhibiting matrix production is not yet known.
  • DE 101 00 586 C1 discloses a method for inhibiting the expression of a target gene in a cell, in which an oligoribonucleotide with a double-stranded structure is introduced into the cell. One strand of the double-stranded structure is complementary to the target gene.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • an effective medicament and a use for the treatment of a fibrotic disease should be provided.
  • a use for the production of such a medicament and an active substance suitable for inhibiting excessive formation of extracellular matrix are to be provided.
  • a medicament which contains a double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) which, by means of RNA interference, is suitable for inhibiting the expression of a gene which is involved in the formation of extracellular matrix.
  • dsRNA double-stranded ribonucleic acid
  • a dsRNA is present when the ribonucleic acid consisting of one or two ribonucleic acid strands has a double-stranded structure. Not all nucleotides of the dsRNA need to have canonical Watson-Crick base pairings. In particular, individual non-complementary base pairs hardly or not at all impair the effectiveness. The maximum possible number of base pairs is the number of nucleotides in the shortest strand contained in the dsRNA.
  • the genes involved in the formation of extracellular matrix in the sense of the invention are also those genes which lead to the formation of factors which cause cells to produce extracellular matrix or to transform cells producing extracellular matrix. Such factors are e.g. B. the platelet growth factor (PDGF), the transforming growth factor ß (TGF ß), in particular 'TGFßl, TGFß2 or TGFß3, the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) or oncostatin M.
  • PDGF platelet growth factor
  • TGF ß transforming growth factor ß
  • CTGF connective tissue growth factor
  • these factors can, for example, hepatic transdifferentiation in the liver Initiate and maintain star cells and portal fibroblasts in a phenotype similar to myofibroblasts. Compared to the original cells, this phenotype shows an increased proliferation rate and matrix synthesis with often simultaneously reduced degradation of extracellular matrix (fibrolysis) by matrix-degrading proteases. These factors can be released by cells of the liver other than the hepatic stellate cells or portal fibroblasts.
  • the gene is a gene which codes for the connective tissue growth factor CTGF (connective tissue growth factor), transforming growth factor ⁇ TGFß (transforming growth factor ⁇ ), in particular TGFß1, TGFß2 or TGFß3, TGF ⁇ receptor type I or Type II, the signal transducers Smad 2, Smad 3 or Smad 4, SARA (smad anchor for receptor activation), PDGF, Oncostatin M, a gene involved in the formation of collagen fibrils, a procollagen, prolyl-4-hydroxylase , Lysyl hydroxylase, lysyl oxidase, N-propeptidase or C-propeptidase.
  • Smad 2, Smad 3, Smad 4 and SARA are involved in the signal transduction triggered by the binding of TGF ß to the TGFß receptor type I or type II.
  • Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, lysyl hydroxylase, lysyl oxidase, N-propeptidase and C-propeptidase are on the bil- fertilization of collagen fibrils from procollagen, a precursor molecule.
  • the N-propeptidase cleaves an N-terminal propeptide from a procollagen and the C-propeptidase cleaves a C-terminal propeptide.
  • the procollagen is one of the pro ollagens of type ⁇ l (I), 2 (I), cl (II), l (III), l (V), ⁇ 2 (V), ⁇ 3 ( V), l (VI), 2 (VI), ⁇ 3 (VI), ⁇ l (XI), 2 (XI) or 3 (XI).
  • the Roman numeral in brackets designates the type of collagen formed from the procollagen.
  • the Arabic number identifies the chain of the procollagen.
  • the fibrotic disease can e.g. are liver fibrosis, fibrosis of the kidneys or lungs, for example after an injury, or scar tissue formation that goes beyond the scar formation required for healing.
  • a strand S1 of the dsRNA preferably has a region which is complementary to the gene, at least in sections, and in particular comprises fewer than 25 successive nucleotides.
  • the “gene” here means the DNA strand of the double-stranded DNA coding for a protein or peptide, which is complementary to a DNA strand which serves as a template for transcription, including all transcribed regions. So the gene is generally the sense strand.
  • the strand S1 can thus be complementary to an RNA transcript formed during the expression of the gene or its processing product, such as e.g. an mRNA.
  • the protein or peptide is one that is involved in the formation of extracellular matrix.
  • the complementary region of the dsRNA can have 19 to 24, preferably 20 to 24, particularly preferably 21 to 23, in particular 22 or 23, nucleotides.
  • a dsRNA with this structure is particularly efficient in inhibiting the gene.
  • the strand S1 of the dsRNA can have less than 30, preferably less than 25, particularly preferably 21 to 24, in particular 23, nucleotides. The number of these nucleotides is also the number of the maximum possible base pairs in the dsRNA.
  • dsRNA has a single-stranded overhang formed from 1 to 4, in particular 2 or 3, nucleotides.
  • a dsRNA has a better effectiveness in inhibiting the expression of the gene than at least one end of a dsRNA without single-stranded overhangs.
  • One end is a region of the dsRNA in which there is a 5 'and a 3' strand end.
  • a dsRNA consisting only of strand S1 accordingly has a loop structure and only one end.
  • a dsRNA formed from the strand S1 and a strand S2 has two ends. One end is formed in each case by one end of strand S1 and one end of strand S2.
  • the single-stranded overhang is preferably located at the 3 'end of the strand S1-. This localization of the single-stranded overhang leads to a further increase in the efficiency of the medicament.
  • the dsRNA has a single-stranded overhang only at one end, in particular at the end located at the 3 'end of the strand S1.
  • the other end of a double-ended dsRNA is smooth, ie without overhangs. Surprisingly, it has been shown that an overhang at one end of the dsRNA is sufficient to increase the interference effect of the dsRNA, without lowering the stability to the same extent as by two overhangs.
  • a dsRNA with only one overhang has proven to be sufficiently stable and particularly effective both in various cell culture media and in blood, serum and cells.
  • the inhibition of expression is particularly effective if the overhang is at the 3 'end of the strand S1.
  • the dsRNA preferably has a strand S2, ie it is formed from two separate individual strands.
  • the drug is particularly effective if the strand S1 (antisense strand) is 23 nucleotides in length, the strand S2 is 21 nucleotides in length and the 3 'end of the strand
  • the 51 has a single-stranded overhang formed from two nucleotides.
  • the end of the dsRNA located at the 5 'end of the strand S1 is smooth.
  • the strand S1 can be complementary to the primary or processed RNA transcript of the gene.
  • the dsRNA preferably consists of the strand
  • Such a dsRNA is particularly effective in inhibiting the expression of the gene which codes for procollagen of type I (I) or CTGF and is involved in the formation of extracellular matrix.
  • the medicament can have a preparation which is suitable for inhalation, oral ingestion, infusion or injection, in particular for intravenous or intraperitoneal infusion or injection or for infusion or injection directly into a tissue affected by the fibrotic disease.
  • a preparation suitable for inhalation, infusion or injection can consist, in particular, exclusively of a physiologically compatible solvent, preferably a physiological saline solution or a physiologically compatible buffer, in particular a phosphate-buffered saline solution, and the dsRNA. It has surprisingly been found that a dsRNA which is only dissolved and administered in such a buffer or solvent is taken up by the cells expressing the gene.
  • the expression of the gene and thus the disease is thereby inhibited without the dsRNA having to be packaged in a special vehicle.
  • the dsRNA can be in the drug in a solution, especially a physical logically compatible buffer or a physiological saline solution, enclosed by a micellar structure, preferably a liposome, a capsid, a capsoid or a polymeric nano- or microcapsule or bound to a polymeric nano- or microcapsule.
  • the physiologically compatible buffer can be a phosphate-buffered saline solution.
  • a micellar structure, a capsid, a capsoid or a polymeric nano- or microcapsule can facilitate the uptake of the dsRNA into the cells expressing the gene.
  • the polymeric nano- or microcapsule consists of at least one biodegradable polymer, for example polybutyl cyanoacrylate.
  • the polymeric nano- or microcapsule can transport and release dsRNA contained in or bound
  • the dsRNA can be combined with an agent which enables a targeted uptake of the dsRNA in cells of an organ affected by the fibrotic disease, in particular the liver, the kidney, the lungs or the skin.
  • the dsRNA can be bound to the agent or, as in the case of the liposomes or the nano- or microcapsules, for example, can be surrounded by it.
  • Molecules can be embedded in the iposomes or the nano- or microcapsules, which enable targeted uptake, a so-called targeting.
  • the agent is preferably an agent which mediates binding to the collagen type VI receptor or the PDGF ⁇ receptor, in particular of hepatic star cells or myofibroblasts.
  • the hepatic star cells or myofibroblasts can be activated.
  • the cyclic peptide C * GRGDSPC * according to sequence No. 25 of the attached sequence listing is particularly well suited for the collagen type VI receptor.
  • C * stands for cysteine residues which, through a disulfide bond, bring about the ring closure of the peptide.
  • the medicament is preferably present in at least one administration unit which contains the dsRNA in an amount. maintains a dosage of at most 5 mg, in particular at most 2.5 mg, preferably at most 200 ⁇ g, particularly preferably at most 100 ⁇ g, preferably at most 50 ⁇ g, in particular at most 25 ⁇ g, per kg of body weight and day. Indeed, it has surprisingly been shown that the dsRNA, even in this dosage administered per day, has an excellent effectiveness in inhibiting the expression of the gene and is antifibrotic.
  • the administration unit can be designed for a single administration or intake per day. Then the entire daily dose is contained in one administration unit.
  • the dsRNA is contained therein in a correspondingly smaller amount which enables the daily dose to be reached.
  • the administration unit can also be designed for a single administration or ingestion for several days, e.g. B. by releasing the dsRNA over several days.
  • the administration unit then contains a corresponding multiple of the daily dose.
  • the dsRNA is contained in the administration unit in an amount sufficient to inhibit the expression of a gene which is involved in the formation of extracellular matrix.
  • the medication can also be designed so that several units of the medication together contain the sufficient amount in total. The sufficient amount can also depend on the pharmaceutical formulation of the administration unit. To determine a sufficient amount, the dsRNA can be administered in increasing amounts or doses. Thereafter, a known sample can be taken from a tissue taken from the tissue affected by the fibrotic disease
  • Methods are determined whether the expression of said gene has been inhibited at this amount.
  • the methods can e.g. are molecular biological, biochemical or immunological methods.
  • a double-stranded ribonucleic acid for the manufacture of a medicament intended for the treatment of a fibrotic disease
  • the dsRNA being suitable by RNA interference for inhibiting the expression of a gene involved in the formation of extracellular matrix.
  • the invention provides for the use of a double-stranded ribonucleic acid for the treatment of a fibrotic disease, the dsRNA being suitable by RNA interference for inhibiting the expression of a gene which is involved in the formation of extracellular matrix.
  • a double-stranded ribonucleic acid is provided, which is suitable as an active ingredient by RNA interference to inhibit the expression of a gene involved in the formation of extracellular matrix in a fibrotic disease.
  • FIG. 3 shows the relative CTGF transcript levels of CFSC-2G cells as a function of the amount of CTGF-specific dsRNA and used for the treatment
  • Fig. 4 shows the relative CTGF transcript levels of hepatic star cells isolated from rats in dependence from treatment with a CTGF-specific dsRNA.
  • HCV s5 / as5 the strand S1 of which is complementary to a sequence from the genome of the hepatitis C virus (HCV):
  • PCAl + 2 the strand S1 of which is complementary to a sequence from the human procollagen ⁇ l (I) gene and the procollagen l (I) gene from Rattus norvegicus which is 100% homologous in this area:
  • RD cells These are cells from a human embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma cell line. The cell line is available under number CCL136 from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), PO Box 1549, Manassas, VA 20108, USA.
  • - CFSC-2G cells These are cells from a hepatic rat star cell line, which was developed by Dr. Marcos Rojkind (Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York City, New York, USA). The isolation of the CFSC stem cells is described in: Laboratory Investigation 65 (1991), 644-53. The isolation and characterization of the subclone CFSC-2G is described in: Patricia Greenwel et al., Laboratory Investigation 69 (1993), 210-26.
  • DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
  • FKS heat-inactivated fetal calf serum
  • penicillin 100 IU / ml penicillin
  • streptomycin 100 ⁇ g / ml streptomycin
  • a transient transfection of the RD cells with dsRNA was achieved by lipofection with DNA-loaded liposomes from cationic lipids.
  • a Lipofectamine Plus reagent kit from Invitrogen was used. Inside is a lipofectamine and a plus reagent. The transfection was carried out four times in parallel according to the manufacturer's instructions. For a transfection, approximately 70,000 RD cells / hole were sown in a sterile 12-hole plate. Twenty-four hours later, 5 .mu.l of a 20 .mu.mol / l of the respective dsRNA-containing aqueous solution were diluted in 100 .mu.l DMEM for every two holes of a 12-hole plate.
  • dsRNA was introduced into the cells using oligofectamines from Invitrogen.
  • CFSG-2G or hepatic star cells isolated from rats were used in one
  • Density of 20,000 cells / hole sown in a sterile 12-hole plate Twenty-four hours after sowing, 4 ⁇ l oligofectamines were diluted in 11 ⁇ l DMEM per batch and incubated for 10 min at room temperature. Furthermore, 5 ⁇ l of an aqueous solution containing 20 ⁇ mol / 1 dsRNA were diluted in 185 ⁇ l DMEM for each batch (2 holes of a 12-hole plate). 15 ⁇ l of the prediluted oligofectamine was added to the. diluted dsRNA pipetted, mixed and incubated for 20 min at room temperature. Finally, 1050 ⁇ l DMEM were added to the batches.
  • 600 ⁇ l of the resulting mixture were added to the cells after the cells were washed twice with 1 ml of DMEM per well. After 4 hours of incubation in the incubator, 1 ml of cell culture medium was added to each well and incubated in the incubator for 44 hours.
  • RNA 100-1000 ng
  • 100 pmol oligo-dT primer and 50 pmol random primer were used as primers.
  • 0.5 ⁇ l oligo dT primer (100 pmol) and 1 ⁇ l random primer (50 pmol) were incubated at 70 ° C. for 10 min and then briefly stored on ice.
  • Quantified quantities Quantified quantities. Detection was carried out using a probe labeled with the fluorophore 6'-FAM (carboxyfluorescein) at the 5 'end and the quenching molecule TAMRA (carboxy-tetra-methyl-rhodamine) at the 3' end.
  • the fluorophore is excited with light. It transfers the excitation energy to the 3'-sided extinguishing molecule in close proximity.
  • the 5 '-3' exonuclease activity of the Taq DNA polymerase leads to the hydrolysis of the probe and thus to the spatial separation of the fluorophore from the quenching molecule.
  • the fluorescence of 6'-FAM is quenched less and less.
  • the quantification is carried out using a standard curve prepared with known transcript amounts or a dilution series of a reference cDNA. Furthermore, the transcript level of the household gene ß2-microglobulin was determined and used for normalization. ß2-microglobulin is a constituent protein expressed in a constant amount. The amount of procollagen ⁇ 1 (1) or CTGF cDNA was determined as a ratio to the amount of ⁇ 2-microglobulin cDNA and represented graphically in FIGS. 1 to 4 as a relative transcript level.
  • the following primers and TaqMa ⁇ probes were used to determine the transcript levels of procollagen ⁇ l (I) and CTGF using real-time RT-PCR in rat cells:
  • Figures 1 to 4 show the effects of the dsRNA.
  • all cells were transfected with 100 nmol / 1 dsRNA.
  • 0 to 100 nmol / 1 of the specific dsRNA directed against procollagen ⁇ l (I) or CTGF were supplemented with the unspecific dsRNA HCV s5 / as5 to a concentration of 100 nmol / 1 and transfected into cells.
  • the transcript level measured with 0 nmol / 1 specific dsRNA was arbitrarily defined as a 100% value.
  • the results for RD cells which have been transfected with increasing concentrations of dsRNA directed against procollagen 0.1 (1) are shown in FIG. 1.
  • the effect of the dsRNA depends on the concentration.
  • the procollagen ⁇ l (I) transcript level could be reduced to 20% by 100 nmol / 1 dsRNA PCA1 + 2.
  • the expression of ⁇ 2-microglobulin was not changed by the dsRNA. This shows the specificity of the dsRNA used.
  • FIG. 2 shows the relative transcript levels of the CTGF gene as a function of the concentration of the dsRNA CTG1 + 2 used for transfection.
  • the dsRNA used 100 nmol / 1 dsRNA CTGl + 2 reduce the transcript level to 10%, while 50 nmol dsRNA reduces the transcript level to 32% of the cells treated with non-specific dsRNA HCV s5 / as5.
  • the expression of ⁇ 2-microglobulin is not changed.
  • Fig. 3 shows the relative transcript levels of the CTGF gene in CFSC-2G cells 48 hours after transfection.
  • FIG. 4 shows the relative transcript levels of the CTGF gene in hepatic star cells or myofibroblasts isolated from rats.
  • the cells were cultured on plastic for 7 days. As a result, they were already activated. 48 hours after transfection with 100 nmol / 1 dsRNA there was an approximately 50% reduction in transcription.

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Abstract

Médicament destiné à traiter une fibrose, qui contient un acide ribonucléique à double brin adapté pour inhiber, par interférence d'ARN, l'expression d'un gène participant à la formation de matrice extracellulaire.
EP02801917A 2001-10-26 2002-10-25 Medicament destine a traiter une fibrose par interference d'arn Withdrawn EP1438056A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02801917A EP1438056A1 (fr) 2001-10-26 2002-10-25 Medicament destine a traiter une fibrose par interference d'arn

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10155280 2001-10-26
DE10155280 2001-10-26
DE10158411 2001-11-29
DE10158411 2001-11-29
DE10160151A DE10160151A1 (de) 2001-01-09 2001-12-07 Verfahren zur Hemmung der Expression eines vorgegebenen Zielgens
DE10160151 2001-12-07
PCT/EP2002/000151 WO2002055692A2 (fr) 2001-01-09 2002-01-09 Procede d'inhibition de l'expression d'un gene cible et medicament destine a la therapie d'une maladie tumorale
WOPCT/EP02/00152 2002-01-09
WOPCT/EP02/00151 2002-01-09
PCT/EP2002/000152 WO2002055693A2 (fr) 2001-01-09 2002-01-09 Procede pour inhiber l'expression d'un gene cible
PCT/EP2002/011972 WO2003035083A1 (fr) 2001-10-26 2002-10-25 Medicament destine a traiter une fibrose par interference d'arn
EP02801917A EP1438056A1 (fr) 2001-10-26 2002-10-25 Medicament destine a traiter une fibrose par interference d'arn

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1438056A1 true EP1438056A1 (fr) 2004-07-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02801917A Withdrawn EP1438056A1 (fr) 2001-10-26 2002-10-25 Medicament destine a traiter une fibrose par interference d'arn

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1438056A1 (fr)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO03035083A1 *

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